  ? Where no synonyme is given, the LinnÆan name is the only one in use; and when the synonymes are seldom used, they are marked thus *. When no LinnÆan name is given, the animal was not described by LinnÆus. | |||
| Section I.—CARNIVOROUS, OR FLESH-EATING ANIMALS. | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English Name | LinnÆan Name | Synonymes | Page |
| Lion | Felis Leo | *Leo vulgaris.—Leach | 1 |
| Lioness | Ibid. | 7 | |
| Tiger | Felis Tigris | 9 | |
| Leopard | Felis Leopardus | 12 | |
| Panther | Felis Pardus | 13 | |
| Ounce | Felis Uncia.—Schreb. | 14 | |
| Ocelot | Felis Pardalis | 14 | |
| Hunting Leopard, or Cheetah | Felis jubata | Cynailurus jubatus.—Wag. | 15 |
| Jaguar | Felis Onca | 16 | |
| Puma | Felis concolor | Felis Puma.—Trail *Leo Americanus.—Her. *Puma concolor.—Jard. | 18 |
| Common Lynx | Felis Lynx | *Lyncus vulgaris.—Gray | 19 |
| Canadian Lynx | Felis Canadensis.—Geoff. *Lyncus Canadensis.—Gray | 19 | |
| Caracal | Felis Caracal.—Schreb. | 20 | |
| Domestic Cat | Felis domestica | 20 | |
| Wild Cat | Felis Catus | 22 | |
| Dogs | Canis familiaris and var. | 23 | |
| Shepherd’s Dog | 23 | ||
| Bloodhound | 25 | ||
| Foxhound | 27 | ||
| Pointer | 28 | ||
| Mastiff | 29 | ||
| Bulldog | 30 | ||
| Terrier | 31 | ||
| Spaniel | 32 | ||
| Water Spaniel | 33 | ||
| Newfoundland Dog | 34 | ||
| Greyhound | 36 | ||
| Fox | Canis Vulpes | Vulpes vulgaris.—Briss. | 37 |
| Arctic Fox | Canis lagopus | Vulpes lagopus | 39 |
| Wolf | Canis Lupus | *Lupus vulgaris | 40 |
| Jackal | Canis aureus | 42 | |
| Striped HyÆna | Canis HyÆna | HyÆna striata.—Zimm. | 43 |
| Spotted HyÆna | HyÆna Crocuta | 44 | |
| Black Bear | Ursus Americanus | 45 | |
| Grisly Bear | Ursus ferox | 46 | |
| Brown Bear | Ursus Arctos | 46 | |
| Malayan Sun Bear | Ursus Malayanus | 48 | |
| Polar Bear | Ursus maritimus.—Gmel. | 50 | |
| Racoon | Ursus Lotor | Procyon Lotor.—Cuv. | 51 |
| Badger | Ursus Meles | Meles Taxus.—Blum. | 53 |
| Coati-Mondi | Viverra Nasua | Nasua narica.—F. Cuv. | 53 |
| Civet | Viverra Civetta.—Schreb. | 54 | |
| Genet | Viverra Genetta | Genetta vulgaris.—Cuv. | 55 |
| Oriental Civet | Viverra Zibetha | 56 | |
| Ichneumon, or Egyptian Mangouste | Viverra Ichneumon | Herpestes Ichneumon | 56 |
| Weasel | Mustela vulgaris | 58 | |
| Ferret | Mustela furo | *Viverra furo.—Shaw | 60 |
| Polecat | Mustela putorius | Putorius vulgaris.—Cuv. | 61 |
| Ermine | Mustela erminea | 62 | |
| Skunk | Mustela or Mephitis Americana | 63 | |
| Sable | Mustela or Martes Zibellina | 64 | |
| Marten | Mustela Martes | Martes foina.—Gray | 65 |
| Otter | Mustela Lutra | Lutra vulgaris.—Erxl. | 66 |
| Sea Otter | Mustela Lutris | Enhydra Lutris.—Gray | 68 |
| Seal | Phoca vitulina | *Phoca variegata.—Niel. Calocephalus vitulinus.—Cuv. | 69 |
| Walrus | Trichechus Rosmarus | 72 | |
| Section II.—INSECT-EATING ANIMALS. | |||
| Hedgehog | Erinaceus EuropÆus | 74 | |
| Mole | Talpa EuropÆa | Talpa vulgaris.—Briss. | 76 |
| Shrew | Sorex araneus | 78 | |
| Water Shrew | Sorex fodiens | 79 | |
| Section III.—CHEIROPTEROUS ANIMALS. | |||
| Bat | Vespertilio noctula | 80 | |
| Pipistrelle | Vespertilio Pipistrellus | 81 | |
| Long-eared Bat | Vespertilio auritus | Plecotus auritus.—Gray | 81 |
| Vampyre Bat | Vespertilio spectrum | Phyllostoma spectrum.—Geoff. | 82 |
| Kalong Bat | Pteropus edulis.—PÉron. | 83 | |
| Section IV.—MARSUPIALIA, OR POUCH-BEARING ANIMALS. | |||
| Kangaroo | Macropus giganteus.—Shaw and Cuv. *Halmaturus.—Illig. and *Kangurus.—Desm. | 84 | |
| Opossum | Didelphis Virginiana | 86 | |
| Phalanger | Phalangista vulpina.—Desm. | 87 | |
| Section V.—RODENTIA, OR GNAWING ANIMALS. | |||
| Beaver | Castor Fiber | 88 | |
| Musk Rat | Fiber zibethicus.—Des. Ondatra zibethica.—Lacep. | 90 | |
| Hare | Lepus timidus | 91 | |
| Rabbit (Wild) | Lepus cuniculus | 93 | |
| Rabbit (Domestic) | 94 | ||
| Squirrel | Sciurus vulgaris | 95 | |
| Dormouse | Mus avellanarius | Myoxus muscardinus.—Schreb. | 96 |
| Marmot, or Alpine Rat | Mus marmotta | Arctomys Marmotta.—Gmel. | 97 |
| Guinea-pig | Mus porcellus | Cavia cobaya.—Pall. Cavia aperea.—Erxl. Hydrochoerus aperea.—F. Cuv. | 98 |
| Mouse | Mus musculus | 99 | |
| Rat | Mus decumanus | 100 | |
| Water Rat | Mus amphibius | Mus aquaticus.—Briss. *Lemmus aquaticus.—F. Cuv.—Arvicola amphibia.—Desm. and Jenyns. Arvicola aquatica.—Flem. | 102 |
| Lemming | Mus Lemmus | Myodes Lemmus.—Pall. | 103 |
| Jerboa | Dipus Jerboa.—Gmel. Mus sagitta.—Pall. | 104 | |
| Chinchilla | Chinchilla lanigera | 105 | |
| Porcupine | Hystrix cristata | 106 | |
| Couendou | Hystrix prehensilis | Synetheres prehensilis.—Cuv. | 106 |
| Section VI.—EDENTATA, OR TOOTHLESS ANIMALS. | |||
| Sloth | Bradypus tridactylus | 107 | |
| Armadillo | Dasypus sexcinctus | 109 | |
| Ant-eater | Myrmecophaga jubata | 110 | |
| Duck-billed Platypus | Ornithorhynchus paradoxus.—Blum. Platypus anatinus.—Shaw. | 111 | |
| Section VII.—PACHYDERMATA, OR THICK-SKINNED ANIMALS. | |||
| Elephant | Elephas Indicus | 113 | |
| Hippopotamus, or River Horse | Hippopotamus amphibius | 116 | |
| Rhinoceros | Rhinoceros unicornis | 117 | |
| Hog (Domestic) | Sus scrofa | 118 | |
| Wild Boar | Sus scrofa | Sus aper.—Briss. | 120 |
| Babiroussa | Sus Babyrussa | Babirussa Alfurus.—Less. | 122 |
| Peccary | Dicotyles labiatus.—Cuv. | 122 | |
| Tapir | Tapirus Americanus.—Schreb. | 123 | |
| Horse | Equus caballus | 124 | |
| Ass | Equus Asinus | Asinus vulgaris.—Gray | 127 |
| Mule | 130 | ||
| Kiang | Equus Hemionus.—Pall. | 131 | |
| Zebra | Equus Zebra | 132 | |
| Section VIII.—RUMINATING ANIMALS. | |||
| Bull | Bos Taurus, var. domesticus | 134 | |
| Cow | 136 | ||
| Wild Bull | Bos Taurus, var. Scoticus | 137 | |
| Buffalo | Bos Bubalus | Bubalus Caffer | 139 |
| Bison | Bos Bonasus | Bison Bonasus | 141 |
| Brahmin Bull, or Zebu | Bos Taurus, var. Indicus | 143 | |
| Sheep | Ovis Aries | *Capra ovis.—Blum. | 144 |
| Ram | 146 | ||
| Wallachian Ram | 146 | ||
| Argali, or Wild Sheep of Asia | Ovis Ammon | 147 | |
| Goat | Capra Hircus | 147 | |
| Ibex, or Boquetin | Capra Ibex | 148 | |
| Antelope | Capra Cervicapra | Antilope Cervicapra.—Pall. | 149 |
| Gazelle | Capra Dorcas | Antilope Dorcas—Pall. | 150 |
| Chamois | Capra rupicapra | Antilope rupicapra.—Pall. | 151 |
| Nyl Ghau | Antilope picta.—Pall. | 152 | |
| Gnu | Antilope Gnu.—Gmel. | 154 | |
| Stag | Cervus Elaphus | 155 | |
| Wapiti | Cervus Canadensis.—Gmel. *Cervus strongyloceros.—Schres. | 157 | |
| Roebuck | Cervus capreolus | 158 | |
| Fallow Deer | Cervus Dama | 159 | |
| Elk | Cervus Alces | 160 | |
| Reindeer | Cervus Tarandus | *Cervus Rangifer.—Ray. Rangifer Tarandus | 161 |
| Axis | Cervus axis | 163 | |
| Musk Deer | Moschus Moschiferus | 163 | |
| Giraffe | Cervus Camelopardalis | Camelopardalis Giraffa.—Gmel. | 164 |
| Camel | Camelus Bactrianus | 168 | |
| Dromedary | Camelus Dromedarius | 170 | |
| Llama | Camelus glama | Auchenia glama.—Illig. | 172 |
| Section IX.—QUADRUMANA, OR FOUR-HANDED ANIMALS. | |||
| Ourang Outan | Simia satyrus | 173 | |
| Chimpanzee | Troglodytes niger.—Geoff. | 174 | |
| Gorilla | Troglodytes Gorilla | 176 | |
| Barbary Ape | Simia inuus | Inuus sylvanus.—Cuv. | 177 |
| Baboon | Cynocephalus porcarius.—Desm. and Cuv. | 174 | |
| Proboscis Monkey | Nasalis larvatus.—Geoff. | 180 | |
| Diana Monkey | Simia Diana | Cercopithecus Diana.—Geoff. | 180 |
| Capuchin Monkey | Simia Capucina | Cebus capucinus.—Des. | 182 |
| Spider Monkey | Simia Paniscus | Ateles Paniscus.—Geoff. | 182 |
| Ouistit or Marmozet | Simia Jacchus | Jacchus vulgaris.—Geoff. | 183 |
| Marikina | Simia Rosalia | Jacchus Rosalia | 183 |
| Lemur | Lemur Macaco | 184 | |
| Mongoos | Lemur albifrons.—Geoff. | 184 | |
| BOOK II. INHABITANTS OF THE AIR. | |||
| Section I.—Raptores.—DIURNAL BIRDS OF PREY. | |||
| Golden Eagle | Falco chrysaËtos | Aquila chrysaËtos | 185 |
| Sea Eagle | Falco albicilla | HaliÆetus albicilla.—Sav. | 188 |
| Bald Eagle | Falco leucocephalus | HaliÆetus leucocephalus.—Sav. | 189 |
| Osprey or Fishing Hawk | Falco haliaËtus | Pandion haliaËtus.—Cuv. | 191 |
| Black Eagle | Falco melanaËtos | 194 | |
| Vulture | Vultur Papa | Sarcorhampus Papa.—Dum. | 195 |
| Condor | Vultur Gryphus | Sarcorhampus Gryphus.—Dum. | 319 |
| Grouse, or Moor Fowl | Lagopus Scoticus.—Lath. *Bonasa Scotica.—Briss. | 320 | |
| Ptarmigan | Tetrao Lagopus | Lagopus vulgaris.—Wils. Tetrao rupestris.—Gmel. | 321 |
| Black Cock | Tetrao Tetrix | *Uriogallis minor.—Ray. | 322 |
| Capercailzie | Tetrao Urogallus | 323 | |
| Cock | Phasianus Gallus | Gallus domesticus.—Wils. Gallus Sonnerati | 324 |
| Bankiva, Jago, Spanish, and Bantam Cocks, | 326 | ||
| Dodo | Didus ineptus | 328 | |
| Ringdove | Columba palumbus | 330 | |
| Stockdove | Columba Œnas | 331 | |
| Rock Dove | Columba livia | 332 | |
| Turtledove | Columba turtur | 335 | |
| Section VI.—GRALLATORES, OR WADERS. | |||
| Ostrich | Struthio Camelus | 337 | |
| Rhea | Struthio Rhea | Rhea Americana | 340 |
| Cassowary | Struthio Casuarius | Casuarius galeatus.—Viel. | 341 |
| Emeu | Dromaius ater.—Viel. Dromaius NovÆ HollandiÆ | 343 | |
| Apteryx | Apteryx Australis.—Shaw | 344 | |
| Bustard | Otis tarda | 345 | |
| Crane | Ardea Grus | Grus cinerea.—Bech. | 347 |
| Balearic Crane | Ardea pavonina | Anthropoides pavonina.—Viel. Balearica pavonina.—Vig. | 349 |
| Stork | Ardea Ciconia | Ciconia alba.—Cuv. | 350 |
| Adjutant | Leptoptilus argala | 352 | |
| Heron | Ardea cinerea | 354 | |
| Bittern | Ardea stellaris | Botaurus stellaris.—Steph. | 356 |
| Spoonbill | Platalea leucorodia | 358 | |
| Ibis | Ibis religiosa.—Sav. | 359 | |
| Curlew | Scolopax arquata | Numenius arquatus.—Lath. | 360 |
| Redshank | Scolopax calidris | Totanus calidris.—Bech. | 361 |
| Godwit | Scolopax Ægocephala | Limosa melanura.—Tem. Limosa Ægocephala | 362 |
| Ruff and Reeve | Tringa pugnax | Machetes pugnax | 363 |
| Snipe | Scolopax Gallinago | 365 | |
| Woodcock | Scolopax rusticola | 366 | |
| Knot | Tringa Canutus | Tringa cinerea.—Gmel. | 367 |
| 558 | |||
| Ground Beetle | Carabus clathratus | 558 | |
| Glowworm | Lampyris noctiluca | 559 | |
| Death Watch | Ptinus pertinax | Anobium pertinax.—Fab. | 560 |
| Spanish Fly | Cantharis vesicatoria | 561 | |
| Corn Weevil | Curculio granarius | Calandra granaria.—Clairv. | 561 |
| Lady Bird | Coccinella septempunctata | 562 | |
| Order II.—Orthoptera. | |||
| Earwig | Forficula auricularia | 563 | |
| Leaf Mantis | Mantis gongylodes | Empusa gongylodes—Ill. | 564 |
| Walking Leaf | Mantis siccifolia | Phyllium siccifolium.—Ill. | 565 |
| Grasshopper | Locusta flavipes | 566 | |
| Locust | Gryllus migratorius | Locusta migratoria | 567 |
| Mole Cricket | Gryllus Gryllotalpa | Gryllotalpa vulgaris.—Lat. | 569 |
| Cricket | Gryllus domesticus | Acheta domestica | 570 |
| Order III.—Hemiptera. | |||
| Lantern Fly | Fulgora lanternaria | 571 | |
| Cochineal Insect | Coccus cacti | 571 | |
| Green Fly | Aphis rosÆ | 572 | |
| Order IV.—Neuroptera. | |||
| Ant-Lion | Myrmeleon formicarium | 574 | |
| Dragon Fly | Libellula grandis | Æshna grandis.—Fab. | 576 |
| Order V.—Hymenoptera. | |||
| Bee | Apis mellifica | 577 | |
| Wasp | Vespa vulgaris | 579 | |
| Ichneumon | Pimpla persuasoria | 581 | |
| Ant | Formica rufa | 582 | |
| Order VI.—Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies. | |||
| Emperor Moth, with its Chrysalis and Caterpillar | Phaloena Pavonia minor | Saturnia.—Schaank. | 583 |
| Tortoise-Shell Butterfly | Papilio urticÆ | Vanessa urticÆ.—Fab. | 585 |
| Cabbage Butterfly | Papilio BrassicÆ | Pieris BrassicÆ.—Lat. Pontia BrassicÆ.—Fab. | 586 |
| Magpie Moth | PhalÆna grossulariata | Abraxas grossulariata.—Leach | 587 |
| Winter Moth | PhalÆna brumata | Hibernia brumata.—Lat. | 588 |
| Silkworm | Bombyx mori | 589 | |
| Clothes Moth | Tinea pellionella | 590 | |
| Order VII.—Diptera. | |||
| House Fly | Musca domestica | 592 | |
| Gnat | Culex pipiens | THE
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