Y consonant corresponds to A. S. G before a vowel. This has generally in S. been printed ?, from the resemblance of the A. S. letter to the form of the Roman ?, although there is not the least affinity as to power.

This, I apprehend, must be ascribed to the inaccuracy, or to the ignorance of the writers or copyists of MSS., who, misled by the very near resemblance of the letters, substituted the long z, or ?, for the A. S. g.

In the south of S., y consonant is prefixed to a variety of words which are elsewhere pronounced without it; as, yaik for ache, yield, age, for eild, &c.

YA, YHA, adv. Yea, yes, Moray.
Barbour.

Moes. G. ja, jai, Su. G. ja, A. S. ia, ya, id.

To YABBLE, v. n. To gabble, Fife.

YAD, s. A piece of bad coal, which becomes a white ashy lump in the fire, Fife; gaist, synon.

YAD, YADE, YAUD, s. Properly, an old mare, S.; E. jade, a worn-out horse. A. Bor. yaud.
Dunbar.

Isl. jad, or jada, denotes the failure of the teeth.

Yad-skyvar, s. Apparently, one who drives an old mare.
Dunbar.

Yad, and perh. Su. G. skiufwa, to drive.

To YAFF, v. n.
1. To bark; properly denoting the noise made by a small dog, to yelp, S.
A. Scott.
2. To prate, to talk pertly; used as expressive of contempt, S.

A. S. gealp-an, exclamare, gloriari; Isl. gialf-ra, incondita loqui.

To YAIK, YAICK, v. n. To ache, S. A.
L. Scotland.

To YAIK, v. n. To quiver, to shake.
Burel.

YAIR, YAIRE, YARE, s.
1. An inclosure, stretching into a tideway, for the purpose of detaining the fish when the tide ebbs, S.
Stat. Rob. I.
2. A sort of scaffolding, which juts out into a river or frith in a straight line, S.
Stat. Acc.

A. S. waer, wer, piscina, septum; Su. G. fisk-gaerd, id.

Yair-net, Yare-net, s. A long net extending into the bed of a river inclined upwards, and fixed by poles, S. B.
Law Case.

YAKEE, s. A double tooth, whether in man or beast, Orkney.

Isl. iaxl, dens molaris.

To YALD, v. a. To yield; pret. yald.
Douglas.

Isl. gialld-a, retribuere, luere.

YALD, YAULD, adj.
1. Sprightly, alert; active, vigorous, S. A. Loth.

Isl. gilld-r expresses the same idea; viribus et virtute praestans.

2. Niggardly, parsimonious, Galloway.

YALLOCH, s. A shout, a shrill cry; the act of yelling. S. also yalloch.
Doug.

Su. G. gal-a, to cry; gell-a, to resound.

To YAMER, YAMMER, YAWMER, v. n.
1. To shriek, to yell.
Douglas.
2. Now generally used, as signifying, to fret, to whine, to whimper. S.

Germ. jammer-en, plangere; A. S. geomr-ian, geomer-ian, to grumble.

Yamer, Yawmer, s. A cry, a yell.
Dunbar.

Yamering, s. A continued whining, S.

To YAMPH, YAMF, v. n. To bark, S.
Ramsay.

Isl. gamb-r, gannitus; gamb-ra, gannire.

YAPE, YAP, YAIP, adj.
1. Having a keen appetite for food, S.
Ross.
2. Eager, having an earnest desire for any thing, S.
Henrysone.
3. Forward, S. B.
Skinner.

Isl. gypa, vorax, from gap-a, hiare.

To Yape, v. n. To be hungry.
Ramsay.
Yaply, adv. Keenly, with a sharp appetite, S.
Ross.

YARD, YAIRD, s. A garden; properly of pot-herbs; also called a kail-yard, S.
Douglas.

A. S. geard, Su. G. gaerd, Belg. gaarde, sepes, area clausa.

YARE, YHAR, YORE, adj. Ready, alert, in a state of preparation, S. B. O. E.
Barbour.

It is evidently the same with Gare, q. v.

YARE, s. A wear, for catching fish.
V. Yair.

To YARK, v. a. To beat.
V. Yerk.

YARNE, YERNE, adv. Eagerly, diligently.
Barbour.

A. S. georne, georn, studious, careful, earnest; Su. G. gerna, libenter.

YARNETS, s. pl. An instrument for winding yarn, S.

YARPHA, s.
1. Peat full of fibres and roots, Orkn.
2. Peat combined with clay or sand; a denomination of soil, Orkn.
Barry.

Isl. joerfi, lutum; Norw. joerme, black marshy earth, by the common change of f into m. V. Haldorson. Isl. jarp-ur, black, dark-coloured, seems to be the root.

YARR, s. Spurrey; a weed found in poor land, S.

YARRING, adj. Snarling, captious, troublesome.
V. Yirr.
Gl. Shirr.

To YARROW, v. a. To earn, to gain by industry, S. B.

A. S. gearw-ian, to prepare; Su. G. garfw-a, gora, id.

YAAVE, s. Awe, Banffs.

YAVIL, adj. Flat, Aberd.
V. Auale, Awail, and Awalt.
Journ. Lond.

YAUD. Far yaud, the signal made by a shepherd to his dog, when he is to drive away some sheep at a distance.
Minstr. Bord.

A. S. eode, ivit, from gan, ire; or from gath, accede.

To YAUL, v. n. To yell.
V. Yalloch.
Sir Gawan.

YAULD, adj. Alert, &c.
V. Yald.

To YAUP, v. n.
1. To yelp, S.
2. Denoting the incessant crying of birds, S. A.
Gl. Sibb.

Teut. galp-en, gannire instar vulpis.

YAWS, s. pl. Apparently the disorder called Syphilis; also Sivvens, Orkn. Galloway.

YAXE, s. An axe, Buchan.

YE, YIE, (corr. printed zei.)

This seems to have originated from an imitation of the liquid sound used in Fr., in consequence of g preceding n; or, where this was not the case, in consequence of the S. noun following the form of the verb which retained the sound of the Fr. infinitive or participle; as, en-chainer, en-chainÉ; whence S. chenyie.

YEABLES, adv. Perhaps, Loth. Border; yeablesea, A. Bor.
V. Able.

YEALD, adj. Barren.
V. Yeld.

To YED, v. n. To contend, to wrangle, Loth. Isl. odd-a, ydd-a, excerto.
Ramsay.

Yed, s. Strife, contention, Loth.
Ramsay.

Yealings.
V. Yieldins.

YEDDLE, adj. Thick, muddy; applied to water, Loth.
V. Adill.

YEDE, YEID, YHED, YHUDE, YOWDE, pret. v. Went. Yede is still used in Ang., gaid, S.
Barbour.

Norm. Sax. gede, A. S. geode, Moes. G. idd-ja, Isl. od, ibat.

YIEL, s. (Printed zeil.)
Bellenden.

Apparently the same with next word.

YIELD, s.
1. Recompence, or rather compensation.
Priests Peblis.
2. A subsidy.
Acts Ja. I.

A. S. geld, gild, a tax, tribute; from geld-an, gild-an, to pay.

YIELDINS, YEALINS, s. pl. Persons who are coeval, S.
V. Eildins.

YEILL, s. "Age."
V. Eild.
Douglas.

It may, however, be the same with yeil, q. return.

To YEISK, YESK, YISK, v. n.
1. To hiccup, S.
Douglas.
2. To belch; S. B. eesk.
Douglas.

A. S. geocsa, singultus; Germ. gax-en, gix-en, singultire.

Yeisk, Yesk, s. A single affection of hiccup, S. eesk, S. B.

YELD, YEALD, YELL, EILD, adj.
1. Barren, S.; yell, eill, Border. A. Bor. yell.
Montgomerie.
2. A cow, although with calf, is said to gang yeld, when her milk dries up, S. B.
A yeld nurse, a dry nurse.
Stat. Acc.
3. Denoting cattle or sheep that are too young to bear, Dumfr.
4. Applied metaph. to broth without meat.
Kelly.

Isl. gelld, gall, infaecundus, effaetus; Dan. gald, Su. G. gall, id. galko, vacca sterilis.

YELDRING, YELDRIN, s. A yellow-hammer, S. tautologically yellow-yeldrin, also yellow-yite.
Sibbald.

A. S. geole, yellow, and ring; perh. from the yellow ring, which at least partly adorns the neck of this bird.

To YELL, v. n. To roll, a term applied to a ship. Yawl, E.
Mellvill's MS.

YELLY, YEALTOU, used as an interj. expressive of surprise, S. B.
Yelly, yea will ye? yealtou, yea wilt thou?
Shirrefs.

To YELLOCH, v. n. To scream, to shriek, S. B. Fife.
Gl. Shirr.

Yelloch, Yellough, s. A yell, S.
Cleland.

Yellowchin, s. Yelling, S.
Ferguson.

YELLOW GOWAN, the name given in S. to different species of the ranunculus.
V. Gowan.

To YEME, YHEME, YYM, v. a. To keep, to take care of.
Barbour.

A. S. gem-an, gym-an, to take care of, to keep; Isl. geym-a, animum attendere, custodire.

Yemar, Yhemar, s. A keeper, one who has any object in charge.
Barbour.

Yemsell, Yhemsell, s.
1. The act of keeping, custody.
Skene.
2. Used nearly in the same sense with E. wardship, guardianship, tutorage.
Barbour.

Isl. geimsla, Su. G. goemsel, custodia.

YERD, YERTH, s. Earth, soil.
V. Erd.

Also,

To Yerd, to bury.
V. Erd, v.

Yerd-fast, adj. Firmly fastened in the ground, S.
Poems Buch. Dial.

A. S. earde-faest, settled, grounded, Isl. iardfastr stein, saxum in terra immotum.

Yerd-meal, s. Earth-mould, church-yard dust, Aberd.
Gl. Shirr.

YERE, adv. Certainly. To yere, too surely, or truly.
Douglas.

A. S. geare, gere, certo.

YERESTRENE, s. The night before last, S. A.
V. Here-yestreen; also Here-yesterday.
Gl. Sibb.

To YERK, v. a. To bind tightly, as with a small cord, S.
Gl. Sibb.

A. S. gearc-ian, parare.

To YERK, v. n.
1. To be in a state of fermentation, a term applied to beer, Ang.

Germ. gaer-a, Su. G. goer-a, effervescere.

2. To do any thing with agility, S. B.
Gl. Shirr.
3. To be busy, or keenly engaged, applied to the mind.
Kelly.

Su. G. yrk-a, postulare, insistere.

To YERK, YARK, v. a. To beat, to strike smartly, S. jerk, E.
Ferguson.

Isl. hreck-ia, to beat, pulsare; jarke, pes feriens.

Yerk, s. A smart blow, a jerk, S.

YERN-BLITER, s. The name given to the snipe. S. B., sometimes pron. yern-bluter.
Journ. Lond.

To YESK, v. n. To hiccup. S.
V. Yeisk.

To YESTER, v. a. To discompose, to disturb. Ang.

Su. G. yster, ferox, or A. S. ge-styr-an, turbare.

YESTREEN, YISTRENE, s. Yesternight.
V. Here-yesterday.
Douglas.

YET, YETT, YHATE, s. A gate, S.

A. Bor. yete.

Wallace.

Yet chekis, door-posts.
Douglas.

A. S. geat, O. Belg. gat, id. Su. G. gaatt, postis januae.

To YET, YETT, YYT, v. a.
1. To pour, S. yet, yett, poured.
Douglas.

Belg. giet-en, A. S. geot-an, Isl. Su. G. giut-a, fundere.

2. To cast metals.
Yyt, molten, cast.

Yetland, Yettlin, adj. Of or belonging to cast iron, S.
Stat. Acc.

Yettlin, s. Cast metal, S.

Su. G. giuta en klocka, to cast a bell; giuta stycken, to cast guns; Teut. ghiet-en, id.

YETHER, s. The mark left by tight binding, as with a small cord. Border; allied perhaps to A. Bor. yeather, a flexible twig, used for binding hedges; Grose.

To YETT, v. a. To fasten in the firmest manner, to rivet, Loth.

Isl. gat-a, perforare.

YEVERY, adj. Greedy, voracious.
Bellenden.

A. S. gifer, gifra, gifre, avidus, vorax, rapax, gulosus; gifer, a glutton.

To YHARN, v. a. Eagerly to desire.
Barbour.

Moes. G. gairn-an, A. S. georn-ian, gyrn-an, desiderare, cupere.

Yharne, Yherne, adj. Eager, keen.
Wyntown.

YHEMAR, s. A keeper.
V. Yemar.

YHEMSEL, s. Custody.
V. Yemsel.

YHIS, adv. Yes.
Barbour.

A. S. gese, gise, gyse, immo, etiam.

YHUDE, pret. Went.
V. Yede.

YHULL, s. Christmas.
V. Yule.

YHUMAN, YUMAN, YOMAN, YEOMAN, s.
1. A person of inferior station; as, a husbandman or farmer.
Reg. Maj.

Teut. ghe-meyn, A. S. geman, communis, vulgaris.

2. It seems to signify a farmer's servant.
Barbour.
3. A peasant or inhabitant of the country employed as a foot-soldier.
Barb.
4. A soldier on horseback.
Wallace.

Yhumanry, s. The peasantry armed as foot soldiers.
Barbour.

YIE, term (printed Zie).
V. Ye.

YIELD OF THE DAY, the influence of the sun; also the height of the day, Ang.

From E. yield, as denoting that the frost gives way.

YILL, s. Ale, S. O. and A.
Burns.

A. S. eale, id.

Yill-wife, s. A woman who brews and sells ale, S.
Gl. Sibb.

To Yill, v. a. To entertain with ale, a term commonly used by the vulgar, S. O. to denote one special mode in which a lover entertains his Dulcinea at a fair or market.

YIM, s. A particle, an atom; the smallest portion of any thing, Ang.; at times pron. as if nyim; perhaps q. ane yim.

Su. G. em, im, ime, vapour; Isl. hiÓm, the most minute object.

To YYM, v. a. To keep.

Yimmit, kept.
V. Yeme.

YING, YYNG, adj. Young.

O. E. id.

Douglas.

YIRDIN, s. Thunder, S. B.
V. Erddyn.

To YIRM, v. n.
1. To whine, to complain, S.
2. To ask in a querulous tone; implying the idea of continuation, S.

Isl. harm-a, lugeo, plango; harm-r, luctus; G. Andr. p. 107. Jarm-a, balare, jarm-r, lamentatio.

To YYRNE, v. n. To coagulate, to curdle.
V. Earn.
Bannatyne P.

To YIRR, v. n. To snarl, to growl as a dog, S. yarr, E.

Isl. verr-a, id. whence verre, a dog; Lat. hirrire.

To YISK, v. n. To hiccup.
V. Yeisk.

YISTRENE, s. Yesternight.
V. Yestrene.

YYT, part. pa. Molten, cast.
V. Yet, v.

YIWYN. Perh. for ewyn, even.
Barbour.

* To YOKE, v. n. To engage with another in a dispute, in a quarrel, or in warfare, S.
Baillie.

YOLDYN, YOUDEN, pret. v. Yielded, surrendered.
Barbour.

YOLK, s. A round, opaque and radiated crystallization in window-glass, in consequence of being too slowly cooled, S.; probably denominated from its supposed resemblance of the yolk of an egg.

To YOLL, v. a. To strike; as, to yoll with an axe, S. B.

To YOMER, v. n. To shriek.
V. Yamer, v.
Sir Gawan.

YONT, prep. Beyond.
V. Yound.

YORE, adj. Ready, alert.
V. Yare.

YOUDEN, part. pa.
V. Yoldyn.

YOUDEN-DRIFT, s. Snow driven by the wind, S. B.
Morison.

Perh. from yolden, or youden, the old part. pa. of yield, q. snow which is driven as yielding to the force of the wind.

YOUDITH, s. Youth, S. A.
V. Youth-heid.
Ramsay.

To YOUF, YUFF, v. n. To bark, S.
V. Wouff.
Ferguson.

YOUFF, YOWFF, s. A swinging blow, Loth. the same with Gouff.
Ramsay.

To YOUK, YUKE, YUCK, v. n. To itch, to be itchy, S.
Hamilton.

Germ. juck-en, Belg. jeuck-en, id. prurire.

Youk, Yeuk, Yuke, Yuck, s.
1. The itch, S.
Ramsay.
2. Itchiness; without any relation to the cutaneous disease denominated the itch, S.

Youky, adj.
1. Itchy, S.
Davidson.
2. Metaph. eager, anxious.
Ramsay.

To YOUL, YOULE, v. n. To howl, to yell, S. A. Bor.
V. Goul, v.
Douglas.

Youl, Yowl, s. A yell, the act of howling, S.
Dunbar.

YOULRING, s. A yellow-hammer.
V. Yeldrin.

YOUND, adj. Opposite, what is on the other side, S. yont.
Douglas.

A. S. geond, illuc, ultra.

Yont, adv. Farther, S.

Yontermost, adv. Still farther, Fife.

From yonder, S. yonter, and mair, more.

YOUP, s. A scream.
V. Yout, s.

YOUSTIR, YOUSTER, s. Putrid matter, corrupt blood.
Douglas.

A. S. geolster, virus, sanies; geolstru, virulentus.

To YOUT, v. n. To cry, to roar, S. B.
Houlate.

Teut. iuyt-en, iuycht-en, jubilare, vociferari.

Yout, Yowt, s. A cry, a scream, S. B. youp, synon.
Lyndsay.

YOUTHEID, YHOUTHADE, YOWTHHEID, s. Youth.
Wyntown.

A. S. geogeth-had, the state of being young.

YOUTHIR OF THE SOD, the red ashes of turf, Ang.

YOW, YOUE, s. A ewe.
Complaynt S.

A. S. eowu, Belg. oye, ouwe, id.

YOWDE, pret. Went.
V. Yede.

YUIK, s. Itchiness.
V. Youk.
G. Buchanan.

To YUKE, v. n. To be itchy.
V. Youk.

YULE, YHULE, YUYLL, s. The name given to Christmas, S. A. Bor.
Wynt.

Su. G. jul, Dan. jule, juledag, Isl. jol, A. S. geola, gehul, id.

This name was originally given to the great annual feast, celebrated among the northern nations, at the time of the winter solstice, in honour of the Sun. Hence Odin was denominated Julvatter, or the Father of Yule.

Many conjectures have been formed as to the origin of the name. The most probable are, that it is from Su. G. j demonstrative, like A. S. ge, and oel, commessatio, q. the feast; or from Isl. Su. G. hwel, hiul, a wheel, in reference to the retrogradation of the sun; or from Moes. G. uil, Arm. hiaul, Gr. ??-???, the name of this luminary.

To Yule, Yool, v. n. To observe Christmas, especially as regarding the festivities of this season.
Spalding.

Yule-e'en, Yhule-ewyn, s. The night preceding Christmas, the wake of Yule, S.
Barbour.

YUMAN, YUMANRY.
V. Yhuman.

---