+To the Teacher+.—For additional exercises in composition, see Notes, pp. 176-180.

Change the following simple sentences into complex sentences by expanding the phrases into adjective clauses.

+Model+.—People living in glass houses shouldn't throw stones.
People who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones.

Those living in the Arctic regions need much oily food.
A house built upon the rock will stand.
The boy of studious habits will always have his lesson.
Wellington was a man of iron will.

Change the following complex sentences into simple sentences by contracting the adjective clauses into phrases.

Much of the cotton which is raised in the Gulf States is exported.
The house which was built upon the sand fell.
A thing which is beautiful is a joy forever.
Aaron Burr was a man who had fascinating manners.

Change the following simple sentences into complex sentences by expanding the phrases into adverb clauses.

+Model+.—Birds return in the spring.
When spring comes, the birds return.

The dog came at call. In old age our senses fail.

Change the following complex sentences into simple sentences by contracting the adverb clauses into phrases.

The ship started when the tide was at flood.
When he reached the middle of his speech, he stopped.

By supplying noun clauses, make complete sentences out of the following expressions.

—— is a well-known fact.
The fact was ——.
Ben. Franklin said ——.