FOOTNOTES

Previous
Robert Means Lawrence

[1] New Cabinet CyclopÆdia.

[2] ArchÆologia, vol. iii. 1775.

[3] John Kitto, D. D., CyclopÆdia of Biblical Art.

[4] John Beckman, A History of Inventions.

[5] Carmen XVIII. 26.

[6] Suetonius: “Soleis mularum argenteis.”

[7] Pliny: “Jumentis suis soleas ex auro induere.”

[8] Fosbroke, Dictionary of Antiquities.

[9] Knight’s Mechanical Dictionary.

[10] Alexander Adam, LL. D., Roman Antiquities.

[11] ArchÆologia, vol. xlvii.

[12] Scribner’s Magazine, November, 1894.

[13] John Beckman, A History of Inventions.

[14] Fosbroke, ArchÆologia, vol. iii.

[15] Notes and Queries, series 3, vol. v. 1864.

[16] Leicestershire and Rutland Notes and Queries, vol. i. 1889-91.

[17] Margaret G. Finch, The History of Oakham Castle. Oakham, 1897.

[18] Chambers’ Journal, March 10, 1866.

[19] Cameron’s Across Africa.

[20] W. Crooke, B. A., North Indian Folk-Lore.

[21] Clara Erskine Clement, Naples.

[22] George Borrow, The Zincali.

[23] A. Certeux and E. Henry Carnoy, L’AlgÉrie traditionnelle, tome i. p. 159.

[24] Folk-Lore, June, 1896, p. 148.

[25] Lieutenant-Colonel N. Prejevalsky, Mongolia, vol. ii. p. 207.

[26] William M. Thomson, D. D., The Land and the Book.

[27] S. S. Thorburn, BannÚ.

[28] Sir John Bowring, F. R. S., The Kingdom and People of Siam, vol. i. p. 145.

[29] Clara Erskine Clement, Naples.

[30] Elworthy, Evil Eye, p. 261.

[31] Popular Science Monthly, November, 1896.

[32] Goblet D’Alviella, La migration des symboles, p. 25.

[33] Rennell Rodd, The Customs and Lore of Modern Greece. 1892.

[34] Revue des traditions populaires, tome viii. 1892.

[35] MÉlusine, tome viii. No. 4. 1896.

[36] M’Clintock and Strong’s CyclopÆdia, art. “Head-Dress.”

[37] Lucy M. J. Garnett, The Christian Women of Turkey.

[38] L’AlgÉrie traditionnelle, tome i. p. 159. 1884.

[39] H. Clay Trumbull, The Threshold Covenant, p. 74.

[40] Folk-Lore, March, 1898, p. 10.

[41] MÉlusine, tome viii. No. 3. 1896.

[42] L’AlgÉrie traditionelle, tome i. p. 159. 1884.

[43] Richard Folkard, Jr., Plant-Lore.

[44] Rev. Timothy Harley, Moon-Lore, p. 192.

[45] Isaiah iii. 18.

[46] Cornhill, March, 1877.

[47] Thomas Inman, M. D., Ancient Faiths embodied in Ancient Names.

[48] Barclay V. Head, Historia Numorum. Oxford, 1887.

[49] A Dictionary of Roman Coins. London, 1889.

[50] Gentleman’s Magazine, vol. 84. 1814.

[51] Popular Science Monthly, November, 1895.

[52] Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, vol. 19. 1890.

[53] Bernard de Montfaucon, L’antiquitÉ expliquÉe.

[54] Ph. Charles Berjean, The Horses of Antiquity, Middle Ages, and Renaissance. London, 1864.

[55] Theodore Andrea Cook, B. A., Old Touraine.

[56] Professor C. H. Rochholz, Alt-deutsches BÜrgerleben.

[57] Richard Folkard, Jr., Plant-Lore.

[58] Laisnel de la Salle, Croyances et legendes du centre de la France. Paris, 1875.

[59] Merlin, Book of Charms.

[60] William A. Craigie, M. A., Scandinavian Folk-Lore, p. 396.

[61] Rudolph Keyser, The Religion of the Northmen, p. 299.

[62] Popular Science Monthly, vol. 44. 1894.

[63] Dr. Karl Sittl, ArchÄologie der Kunst, p. 210. 1895.

[64] Edward B. Tylor, LL. D., Primitive Culture.

[65] William S. Walsh, Handy Book of Literary Curiosities.

[66] Rev. Justus Doolittle, Social Life of the Chinese.

[67] Rennell Rodd, p. 165.

[68] William George Black, Folk-Medicine. London, 1883.

[69] J. B. Friedrich, Die Symbolik und Mythologie der Natur.

[70] F. Nork, Mythologie der Volkssagen und VolksmÄrchen. Stuttgart, 1848.

[71] Paul SÉbillot, LÉgendes et curiositÉs des mÉtiers.

[72] The Folk-Lore Journal, vol. vii. 1889.

[73] Jacob Larwood and John C. Hotten, The History of Signboards.

[74] William Mackay, Urquhart and Glenmoriston, p. 434.

[75] Daniel Wilson, The ArchÆology and Prehistoric Annals of Scotland.

[76] Thomas Keightley, The Fairy Mythology, p. 352.

[77] F. S. Bassett, Sea Phantoms.

[78] James W. Mackinlay, Folk-Lore of Scottish Lochs and Springs, p. 6.

[79] William Jones, Credulities Past and Present.

[80] Giuseppe PitrÉ, Usi e costumi, credenze, e pregiudizi del popolo Siciliano. Palermo, 1889.

[81] A. Wuttke, Der deutsche Volksaberglaube, p. 92.

[82] Cornhill, N. S. vol. xix. 1892.

[83] Dr. H. Ploss, Das Kind in Brauch und Sitte der VÖlker, p. 122.

[84] A. Wuttke, Der deutsche Volksaberglaube, p. 336.

[85] Natural History, book xxviii. ch. 81.

[86] Dr. G. Lammert, Volksmedizin in Bayern, p. 120.

[87] Campbell.

[88] W. Crooke, B. A., Popular Religion and Folk-Lore of Northern India.

[89] Letter to the writer from H. Clay Trumbull.

[90] The Folk-Lore Journal, vol. vi. p. 77.

[91] Jones and Kropf, Folk-Tales of the Magyars, p. 410, note.

[92] Thomas Keightley, The Fairy Mythology, p. 148.

[93] Moise Schuhl, Superstitions et coutumes populaires du Judaisme.

[94] John Gregorson Campbell, The Fians, p. 52.

[95] FrÄulein Helene Raff.

[96] L’Initiation, 19? volume, April, 1893.

[97] J. C. Brown, LL. D., People of Finland in Archaic Times, p. 112.

[98] W. A. Craigie, Scandinavian Folk-Lore.

[99] T. F. Thiselton Dyer, M. A., British Popular Customs, p. 424.

[100] MÉlusine, tome iv. p. 367.

[101] R. G. Haliburton, The Dwarfs of Mount Atlas.

[102] Dr. Ludwig Beck, Die Geschichte des Eisens, p. 879.

[103] A. Wuttke, Der deutsche Volksaberglaube, p. 263.

[104] For this legend, and for other information regarding the traditions and customs of the Bavarian and Tyrolese peasantry, the writer is indebted to FrÄulein Helene Raff, of Munich.

[105] Crooke, p. 199.

[106] Gregor, Scotch Folk-Lore, p. 45.

[107] E. Daumas, The Horses of the Sahara, pp. 150 et seq.

[108] Rev. James Macdonald, Religion and Myth, p. 92.

[109] Dr. O. Schrader, Prehistoric Antiquities.

[110] Richard Andree, Ethnographische Parallelen und Vergleiche, p. 155.

[111] Chambers’ EncyclopÆdia.

[112] Banier, Mythology, vol. ii. p. 570.

[113] Brinton, Religions of Primitive Peoples, p. 142.

[114] Henry Yule, Cathay and the Way Thither.

[115] Gentleman’s Magazine, vol. 281, p. 514. 1896.

[116] The Comical Pilgrim’s Pilgrimage into Ireland, 1723, p. 92.

[117] Dyer, British Popular Customs, p. 322.

[118] W. K. Kelly, Curiosities of Indo-European Tradition and Folk-Lore, p. 48.

[119] Campbell, p. 24.

[120] Campbell, p. 318.

[121] L. Maria Child, The Progress of Religious Ideas, vol. i. p. 276.

[122] Theophilus Hahn, Ph. D., Tsuni-Goam, p. 77.

[123] The Werner Company, Art Treasures from the World’s Fair. Chicago, 1895.

[124] All the Year Round, N. S. vol. xxxix. 1887.

[125] Indian Antiquary, vol. xv. 1886.

[126] Cornhill Magazine, vol. xix. 1869.

[127] E. G. Squier, A. M., The Serpent Symbol.

[128] Sir John Lubbock, The Origin of Civilization.

[129] Marc Monnier, Les contes populaires en Italie.

[130] Grosses Universal Lexicon.

[131] Astley, Collection of Voyages.

[132] Dr. Friedrich S. Krauss, SrÉca, GlÜck und Schicksal im Volksglauben der SÜdslaven. Wien, 1886.

[133] A. W. Buckland, St. Paul’s Magazine, vol. i. 1874.

[134] Amer. Antiq., vol. xviii. p. 141. 1896.

[135] Lucy M. J. Garnett, The Christian Women of Turkey.

[136] Popular Science Monthly, vol. 35. 1889.

[137] MÉlusine, tome viii. No. 2. 1896.

[138] The Myths of the New World, p. 132.

[139] John Newton, Notes and Queries, 7th series, vol. iii. April, 1887.

[140] W. Crooke, B. A., Popular Religion and Folk-Lore of Northern India.

[141] Jacob Grimm, Deutsche Mythologie.

[142] Friedrich Creuzer, Symbolik und Mythologie der alten VÖlker, vol. iv. p. 380.

[143] Das Kloster, vol. ix. p. 97.

[144] Friedrich, p. 454.

[145] L. Austine Waddell, M. B., The Buddhism of Tibet, p. 413.

[146] Campbell, p. 457.

[147] Schuyler, Turkistan, p. 30.

[148] MÉlusine, tome viii. No. 1, p. 17. 1896.

[149] Max JÄhns, Ross und Reiter, i. 371.

[150] Ulster Journal of ArchÆology, vol. vii. p. 69.

[151] Cornhill Magazine, article on “Comparative Folk-Lore,” vol. lxxvi.

[152] Thomas A. Wise, M. D., History of Paganism in Caledonia.

[153] Mallet, Northern Antiquities, p. 154.

[154] Gentleman’s Magazine, vol. 278, p. 417. 1895.

[155] FrÄulein Helene Raff.

[156] Professor Dr. Sepp, Die Religion der alten Deutschen, p. 340. 1890.

[157] JÄhns, i. pp. 294-296.

[158] Wuttke, p. 185.

[159] Wuttke, p. 423.

[160] Richard Andree, Braunschweiger Volkskunde, p. 128.

[161] Grimm, vol. i. p. 47.

[162] S. Baring-Gould, M. A., Strange Survivals.

[163] J. Scheible, Das Kloster, Band ix. p. 101; Thomas Carlyle, Early Kings of Norway, p. 8.

[164] Dr. Karl Weinhold, Altnordisches Leben, p. 145. 1856.

[165] Brand, vol. ii. p. 664.

[166] FrÄulein Helene Raff.

[167] J. B. Friedrich, Die Symbolik und Mythologie der Natur.

[168] E. Rolland, Faune populaire de la France, tome iv.

[169] C. G. Leland, Gypsy Sorcery.

[170] Gerald Massey, A Book of Beginnings.

[171] Folk-Lore, vol. iv. p. 6. 1893.

[172] MÉlusine, tome viii. No. 1, p. 17. 1896.

[173] Professor Dr. Sepp, Die Religion der alten Deutschen, p. 263. 1890.

[174] JÄhns, vol. i. p. 373.

[175] Das Buck der ritterlichen Reutterkunst.

[176] Heinrich von Wlislocki, Aus dem Volksleben der Magyaren, pp. 9, 10.

[177] Heinrich von Wlislocki, Volksglaube und religiÖser Brauch der Zigeuner.

[178] M’Clintock and Strong’s EncyclopÆdia, art. “Shamanism;” E. B. Tylor, Primitive Culture, vol. ii. p. 142.

[179] Gentleman’s Magazine. 1867.

[180] Rev. T. Thiselton Dyer, Domestic Folk-Lore.

[181] Museum of Foreign Literature, vol. xxvi. 1835.

[182] The Rev. E. Cobham Brewer, LL. D., Dictionary of Phrase and Fable.

[183] Robert Ford, Thistledown.

[184] Boston Transcript, May 9, 1898.

[185] Turner’s Anglo-Saxons.

[186] John Brooks Felton, The Horse-Shoe, a Poem. Cambridge, 1849.

[187] James Napier in Folk-Lore.

[188] H. Clay Trumbull, The Threshold Covenant, chap. i.

[189] Ralston, Songs of the Russian People, p. 136.

[190] Bonami, Nineveh and its Palaces, p. 159.

[191] Popular Science Monthly, vol. 44, p. 520. February, 1894.

[192] C. G. Leland, Etruscan Roman Remains, p. 282.

[193] Petersen, Hufeisen, p. 7.

[194] Waddell, p. 484.

[195] Edmond O’Donovan, The Merv Oasis, vol. ii. p. 141.

[196] A. Featherman, Social History of Mankind.

[197] Rev. Charles Rogers, D. D., Social Life in Scotland, vol. iii. p. 229.

[198] Robert Ford, Thistledown, p. 262.

[199] Gregor, Scotch Folk-Lore.

[200] A. Wuttke, Der deutsche Volksaberglaube. Berlin, 1869.

[201] Robert Thorne, M. A., A Dictionary of Rare and Curious Information.

[202] The Denham Tracts.

[203] Fortnightly Review.

[204] Sidney Oldall Addy, M. A., Household Tales. 1895.

[205] Edward W. B. Nicholson, M. A., Golspie. Edinburgh, 1897.

[206] Notes and Queries, 5th series, vol. ix. p. 65. January, 1878.

[207] Rev. James Macdonald, Religion and Myth, p. 92.

[208] Novellenzeitung, sechster Jahrgang, No. 51, p. 812.

[209] C. G. Leland, Etruscan Roman Remains.

[210] Thomas A. Wise, M. D., History of Paganism in Caledonia.

[211] The Scottish Gallovidian EncyclopÆdia. London, 1824.

[212] Petersen, Hufeisen, p. 8.

[213] Camden’s Britannia.

[214] Thorpe’s Northern Mythology.

[215] Francis Parry, F. R. G. S., The Sacred Symbols and Numbers of Aboriginal America in Ancient and Modern Times.

[216] The American Antiquarian, vol. xii. p. 356; vol. xiii. p. 58.

[217] Leopold Wagner, Manners, Customs, and Observances.

[218] S. H. Killikelly, Curious Questions.

[219] Leicestershire and Rutland Notes and Queries, vol. ii. 1891-93.

[220] Grimm, p. 34.

[221] J. Scheible, Das Kloster, vol. ix. p. 422.

[222] Arnold Frost, The Ballad of the Wind, the Devil, and Lincoln Minster. Lincoln, 1897.

[223] J. W. Wolf, BeitrÄge zur deutschen Mythologie, p. 91.

[224] Ignaz V. Zingerle, Sitten, BrÄuche und Meinungen des tiroler Volkes. Innsbruck, 1857.

[225] Herman Schmid and Karl Stieler, The Bavarian Highlands and the Salzkammergut.

[226] Anton Birlinger, Sagen, Legenden und Volksaberglauben, vol. i. p. 49.

[227] Belgravia, vol. iv. 1887.

[228] Yule-Tide Stories, edited by Benjamin Thorpe. London, 1853.

[229] J. Scheible, Das Kloster.

[230] Thorpe’s Northern Mythology, vol. ii. p. 190.

[231] Ernst Meier, Deutsche Sagen, Sitten und GebrÄuche aus Schwaben. Stuttgart, 1852.

[232] Friedrich Panzer, Bayerische Sagen und BrÄuche, vol. i. p. 127.

[233] CyclopÆdia of Arts. Philadelphia.

[234] F. AllÈgre, Étude sur la dÉesse grecque TychÉ. Paris, 1889.

[235] Plutarch’s Opinions of Philosophers.

[236] Lyon, Nouveau dictionnaire historique. 1804.

[237] History of Rome.

[238] George Crabb, English Synonymes.

[239] Andrew Tooke, A. M., The Pantheon. Dublin, 1792.

[240] Anthon’s Classical Dictionary.

[241] F. Noel, Dictionnaire de la fable. Paris, 1803.

[242] P. Galtruchius, History of the Heathen Gods. 1671.

[243] Daniel Watson, A. M., A History of the Gods and Goddesses.

[244] Plutarch’s Roman Questions.

[245] Roscher, Lexicon der griechischen und rÖmischen Mythologie, p. 1523.

[246] The Antiquarian Repertory, vol. iv. p. 256. London, 1784.

[247] Basil H. Chamberlin, Things Japanese.

[248] L. Austine Waddell, B. A., The Buddhism of Tibet, p. 512.

[249] Mythology and Monuments of Ancient Athens.

[250] Rodolfo Lanciani, Pagan and Christian Rome.

[251] Thomas Wright, The Celt, the Roman, and the Saxon.

[252] Read at the Annual Meeting of the American Folk-Lore Society, New York, December 29, 1896.

[253] Banier’s Mythology. London, 1739.

[254] Bancroft, Native Races, vol. ii. p. 353.

[255] J. J. L. Ratton, M. D., M. C., A Hand-Book of Common Salt.

[256] J. B. Friedrich, Die Symbolik und Mythologie der Natur.

[257] Calmet’s Dictionary of the Holy Bible.

[258] Philemon Holland, The Morals or Miscellane Works of Plutarch.

[259] Horst, DÆmonomagie. Frankfurt, 1818.

[260] Richalmus, Liber Revelationum de Insidiis et Versutiis DÆmonum adversus Homines.

[261] Dr. Heinrich von Wlislocki, Volksglaube und religiÖser Brauch der Magyar, p. 151.

[262] W. Mannhardt, Germanische Mythen. Berlin, 1858.

[263] W. Crooke, B. A., p. 147.

[264] Alexander Adam, LL. D., Roman Antiquities.

[265] Grosses Universal Lexicon. Leipzig and Halle, 1742.

[266] John Borrow, F. R. S., Travels in China.

[267] Natural History, book xxxi. ch. 41.

[268] Elias Artista Hermetica, Das Geheimniss vom Salz.

[269] Il a rÉpandu le sel À pleines mains dans ses Écrits.

[270] Baret, 1580.

[271] Brewer’s Dictionary of Phrase and Fable.

[272] Edinburgh Monthly Magazine, June, 1817.

[273] Chevalier d’Arvieux, Memoir. Paris, 1735.

[274] J. J. Manley, M. A., Salt and Other Condiments, p. 90.

[275] Karl Baedeker, The Eastern Alps, p. 124. 1895.

[276] Spectator, vol. 66. 1891.

[277] Gentleman’s Magazine, part i. 1833.

[278] Felix Liebrecht, Die Symbolik und Mythologie der Natur.

[279] Owen on Serpents.

[280] The writer is indebted for this translation to John P. Hopkinson, Esq.

[281] Felix Liebrecht, Zur Volkskunde. 1877.

[282] Shakespeare refers to this subject in several passages, and among them the following:—

How came her eyes so bright? Not with salt tears.
Midsummer Night’s Dream.
With tears as salt as sea.
2 Henry VI.

[283] Current Superstitions, edited by Fanny D. Bergen.

[284] Clifton Johnson, What they say in New England, p. 92. 1896.

[285] M. J. Schleiden, Das Salz, p. 73.

[286] The Study of Sociology, p. 5.

[287] Revue des traditions populaires, tome i. 1886.

[288] A Theological and Philosophical Treatise of the Nature and Goodnesse of Salt. Imprinted by Felix Kyngston for Richard Boyle at London, 1612.

[289] James Napier, Folk-Lore, p. 33.

[290] PitrÉ, vol. iv. p. 102.

[291] R. T. Hampson, Medii Ævi Kalendarium. London, 1841.

[292] PitrÉ, vol. ii. p. 161.

[293] Dr. Heino Pfannenschmid, Das Weihwasser im heidnischen und christlichen Cultus.

[294] Notes and Queries, 6th series, vol. ix. p. 428. May, 1884.

[295] Century Dictionary.

[296] Francis Grose, Popular Superstitions.

[297] Spenser’s Faerie Queene.

[298] Clara Erskine Clement, Naples.

[299] Grimm’s Teutonic Mythology.

[300] The Folk-Lore Journal, vol. vii. 1889.

[301] Journal of American Folk-Lore, No. xviii. 1892.

[302] The Washington Post, November 27, 1894.

[303] William Henderson, Notes on the Folk-Lore of the Northern Countries of England.

[304] Journal of American Folk-Lore, No. 19. 1892.

[305] Keightley’s Fairy Mythology.

[306] Giuseppe PitrÉ, Usi e costumi, credenze e pregiudizi del popolo Siciliano, vol. iii. p. 426. Palermo, 1889.

[307] Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft, edited by Rev. Oswald Cockayne. London, 1865.

[308] Rev. Charles Rogers, LL. D., Scotland, Social and Domestic.

[309] Journal of American Folk-Lore, No. 13. 1891.

[310] James M. Campbell, Notes on the Spirit-Basis of Belief and Custom.

[311] Lady Wilde, Ancient Legends, Mystic Charms, and Superstitions of Ireland.

[312] Revue des traditions populaires, tome vi. p. 43. 1891.

[313] Zeitschrift fÜr deutsche Mythologie und Sittenkunde, Band iv.

[314] Sitzungberichte der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften.

[315] Abraham Fornander, An Account of the Polynesian Race, vol. i.

[316] Aus dem Volksleben der Magyaren, p. 111.

[317] William Elliot Griffis, A. M., The Mikado’s Empire.

[318] Rogers, vol. iii. p. 288.

[319] Henderson, p. 217.

[320] Burkhardt’s Nubia.

[321] M. J. Schleiden, Das Salz.

[322] Waldron’s History.

[323] PitrÉ.

[324] M. J. Schleiden, Das Salz, p. 71.

[325] The Leisure Hour, vol. xliii. p. 805. 1894.

[326] The Book of Ser Marco Polo. London, 1874.

[327] Lieutenant-Colonel N. Prejevalsky, Mongolia, vol. i. p. 122.

[328] J. J. Manley, M. A., Salt and Other Condiments.

[329] J. J. Manley, p. 13.

[330] Nares’ Glossary, vol. ii. p. 763.

[331] Cosmopolitan, vol. xx. p. 94. 1894.

[332] Contemporary Review, vol. xxxi.

[333] R. H. Busk, Roman Legends.

[334] Schleiden, p. 73.

[335] M. Dacier, The Life of Pythagoras, p. 60. London, 1707.

[336] Feu M. Jean FranÇois Buddeus, TraitÉ de l’athÉisme et de la superstition.

[337] Thomas Wright, A History of Domestic Manners in England during the Middle Ages.

[338] Richard Boyle. 1612.

[339] Chambers’s Book of Days.

[340] Emily S. Holt, Ye Olden Time, p. 130.

[341] Fosbroke, EncyclopÆdia of Antiquities.

[342] Leges Curiales Regis Canuti; apud Bartholin, p. 583; J. S. Forsyth, The Antiquary’s Portfolio. London, 1825.

[343] Elizabeth Hodges, Some Ancient English Homes.

[344] Rogers, vol. i. p. 233.

[345] P. H. Ditchfield, M. A., F. S. A., Old English Customs. 1896.

[346] Martin Schoock, De Sternutatione Tractatus Copiosus. Amsterdam, 1664.

[347] Joh. Gerhardus Menschen, Disquisitio Philologica de Ritu Salutandi Sternutantes. Kiloni, 1704.

[348] John Potter, D. D., Antiquities of Greece.

[349] Francis Rous, ArchÆologiÆ AtticÆ. London, 1685.

[350] EncyclopÉdie mÉthodique. Paris, 1788.

[351] U. S. Literary Gazette, vol. iv. 1826.

[352] Eustace Neville Rolfe, B. A., Pompeii, Popular and Practical. London, 1888.

[353] Gerald Massey, The Natural Genesis, vol. i. pp. 83-85.

[354] Henderson, p. 128.

[355] MÉlusine, vol. iv. 1888-89.

[356] William Jones, Credulities.

[357] John Beaumont, Gent., A Treatise of Spirits. London, 1705.

[358] Twelfth Annual Report of the Thirteen Club of New York, January, 1894. The writer has also consulted the original manuscript.

[359] Grimm’s Teutonic Mythology.

[360] A. Featherman, The Social History of the Races of Mankind.

[361] R. H. Codrington, D. D., The Melanesians.

[362] Notes and Queries, 1st series, vol. xii.

[363] Rev. Charles Rogers, LL. D., F. S. A., Scotland, Social and Domestic.

[364] Alexandre Desrousseaux, Moeurs populaires de la Flandre franÇaise.

[365] Gentleman’s Magazine, vol. 252, p. 237. January, 1882.

[366] Wuttke, p. 243.

[367] Philadelphia Inquirer, February 24, 1898.

[368] Eugene Schuyler, Turkistan, p. 29.

[369] Griffis, Japan, p. 187.

[370] Journal of American Folk-Lore, vol. x. p. 272. 1897.

[371] Henderson, p. 206.

[372] Vol. 73, pp. 41, 42. 1896.

[373] Cornhill Magazine, vol. 76.

[374] Lecture by Dr. D. G. Brinton, at the Lowell Institute, Boston, Mass., November 9, 1896.

[375] Elijah M. Haines, The American Indian, p. 416.

[376] D. G. Brinton, Myths of the New World, p. 307.

[377] Andree, Ethnographische Parallelen, p. 177.

[378] Herbert Spencer, Principles of Sociology, vol. iii. p. 186.

[379] Rev. William Wyatt Gill, B. A., Myths and Songs from the South Pacific.

[380] L. Maria Child, The Progress of Religious Ideas, vol. i. p. 276.

[381] Schuyler, Turkistan, p. 29.

[382] Isabella L. Bishop, Among the Tibetans, p. 104.

[383] Rev. J. A. Graham, M. A., On the Threshold of Three Closed Lands, p. 76.

[384] G. Maspero, The Dawn of Civilization. 1894.

[385] Professor E. P. Evans, Popular Science Monthly, November, 1895.

[386] W. Crooke, B. A., Popular Religion and Folk-Lore of Northern India.

[387] S. Baring Gould, Legends of the Patriarchs and Prophets.

[388] The Catholic World, vol. iii. 1866.

[389] Brand’s Popular Antiquities of Great Britain.

[390] EncyclopÆdia of Arts and Sciences. Philadelphia, 1798.

[391] Pedro Mexio, The Treasurie of Auncient and Moderne Times. 1613.

[392] Legends of Iceland, collected by JÓn Arnason, 2d series, p. 646.

[393] Edward B. Tylor, Primitive Culture.

[394] Temple Bar, vol. 43. 1875.

[395] Dictionnaire des sciences occultes.

[396] William S. Walsh, Handy-Book of Literary Curiosities.

[397] Edward William Lane, The Modern Egyptians.

[398] James Owen Dorsey, “A Study of Siouan Cults,” Eleventh Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology, Washington, D. C.

[399] Lady Wilde’s Ancient Cures, Charms, and Usages of Ireland.

[400] M. l’AbbÉ Bertram, Dictionnaire de toutes les religions.

[401] Cornhill Magazine, vol. 76.

[402] Brand, vol. i. p. 361.

[403] C. F. Gordon-Cumming, At Home in Fiji, p. 105.

[404] E. Henry Carnay, Litterature orale de la Picardie. Paris, 1883.

[405] Ernst Meier, Deutsche Sagen, Sitten und GebrÄuche aus Schwaben. Stuttgart, 1852.

[406] FranÇois Lenormant, Chaldean Magic.

[407] Adolf Erman, Life in Ancient Egypt, p. 351.

[408] F. Chabas, Le calendrier des jours fastes et nÉfastes et de l’annÉe egyptienne, p. 124.

[409] M. Court de Gebelin, Monde primitif, vol. iv. Paris, 1776.

[410] Jean Baptiste Thiers, TraitÉ des superstitions. Paris, 1679.

[411] Historia litteraria, vol. ii. London, 1731.

[412] Monsieur Danet, A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities. London, 1700.

[413] Chabas, p. 124.

[414] Rev. Edward Cockayne, M. A., Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft of Early England.

[415] Brand’s Popular Antiquities.

[416] Dr. C. Edward Sachan, The Chronology of Ancient Nations. London, 1879.

[417] Israel Abrahams, M. A., Jewish Life in the Middle Ages, p. 184.

[418] Bowring, Siam, vol. i. p. 158.

[419] Mallet’s Northern Antiquities.

[420] Mallet, p. 426.

[421] Clifford Howard, Sex Worship, p. 119.

[422] MÉlusine, tome iv. 1888-89.

[423] Cockayne, vol. iii. p. 163.

[424] “Popular Superstitions,” Gentleman’s Magazine Library, vol. i.

[425] William Jones, Credulities Past and Present.

[426] T. F. Thiselton Dyer, British Popular Customs.

[427] Isaac Disraeli, Curiosities of Literature, vol. i. p. 280.

[428] Sir William Muir, K. C. S. I., The Life of Mahomet.

[429] John J. Pool, Studies in Mohammedanism, p. 103.

[430] M. l’AbbÉ Bertrand, Dictionnaire universel de toutes les religions.

[431] Thomas Patrick Hughes, B. D., M. R. A. S., A Dictionary of Islam.

[432] S. S. Thorburn, BannÚ.

[433] Israel Abrahams, M. A., Jewish Life in the Middle Ages, p. 186.

[434] Gerald Massey, The Natural Genesis, vol. ii. p. 298.

[435] Moritz Busch, Deutscher Volksglaube.

[436] Rogers, vol. iii. p. 278.

[437] Lady Wilde, Ancient Legends, Mystic Charms, and Superstitions of Ireland, p. 136.

[438] Lady Wilde, Ancient Cures, Charms, and Usages of Ireland.

[439] P. G. Heims, Seespuk, p. 135.

[440] Wilhelm Kolbe, Hessische Volks-Sitten und GebrÄuche.

[441] Shropshire Folk-Lore, p. 260.

[442] “Wily Beguiled,” Hawkins’s English Drama, vol. iii. p. 356.

[443] Dr. Adolf Wuttke, Der deutsche Volksaberglaube. Berlin, 1869.

[444] E. L. Rochholz, Alt-deutsches BÜrgerleben, pp. 52, 53.

[445] Wlislocki, Aus dem Volksleben der Magyaren, p. 68.

[446] Zeitschrift des Vereins fÜr Volkskunde, vol. iv. p. 307. 1894.

[447] Giuseppe PitrÉ, Usi e costumi, credenze e pregiudizi del popolo Siciliano. 1889.

[448] M. Jean-FranÇois BladÉ, Contes populaires de la Gascogne. Paris, 1886.

[449] M. l’AbbÉ Migne, Dictionnaire des superstitions populaires.

[450] Giuseppe PitrÉ, Il venerdi nelle tradizioni popolari italiane.

[451] Busch, op. cit.

[452] A World of Wonders, edited by Albany Poyntz.

[453] Zeitschrift fÜr deutsche Mythologie, iv. 147.

[454] Boston Herald, May 1, 1898.

[455] W. R. S. Ralston, M. A., Russian Folk-Tales.

[456] Larousse, Grand dictionnaire universel.

[457] M. D. Conway, Demonology and Devil-Lore.

[458] Fr. Noel, Dictionnaire de la fable.

[459] Danet’s Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities. London, 1700.

[460] Andrew Lang, Custom and Myth.

[461] Ermete Pierotti, Customs and Traditions of Palestine.

[462] Journal of American Folk-Lore, vol. x. No. 39, p. 274. 1897.

[463] Leland’s Gypsy Sorcery.

[464] Brewer’s Dictionary of Miracles.

[465] Rev. Walter Gregor, M. A., Notes on the Folk-Lore of the Northeast of Scotland.

[466] Hulme, Natural History Lore and Legend, p. 241.

[467] Thorpe, ii. p. 84.

[468] Schuyler, Turkestan, p. 30.

[469] Edward Jewitt Robinson, Tales and Poems of South India, p. 378.

[470] E. Rolland, Faune populaire de la France. Paris, 1877.

[471] Wuttke, p. 118.

[472] Wuttke, p. 276.

[473] Dr. Joseph Virgil Grohmann, Aberglauben und GebrÄuche aus BÖhmen und MÄhren, p. 232.

[474] EncyclopÉdie theologique, tome, “Sciences occultes.”

[475] John Thrupp, The Anglo-Saxon Home. London, 1852.

[476] Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft, edited by the Rev. Oswald Cockayne.

[477] Francis Lenormant, Chaldean Magic and Sorcery.

[478] Francis Rous, ArchÆologiÆ AtticÆ. London, 1635.

[479] Grohmann, Apollo Smintheus, p. 60.

[480] Grohmann, Aberglauben, vol. i. p. 59.

[481] Grohmann, Aberglauben, vol. i. p. 61.

[482] Thomas Gage, A New Survey of the West Indies. London, 1677.

[483] Rev. Hilderic Friend, Flowers and Flower-Lore, p. 554.

[484] John Henry Gray, M. A., LL. D., China, p. 169.

[485] Martin Frederick Blumber, A History of Amulets.

[486] Richard Folkard, Jr., Plant-Lore, p. 160.

[487] The Buddhism of Tibet.

[488] The Nation. June 15, 1866.

[489] R. T. Hampson, Medii Ævi Kalendarium. See, also, article by W. W. Newell in Journal of American Folk-Lore, vol. v. No. 14.

[490] Anthon’s Classical Dictionary.

[491] Garnett, p. 340.

[492] Lucy M. J. Garnett, The Women of Turkey, p. 286.

[493] Jean Frederic Bernard, Superstitions anciennes et modernes, tome i. p. 101. 1733.

[494] Scot’s Discoverie of Witchcraft.

[495] The Folk-Lorist, vol. i. July, 1893.

[496] William Jones, Credulities Past and Present.

[497] J. B. Thiers, TraitÉ des superstitions.

[498] W. Crooke, B. A., North Indian Folk-Lore.

[499] Folk-Lore. June, 1896.

[500] W. W. Newell, Journal of American Folk-Lore, No. 16. 1892.

[501] M. D. Conway, Demonology and Devil-Lore.

[502] James M. Campbell, Notes on the Spirit Basis of Belief and Custom.

[503] Bulletin de la societÉ d’ethnographie. July, 1887.

[504] Rev. J. G. Wood, M. A., The Uncivilized Races of Men.

[505] The Occult Sciences, from the French of Eusebe Salverte.

[506] Journal of American Folk-Lore, No. 13. 1891.

[507] L. Lalanne, CuriositÉs des traditions. Paris, 1847.

[508] E. P. Evans, Atlantic Monthly, vol. 54. 1884.

[509] W. Lander Lindsay, M. D., Mind in the Lower Animals.

[510] Banier’s Mythology.

[511] J. B. Thiers, TraitÉ des superstitions.

[512] Louis Duval, RÔle des croyances populaires dans la protection des animaux. 1889.

[513] The Student and Intellectual Observer, vol. iii. 1869.

[514] Rev. G. Oliver, D. D., The Pythagorean Triangle.

[515] Pliny, Natural History, book xxviii.

[516] Century Dictionary.

[517] Sir John Bowring, F. R. S., The Kingdom and People of Siam, vol. i. p. 139.

[518] Mallet’s Northern Antiquities, p. 112.

[519] Folkard, p. 377.

[520] Robert Vilvain, of Excester, Enchiridium Epigrammatum, p. 148. 1654.

[521] T. Wain, The Wonderful Number Seven.

[522] Charles De B. Mills, The Tree of Mythology.

[523] The International CyclopÆdia, vol. xiii. p. 360.

[524] Smith’s Dictionary of the Bible, art. “Seven.”

[525] F. Lenormant, Chaldean Magic and Sorcery.

[526] Enchiridium Epigrammatum, p. 141. 1654.

[527] T. Wain, The Wonderful Number Seven.

[528] S. Pancoast, M. D., The Kabbala, p. 247.

[529] The National Review, vol. xxi. p. 199. 1893.

[530] D. Person, Varieties.

[531] All the Year Round, vol. iii. 1870.

[532] Cockayne, vol. ii. p. 335.

[533] Crooke, p. 199.

[534] Campbell, Spirit Basis of Custom and Belief, p. 208.

[535] Times’ Whistle.

[536] FrÄulein Helene Raff.

[537] Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft, edited by the Rev. Oswald Cockayne.

[538] ArchÆologia, vol. xxx. p. 427. 1844.

[539] Celtic Magazine, vol. viii. p. 252.

[540] William G. Black, Folk-Medicine.

[541] Social Life in Scotland, vol. iii. p. 227.

[542] C. G. Leland, Gypsy Sorcery.

[543] Das Kloster, Band xii. p. 771; Thorpe’s Northern Mythology, vol. i. p. 227; Grimm’s Teutonic Mythology, vol. i. pp. 272 et seq.

[544] Gerald Massey, Luniolatry, p. 17.

[545] J. B. Salgues, Des erreurs et des prÉjuges.

[546] Zeitschrift des Vereins fÜr Volkskunde, vol. iv. p. 250. 1894.

[547] Boston Transcript, December 30, 1897.

[548] Surgeon-General Edward Balfour, The EncyclopÆdia of India.

[549] Journal of American Folk-Lore, No. 17. April, 1892.

[550] Brewers’ Dictionary of Phrase and Fable.

[551] The Century Dictionary.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

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