Alp

A mountain pasture, usually with chalets tenanted only in summer.

ArÊte

A ridge.

Bergschrund

A crevasse between the snow adhering to the rocks and the lower portion of the glacier.

Col

A pass between two peaks.

Couloir

A gully, usually filled with snow or stones.

Crevasse

A crack in a glacier, caused by the movement of the ice over an uneven bed or round a corner.

Firn

The snow of the upper regions, which is slowly changing into glacier ice.

Grat

A ridge.

Joch

A pass between two peaks.

Kamm

A summit ridge.

Moraine

An accumulation of stones and sand which has fallen from bordering slopes on to a glacier. Medial moraines are formed by the junction of glaciers, their lateral moraines joining.

Moulin

A glacier mill, or shaft through the ice, formed by a stream which has met a crevasse in its course, and plunging into its depths has bored a hole right through the glacier and often into the rock beneath.

NÉvÉ

The French of Firn. (See Firn.)

RÜcksack

The bag type of canvas knapsack now invariably used by guides and climbers.

Schrund

A crevasse. (See Crevasse.)

SÊrac

A cube of ice, formed by transverse crevasses, and found where a glacier passes over steep rocks. This part of a glacier is called an ice-fall.