By the shore of Gitche Gumee,

By the shining Big-Sea-Water,

At the doorway of his wigwam,

In the pleasant Summer morning,

Hiawatha stood and waited.

All the air was full of freshness,

All the earth was bright and joyous,

And before him, through the sunshine,

Westward toward the neighboring forest

Passed in golden swarms the Ahmo,

Passed the bees, the honey-makers,

Burning, singing in the sunshine.

Bright above him shone the heavens,

Level spread the lake before him;

From its bosom leaped the sturgeon,

Sparkling, flashing in the sunshine;

On its margin the great forest

Stood reflected in the water,

Every tree-top had its shadow,

Motionless beneath the water.

From the brow of Hiawatha

Gone was every trace of sorrow,

As the fog from off the water,

As the mist from off the meadow.

With a smile of joy and triumph,

With a look of exultation,

As of one who in a vision

Sees what is to be, but is not,

Stood and waited Hiawatha.

Toward the sun his hands were lifted,

Both the palms spread out against it,

And between the parted fingers

Fell the sunshine on his features,

Flecked with light his naked shoulders,

As it falls and flecks an oak-tree

Through the rifted leaves and branches.

O'er the water floating, flying,

Something in the hazy distance,

Something in the mists of morning,

Loomed and lifted from the water,

Now seemed floating, now seemed flying,

Coming nearer, nearer, nearer.

Was it Shingebis the diver?

Or the pelican, the Shada?

Or the heron, the Shuh-shuh-gah?

Or the white goose, Waw-be-wawa,

With the water dripping, flashing,

From its glossy neck and feathers?

It was neither goose nor diver,

Neither pelican nor heron,

O'er the water floating, flying,

Through the shining mist of morning,

But a birch canoe with paddles,

Rising, sinking on the water,

Dripping, flashing in the sunshine;

And within it came a people

From the distant land of Wabun,

From the farthest realms of morning

Came the Black-Robe chief, the Prophet,

He the Priest of Prayer, the Pale-face,

With his guides and his companions.

And the noble Hiawatha,

With his hands aloft extended,

Held aloft in sign of welcome,

Waited, full of exultation,

Till the birch canoe with paddles

Grated on the shining pebbles,

Stranded on the sandy margin,

Till the Black-Robe chief, the Pale-face,

With the cross upon his bosom,

Landed on the sandy margin.

Then the joyous Hiawatha

Cried aloud and spake in this wise:

"Beautiful is the sun, O strangers,

When you come so far to see us!

All our town in peace awaits you,

All our doors stand open for you;

You shall enter all our wigwams,

For the heart's right hand we give you.

"Never bloomed the earth so gayly,

Never shone the sun so brightly,

As to-day they shine and blossom

When you come so far to see us!

Never was our lake so tranquil,

Nor so free from rocks, and sand-bars;

For your birch canoe in passing

Has removed both rock and sand-bar.

"Never before had our tobacco

Such a sweet and pleasant flavor,

Never the broad leaves of our cornfields

Were so beautiful to look on,

As they seem to us this morning,

When you come so far to see us!'

And the Black-Robe chief made answer,

Stammered in his speech a little,

Speaking words yet unfamiliar:

"Peace be with you, Hiawatha,

Peace be with you and your people,

Peace of prayer, and peace of pardon,

Peace of Christ, and joy of Mary!"

Then the generous Hiawatha

Led the strangers to his wigwam,

Seated them on skins of bison,

Seated them on skins of ermine,

And the careful old Nokomis

Brought them food in bowls of basswood,

Water brought in birchen dippers,

And the calumet, the peace-pipe,

Filled and lighted for their smoking.

All the old men of the village,

All the warriors of the nation,

All the Jossakeeds, the Prophets,

The magicians, the Wabenos,

And the Medicine-men, the Medas,

Came to bid the strangers welcome;

"It is well", they said, "O brothers,

That you come so far to see us!"

In a circle round the doorway,

With their pipes they sat in silence,

Waiting to behold the strangers,

Waiting to receive their message;

Till the Black-Robe chief, the Pale-face,

From the wigwam came to greet them,

Stammering in his speech a little,

Speaking words yet unfamiliar;

"It is well," they said, "O brother,

That you come so far to see us!"

Then the Black-Robe chief, the Prophet,

Told his message to the people,

Told the purport of his mission,

Told them of the Virgin Mary,

And her blessed Son, the Saviour,

How in distant lands and ages

He had lived on earth as we do;

How he fasted, prayed, and labored;

How the Jews, the tribe accursed,

Mocked him, scourged him, crucified him;

How he rose from where they laid him,

Walked again with his disciples,

And ascended into heaven.

And the chiefs made answer, saying:

"We have listened to your message,

We have heard your words of wisdom,

We will think on what you tell us.

It is well for us, O brothers,

That you come so far to see us!"

Then they rose up and departed

Each one homeward to his wigwam,

To the young men and the women

Told the story of the strangers

Whom the Master of Life had sent them

From the shining land of Wabun.

Heavy with the heat and silence

Grew the afternoon of Summer;

With a drowsy sound the forest

Whispered round the sultry wigwam,

With a sound of sleep the water

Rippled on the beach below it;

From the cornfields shrill and ceaseless

Sang the grasshopper, Pah-puk-keena;

And the guests of Hiawatha,

Weary with the heat of Summer,

Slumbered in the sultry wigwam.

Slowly o'er the simmering landscape

Fell the evening's dusk and coolness,

And the long and level sunbeams

Shot their spears into the forest,

Breaking through its shields of shadow,

Rushed into each secret ambush,

Searched each thicket, dingle, hollow;

Still the guests of Hiawatha

Slumbered in the silent wigwam.

From his place rose Hiawatha,

Bade farewell to old Nokomis,

Spake in whispers, spake in this wise,

Did not wake the guests, that slumbered.

"I am going, O Nokomis,

On a long and distant journey,

To the portals of the Sunset.

To the regions of the home-wind,

Of the Northwest-Wind, Keewaydin.

But these guests I leave behind me,

In your watch and ward I leave them;

See that never harm comes near them,

See that never fear molests them,

Never danger nor suspicion,

Never want of food or shelter,

In the lodge of Hiawatha!"

Forth into the village went he,

Bade farewell to all the warriors,

Bade farewell to all the young men,

Spake persuading, spake in this wise:

"I am going, O my people,

On a long and distant journey;

Many moons and many winters

Will have come, and will have vanished,

Ere I come again to see you.

But my guests I leave behind me;

Listen to their words of wisdom,

Listen to the truth they tell you,

For the Master of Life has sent them

From the land of light and morning!"

On the shore stood Hiawatha,

Turned and waved his hand at parting;

On the clear and luminous water

Launched his birch canoe for sailing,

From the pebbles of the margin

Shoved it forth into the water;

Whispered to it, "Westward! westward!"

And with speed it darted forward.

And the evening sun descending

Set the clouds on fire with redness,

Burned the broad sky, like a prairie,

Left upon the level water

One long track and trail of splendor,

Down whose stream, as down a river,

Westward, westward Hiawatha

Sailed into the fiery sunset,

Sailed into the purple vapors,

Sailed into the dusk of evening:

And the people from the margin

Watched him floating, rising, sinking,

Till the birch canoe seemed lifted

High into that sea of splendor,

Till it sank into the vapors

Like the new moon slowly, slowly

Sinking in the purple distance.

And they said, "Farewell forever!"

Said, "Farewell, O Hiawatha!"

And the forests, dark and lonely,

Moved through all their depths of darkness,

Sighed, "Farewell, O Hiawatha!"

And the waves upon the margin

Rising, rippling on the pebbles,

Sobbed, "Farewell, O Hiawatha!"

And the heron, the Shuh-shuh-gah,

From her haunts among the fen-lands,

Screamed, "Farewell, O Hiawatha!"

Thus departed Hiawatha,

Hiawatha the Beloved,

In the glory of the sunset,

In the purple mists of evening,

To the regions of the home-wind,

Of the Northwest-Wind, Keewaydin,

To the Islands of the Blessed,

To the Kingdom of Ponemah,

To the Land of the Hereafter!

Adjidau'mo, the red squirrel

Ahdeek', the reindeer

Ahmeek', the beaver

Annemee'kee, the thunder

Apuk'wa, a bulrush

Baim-wa'wa, the sound of the thunder

Bemah'gut, the grape-vine

Chemaun', a birch canoe

Chetowaik', the plover

Chibia'bos, a musician; friend of Hiawatha;

ruler of the Land of Spirits

Dahin'da, the bull frog

Dush-kwo-ne'-she or Kwo-ne'-she,

the dragon fly

Esa, shame upon you

Ewa-yea', lullaby

Gitche Gu'mee, The Big-Sea-Water,

Lake Superior

Gitche Man'ito, the Great Spirit,

the Master of Life

Gushkewau', the darkness

Hiawa'tha, the Prophet, the Teacher,

son of Mudjekeewis, the West-Wind and Wenonah,

daughter of Nokomis

Ia'goo, a great boaster and story-teller

Inin'ewug, men, or pawns in the Game of the Bowl

Ishkoodah', fire, a comet

Jee'bi, a ghost, a spirit

Joss'akeed, a prophet

Kabibonok'ka, the North-Wind

Ka'go, do not

Kahgahgee', the raven

Kaw, no

Kaween', no indeed

Kayoshk', the sea-gull

Kee'go, a fish

Keeway'din, the Northwest wind, the Home-wind

Kena'beek, a serpent

Keneu', the great war-eagle

Keno'zha, the pickerel

Ko'ko-ko'ho, the owl

Kuntasoo', the Game of Plumstones

Kwa'sind, the Strong Man

Kwo-ne'-she, or Dush-kwo-ne'-she, the dragon-fly

Mahnahbe'zee, the swan

Mahng, the loon

Mahnomo'nee, wild rice

Ma'ma, the woodpecker

Me'da, a medicine-man

Meenah'ga, the blueberry

Megissog'won, the great Pearl-Feather,

a magician, and the Manito of Wealth

Meshinau'wa, a pipe-bearer

Minjekah'wun, Hiawatha's mittens

Minneha'ha, Laughing Water; wife of Hiawatha;

a water-fall in a stream running into the

Mississippi between Fort Snelling and the

Falls of St. Anthony

Minne-wa'wa, a pleasant sound, as of the wind

in the trees

Mishe-Mo'kwa, the Great Bear

Mishe-Nah'ma, the Great Sturgeon

Miskodeed', the Spring-Beauty, the Claytonia Virginica

Monda'min, Indian corn

Moon of Bright Nights, April

Moon of Leaves, May

Moon of Strawberries, June

Moon of the Falling Leaves, September

Moon of Snow-shoes, November

Mudjekee'wis, the West-Wind; father of Hiawatha

Mudway-aush'ka, sound of waves on a shore

Mushkoda'sa, the grouse

Nah'ma, the sturgeon

Nah'ma-wusk, spearmint

Na'gow Wudj'oo, the Sand Dunes of Lake Superior

Nee-ba-naw'-baigs, water-spirits

Nenemoo'sha, sweetheart

Nepah'win, sleep

Noko'mis, a grandmother, mother of Wenonah

No'sa, my father

Nush'ka, look! look!

Odah'min, the strawberry

Okahha'wis, the fresh-water herring

Ome'mee, the pigeon

Ona'gon, a bowl

Opechee', the robin

Osse'o, Son of the Evening Star

Owais'sa, the blue-bird

Oweenee', wife of Osseo

Ozawa'beek, a round piece of brass or copper

in the Game of the Bowl

Pah-puk-kee'na, the grasshopper

Pau'guk, death

Pau-Puk-Kee'wis, the handsome Yenadizze,

the son of Storm Fool

Pe'boan, Winter

Pem'ican, meat of the deer or buffalo

dried and pounded

Pezhekee', the bison

Pishnekuh', the brant

Pone'mah, hereafter

Puggawau'gun, a war-club

Puk-Wudj'ies, little wild men of the

woods; pygmies

Sah-sah-je'wun, rapids

Segwun', Spring

Sha'da, the pelican

Shahbo'min, the gooseberry

Shah-shah, long ago

Shaugoda'ya, a coward

Shawgashee', the craw-fish

Shawonda'see, the South-Wind

Shaw-shaw, the swallow

Shesh'ebwug, ducks; pieces in the Game

of the Bowl

Shin'gebis, the diver, or grebe

Showain'neme'shin, pity me

Shuh-shuh-gah', the blue heron

Soan-ge-ta'ha, strong-hearted

Subbeka'she, the spider

Sugge'me, the mosquito

To'tem, family coat-of-arms

Ugh, yes

Ugudwash', the sun-fish

Unktahee', the God of Water

Wabas'so, the rabbit, the North

Wabe'no, a magician, a juggler

Wabe'no-wusk, yarrow

Wa'bun, the East-Wind

Wa'bun An'nung, the Star of the East,

the Morning Star

Wahono'win, a cry of lamentation

Wah-wah-tay'see, the fire-fly

Waubewy'on, a white skin wrapper

Wa'wa, the wild goose

Waw-be-wa'wa, the white goose

Wawonais'sa, the whippoorwill

Way-muk-kwa'na, the caterpillar

Weno'nah, the eldest daughter; Hiawatha's mother,

daughter of Nokomis

Yenadiz'ze, an idler and gambler; an

Indian dandy