  BAACH, a. Ungrateful to the taste.
Fr. bas-piece, base or billon money. BABIE-PICKLE, s. The small grain, which lies in the bosom of a larger one, at the top of a stalk of oats, S. BACHLANE; To Bachle. BACK, s. An instrument for toasting bread above the fire, made of pot-metal, S. Germ. backen, to bake. BACK, s. A large vat used for cooling liquors, S. Belg. bak, a trough. BACK, BACKING, s. A body of followers, or supporters, S. BACK-BREAD, s. A kneading-trough, S. BACK-CAST, s. A relapse into trouble, or that which is the occasion of it, S. BACK-CAW, s. The same as Back-cast, S. BACKE, s. The bat. BACKINGS, s. pl. Refuse of wool or flax, used for coarser stuffs, S. Swed. bakla lin, to dress flax. BACKLINS, s. Backwards; as, To gae backlins, to go with the face turned opposite to the course one takes, S. BACK-SEY, s. BACK-SET, s. Eng. back and set. BACKSPANG, s. A trick, or legal quirk, by which one takes the advantage of another, after every thing seemed to have been settled in a bargain, S. Back and spang, to spring. To BACK-SPEIR, v. a. Back and speir, to examine. V. Spere, v. BACK-SPEIRER, BACK-SPEARER, s. A cross-examinator, S. BACK-SPRENT, s. The back-bone, S. Back, and S. sprent, a spring. BADE, pret. of Bide, q. v.
BADDERLOCK, BADDERLOCKS, s. A species of eatable fucus, S. BADDOCK, s. Apparently the coal fish, or Gadus carbonarius, Aberd. BADDORDS, s. pl. Low raillery. BADLYNG, s. A low scoundrel. Franc. baudeling, a cottager. BADNYSTIE, s. Silly stuff. Fr. badinage, id. BADOCH, s. A marine bird of a black colour. BADRANS, BATHRONS, s. A designation for a cat, S. To BAE, v. n. To bleat, S. BAE, s. The sound emitted in bleating, S. Fr. bee, id. To BAFF, v. a. To beat. S. BAGENIN, s. Indelicate toying, Fife. BAGATY, BAGGETY, s. The female of the lump, or sea-owl, a fish, S. BAG-RAPE, s. A rope of straw, used in fastening the thatch of a roof, Ang. BAGREL, s. A child, Dumfr. Su. G. bagge, puer. BAY, s. The sound caused by the notes of birds. BAICH, BAICHIE, s. A child, Perths. C. B. bachgen, Teut. bagh, puer. Polwart. To BAICHIE, v. n. To cough, S. B. Sw. paak, a stake. S. Prov. BAIKIE, BACKET, s. A square wooden vessel, for carrying coals to the fire, S.
A. S. bael, Su. G. baal, a funeral pile, Isl. baal, a strong fire. BAYLE-FYRE, s. A bonfire. A. S. bael-fyr, the fire of a funeral pile. BAILCH, s. A very lusty person, S. B. V. Belch. Ross. BAILLE, s. A mistress. Fr. belle, id. BAILLIE, BAILIE, s. Fr. baillie, an officer, L. B. baliv-us. BAILLIERIE, s. BAYNE, BANE, adj. Isl. bein-a, expedire. BAYNLY, adv. Readily, cheerfully. BAYNE, "Forte, a kind of fur," Rudd.
A. S. bar, Germ. baer, Lat. verr-es, id.
C. B. bardh, Gael. Ir. bard. BAIRMAN, s. A bankrupt. E. bare, nudatus.
Moes. G. barn, a child, from bair-an, ferre, gignere, A. S. bearn. BAIRNHEID, BARNEHEID, s. BAYRNIS-BED, s. The matrix. BAIRNLY, adj. Childish, S. Sw. barnslig, puerilis. BAIRNLINESS, s. Childishness, S. BAIRN-TYME, BARNE-TEME, s. Brood of children, S. A. S. bearn-team, liberorum sobolis procreatio. BAIRNS-PART of Gear, that part of a father's personal estate to which his children are entitled to succeed, and of which he cannot deprive them by any testament, or other gratuitous deed to take effect after his death, S. BAIRNS-PLAY, s. The sport of children, S. BAIRNS-WOMAN, s. A dry nurse, S. BAIS, adj. Having a deep or hoarse sound. Fr. bas, E. base. Douglas. BAISDLIE, adv. In a state of stupefaction. BAISE, s. Haste, expedition, S. B. Su. G. bas-a, citato gradu ire. To BAISS, v. a. To sew slightly, S. Fr. bast-ir, E. baste. To Isl. beyst-a, ferire. BAIST, s. One who is struck by others, especially in the sports of children, S. B. BAISTIN, s. A drubbing, S. BAIT, s. A boat. To BAYT, v. a. To give food to. Isl. beit-a, to drive cattle to pasture, beit pasture. To BAYT, v. n. To feed. Isl. beitinn, fit for pasture. BAIVEE, s. A species of whiting.
Su. G. nattbacka, id. BAKE, s. A small cake, a biscuit, S. BAKGARD, s. A rear-guard. BAKIE, s. The black-headed gull, Orkn. BAKIE, s. The name given to one kind of peat, S. E. bake, to knead. BAKIE, s. A stake. BAKIN-LOTCH, s. A species of bread.
A. S. baecestre, a woman-baker. BAL, BALL, the initial syllable of a great many names of places in Scotland. Ir. Gael. baile, ball, a place or town; Su. G. Isl. bol, id. domicilium, sedes, villa, from bo, bo-a, bu-a, to dwell, to inhabit. BALAS, s. A sort of precious stone, said to be brought from Balassia in India. Fr. balais, bastard ruby. Isl. bolyxe, Su. G. baalyxa, a large axe. BALBEIS, s. pl. Halfpence. BALD, BAULD, adj. A. S. bald, beald, Su. G. Alem. Germ. bald, audax. To BALD, v. a. To embolden. BALDERRY, s. Female-handed orchis, a plant, S. BALK and BURRAL, a ridge raised very high by the plough, and a barren space of nearly the same extent, alternately, S. B. BALDERDASH, s. Foolish and noisy talk, S. Isl. bulldur, stultorum balbuties.
Isl. Su. G. baelg, Germ. balg, a skin. BALYE, s. A space on the outside of the ditch of a fortification, commonly surrounded by strong palisades. Fr. bayle, a barricado, L. B. ball-ium. BALLANT-BODDICE, s. Boddice made of leather, anciently worn by ladies in Scotland, S. B. BALLINGAR, BALLINGERE, s. A kind of ship. Fr. ballinjier. Wallace.
Fr. bas, lÀ le loup, "be still, the wolf is coming." BAMULLO, BOMULLOCH, To gar one lauch, sing or dance Bamullo, to make one change one's mirth into sorrow, Ang. Perths. C. B. bw terror, Gael. mula, mullach, gloomy brows, q. "the spectre with the dark eye-brows." BANCHIS, s. pl. Deeds of settlement. Ital. banco, a bank. Dunbar. Teut. banckwerc, tapestry; Fr. banquier, a bench-cloth. To BAN, BANN, v. n. Often applied in S., although improperly, to those irreverent exclamations which many use in conversation, as distinguished from cursing. BAND (To take), to unite; a phrase borrowed from architecture. BAND, s. Bond, obligation, S. BAND of a hill. The top or summit. Germ. bann, summitas, Gael. ben. BANDKYN, s. A cloth, the warp of which is thread of gold, and the woof silk, adorned with figures. L. B. bandequin-us. BANDOUNE, BANDOWN, s. Command, orders. Germ. band, a standard. BANDOUNLY, adv. Firmly, courageously. BANDSTER, BANSTER, s. One who binds sheaves after the reapers in the harvest-field, S. A. S. Germ. band, vinculum. BANE, s. Bone, S. A. S. ban, Alem. bein, id. BANE, King of Bane, the same with King of the Bean, a character in the Christmas gambols. This designation is given to the person who is so fortunate as to receive that part of a divided cake which has a bean in it; Rex fabae. BANE-FYER, s. A bonfire, S. Apparently corrupted from Bail-fire. BANEOUR, BANNEOURE, s. A standard-bearer. BANERER, s. Properly, one who exhibits his own distinctive standard in the field, q. "the lord of a standard." Teut. bander-heer, baner-heer, baro, satrapa. BANERMAN, s. A standard-bearer. Su. G. banersman, vexillifer. BANES-BRAKIN, s. A bloody quarrel, "the breaking of bones," S. To BANG, v. n. To change place with impetuosity; as, to bang up, to start from one's seat or bed; to bang to the dore, to run hastily to the door, S. Su. G. baang, tumult, Isl. bang-a, to strike. To BANG out, v. a. To draw out hastily, S. BANG, s. To BANG, v. n. To push off with a boat, in salmon-fishing, without having seen any fish in the channel, Aberd. BANGEISTER, BANGSTER, s. Isl. bang-a, to strike, bang-ast, to run on one with violence. BANGSTRIE, s. Strength of hand, violence to another in his person or property. From Bangster. Acts Ja. VI. BANKERS, s. pl. Apparently the same with Bancouris, q. v. BANKROUT, s. A bankrupt. Fr. banquerout, Ital. bancorotto, Teut. banckrote, id.
Ir. boinneog, bunna, Gael. bonnach, a cake. Bear-bannock, s. A cake of this description, baked of barley-meal, S.
BANNOCK-HIVE, s. Corpulence, induced by eating plentifully, S. BANRENTE, s. A banneret. BANSTICKLE, s. The three-spined stickle-back, gasterosteus aculeatus, Linn, S. BANWIN, s. As many reapers as may be served by one bandster, S. Fife, S. A. A. S. band, vinculum, and win, labor. BAP, s. BAR, s. The grain in E. called barley; bar-meal, barley-meal; bar-bread, bar-bannock, &c. S. B. Moes. G. bar, hordeum. BAR, s. A boar. To BAR, v. n. To bar from bourdes, apparently to avoid jesting. Fr. barr-er, to keep at a distance. BARBAR, BARBOUR, adj. Barbarous, savage. Fr. barbare, id. Kennedy. BARBER, s. What is excellent in its kind, a low term, S. Su. G. baer-a, illustrare. BARBLES, s. pl. A species of disease. Fr. barbes, a white excrescence which grows under the tongue of a calf. BARBLYT, part. pa. Barbed. Fr. barbele, id. To BARBULYIE, v. a. To disorder, to trouble, Perths. Fr. barbouillÉ, confusedly jumbled. BARDACH, BARDY, adj. Isl. barda, pugnax, bardagi, Su. G. bardaga, praelium. BARDILY, adv. BARDIE, s. A gelded cat, Ang. BARDIS, s. pl. Trappings. Goth. bard, a pole-ax. BARDYNGIS, s. pl. Trappings of horses. BARDISH, adj. Rude, insolent in language. From bard, S. baird, a minstrel. BARE, adj. Lean, meagre, S. A. S. bare, baer, nudus. To BARGANE, v. n. To fight, to contend. Su. G. baer-ia, beargh-a, ferire, pugnare. BARGANE, s. BARGANER, s. A fighter, a bully. BARGANYNG, s. Fighting. To BARK, v. a. To tan leather, S. Su. G. bark-a, decorticare, barka hudar, coria glabra reddere. BARKER, s. A tanner, S. Dan. barker, id. To BARKEN, v. n. To clot, to become hard; part. pa. barknyt. BARKING and FLEEING, a phrase used to denote one, who, especially from prodigality, is believed to be on the eve of bankruptcy, S. BARLA-BREIKIS, Perh. q. breaking the barley, or parley. BARLA-FUMMIL, BARLA-FUMBLE, An exclamation for a truce by one who has fallen down in wrestling or play. Fr. parlez, foi melez, "let us have a truce, and blend our faith." BARLEY, s. A term used in the games of children, when a truce is demanded, S. Fr. parlez, E. parley. BARLEY-MEN. BARLEY-BOX, s. A small box of a cylindrical form, now made as a toy for children, but formerly used by farmers for carrying samples of barley, or other grain to market, S. BARLICHOOD, s. A fit of ill-humour, especially as the result of intemperance, S. From barley; as expressing the effect of any intoxicating beverage. BARME HORS, A horse without a saddle, Ang. BARMY, adj. From E. barm, yeast. BARMKYN, BERMKYN, s. The rampart or outermost fortification of a castle. Fr. barbacane; or Teut. barm, a mound, with the termination kin.
BARNAT, adj. Native. BARNE, s. The same with Old Fr. barnez, nobility. Wallace. BARNE, s. A child. BARNE, s. Apparently for barme, bosom. BARNS-BREAKING, s. Any mischievous or injurious action; in allusion to the act of breaking up a barn for carrying off corn, S. BARRACE, BARRAS, BARRES, BARROWIS, s. Old Fr. barres, palaestra. BARRAT, s. Su. G. Isl. baratta, praelium. BARRATRIE, s. The crime of clergymen who went abroad to purchase benefices from the see of Rome for money. L. B. baratria, from O. Fr. barat, deceit. BARREL-FERRARIS. BARREL-FEVERS, s. pl. A term used by the vulgar, to denote the disorder produced in the body by intemperate drinking, S. BARRIE, s. A swaddling cloth of flannel, in which the legs of an infant are wrapped for defending them from the cold, S. BARTANE, s. Great Britain. BARTANYE, BERTANYE, s. Britanny. BARTIZAN, BERTISENE, s. A battlement on the top of a house or castle, or around a spire, S. O. Fr. bretesche, wooden towers used for defence, Ital. bertesca. BASE DANCE, A kind of dance, slow and formal in its motions. Fr. basse danse. To BASH, v. a. To beat to sherds, Loth. Su. G. bas-a, to strike. BASH, s. A blow, S. A. To BASH up, v. a. To bow or bend the point of an iron instrument inwards, Loth. BASING, BASSING, s. A bason; pl. basingis. Fr. bassin, id. Bellenden. BASS. Teut. bast, cortex. BASSIE, s. A large wooden dish, used for carrying meal from the girnal to the bakeboard, S. B. Fr. bassin, a bason. BASSIE, s. An old horse, Clydes. Loth. BASSIL, s. A long cannon, or piece of ordnance. Abbrev. from Fr. basilic. BASSIN, adj. Of or belonging to rushes. Teut. biese, juncus, scirpus; L. B. basse, a collar for cart-horses made of flags. BASSNYT, adj. White-faced.
Fr. bastille, a fortress, a castle furnished with towers. BASTILE, BASTEL, s. A fortress, principally meant for securing prisoners, South of S. BASTOUN, s. A heavy staff, a baton. Fr. baston, baton, id. Douglas. BAT, s. A staple, a loop of iron, S. BATAILL, s. Fr. bataille, order of battle; also, a squadron, battalion, or part of an army; deduced from Germ. batt-en, caedere, A. S. beatt-an, id.
A. S. Alem. Isl. and Su. G. bat; C. B. and Ir. bad, cymba. BATHE, BAITH, BAYTH, BAID, adj. Both, S. Baid is the pron. of Angus. Moes. G. ba, bai, bagoth; A. S. ba, buta; Alem. bedia, bedu, beidu; Isl. and Su. G. bade; Dan. baade; Germ. beide; Belg. beyde; ambo. BATIE, BAWTY, s. A name for a dog, without any particular respect to species; generally given, however, to those of a larger size; S. Perhaps from O. Fr. baud, a white hound; baud-ir, to excite dogs to the chace. BATIE, BAWTIE, adj. Round and plump, applied either to man or beast, Clydesd.
From batie a dog, and bum, to make a humming noise. Teut. bommel, a drone. BATS, s. pl. The disease in horses called in E. the bots, S. Teut. botte, papula, a swelling with many reddish pimples that eat and spread; Swed. bett, pediculi, from bit-a, mordere. BATTALLING, BATTELLING, s. A battlement. Fr. bastillÉ, batillÉ, turriculis fastigiatus. BATTAR-AX, s. A battle-ax. Fr. battre, Ital. battar-e, to strike; also, to fight. To BATTER, v. a. To paste, to cause one body to adhere to another by means of a viscous substance, S. BATTER, s. A glutinous substance, used for producing adhesion, paste, S. To BATTER, v. a. To lay a stone so as to make it incline to one side, or to hew it obliquely; a term used in masonry, S. Fr. battre, to beat. BATTILL-GERS. "Thick, rank, like men in order of battle," Rudd. This, however, may be the same with Teut. bottel, and bottel-boom, denote the arbutus, or wild strawberry tree. BATWARD, s. A boatman; literally, a boat-keeper. Isl. bat, cymba, and vard, vigil, Swed. ward, custodia.
Fr. bavard, baveur, a driveller; also, a babbler. BAUBLE, s. A short stick, with a head carved at the end of it like a poupÉe, or doll, carried by the fools of former times. Fr. babiole, a toy, a gewgaw.
Isl. bag-ur, reluctans, renuens; bage, jactura, nocumentum (offals); baga, bardum et insulsum carmen. BAUCHLY, adv. Sorrily, indifferently, S. BAUCHNESS, s. Want, defect of any kind, S. To Isl. backell, luxatus, valgus, shambling, biag-a violare, whence biag-adr luxatus, membrorum valetudine violatus. BAUCHLE, BACHEL, s. BAUGIE, s. An ornament; as, a ring, a bracelet. Teut. bagge gemma; Isl. baug-r; Alem. boug, A. S. beag, Fr. bague, Ital. bagun, annulus. BAUK, BAWK, s. Teut. balck waeghe, a balance. We invert the term, making it weigh-bauks. Germ. balk, Belg. balck, Dan. bielke, a beam.
A. S. and C. B. balc, Su. G. balk, porca, a ridge of land between two furrows; Isl. baulkur, lira in agro, vel alia soli eminentia minor. BAUKIE, s. The razorbill, Alca torda, Orkn.
Su. G. basse, vir potens. To BAW, v. a. To hush, to lull. Fr. bas, low. V. Balow. BAW, s. Corr. from E. ball. BAWAW, s. An oblique look, implying contempt or scorn, S. B. BAWBIE, s. A half-penny. BAWBURD, s. The larboard, or the left side of a ship. Fr. bas-bord; Isl. batforda, id. BAWD, s. A hare, Aberd. A. S. Ir. and Gael, miol denotes a beast of whatever kind, miol bhuide, or boide, is a hare; also patas. BAWD-BREE, s. Hare-soup, Aberd. BAWDEKYN, s. Cloth of gold. Fr. baldachin, baldaquin, baudequin, L. B. baldachinum, tissue de fil d'or. To BAWME, v. a. Fr. em-baum-er. Wyntown.
Hence, it would seem, bassie, an old horse, S. Fr. balzan, balsan, a horse that has a white mark on the feet; deduced from Ital. balzano, and this from Lat. bal-ius, a horse that has a white mark either on the forehead or feet. Germ. blaesse, Su. G. blaes, a white mark on the forehead of a horse. Hence perhaps E. blazon, and blaze. BAWSY-BROWN, s. A hobgoblin; viewed as the same with Robin Goodfellow of England, and Brownie of S. Perhaps from Su. G. basse, vir potens, V. Bausy, or base, spectrum, and brun, fuscus, q. the strong goblin of a brown appearance. BAXTER, s. A baker, S.
Teut. baes-en, delirare; Belg. byse, bysen, turbatus; Su. G. bes-a denotes the state of animals so stung by insects, that they are driven hither and thither; Fr. bez-er, id.
A. S. be, per; de; circa. BE, part. pa. Been. To BEAL. BEANSHAW. To To bear upon, to restrain one's self, S. B. BEAR, BERE, s. Barley, having four rows of grains, S. Hordeum vulgare, Linn. A. S. bere, Moes. G. bar, hordeum. BEAR LAND, land appropriated for a crop of barley, S. BEARIS BEFOR, Ancestors. A translation of Lat. antecessores. BEARANCE, s. Toleration, S. BEAT, s. A stroke, a blow, a contusion, S. B. apparently the same with To BEBBLE, v. a. It seems to be formed from Lat. bibere to drink, in the same manner as bibulus, soaking, drinking, or taking it wet. BECHT, part. pa. Tied; Gl. Rudd. Germ. bieg-en, flectere, is probably the origin. To Isl. beig-a, Germ. bieg-en, to bow. BECK, BEK, s. A curtsy, S. BEDDY, adj. Expressive of a quality in grey-hounds; the sense uncertain. It may signify, attentive to the cry of the huntsman. Fr. baudÉ, "a cry as of hounds, Breton;" Cotgr. It may, however, be the same word which occurs in the S. Prov.; "Breeding wives are ay beddie;" Kelly, p. 75. "Covetous of some silly things," N. In this sense it is probably allied to Isl. beid-a, A. S. bidd-an, Moes. G. bid-jan, Belg. bidd-en, to ask, to supplicate, to solicit. BEDE, pret. Offered; from the v. Bid. Chaucer uses the v. Bede as signifying to offer. A. S. baed, obtulit, from beodan. BEDELUIN, part. pa. Buried, hid under ground. A. S. bedelfen, sepultus, infossus; be-delf-an, circumfodere. BEDENE, BY DENE, adv. As belyve, very similar in sense, is undoubtedly the imperat. of belif-an, q. wait, stay; bedene may have been formed in the same manner, from Germ. bedien-en, to serve, to obey.
Germ. bed-en; Germ. ge-bet, prayer. Hence O. E. bidde, and the phrase, to bidde prayers, to ask, to solicit them. BEDE-HOUSE, s. A term used for an alms-house, S. B.
The origin is A. S. bead, a prayer. Hence, says Verstegan, the name of Beads, "they being made to pray on, and Beadsman." BEDYIT, part. pa. Dipped. A. S. deag-an, tingere. BEDOYF, part. pa. Besmeared, fouled. Su. G. doft, dupt, pulvis; or A. S. bedof-en, submersus, dipped. BEDOWIN, part. pa. Rudd. expl. bedowyne, besmeared, deriving it from Belg. bedauwen, to bedew, or sprinkle. BEDRAL, s. A person who is bedrid. BEDREL, adj. Bedrid, Galloway. Corr. perhaps from A. S. bedrida, id.; Teut. bedder, clinicus, Germ. bed-reise. BEDUNDER'D, part. pa. Stupified, confounded, S. q. having the ear deafened by noise. Su. G. dundr-a, Belg. dender-en, tonare, to thunder. BEE, s. The hollow between the ribs and hip-bone of a horse, S. B. Perhaps from A. S. bige, byge, flexus, angulus, sinus; big-an, byg-ean, flectere, curvare. BEE-ALE, s. A species of beer, or rather mead, made from the refuse of honey; S. B. This in Clydes. is called swats. BEE-BREAD, s. The substance that goes to the formation of bees, S. A. S. beo-bread signifies honeycomb. BE-EAST, Towards the East.
A. S. bilith, bild, Belg. beeld, beld, Sw. bild, imago. To This is undoubtedly from A. S. bens-ian, also written boens-ian, to ask as a suppliant; supplicitor petere, orare; bensiende, supplicans. BEENJIN, improperly written, is expl. "fawning." BEEVIT, part. pa. Perhaps, installed as a knight. A. S. befeht, cinctus, girded, Somn. V. Falow. To It is used more simply, as referring to the act of beating with strokes; applied to metal. Doun Beft signifies, beat down, overthrown. BEFF, BAFF, s. A stroke. BEFORN, prep. Before. A. S. beforan, ante; coram. BEFOROUTH, adv. Before, formerly. BEFT, part. pa. Beaten. To BEGARIE, v. a. This v. has an evident affinity to our Gair, gare, a stripe of cloth, and Gaired, gairy, q. v. The word is immediately allied to Fr. begarr-er, to diversify; begarrÉ, of sundry colours, mingled. BEGAIRIES, s. pl. Stripes or slips of cloth sewed on garments, by way of ornament, such as are now worn in liveries; BEGANE, part. pa. Covered; Gold begane, overlaid with gold. Aurea tecta, Virg. According to Rudd. q. gone over. Chaucer uses the phrase, With gold begon, Rom. Rose, 943., "painted over with gold," Tyrwh. To Teut. gheck-en, deridere, ludibrio habere. V. Geck. BEGEIK, BEGINK, BEGUNK, s. BEGES, BEGESS, adv. By chance, at random. From be, by, and gess, guess, Belg. ghisse. BEGGER-BOLTS, s. pl. "A sort of darts or missile weapons. The word is used by James VI. in his Battle of Lepanto, to denote the weapons of the forceats, or galley-slaves." Gl. Sibb. Hudson writes beggers' bolts. The word may have originated from contempt of the persons, who used these arms, q. bolts of beggars. BEGOUTH, BEGOUDE, pret. Began. A. S. gynn-an, beginn-an, seem to have had their pret. formed like eode, from gan, ire: Beginnan, begeode. BEGRAUIN, part. pa. Buried, interred. A. S. graf-an, fodere; Teut. be-gra-ven, sepelire. BEGRETTE, pret. Saluted. A. S. gret-an, Belg. be-groet-en, salutare. BEGRUTTEN, part. pa. Having the face disfigured with weeping, S. Sw. begratande, bewailing. V. Greit. BEGUILE, s. A deception, trick, the slip; sometimes a disappointment, S. BEGUNKIT, part. adj. Cheated, Clydes. To BEHALD, v. a. Spectat, Virg. A. S. beheald-an. 3. To wait, to delay; q. to look on for a while, S. used both as an active, and as a neuter verb. BEHAUYNGIS, s. pl. Manners, deportment. Mores, Boeth. V. Havings. To BEHECHT, v. n. To promise. Chaucer, behete, A. S. behaet-an, id. R. Glouc. behet; R. Brunne, be-hette, promised. BEHECHT, BEHEST, BEHETE, s. Chaucer, beheste, id. BEHO, BOHO, s. A laughing-stock. "To mak a boho" of any thing, to hold it up to ridicule, S. B. Alem. huohe, ludibrium. To BEHUFE, v. n. To be dependent on. A. S. behof-ian, Belg. behoev-en, to stand in need of, egere, opus habere. Fr. bejaune, a novice, an apprentice, a young beginner in any science, art, or trade. Cotgr. derives bejaune from bec jaulne, literally a yellow beak or bill. Du Cange observes that L. B. bejaunus signifies a young scholar of any university, and bejaunium the festivity that is held on his arrival. The term is thus very emphatic, being primarily used in relation to a bird newly hatched, whose beak is of a deep yellow. To BEJAN, v. a. When a new shearer comes to a harvest-field, he is initiated by being lifted by the arms and legs, and struck down on a stone on his buttocks; Fife. This custom has probably had its origin in some of our universities. It is sometimes called horsing. BEIK, s. A hive of bees. To Belg. baeker-en is used in the same sense; baeker-en een kindt, to warm a child. We say, To beik in the sun; so, Belg. baekeren in de sonne. But our word is more immediately allied to the Scandinavian dialects; Su. G. bak-a, to warm. BEIK, adj. Warm. BEIK, s. Belg. biek, Fr. bec, rostrum. It may be observed that the latter is metaph. applied to a person. V. Bejan. To Belg. buyl-en, protuberare? Ihre derives Su. G. bold, a boil, from Isl. bolg-a, intumescere. BEILIN, s. A suppuration, S.
"Every man bows to the bush he gets bield frae;" S. Prov. Every man pays court to him who gives him protection. 2. Support, stay, means of sustenance, S. A. Bor. beild, id. Beilding also occurs, where it seems doubtful whether buildings or shelter be meant. Isl. baele denotes both a bed or couch, and a cave, a lurking place; cubile, spelunca. It is highly probable, that baele is radically the same with Isl. boele, domicilium, habitatio; from bo, to build, to inhabit. To BEILD, v. a. This verb, it would seem, has been formed from the noun, q. v., or has a common origin with Isl. bael-a, used to denote the act of causing cattle to lie down. BEILDY, adj. Affording shelter. BEILD, adj. Bold. A. S. beald, id. A. S. Alem. belde, audacia. BEILL, s. Perhaps, sorrow, care, q. baill. BEIN, s. Bone, Ang. One is said to be aw frae the bein, all from the bone, when proud, elevated, or highly pleased; in allusion, as would seem, to the fleshy parts rising from the bone, when the body is swollen. BEIN, BEYNE, adj. Beinlier.
O. E. bire, byre, birre. The term, especially as used in the second sense, seems nearly allied to Isl. byre (tempestas), Su. G. boer, the wind; which seem to acknowledge byr-ia, boer-ia, surgere, as their root. To Teut. baeren, beren, is expl. by Kilian; Fremere, sublatÈ et ferociter clamare more ursorum. The learned writer seems thus to view it as a derivative from baere, bere, a bear. BEIRD, s. A bard, a minstrel. BEYRD, pret. Laid on a bere. From A. S. baer, baere, feretrum. BEIRTH, BYRTHE, s. Burden, incumbrance, charge; Gl. Sibb. Dan. byrde, byrth; Isl. byrd; Su. G. boerd-a; Belg. borde, A. S. byrth-in; from Moes. G. bair-an, Su. G. baer-a, to bear. BEIS, v. s. Be, is; third p. sing. subj. S. Here the second pers. is improperly used for the third. A. S. byst, sis; Alem. Franc. bist, es, from bin, sum; Wachter, vo. Bin. BEIS, BEES, One's head is said to be in the bees, when one is confused or stupified with drink or otherwise, S. Teut. bies-en, aestuari, furente impetu agitari; or from the same origin with Bazed, q. v. BEIST, BEISTYN, s. The first milk of a cow after she has calved, S. biestings, E. A. S. beost, byst; Teut. biest, biest melck, id. (colostrum). To A. S. bet-an, ge-bet-an, to mend, to restore to the original state; Belg. boet-en; Isl. bet-a, Su. G. boet-a, id. boet-a klaeder, to repair or mend clothes. A. S. bet-an fyr, corresponds to the S. phrase mentioned above, struere ignem. Bett, part. pa. Supplied. BEIT, s. An addition, a supply, S. B. BEITMISTER, s. That which is used in a strait, for supplying any deficiency; applied either to a person or to a thing; Loth. To BEKE, v. a. To bask. BEKEND, part. Known; S. B. bekent. Germ. bekaunt, id. Teut. be-kennen, to know; A. S. be-cunnan, experiri.
Teut. balgh, the belly; or as it is pron. bailg, Moray, from Su. G. bolg-ia, bulg-ia, to swell. BELD, adj. Bald, without hair on the head, S. Seren. derives it from Isl. bala, planities. With fully as much probability might it be traced to Isl. bael-a, vastare, prosternere, to lay flat. BELD, s. Pattern, model of perfection.
Fr. bail, a guardian. In this sense it is nearly allied to E. bailed, Fr. bailler, to present, to deliver up. As, however, we have the word beild, shelter, protection, beld may possibly belong to a verb corresponding in sense.
The bald coot receives its name from a bald spot on its head. It is vulgarly called bell-kite, S. BELDIT, part. pa. Imaged, formed. Belg. beeld-en, Germ. bild-en, Sw. bild-a, formare, imaginari. A. S. bild, bilith, Germ. Sw. bild, belaete, an image. To BELE, v. s. "To burn, to blaze." This, however, may mean, bellowed, roared, from A. S. bell-an, Su. G. bal-a, id. Chaucer uses belle in the same sense. BELE, s. A fire, a blaze. To BELEIF, v. a. To leave; pret. beleft. A. S. be and leof-an, linquere. Douglas. To A. S. belaew-an, tradere; belaewed, traditus. BELEFE, s. Hope. To BELENE, v. n. To tarry; or perhaps, to recline, to rest. A. S. bilen-ed, inhabited. V. Leind. Or allied to Germ. len-en, recumbere. BELEWYT, imperf. v. Delivered up. BELGHE, s. Eructation, E. belch. BELYVE, BELIFF, BELIUE, BELIFE, adv. Chaucer belive, blive, quickly; Gower, blyve, id. Hickes mentions Franc. belibe, as signifying protinus, confestim; and Junius refers to Norm. Sax. bilive. This is certainly the same word; from Alem. and Franc. belib-an, manere; A. S. belif-an, id. To BELY, v. a. To besiege. TO BELL THE CAT, to contend, with one, especially, of superior rank or power; to withstand him, either by words or actions; to use strong measures, without regard to consequences, S. Fr. Mettre la campane au chat, "to begin a quarrel, to raise a brabble; we say also, in the same sense, to hang the bell about the cat's neck." Cotgr. To BELLER, v. n. To bubble up. Isl. belg-ia, inflare buccas. BELL-PENNY, s. Money laid up, for paying the expence of one's funeral; from the ancient use of the passing-bell. This word is still used in Aberbrothick. BELL-KITE, s. The bald Coot. BELLAN, s. Fight, combat. Lat. bellum. BELLE, s. Bonfire. BELLING, s. The state of desiring the female; a term properly applied to harts. Rudd. derives the phrase from Fr. belier, a ram; but perhaps it is rather from Isl. bael-a, bel-ia, baul-a, Germ. bell-en, mugire, boare. BELLIS, s. pl.
In Su. G. this game is called blind-bock, i. e. blind goat; and in Germ. blinde kuhe, q. blind cow. It is probable, that the term is the same with Billy Blynde, mentioned in the Tales of Wonder, and said to be the name of "a familiar spirit, or good genius." BELLY-FLAUGHT. BELLY-HUDDROUN. BELLY-THRA, s. The colic. A. S. belg, belly, and thra, affliction. This term, I am informed, is still used on the Border. To BELLWAVER, v. n. I am informed, however, that the pronunciation of the term in some places in the west of S. is bullwaver; and that it is primarily applied to a bull when going after the cow, and hence transferred to man, when supposed to be engaged in some amorous pursuit. The origin of the latter part of the v. is obvious; either from E. waver or L. B. wayviare, to stray. Perhaps the allusion may be to a ram or other animal, roaming with a bell hung round its neck. To BELT, v. a. Isl. belt-a, cingere zona. To BELT, v. a. To flog, to scourge, S. To BELT, v. n. To come forward with a sudden spring, S. Isl. bilt-a, bilt-ast, signifies, to tumble headlong. BELT, part. pa. Built. BELTANE, BELTEIN, s. The name of a sort of festival observed on the first day of May, O. S.; hence used to denote the term of Whitsunday. This festival is chiefly celebrated by the cow-herds, who assemble by scores in the fields, to dress a dinner for themselves, of boiled milk and eggs. These dishes they eat with a sort of cakes baked for the occasion, and having small lumps in the form of nipples, raised all over the surface. The cake seems to have been an offering to some Deity in the days of Druidism.—In Ireland, Beltein is celebrated on the 21st June, at the time of the solstice. There, as they make fires on the tops of hills, every member of the family is made to pass through the fire; as they reckon this ceremony necessary to ensure good fortune through the succeeding year.—The Gael. and Ir. word Beal-tine or Beil-tine signifies Bel's Fire; as composed of Baal or Belis, one of the names of the sun in Gaul, and tein signifying fire. Even in Angus a spark of fire is called a tein or teind. BELTH, s. This word may denote a whirlpool or rushing of waters. I am inclined, however, to view it, either as equivalent to belch, only with a change in the termination, metri causa; or as signifying, figure, image, from A. S. bilith, Alem. bilid, bileth, id. To BEMANG, v. a. To hurl, to injure; to overpower, S. B. To Germ. bomm-en, resonare; or A. S. beam, bema, tuba. It is evident that beme is radically the same with bommen, because Germ. bomme, as well as A. S. beam, signifies a trumpet. BEME, s. A trumpet; Bemys, pl. O. E. beem, id. V. the v. BEMYNG, s. Bumming, buzzing.
A But and a Ben, S.; i. e. a house containing two rooms. 2. It is used metaph. to denote intimacy, favour, or honour. Thus it is said of one, who is admitted to great familiarity with another, who either is, or wishes to be thought his superior; He is far ben. "O'er far ben, too intimate or familiar," Gl. Shirr. A. S. binnan, Belg. binnen, intus, (within); binnen-kamer, locus secretior in penetralibus domus; Kilian. Belg. binnen gaan, to go within, S. to gae ben; binnen brengen, to carry within, S. to bring ben. BEN-END, s. BEN-HOUSE, s. The inner or principal apartment, S. BENNER, adj. A comparative formed from ben. Inner, S. B. BENMOST is used as a superlative, signifying innermost. Teut. binnenste is synon. BEN-INNO, prep. Within, beyond, S. B. From ben, q. v. and A. S. inne, or innon, within; Alem. inna; Isl. inne, id. There-ben, adv. Within, in the inner apartment, S.
A. S. bend, baende, Moes. G. bandi, Germ. band, Pers. bend, vinculum. To BEND, v. n. To drink hard; a cant term, S. BEND, s. A pull of liquor, S. BENDER, s. A hard drinker, S. BENE, v. subst. Are. Chaucer, ben, id. from beon, third p. pl. subj. of the A. S. substantive verb. BENE is also used for be.
This is perhaps the most common sense of the term, S. Thus we say, A bene or bein farmer, a wealthy farmer, one who is in easy, or even in affluent circumstances; a bein laird, &c. 2. Warm, genial. In this sense it is applied to a fire, S. Isl. bein-a signifies to prosper, to give success to any undertaking. Bein, as allied to this, signifies hospitable; beine, hospitality, hospitis advenae exhibita beneficentia. G. Andr. mentions the v. beina, as signifying, hospitii beneficia praestare. Beini, hospitality, liberality. BENELY, BEINLY, adv. In the possession of fulness, S. BENE, adv. Well; full bene, full well. This word is most probably from Lat. benÈ, well. BENJEL, s. A heap, a considerable quantity; as "a benjel of coals," when many are laid at once on the fire, S. B. Bensil, however, is used in the same sense in the South and West of S.
Dan. benk, Germ. bank, scamnum; Wachter. BENN, s. A sash.
It is not unlikely that the word was originally bent-sail, as alluding to a vessel driven by the force of the winds. To BENSEL, v. a. To bang, or beat, Gl. Sibb. "Bensel, to beat or bang. Vox rustica, Yorksh." Gl. Grose.
Formed perhaps from A. S. ban, Teut. been, os, and hef, elevatio; q. the swelling of the bone. BENSHIE, BENSHI, s. Expl. "Fairy's wife." It has been observed, that this being, who is still reverenced as the tutelar daemon of ancient Irish families, is of pure Celtic origin, and owes her title to two Gaelic words, Ben and sighean, signifying the head or chief of the fairies. But it seems rather derived from Ir. Gael. ben, bean a woman, said by Obrien to be the root of the Lat. Venus, and sighe, a fairy or hobgoblin. BENT, s. Teut. biendse; Germ. bintz, bins, a rush, juncus, scirpus; a binden, vincire, quia sportas, sellas, fiscellas, et similia ex juncis conteximus; Wachter. BENTY, BENTEY, adj. Covered with bent-grass, S. To BER on hand. BERBER, s. Barberry, a shrub. L. B. berberis, Sw. id. BERE, s. Noise; also, To Bere.
BERE, s. Barley. BERGLE, BERGELL, s. The wrasse, a fish, Orkn. The first syllable of its name is undoubtedly from Isl. berg, a rock. Had it any resemblance to the eel, we might suppose the last from aal, q. the rock eel. BERHEDIS, s. pl. Heads of boars. BERIT, imperf. To BERY, BERYSS, BERISCH, v. a. To inter, to bury. A. S. byrig-an, id. Junius says that A. S. byrig-an is literally, tumulare. It may, however, be supposed that the primitive idea is found in Isl. birg-ia, Franc. berg-an, to cover, to hide, to defend. BERIIS, s. Sepulture. A. S. byrigels, sepultura. Birielis is accordingly used by Wiclif for tombs. BERYNES, BERYNISS, s. Burial, interment. A. S. byrignesse, sepultura. BERY BROUNE, a shade of brown approaching to red. We still say, "as brown as a berry," S. A. S. beria, bacca. BERLE, s. Beryl, a precious stone. From this s. Doug. forms the adj. beriall, shining like beryl. BERLY, adj. Apparently, strong, mighty. This word is the same, I suspect, with E. burly, strong. If berly be the ancient word, either from Germ. bar, vir illustris; or from baer, ursus; especially as Su. G. biorn, id. was metaph. used to denote an illustrious personage. BERN, BERNE, s. A. S. beorne, princeps, homo, Benson; "a prince, a nobleman, a man of honour and dignity," Somner. Bern, as denoting a man, in an honourable sense, may be from A. S. bar, free, or Lat. baro, used by Cicero, as equivalent to a lord or peer of the realm. BERN, s. A barn, a place for laying up and threshing grain. A. S. bern, id. Junius supposes that this is comp. of bere, barley, and ern, place, q. "the place where barley is deposited," Gl. Goth. BERSIS, s. "A species of cannon formerly much used at sea. It resembled the faucon, but was shorter, and of a larger calibre," Gl. Compl. Fr. barce, berche, "the piece of ordnance called a base;" Cotgr. pl. barces, berches. BERTH, s. Apparently, rage. Isl. and Sw. braede, id.
A. S. ge-burthyn in saeca, a burden in a sack; or from ge-beor-a, portare.
This is evidently the same with Brittyn, q. v. BESAND, BEISAND, s. An ancient piece of cold coin, offered by the French kings at the mass of their consecration at Rheims, and called a Bysantine, as the coin of this description was first struck at Byzantium or Constantinople. It is said to have been worth, in French money, fifty pounds Tournois. To BESEIK, v. a. To beseech, to entreat. A. S. be and sec-an, to seek; Belg. ver-soek-en, to solicit, to entreat; Moes. G. sok-jan, to ask, used with respect to prayer. BESY, adj. Busy. A. S. bysi, Belg. besigh, id.; allied perhaps to Teut. byse turbatus, bijs-en, violento impetu agitari. BESYNES, s. Business. BESYNE, BYSENE, BYSIM, s. Expl. "whore, bawd," Gl. Sibb. BESCHACHT, part. pa. To BESLE, or BEZLE, v. n. To talk much at random, to talk inconsiderately and boldly on a subject that one is ignorant of, Ang. Belg. beuzel-en, to trifle, to fable; Teut. beusel-en, nugari. BESLE, BEZLE, s. Idle talking, Ang. Belg. beusel, id.
A. S. besmyt-an, maculare, inquinare; Belg. besmodder-en, Germ. schmader-n, schmatter-n, to stain, S. to smadd, Su. G. smitt-a. BESOUTH, prep. To the southward of. BEST, part. pa. Struck, beaten. BEST, part. pa. Perhaps, fluttering, or shaken. Isl. beyst-i, concutio. BEST, s. "Beast, any animal not human," Gl. Wynt. The term is still used in this general sense, S. pronounced q. baist. S. B. BEST-MAN, s. Brideman; as best-maid is bride-maid; from having the principal offices in waiting on the bride, S. BESTIAL, (off Tre) s. An engine for a siege. It seems uncertain, whether this word be formed from Lat. bestialis, as at first applied to the engines called rams, sows, &c., or from Fr. bastille, a tower; L. B. bastillae. BESTIALITÉ, s. Cattle. L. B. bestialia, pecudes; Fr. bestail. BESTREIK, part. pa. Drawn out; gold bestreik, gold wire or twist. Teut. be-streck-en, extendere. BESTURTED, part. pa. Startled, alarmed, afrighted, S. Germ. besturz-en, to startle; besturzt seyn, to be startled. Ihre views Isl. stird-r, rigid, immoveable, as the root. BESWAKIT, part. pa. Apparently, soaked, drenched. Isl. sock, mergor, saukv-a, mergi. To BESWEIK, v. a. To allure; to beguile; to deceive. A. S. swic-an, beswic-an, Isl. svik-ia. Alem. bisuich-en, Su. G. swik-a, Germ. schwick-en, id. BET, pret. Struck. A. S. beat-an, Su. G. bet-a; tu bete, thou hast struck. BET, BETT, pret. and part. Helped, supplied. BET, part. pa. Built, erected. This is a secondary and oblique sense of the v. Beit, q. v. BET, adj. Better. A. S. bet, Teut. bat, bet, melius, potius, magis; Alem. bas, baz, melior, the compar. of bat, bonus. A. S. bet-an, emendare, and the other synon. verbs in the Northern languages, have been viewed as originating the term. Bet, indeed, seems to be merely the past part., mended, i. e. made better. BETANE, part. pa. Perhaps, inclosed. A. S. betien-en, betyn-an, to inclose, to shut up.
To Hence "the common Scots expression, God I beteach me till," Rudd.; and that used by Ramsay, Betootch-us-to; i. e. Let us commend ourselves to the protection of some superior being. O. E. bitoke, committed; also bitaughten, bitakun, bitauht. A. S. betaec-an, tradere, concedere, assignare, commendare; to deliver, to grant, to assign or appoint, to betake or recommend unto; Somner. Betaehte, tradidit. BETHLERIS. Leg. Bechleris. Bachelors. To BETRUMPE, v. a. To deceive. To BETREYSS, BETRASE, v. a. To betray. Betrasit, Douglas; betraissed, Wallace; betraised, Chaucer; betraist, R. Brunne. Germ. trieg-en, betrieg-en; Fr. trah-ir, id. trahi-son, treason. BETWEESH, prep. Betwixt, S.
It is evidently from the same source with Bavard, adj. q. v. We still say a bevir-horse for a lean horse, or one worn out with age or hard work; S.
This is a derivative from Baff, beff, q. v. BEVEREN, BEVERAND, part. pr. Perhaps from A. S. befer-an, circumdare; or as the same with beverand, which Sibb. renders "shaking, nodding;" deriving it from Teut. bev-en, contremere. This is a provincial E. word. "Bevering, trembling. North." Gl. Grose. BEVIE, (of a fire) s. A term used to denote a great fire; sometimes, bevice, S. Perhaps from E. bavin, "a stick like those bound up in faggots," Johnson. It is thus used in O. E. BEVIE, s. A jog, a push, S. from the same source with BEVIS.
A. S. boga, boh, id. from bug-an, to bend. BEUCHIT, part. pa. (gutt.) Bowed, crooked, S A. S. bug-an, curvare. BEUGH, s. (gutt.) A limb, a leg, Border. Isl. bog, Alem. puac, Germ. bug, id. The term is applied both to man and to other animals. Both Ihre and Wachter view bug-en, to bend, as the origin; as it is by means of its joints that an animal bends itself.
A. S. bug-an, to bow; Teut. boechel, gibbus. Germ. bugel, a dimin. from bug, denoting any thing curved or circular. It is undoubtedly the same word that is now pronounced BEUKE, pret. v. Baked. A. S. boc, pret. of bac-an, pinsere. BEULD, adj. Bow-legged, Ang.; q. beugeld from the same origin with beugle, in Beugle-backed, q. v. BEW, adj. Good, honourable. Bew schyris, or schirris, good Sirs. Fr. beau, good. Douglas. To BEWAVE, BEWAUE, v. a. To cause to wander or waver. A. S. waf-ian, vacillare, fluctuare. BEWIS, BEWYS, s. pl. Boughs. BEWIS, s. pl. Beauties. O. Fr. beau, beauty. Maitland Poems. BEWITH, s. A thing which is employed as a substitute for another, although it should not answer the end so well. From the subst. v. conjoined with the prep., q. what one must submit to for a time. To BEWRY, v. a. To pervert, to distort. Teut. wroegh-en, torquere, angere. BY, prep. By, as thus used, is sometimes directly contrasted with be, as signifying by in the modern sense of the term. This may be viewed as an oblique sense of by as signifying beyond; perhaps in allusion to an arrow that flies wide from the mark. 4. In a way of distinction from, S. BY, adv. When, after; q. by the time that. This idiom is very ancient, Moes. G. Bi the galithun thai brothrjus is; When his brethren were gone up. BY-HAND, adv. Over, S. BY-LYAR, s. A neutral. From the v. To lie by, E. BIAS, a word used as a mark of the superlative degree; bias bonny, very handsome; bias hungry, very hungry, Aberd. BIB, s. A term used to denote the stomach, Ang., borrowed, perhaps, from the use of that small piece of linen, thus denominated, which covers the breast or stomach of a child. BYBILL, s. A large writing, a scroll so extensive that it may be compared to a book. The word occurs in a similar sense in O. E. As used by Chaucer, Tyrwhitt justly renders it "any great book." In the dark ages, when books were scarce, those, which would be most frequently mentioned, would doubtless be the Bible and Breviary. Or, this use of the word may be immediately from L. B. biblus, a book, (Gr. ????), which occurs in this sense from the reign of Charlemagne downwards. BICHMAN, s. Perhaps, for buthman, q. boothman, one who sells goods in a booth. In edit. 1508, it is buthman. BYCHT. BICK, s. A bitch; "the female of the canine kind," S. A. S. bicca, bicce, id.; Isl. bickia, catella. To BICKER, BYKER, v. a. This v., as used in S., does not merely signify, "to fight, to skirmish, to fight off and on," as it is defined in E. dictionaries. It also denotes, C. B. bicre, a battle; "Pers. pykar." id. Gl. Wynt. BICKER, BIKERING, s. BICKER, BIQUOUR, s. A bowl, or dish for containing liquor; properly, one made of wood; S. Germ. becher; Isl. baukur, bikare; Sw. bagare; Dan. begere; Gr. and L. B. e??a??, baccarium; Ital. bicchiere, patera, scyphus. To BID, v. a. This sense is common in O. E. 2. To care for, to value. From the same origin with Bedis, q. v. To An oblique sense of Moes. G. beid-an, A. S. bid-an, expectare. To BIDE be, v. n. To continue in one state, S. BIDINGS, s. pl. Sufferings. BY-EAST, towards the east. BIERDLY, BIERLY, adj. It is viewed as the same with Burdly, q. v. But to me it seems rather to signify, fit, proper, becoming, from Isl. byr-iar, ber, decet, oportet. BIERLING, s. A galley, S. B. BIG, BIGG, s. A particular species of barley, also denominated bear, S. Cumb. id. barley. Isl. bygg, hordeum, Dan. byg, Su. G. biugg, id. To This word occurs in O. E. although not very frequently. A. S. bycg-an, Isl. bygg-ia, Su. G. bygg-a, aedificare, instruere, a frequentative from bo, id.; as it is customary with the Goths thus to augment monosyllables in o; as sugg-a from so, a sow. BIGGAR, s. A builder, one who carries on a building. BIGGING, BYGGYN, BYGGYNGE, s. A building; a house, properly of a larger size, as opposed to a cottage, S. Biggin, a building, Gl. Westmorel. Isl. bigging, structura. This word is used in various senses, S. Biggit land, land where there are houses or buildings, contrasted with one's situation in a solitude, or far from any shelter during a storm, S. BIGGIT, pret. Perhaps, inclined. A. S. byg-an, flectere. King Hart. BIGLY, BYGLY, adj. Commodious, or habitable. From A. S. big-an, habitare, and lic, similis. BIGHTSOM, adj. Implying an easy air, and, at the same time, activity, S. B. Perhaps q. buxom, from A. S. bocsum flexibilis; byg-an, to bend. BIGONET, s. A linen cap or coif. From the same origin with E. biggin, "a kind of coif, or linen-cap for a young child;" Phillips. Fr. beguin. id. BYGANE, BIGANE, BYGONE, adj.
BIGS, Barbour, xix. 392. Pink. ed. Leg. Lugis. BIKE, Isl. biik-ar denotes a hive, alvear; and Teut. bie-bock, bie-buyck, apiarium, alvearium, Kilian. The Isl. word is probably from Su. G. bygg-a, to build, part. pa. bygdt; q. something prepared or built. There seems to be no reason to doubt that the word, as used in sense 2, is the same with that denoting a habitation. For what is a byke or bee-bike, but a building or habitation of bees? BYK, Apparently, an errat. for byt, bite. BYKAT, BEIKAT, s. A male salmon; so called, when come to a certain age, because of the beak which grows in his under jaw; Ang. BILBIE, s. Shelter, residence; Ang. This, I apprehend, is a very ancient word. It may be either from Su. G. byle, habitaculum, and by, pagus, conjoined, as denoting residence in a village; or more simply, from Bolby, villa primaria; from bol, praedium, and by, a village. Thus bolby would signify a village which has a praedium, or territory of its own, annexed to it. BILEFT, pret. Remained, abode. A. S. belif-an, superesse, to remain; Alem. bilib-en, Franc, biliu-en, manere; Schilter. BILGET, adj. Bulged, jutting out. Su. G. bulg-ia, to swell, whence Isl. bylgia, a billow. Or, Isl. eg belge, curvo; belgia huopta, inflare buccas. To BILL, v. a. To register, to record. BILLIE, BILLY, s. 8. Sometimes it signifies a boy, S. B. as synon. with It is probably allied to Su. G. Germ. billig, Belg. billik, equalis; as denoting those that are on a footing as to age, rank, relation, affection, or employment. BILLIT, adj. "Shod with iron," Rudd. Billit ax. This phrase is perhaps merely a circumlocution for the bipennis, or large ax. V. Balax. BILTER, s. A child, Dumfr.; Isl. pilter, puellus. BIN, s. A mountain, S. O. From Gael. ben, id., Lomond bin, being synon. with Benlomond. BIND, BINDE, s. This use of the word is evidently borrowed from the idea of binding a vessel with hoops. BINDLE, s. The cord or rope that binds any thing, whether made of hemp or of straw; S. Su. G. bindel, a headband, a fillet, from bind-as, to bind. Teut. bindel, ligamen. BINDWOOD, s. The vulgar name for ivy, S.; Hedera helix, Linn.; pron. binwud. Denominated, perhaps, from the strong hold that it takes of a wall, a rock, trees, &c. q. the binding wood. It is probably the same which is written benwood. Statist. Acc. BING, s. Dan. bing, Sw. binge, Isl. bing-r, cumulus. To BYNGE, v. n. To cringe. To BINK, v. a. To press down, so as to deprive any thing of its proper shape. It is principally used as to shoes, when, by careless wearing, they are allowed to fall down in the heels; S. O. Teut. bangh-en, premere, in angustum cogere. Sw. bank-a, to beat, seems allied; q. to beat down. BINK, s. BINK, s. A bank, an acclivity, S. B. Wachter observes that Germ. bank, Su. G. baenk, denote any kind of eminence. V. Benk.
BYPTICIT, part. pa. Dipped or dyed. Lat. baptizo. Houlate. I find that Isl. byr, expl. ventus ferens, is deduced from ber-a, ferre; Gl. Edd. Saem.
As bridde is the word used by Chaucer for bird, it is merely the A. S. term for pullus, pullulus. Bird, as applied to a damsel, appears to be the common term used in a metaph. sense. 2. Used, also metaph., to denote the young of quadrupeds, particularly of the fox. BYRD, v. imp. It behoved, it became. A. S. byreth, pertinet. This imp. v. may have been formed from byr-an, ber-an, to carry, or may be viewed as nearly allied to it. Hence bireth, gestavit; Germ. berd, ge-baerd, id., sich berd-en, gestum facere. Su. G. boer-a, debere, pret. borde, anciently boerjade. BIRDING, s. Burden, load. A. S. byrthen, Dan. byrde, id. BIRD-MOUTH'D, adj. Mealy-mouth'd, S. BYRE, s. Cowhouse, S. Byer, id. Cumb. Perhaps allied to Franc. buer, a cottage; byre, Su. G. byr, a village; Germ. bauer, habitaculum, cavea; from Su. G. bo, bu-a, to dwell. Or from Isl. bu, a cow; Gael. bo, id. BIRK, s. Birch, a tree; S. Betula alba, Linn. A. S. birc, Isl. biorki, Teut. berck, id. To BIRK, v. n. To give a tart answer, to converse in a sharp and cutting way; S. A. S. birc-an, beorc-an, to bark, q. of a snarling humour. Hence, BIRKIE, adj. Tart, in speech, S. BIRKY, s. Allied perhaps to Isl. berk-ia, jactare, to boast; or biarg-a, opitulari, q. one able to give assistance. BIRKIN, BIRKEN, adj. Of, or belonging to birch; S. A. S. beorcen, id. To BIRL, In Isl. it is used in the first sense; byrl-a, infundere, miscere potum. In A. S. it occurs in sense third, biril-ian, birl-ian, haurire. Hence byrle, a butler. Isl. byrlar, id. Birle, O. E. has the same signification. To BIRL, v. n. BIRLAW-COURT, also BIRLEY-COURT. BIRLEY-OATS, BARLEY-OATS, s. pl. A species of oats, S. It seems to have received its name from its supposed resemblance to barley. BIRLIE, s. A loaf of bread; S. B. BIRLIN, s. A small vessel used in the Western Islands. Probably of Scandinavian origin, as Sw. bars is a kind of ship; and berling, a boat-staff, Seren. I am informed, however, that in Gael. the word is written bhuirlin. To BIRN, v. a. To burn.
BIRN, s. A burden, S. B. An abbreviation of A. S. byrthen, burden; if not from C. B. biorn, onus, byrnia, onerare; Davies.
A. S. byrn, byrna, Isl. bryn, brynia, Sw. bringa, thorax, lorica, munimentum pectoris; probably from Isl. bringa, pectus. BIRNS, s. pl. Roots, the stronger stems of burnt heath, which remain after the smaller twigs are consumed; S. A. S. byrn, incendium. Pennycuik. BIRR, s. Force. To To Birl, v. n. Birl seems to be a dimin. from the v. Birr, used in the same sense, formed by means of the letter l, a common note of diminution. BIRS, BIRSE, BYRSS, BIRSSIS, s. A. S. byrst, Germ. borst, burst, Su. G. borst, id. Ihre derives it from burr, a thistle. Sw. saettia up borsten, to put one in a rage; borsta sig, to give one's self airs, E. to bristle up. Birssy, adj. To Brise is common in O. E. 2. To push or drive; to birse in, to push in, S. A. S. brys-an, Belg. brys-en; Ir. bris-im; Fr. bris-er, id. BIRSE, BRIZE, s. A bruise, S. To Su. G. brasa, a lively fire; whence Isl. brys, ardent heat, and bryss-a, to act with fervour, ec breiske, torreo, aduro; A. S. brastl, glowing, brastlian, to burn, to make a crackling noise. BIRSLE, BRISSLE, s. A hasty toasting or scorching, S.
Isl. byrd, byrth-ur, byrth-i, Dan. byrde, Su. G. boerd, burden; whence byrding, navis oneraria. The origin is Isl. ber-a, Su. G. baer-a, A. S. ber-an, byr-an, portare. BIRTH, s. A current in the sea, caused by a furious tide, but taking a different course from it, Orkn. Caithn. Isl. byrdia, currere, festinare, Verel.; as apparently signifying a strong current. BY-RUNIS, s. pl. Arrears. This is formed like By-ganes, q. v. BYRUNNING, part. pr. Waved. Moes. G. birinn-an, percurrere. BISHOPRY, s. Episcopacy, government by diocesan bishops. A. S. biscoprice, episcopatus. BISHOP'S FOOT. It is said, The Bishop's foot has been in the broth, when they are singed, S. This phrase seems to have had its origin in times of Popery, when the clergy had such extensive influence, that hardly any thing could be done without their interference. A similar phrase is used A. Bor. "The bishop has set his foot in it, a saying in the North, used for milk that is burnt-to in boiling." BISKET, s. Breast. BISM, BYSYME, BISNE, BISINE, s. Abyss, gulf. Fr. abysme, Gr. a?ss??.
Isl. bismari, besmar, libra, trutina minor; Leg. West Goth. bismare, Su. G. besman; Teut. bosemer, id. stater; Kilian. G. Andr. derives this word from Isl. bes, a part of a pound weight. BISMARE, BISMERE, s. "F. ab A. S. bismer, contumelia, aut bismerian, illudere, dehonorare, polluere," Rudd. BISMER, s. The name given to a species of stickle-back, Orkn.
BYSPRENT, part. pa. Besprinkled, overspread. Belg. besprengh-en, to sprinkle. BISSARTE, BISSETTE, s. A buzzard, a kind of hawk. Germ. busert, Fr. bussart, id. To Belg. bies-en, to hiss like serpents. BISSE, BIZZ, s. A hissing noise, S.
Mr Macpherson, vo. Bysynt, mentions A. S. bysmorfull, horrendus. Isl. bysmarfull has the same sense; bysna, to portend; bysn, a prodigy, grande quod ac ingens, G. Andr. BISTAYD, BISTODE, pret. Perhaps, surrounded. A. S. bestod, circumdedit, from bestand-an, Teut. besteen, circumsistere, circumdare. BYSTOUR, BOYSTURE, s. A term of contempt; the precise meaning of which seems to be lost. Several similar terms occur, as Fr. bistoriÉ, crooked, boister, to limp; bustarin, a great lubber. BIT, s. A vulgar term used for food, S. Although baid be understood of clothing, I suspect that it, as well as bit, originally signified food, from A. S. bead, a table.
A. S. byt, morsus, metaph. used. BYTESCHEIP, s. A contemptuous term, meant as a play on the title of Bishop. BITTILL, s. A beetle, a heavy mallet, especially one used for beating clothes. To BYWAUE, v. a. To cover, to hide, to cloak. A. S. bewoef-an, Moes. G. biwaib-jan, id. To BIZZ, v. n. To hiss. V. Bysse. To BIZZ, BIZZ about, v. n. To be in constant motion, to bustle, S. Su. G. bes-a, a term applied to beasts which, when beset with wasps, drive hither and thither; Teut. bies-en, bys-en, furente ac violento impetu agitari, Kilian.
Su. G. blaa, Isl. bla-r, Germ. blaw, Belg. blauw, Franc. plauu, lividus, glaucus. To BLABBER, BLABER, BLEBER, v. n. To babble, to speak indistinctly. Teut. blabber-en, confuse et inepte garrire, Jun. vo. Blab. Hence, BLABERING, s. Babbling. BLACKAVICED, adj. Dark of the complexion, S. from black and Fr. vis, the visage. BLACK-BOYDS, s. pl. The name given to the fruit of the bramble, West of S. BLACK-BURNING, adj. Used in reference to shame, when it is so great as to produce deep blushing, or to crimson the countenance, S. Su. G. Isl. blygd, shame, blushing; blygd-a, to blush; q. the burning of blushes. BLACK-COCK, s. The Heath-cock, black Game, S. Tetrao tetrix, Linn. V. Penn. Zool. p. 266. Tetrao seu Urogallus minor.—Gallus palustris Scoticus, Gesn. Nostratibus, the Black cock. Sibb. Scot. p. 16. BLACK FISH, fish when they have recently spawned. BLACK-FISHING, s. Fishing for salmon, under night, by means of torches, S. BLACK-FOOT, s. A sort of matchmaker; one who goes between a lover and his mistress, endeavouring to bring the fair one to compliance, S. pronounced black-fit; synon. Mush, q. v. BLACK-HEAD, s. The Powit-gull, Shetl. BLACK-MAIL. BLACK PUDDING. BLACK SPAUL, a disease of cattle, S. BLAD, BLAUD, s. A large piece of any thing, a considerable portion, S. expl. "a flat piece of any thing," Gl. Burns. "A blad of bread," is a large flat piece. "I gat a great blad of Virgil by heart;" I committed to memory a great many verses from Virgil. To ding in blads, to drive in pieces. This word, as perhaps originally applied to food, may be from A. S. blaed, fruit of any kind; blaed, bled, also denoted pot-herbs; Ir. bladh, a part; bladh-am, I break. Blads and dawds, is still the designation given to large leaves of greens boiled whole, in a sort of broth, Aberd. Loth. BLAD, s. A person who is of a soft constitution; whose strength is not in proportion to his size or looks; often applied to a young person, who has become suddenly tall, but is of a relaxed habit, S. B. Allied, perhaps, to A. S. blaed, as denoting, either the boughs or leaves of trees, or growing corn; as both often shoot out so rapidly as to give the idea of weakness; or, to Germ. blode, the original sense of which is, weak, feeble. BLAD, s. A portfolio, S. B. As the E. word is comp. of Fr. porter, to carry, and feuille, a leaf; the S. term has a similar origin, being evidently from Su. G. blad, A. S. blaed, folium. To Germ. blodern is used in the first sense. Es blodert, it storms and snows; also, blat-en, to blow. Isl. blaegt-a indeed signifies, to be moved by the wind, motari aura; O. Fr. plaud-er, to bang, to maul. BLAD, s. A squall; always including the idea of rain, S. A heavy fall of rain is called "a blad of weet," S. B. Bladdy, adj. Inconstant, unsettled; applied to the weather. "A bladdy day," is one alternately fair and foul. BLAD, s. A dirty spot on the cheek, S. perhaps q. the effect of a blow, Gael. blad, however, is synon.
Teut. blaeterije, jactantia, vaniloquentia. BLADDERAND, BLADDRAND BLADE, s. The leaf of a tree, S. A. S. blaed, bled; Su. G. Isl. Belg. blad, Germ. blat, Alem. plat, id.; perhaps the part. pa. of A. S. blew-an, blow-an, florere, to bud, to burgeon; blaewed, q. what is blowed, or shot forth; just as Franc. bluat, flos, is from bly-en, florere. BLADOCH, BLEDOCH, BLADDA, s. Butter-milk, S. B. Ir. bladhach, Gael. blath-ach, id. C. B. blith, milk in general. BLADRY, s. Expl. "trumpery." It may be either the same with Bladarie, or Blaidry, q. v. BLAE, BLAY, s. The rough parts of wood left in consequence of boring or sawing, S. B. Germ. bleh, thin leaves or plates; lamina, bracteola; Wachter. BLAES, s. pl. Apparently, lamina of stone, S.
BLAE-BERRY, s. The Billberry; Vaccinium myrtillus, Linn. Sw. bla-baer, vaccinium, Seren. Isl. blaber, myrtilli; G. Andr. To BLAIDRY, s. Nonsense. BLAIDS, s. pl. A. S. blaedr, Su. G. blaedot, and Germ. blater, denote a pimple, or swelling with many reddish pimples that eat and spread. A. S. blaecth, leprosy. BLAIN, s. A mark left by a wound, the discolouring of the skin after a sore, S. A. S. blegene, Belg. bleyne, pustula. But our term is more closely allied to Isl. blina, which is not only rendered pustula, but also, caesio ex verbere; G. Andr. Germ. blae-en, to swell. BLAIN, s. A blank, a vacancy. Probably a metaph. use of the preceding word. BLAIR, s. That part of flax which is afterwards used in manufacture, properly after it has been steeped, and laid out for being dried; for it is subsequently called lint, S. This in E. is denominated harle. Sw. blaer, hards of flax; but rather from Isl. blaer, aura, because it is thus exposed to the drought. To BLAIR, v. n. To become dry by exposure to the drought, Ang. BLAIRIN, s. The ground appropriated for drying flax, Ang. This term also denotes the ground on which peats are laid out to be dried, ibid. BLAIRAND, part. pr. Roaring, crying. Teut. blaer-en, mugire, Gl. Sibb.
O. E. blade, silly, frivolous; or in the same sense in which we now speak of a blunt reason or excuse. Isl. blaad-ur, blauth-ur, blaud, soft. The word seems to be primarily applied to things which are softened by moisture. Mollis, limosus, maceratus. Hence used to signify what is feminine; as opposed to huat-ar, masculine. It also signifies, timid. Bleyde, softness, fear, shame; hugbleith, softness of mind; Germ. Su. G. blode, Belg. blood, mollis, timidus. BLAIT-MOUIT, adj. Bashful, sheepish, q. ashamed to open one's mouth.
If this be the genuine orthography, perhaps from Teut. blait, vaniloquus; or rather, blait, sheepish, and bomme, tympanum. But it is generally written Batie-bum, q. v. BLAK of the EIE, the apple of the eye, S. BLAN, pret. Caused to cease. It is undoubtedly the pret. of blin; A. S. blan, blann, cessavit. BLANCHART, adj. White. Fr. blanc, blanche, id. The name blanchards is given to a kind of linen cloth the yarn of which has been twice bleached, before it was put into the loom; perhaps immediately from Teut. blancke, id. and aerd, Belg. aardt, nature. V. Art. BLANCIS, s. pl. Ornaments worn by those who represented Moors, in the Pageant exhibited at Edinburgh, A. 1590. If not allied to Fr. blanc, white, it may be a cognate of Germ. Su. G. blaess, Isl. bles, signum album in fronte equi; whence E. blason, S. Bawsand, q. v. BLAND, s. Some honourable piece of dress worn by knights and men of rank. Blanda, according to Bullet, is a robe adorned with purple, a robe worn by grandees. Su. G. blyant, bliant, a kind of precious garment among the ancients, which seems to have been of silk. To BLAND, v. a. To mix, to blend. Su. G. Isl. bland-a, to mix. BLANDED BEAR, barley and common bear mixed, S. From Su. G. bland-a is formed blan-saed, meslin or mixed corn. BLAND, s. A drink used in the Shetland Islands. Isl. blanda, cinnus, mixtura, pro potu, aqua mixto; Su. G. bland dicebatur mel aqua permixtum. To BLANDER, v. a. Perhaps from Isl. bland-a, Dan. bland-er, to mingle, as denoting the blending of truth with falsehood. BLANDIT, part. pa. Flattered, soothed. Fr. blander, to soothe, Lat. blandiri. To BLASH, n. a. To soak, to drench. "To blash one's stomach," to drink too copiously of any weak and diluting liquor; S. Perhaps radically the same with plash, from Germ. platz-en. BLASH, s. A heavy fall of rain; S. BLASHY, adj. Deluging, sweeping away by inundation; S. Blashy, "thin, poor; Northumb." BLASNIT, adj. Perhaps, bare, bald, without hair. Germ. bloss, bare, bloss-en, to make bare; or rather, Teut. bles, calvus, whence blesse, frons capillo nuda. BLASOWNE, s. Germ. blaesse denotes a sign in general. Thence blazon, a term marking that sign, in heraldry, which is peculiar to each family. The origin seems to be Su. G. blaesse. V. Bawsand. To Su. G blaas-a, inspirare, Germ. blas-en, flare. Isl. blast-ur, halitus, flatus. Hence, BLAST, s. A brag, a vain boast, S. BLASTER, s. A boaster; also, one who speaks extravagantly in narration, S. BLASTIE, s. "A shrivelled dwarf; a term of contempt," S. q. what is blasted. To BLAST, v. a. To blow up with gunpowder. BLASTER. One who is employed to blow up stones with gunpowder; S. BLATE, adj. Bashful. To BLATHER, v. n. To talk nonsensically. BLATHER, s. BLATTER, s. A rattling noise; S. Lat. blater-are, Teut. blater-en, stultÈ loqui. BLAUCHT, adj. Pale, livid. A. S. blac, blaec; Su. G. blek, Isl. bleik-r, E. bleak, pallidus. A. S. blac-ian, Su. G. blek-na, to wax pale. BLAVING, BLAUING, s. Blowing. A. S. blawan byman, buccina canere. BLAW, s. A blow, a stroke. Teut. blaew-en, caedere. Blaw is used in this sense. Gl. Westmorel. To BLAW, v. Used both as a. and n. A. S. blaw-an, flare. 2. To breathe, S. Germ. blaw, falsus, mendax, dolosus. Teut. blas-en, flare et nimiis vanisque laudibus rem efferre, ac inani flatu infarcire. 5. To magnify in narration, especially from a principle of ostentation, S. Su. G. blaas-a, to instil evil counsel. Teut. oor-blaesen, not only signifies, in aurem mussare, sive mussitare, obgannire in aurem; but is rendered, blandiri. 8. To huff a man at draughts. I blaw, or blow you, I take this man, S. Su. G. blaas-a, to blow, is used in this very sense. Blaasa bort en bricka i damspel, Seren. 9. To blaw appin locks or bolts, and to loose fetters, by means of a magical power ascribed to the breath, S. 10. To blaw out on one, to reproach him. BLAW, s. BLAW, s. A pull, a draught; a cant term, used among topers, S. BLAWN COD, a split cod, half-dried, Ang.; so denominated, perhaps, because exposed for some time to the wind. BLAWORT, s. The Blue bottle; Centaurea cyanus, Linn., S. Witch-bells, also Thumbles, S. B. From bla, livid, q. v. and wort, an herb. BLAZE, s. The name given to allum ore, S. BLE, BLIE, s. Complexion, colour. This word is common in O. E. A. S. bleoh, blio, color. To BLEACH down, or along, v. n. To fall flat to the ground. Bleach is also used to denote a fall of this description, Loth. Perhaps from Isl. blak-a, verberare; as denoting the effect of a violent blow. BLEACH, s. A blow, S. B. To BLEAD, v. a. Apparently, to train, or to lead on to the chace. Alem. blait-en, beleit-en, comitari, conducere.
To BLECK, BLEK, v. a. A. S. blaec-an, denigrare. Isl. blek, liquor tinctorius. To BLECK, v. a. To puzzle, to reduce to a nonplus, in an examination or disputation, S. Germ. black-en, plack-en, vexare, exagitare. To From Germ. blaes-en, to blow; or, blitz-en, fulgurare; heat, especially when accompanied by lightning, more generally producing this effect. 2. The part. bleezed signifies the state of one on whom intoxicating liquor begins to operate, S. It especially denotes the change produced in the expression of the countenance; as, He looked bleezed-like. BLED, part. pa. Perhaps, sprung.
Isl. flim, irrisio, carmen famosum. Hence flimt-a, diffamo, flimt, nugae infames, G. Andr. p. 74. Su. G. flimm-a, illudere. BLEHAND, BLIHAND, adj. "Blue, from bleah, Sax. caeruleus. Blehand brown. A bluish brown," Gl. The word is merely A. S. blae-hewen a little transformed. The idea seems, "a brownish colour, inclining to purple or violet."
Bleb, a blister, A. Bor. Gl. Grose. 2. Bleibs, pl. An eruption to which children are subject, in which the spots appear larger than in the measles; Loth. Border. BLEIRIE, adj. A term applied to weak liquor, which has little or no strength; as bleirie ale, Fife. BLEIRING, part. pa. Bleiring Bats. This seems to be the botts, a disease in horses. Bleiring may express the effect of pain in making the patient to cry out; Teut. blaer-en, boare, mugire.
This is the same with BLEIS, BLES, BLESS, BLEISE, s. A. S. blaese, fax, taeda, a torch, any thing that makes a blaze, Su. G. bloss, id. Somn. 3. A signal made by fire, S. BLEIS, s. The name given to a river-fish. This seems to be what in E. is called Bleak, Cyprinus alburnus, Linn. BLELLUM, s. An idle talking fellow, Ayrs. To BLEME, v. n. To bloom, to blossom. BLEMIS, s. pl. Blossoms, flowers. Belg. bloem, Isl. bloma, Alem. bluom, flos, flosculus. Teut. bloem-en, florere. To BLENK, BLINK, v. n. Belg. blenck-en, blinck-en, Su. G. blaenk-a, to shine, to glance, to flash as lightning.
Su. G. blink, oegonblink, is a glance, a cast of the eye, oculi nictus; Germ. blick, Belg. blik, oogenblik, id.; the twinkling of the eye, a moment. BLENT, pret. Glanced, expressing the quick motion of the eye. Perhaps allied to Su. G. bliga, blia, intentis oculis aspicere, q. bligent. BLENT, s. A glance. BLENT, pret. Lost, as applied to sight. Perhaps from A. S. blent, the part. of A. S. blend-ian, caecare, used in a neuter sense; or from A. S. blinn-an, cessare, whence blind, deficiens. BLENTER, s. A flat stroke; Fife. Alem. bliuun, to strike; bliuenti, percutiens, striking; Schilter. Moes. G. bliggwan, id. To Su. G. bladdr-a, Germ, plauder-n, to prattle, to chatter, to jabber; Teut. blater-en, stultÈ loqui; Lat. blater-are, to babble. To BLETHER, BLATHER, BLADDER, v. a. To talk nonsensically, S. BLETHERAND, pret. Allied perhaps to Teut. blater-en, blaeter-en, proflare fastum, gloriari.
BLEW. To look blew, to seem disconcerted. It conveys both the idea of astonishment and of gloominess, S. Blew, S. is often synon. with BLICHAM, s. (gutt.) A contemptuous designation for a person, Perths. BLICHT, adj. An epithet expressive of the coruscation of armour, in the time of action. A. S. blic-an, coruscare; blect, coruscatus. Alem. blechet, Germ. blicket, splendet. To BLIN, BLYN, BLYNE, v. n. To cease, to desist, S.; also blind. A. S. blinn-an, cessare, contr. from bilinn-an, id. In Isl. and Su. G. it occurs in its simple form, linn-a, also, lind-a, id. To BLIN, v. a. To cause to cease.
In the Scandinavian Julbock, from which this sport seems to have originated, the principal actor was disguised in the skin of a buck or goat. The name Blind Harie might therefore arise from his rough attire; as he was called blind, in consequence of being blindfolded. Or it may signify, Blind Master, or Lord, in ironical language. BLIND MAN'S BALL, or Devil's snuff-box, Common puff-ball, S. V. Flor. Suec. It is also called Blind man's een, i. e. eyes, S. B. An idea, according to Linn., prevails throughout the whole of Sweden, that the dust of this plant causes blindness. BLYNDIT, pret. Blended. BLINDLINS, BLYNDLINGIS, adv. Having the eyes closed, hoodwinked. It denotes the state of one who does any thing as if he were blind, S. Germ. Dan. blindlings, id. Douglas. BLINDS, s. pl. The Pogge, or Miller's Thumb, a fish, Cottus Cataphractus, Linn. West of S. Perhaps it receives this name, because its eyes are very small. To Su. G. blaenk-a, Germ. blink-en, coruscare, to shine, to flash, to lighten; q. struck with lightning, which, we know, has the effect of making liquids sour; or as denoting that of sunshine, or of the heat of the weather. BLINNYNG, part. pr. Leg. Blumyng. BLYPE, s. A coat, a shred; applied to the skin, which is said to come off in blypes, when it peels in coats, or is rubbed off, in shreds; S. Perhaps radically the same with Flype, q. v. or a different pron. of Bleib. To BLIRT, v. n. To make a noise in weeping, to cry. It is generally joined with Greet. To blirt and greet, i. e. to burst out a-crying, S. Germ. blaerr-en, plarr-en, mugire, rugire. Perhaps E. blurt is also radically allied. BLIRT, s. The action expressed by the v. "A blirt of greeting," a violent burst of tears, accompanied with crying, S. B. To BLITHE, BLYTHE, v. a. To make glad. A. S. bliths-ian, laetari; Alem. blid-en, gaudere. But perhaps our v. is immediately formed from the adj. BLITHEMEAT, s. The meat distributed among those who are present at the birth of a child, or among the rest of the family, S. pronounced blyidmeat, Ang. as the adj. itself, blyd, blyid. I need not say, that this word has its origin from the happiness occasioned by a safe delivery. BLYVARE. Perhaps for Blyther, more cheerful. BLYWEST, adj. in the superl. "Blythest, most merry," Gl. Perhaps it rather refers to colour; q. the palest. To BLIZZEN, v. a. Drought is said to be blizzening, when the wind parches and withers the fruits of the earth, S. B. Su. G. blas-a, Germ. blas-en, A. S. blaes-an, to blow.
Radically the same word with Bleib, q. v. BLOBBIT, part. pa. Blotted, blurred. To BLOCK, v. a. To plan, to devise. Teut. block-en, assiduum esse in studiis, in opere, in ergastulo; a sense evidently borrowed from a workman, who blocks out his work roughly, before he begins to give it a proper form. BLOIK, BLOK, BLOCK, s. BLOCKER, s. A term formerly used in S. to denote a broker; q. one who plans and accomplishes a bargain. BLOISENT, part. pa. One is said to have a bloisent face, when it is red, swollen, or disfigured, whether by intemperance, or by being exposed to the weather; Ang. This appears to be radically the same with E. blowze; "sun-burnt, high-coloured;" Johns. Teut. blose, rubor, purpurissum, redness, the colour of purple; blos-en, rubescere; blosende wanghen, rubentes genae, purpled cheeks. To BLOME, BLUME, v. n. To shine, to gleam. Su. G. blomm-a, to flourish; E. bloom, used metaph.: or perhaps from A. S. be, a common prefix, and leom-an to shine, as gleam is from geleom-an, id. BLONK, BLOUK, s. A steed, a horse, Alem. planchaz, equus pallidus, hodie blank; Schilter. Thus blonk may have originally meant merely a white horse, q. Fr. blanc cheval. BLONKS, s. pl. If this does not denote horses, as above, it may mean blocks of wood. BLOUT, adj. Bare, naked. Su. G. Isl. blott, Belg. bloot, id. The tautological phrase blott och bar is used in Sw.
Probably allied to Su. G. bloet, humidus; bloeta waegar, viae humidae. BLUBBER, BLUBBIR, s. A bubble of air, S. To Su. G. pluttra, incuriose scribere; Moes. G. blothjan, irritum reddere. 2. To disfigure the face with weeping, or in any other way, S. To BLUDDER, BLUTHER, v. n. To make a noise with the mouth in taking any liquid, S. BLUE BONNETS, BLUE BOTTLES, S. Centaurea cyanus, Linn. BLUE-GOWN, s. The name commonly given to a pensioner, who, annually, on the King's birth-day, receives a certain sum of money, and a blue gown or cloak, which he wears with a badge on it, S. BLUFFLEHEADED, adj. Having a large head, accompanied with the appearance of dulness of intellect, S.; perhaps from E. bluff. BLUIDVEIT, BLUIDWYTE, s. A fine paid for effusion of blood. A. S. blodwite, pro effuso sanguine mulcta; from blod, sanguis, and wite, poena, mulcta. To BLUITER, v. n. Germ. plaudern, nugari et mentiri, plauderei, mixta nugis mendacia. In sense 2. it seems to be merely a dimin. from Blout, q. v. BLUITER, BLUTTER, s. To BLUME, v. n. To blossom, S. bloom, E. To BLUNK, v. a. To spoil a thing, to mismanage any business, S. Hence, BLUNKIT, BLINKIT, part. pa. "Injured by mismanagement, or by some mischievous contrivance," Gl. Sibb. BLUNKET, s. Expl. "Pale blue; perhaps any faint or faded colour; q. blanched." Sibb. BLUNT, adj. Stripped, bare, naked. This seems to be radically the same with Blout, q. v. BLUNTIE, s. A sniveller, a stupid fellow, S. BLUP, s. One who makes a clumsy or awkward appearance; Loth. It is apparently the same with Flup, q. v. To BLUSTER, v. a. To disfigure in writing. BLUTE, s. An action; used in a bad sense. A fuil blute, a foolish action, S. B. perhaps the same with Blout, q. v. BOAKIE, s. A sprite, a hobgoblin, Aberd. Shetl. Norw. bokje, Isl. bocke, bokki, vir grandis et magnificus. In Sanscrit buka is the name of an evil spirit. O. Teut. bokene, phantasma, spectrum. BOAL, BOLE, s. BOARDTREES, s. pl. A term used for the plank on which a corpse is stretched; S. B. To BOAST, BOIST, v. a. To threaten. To BOB, BAB, v. n. To dance, S. BOB, s. Gust, blast. BOB, s. S. Fr. bube, a bunch; Isl. bobbe, a knot. BOB, s. A mark, a but, S.; either q. a small bunch set up as a mark, or, from the sense of the E. v., something to strike at. BOB, s. A taunt, a scoff, S. B. Teut. babb-en, to prate; Isl. komenn i bobba, os correptum, at bobsa, babare (to bark,) canum vox est. Su. G. babe, sermo inconditus. BOBBY, s. A grandfather, S. B. BOBBYN, s. The seed-pod of birch, Loth. Fr. bubon, a great bunch. Evergreen. BOBBINS, s. The water-lily, S. B. Bobbins are properly the seed-vessels. BOCE; Burel, Watson's Coll. ii. 26. To BOCK, v. a. To vomit. BOCK-BLOOD, s. A spitting, or throwing up of blood. BOD, s. A person of small size, a term generally applied, somewhat contemptuously, to one who is dwarfish, although of full age, S. To BODE, v. a. To proffer, often as implying the idea of some degree of constraint. "He did na merely offer, but he boded it on me;" S. BODEN, part. pa. Preferred.
Germ. bot, id. from biet-en, to offer. Isl. bud, a proffer, from bioth-a, offerre, exhibere, praebere. BODE, s. Delay. BODDUM, s. Alem. bodem, Germ. Belg. boden, solum, fundus. BODEN, part. pa. Proffered. BODEN, Weil-boden, or ill-boden, well, or ill provided in whatever respect, S. 2. It seems to be used, in one instance, in an oblique sense, as signifying matched. Su. G. bo, Isl. bo-a, to prepare, to provide; wael bodd, well provided against the cold. BODY, s. Strength, bodily ability. A. S. bodig not only signifies the body in general, but stature.
These pieces are said to have been denominated from a mint-master of the name of Bothwell. BODWORD, BODWART, BODWORDE, s. A message, S. B. A. S. boda, a messenger, and word. Su. G. Isl. bodword is edictum, mandatum.
Teut. boten schoen, calceus rusticus e crudo corio; Kilian.
A. Bor. boggart, a spectre. C. B. bwg, larva, terriculamentum. BOGILL, BOGLE, s. C. B. bugul, fear, bwgwly, to frighten. BOGILL about the stacks, or simply, Bogle, a play of children or young people, in which one hunts several others around the stacks of corn in a barn-yard, S. It seems the same game with that called BOGILL-BO, s. In Lincolnsh. this word is used for a scarecrow, from bogill, or C. B. bogel-u, to affright, and bo, a hobgoblin, q. "the affrighting goblin." To BOGG-SCLENT, v. n. Apparently, to avoid action, to abscond in the day of battle. Perhaps in allusion to him who sklents or strikes off obliquely from the highway, into a bog, to avoid being taken prisoner. BOGSTALKER, s. An idle, wandering, and stupid fellow; one who seems to have little to do, and no understanding, S. Borrowed perhaps from outlaws, who were seen at a distance hunting in marshy places, where pursuit was more difficult. BOID, s. Isl. bode, a term used to denote a wave agitated by the wind; unda maris cum vadosis scopulis luctans. BOIN, Unless from Isl. boginn, curvus, or Dan. bugn-e, to bend, as respecting its form; I can offer no conjecture as to the origin. BOYIS, s. In boyis, in fetters. Teut. boeye, compes, pedica, vinculum; boey-en compedire. BOIS, adj. Hollow. BOISSES. To C. B. bost-io, to vaunt one's self; bost, vaunting. BOIST, BOST, s. Threatening, S. BOIT, s. A cask or tub used for the purpose of curing butcher-meat, or for holding it after it is cured; sometimes called a beef-boat, S. Germ. butte; Ital. botte, id., whence E. butt. Su. G. byttia, situla, cupa; Teut. botte, id. dolium, orca, cupa. To A. Bor. boke, bowk, to nauseate, to be ready to vomit; booac, to reach, to keck, ibid. Perhaps from A. S. bealc-an, eructare. It however has greater resemblance of puke, to which no etymon has been assigned. BOK, BOCK, s. The act of reaching, S. BOKEIK, s. Bopeep, a game.
To Boldin, Boulden, part. pa. swelled. This is softened into bowdin, bowden, S. Often in the pret. and part. it is written bolnys, swells, (Doug. V.) and bolnyt. I hesitate whether these are contr. from boldinnys, boldinnyt, or the v. in another form, more nearly resembling Su. G. buln-a, Dan. bul-ner. Su. G. bul-na, bulg-ia, id. bolginn, swollen. Hence Isl. bilgia, Su. G. bolgia, a billow; because it is raised by the wind; and bolda, a boil, a tumour. Gael. builg-am to swell, builg, a blister. BOLGAN LEAVES, Nipplewort, an herb, S. B. Lapsana communis, Linn. Perhaps from Isl. bolg-a, tumere, or Su. G. bolginn, swollen, q. "swelling leaves," as being supposed by the vulgar in S. to be efficacious in removing swellings. To BOLYN, v. n. To lay tack aboard. O. Fr. bolin-er, to sail by a wind, or close upon a wind. BOLL, Lintseed Boll. BOLLMAN, s. A cottager, Orkn. Perhaps from Su. G. Isl. bol, villa, and man, q. the inhabitant of a village. It is always pronounced bowman. BOLME, s. A boom, a waterman's pole. Germ. baum, Belg. boom, a tree. BOLNIT. BOLNYNG, s. Swelling. BOLSTER, s. That part of a mill in which the axletree moves, S. BOMBILL, s. Buzzing noise; metaph. used for boasting. Teut. bommele, a drone. BON, s. Apparently, bane, injury. BONALAIS, BONAILIE, BONNAILLIE, s. A drink taken with a friend, when one is about to part with him; as expressive of one's wishing him a prosperous journey, S. It is now generally pron. bonaillie, S. Bonalais might seem to be the plur. But perhaps it merely retains the form of Fr. Bon allez. BONE, s. A petition, a prayer. O. E. id. Isl. baen, precatio, oratio; boon petitio, gratis acceptio, mendicatio, G. Andr. A. S. ben, bene, id. BONETT, s. "A small sail, fixed to the bottom or sides of the great sails, to accelerate the ship's way in calm weather." Gl. Compl. Fr. bonnette, Sw. bonet, id. BONIE, BONYE, BONNY, adj. Bonny is used in the same sense by Shakspeare, and since his time by some other E. writers. But I suspect that it is properly S. Johnson derives it from Fr. bon, bonne, good. This is by no means satisfactory; but we must confess that we cannot substitute a better etymon. BONYNES, s. Beauty, handsomeness. BONK, s. Bank. Probably corr. from A. S. bene. Isl. bunga, however, signifies tumor terrae. BONNAGE, s. An obligation, on the part of the tenant, to cut down the proprietor's corn. Evidently a corr. of Bondage. BONNAR, s. "A bond," Gl. Popular Ball. BONNET. BONOCH, s. "A binding to tie a cow's hind legs when she is a-milking." BONSPEL, s. A match, at the diversion of curling on the ice, between two opposite parties, S. Belg. bonne, a village, a district, and spel, play; because the inhabitants of different villages or districts contend with each other in this sport, one parish, for example, challenging another. Or, the first syllable may be traced to Su. G. bonde, an husbandman. BONXIE, s. The name given to the Skua Gull, Shetl. Su. G. bo, Isl. bu, boo, domicilium, a house or dwelling, also, a village; Moes. G. baua, id. In the Orkney Islands, where the Gothic was long preserved in greater purity than in our country, the principal farm-house on an estate, or in any particular district of it, is in a great many instances called the Boll or Bow. Barry. BOODIES, pl. Ghosts, hobgoblins, Aberd. It might be deduced from A. S. boda, a messenger, from bod-ian, to declare, to denounce. But it seems to be rather originally the same with C. B. bugudhai, hobgoblins, Gael. bodach, a ghost. BOOL, s. A contemptuous term for a man, especially if advanced in years. It is often conjoined with an epithet; as "an auld bool," an old fellow, S. Su. G. bol, the trunk of the body, as distinguished from the head and feet. Teut. boghel, numella; Germ. bugel, any thing that is circular or curved. BOOL-HORNED, adj. Perverse, obstinate, inflexible, S. apparently from the same origin with Bools. Boolie-horned, Border, and W. of S. A. Bor. buckle-horns, short crooked horns turned horizontally inwards.
A. S. bufan, bufon, above, and most.
Bus and bud occur in the same sense in Ywaine and Gawin. Most probably it is a corr. of behoved, Belg. behoeft. BOOST, s. A box.
Su. G. Germ. bor, terebra; Isl. bora, foramen; A. S. bor-ian, to pierce.
The term occurs in both senses in O. E. A. S. borg, borh, fide-jussor; also, foenus; Germ. burge, a pledge. Su. G. borgen, suretyship. Ihre derives Su. G. and Isl. borg-a, to become surety, from berg-a, a periculo tueri, to protect from danger. The idea is certainly most natural: For what is suretyship, but warranting the safety of any person or thing? To BORCH, v. a. To give a pledge or security for, to bail. To BORROW, BORW, v. a. Su. G. borg-a, id. To BORROW one, to urge one to drink, Ang. When one pledges another in company, he engages to drink after him; and in ancient times it was generally understood, that he who pledged another, was engaged to drink an equal quantity. BORROWGANGE, s. A state of suretyship. Su. G. edgaang, laggaang, are rendered by Ihre, actus jurandi, from gaa, ire; borrowgange may thus be merely the act of going or entering as a surety. BORD, s. Fr. bord, Belg. boord, a welt, a hem, or selvage; Isl. bard, bord, the extremity or margin. BORDEL, s. A brothel, Dunbar. Fr. bordel, id., Su. G. A. S. bord, a house. The dimin. of this, Ihre says, was L. B. bordell-um, bordil-e, tuguriolum, cujus generis quum olim meretricum stabula essent. BORDELLAR, s. A haunter of brothels. BORE, s. A crevice. BORE'S- (or BOAR'S) EARS, s. pl. The name given to the Auricula, S. B. Primula auricula, Linn. A bear is called a boar, S., especially S. B. BORE-TREE, s. Sambucus nigra. BOREAU, s. An executioner. BORGH, s. A surety. BORN. Born may have some affinity to Isl. borgun, Su. G. borgen, suretyship; q. one under contract or obligation. BORROWING DAYS, the three last days of March, Old Stile, S. These days being generally stormy, our forefathers have endeavoured to account for this circumstance, by pretending that March borrowed them from April, that he might extend his power so much longer. Those who are much addicted to superstition will neither borrow nor lend on any of these days; lest the articles borrowed should be employed for the purposes of witchcraft, against the lenders. Some of the vulgar imagine, that these days received their designation from the conduct of the Israelites in borrowing the property of the Egyptians. BOS, Teut. bosse, umbo. Ross. BOSS, BOCE, s. Any thing hollow. BOSS, BOISS, s. From Fr. boire, to drink, whence boisson, drink, or busse, a cask for holding wines.
A. S. butan, buton, are used precisely as S. but, without.
BOTAND, adv. In the latter sense, it is from A. S. butan, praeter. BOTCARD, s. A sort of artillery used in S. in the reign of Ja. V. The same instruments seem to be afterwards called battars, ib. Fr. bastarde, "a demie canon, or demie culverin; a smaller piece of any kind," Cotgr. BOTE, BUTE, s. A. S. bote, id. from bet-an, emendare, restaurare. Kin-bote, compensation or "assithment for the slaughter of a kinsman;" Skene, Verb. Sign. A. S. cyn, cognatio, and bote. Man-bot, the compensation fixed by the law, for killing a man, according to the rank of the person. Ibid. A. S. man-bot, id. Theift-bote, compensation made to the king for theft. Reg. Maj.
Hence the Luckenbooths of Edinburgh, wooden shops, made for being locked up. Teut. boede, bode, domuncula, casa, Kilian; Su. G. bud, taberna mercatorum, apotheca; Isl. bud, id. BOTHIE, BOOTHIE, s. A cottage, often used to denote a place where labouring servants are lodged, S. Su. G. bod, a house, a cottage; Gael. bothag, bothan, a cot. To BOTHER, BATHER, v. a. To teaze one by dwelling on the same subject, or by continued solicitation, S. BOTHNE, BOTHENE, s. L. B. bothena, baronia, aut territorium. BOTINYS, s. pl. Buskins; Gl. Sibb. Fr. botine, cothurnus. V. Boiting. BOTTLE-NOSE, s. A species of whale, S. Orkn. BOTTOM-ROOM, s. The name vulgarly given to the space occupied by one sitter in a church, S. BOTWAND, s. Perhaps, a rod of authority. Germ. bot, power, and wand, a rod. BOUCHT, A. S. bogeht, arcuatus, crooked; bug-an, to bend. Germ. bug, sinus; bucht, curvatura littoris, Wachter. To BOUCHT, BOUGHT, v. a. To fold down, S. Isl. bukt-a, Teut. buck-en, flectere, curvare. BOUCHT, BOUGHT, BUCHT, BUGHT, s. Teut. bocht, bucht, septum, septa, interseptum, sepimentum clausum. To BOUCHT, BOUGHT v. a. To inclose in a fold, S.; formed from the s. BOUCHT-KNOT, s. A running knot; one that can easily be loosed, in consequence of the cord being doubled, S. BOUGARS, s. pl. Cross spars, forming part of the roof of a cottage, used instead of laths, on which wattling or twigs are placed, and above these divots, and then the straw or thatch, S. Lincolns. bulkar, a beam; Dan. biaelke, pl. bielcker, beams. Su. G. bialke, a small rafter, tigillum, in Westro-Goth. is written bolkur.
Germ. bauch von talge, id. A bouk-louse, one that has been bred about the body. Teut. beuck, truncus corporis. 2. The whole body of man, or carcase of a beast, S. To BOUK, v. n. To bulk, S. Hence,
BOUKSUM, BOUKY, adj. Of the same sense with BOUKE, s. A solitude. A. S. buce, secessus, "a solitary and secret place," Somner. BOULDEN, part. pa. Swelled, inflated. BOULE, "Round," Rudd. Teut. bol, tumidus, turgidus; or boghel, beughel, curvatura semicircularis, from bogh-en, arcuare. BOULENA, A sea cheer, signifying, Hale up the bowlings. BOULENE, s. The same with E. Bowline. A rope fastened to the middle part of the outside of a sail. Sw. bog-lina, id. from bog, flexus.
Su. G. bo, bo-a, to prepare, to make ready; Isl. bu-a, id. Boen or boin is the part. pa. To BOUND, BUND, part. pa. Pregnant. To BOUNT, v. n. To spring, to bound. Fr. bond-ir, id. Burel. BOUNTÉ, s. Worth, goodness. Fr. bontÉ, id. BOUNTETH, BOUNTITH, s. Gael. bunntais seems merely a corr. of this word. BOUR, BOURE, s. A chamber; sometimes a retired apartment, such as ladies were wont to possess in ancient times. A. S. bur, bure, conclave, an inner chamber, a parlour, a bower. Teut. buer, id. Dan. buur, conclave, Su. G. Isl. bur, habitaculum. Isl. jungfrubur, gynaeceum, ubi olim filiae familias habitabant; literally, the young lady's bower. Hence bour-bourding, jesting in a lady's chamber, Pink.
A. S. beorh, burg, an inclosure, a heap; Su. G. borg. Burrach'd, BOURACH, BORRACH, s. A band put round a cow's hinder legs at milking, S. Gael. buarach. BOURBEE, s. The spotted Whistle fish, S. To BOURD, v. n. To jest, to mock, S. Fr. bourd-er, id. But this seems to be merely an abbrev. of behourd-ir, bohord-er, to just together with lances. Bohord, behord, is originally a Gothic word, as being used by old Northern writers. BOURD, BOURE, s. A jest, a scoff, S. BOURIE, s. A hole made in the earth by rabbits, or other animals that hide themselves there; E. a burrow. From the same origin with Bourach.
It seems to have received its name from its being hollow within, and thence easily bored by thrusting out the pulp.
The same with Buisty, q. v. BOUSTOUR, BOWSTOWRE, s. A military engine, anciently used for battering walls. Su. G. byssa, bossa, signifies a mortar, an engine for throwing bombs; Bombarda, Ihre; formerly byssor; from byssa, theca, a box, or case; because in these tubes, as in cases, bullets are lodged. BOUSUM, BOWSOM, adj. A. S. bocsum, buhsum, obediens, tractabilis, from bug-an, Belg. buyg-en, flectere. 2. "Blythe, merry," Rudd. To BOUT, BOWT, v. n. To spring, to leap, S. "bouted up," Rudd. vo. up-boltit. Teut. botten, op-bott-en, to rebound, resilire. BOUT, s. A sudden jerk in entering or leaving an apartment; a hasty entrance or departure; the act of coming upon one by surprise; S. BOUTGATE, s. BOW, s. A boll; a dry measure, S.
Germ. boll, id. oculus et gemma plantae, caliculus ex quo flos erumpit; Wachter. BOW, BOWE, s. Su. G. bo, bu, either the herd or the flock; armenta, pecora, grex; Dan. boe, a shed, booth or stall. BOW, s. Teut. boghe, id. arcus, concameratio; from bogh-en, flectere; A. S. bog-a, "an arch of a bridge or other building;" Somner. BOW, s. As applied to a house. BOWAND, adj. Crooked. A. S. bugend, id. BOWAT, s. A hand-lanthern. BOWBARD, s. A dastard, a person destitute of spirit. Teut. boeverje, nequitia. Or, shall we rather view it as originally the same with Bumbart, q. v.? BOWBERT, adj. Lazy, inactive. BOWDEN, part. pa. Swollen. BOWELHIVE, s. An inflammation of the bowels, to which children are subject, S. BOWES and BILLES, A phrase used by the English, in former times, for giving an alarm in their camp or military quarters.
Perhaps from Fr. bougette, a little coffer; if not allied to bougie, a small wax-candle. BOWGER, s. The puffin, or coulter-neb, a bird; alca arctica, Linn. BOWGLE, s. A wild ox, a buffalo. Lat. bucul-us, a young ox. Hence bugle-horn. BOWIE, s. Fr. buie, a water-pot or pitcher; Cotgr. Hence, BOWIEFU', s. The fill of a small tub, S. BOW-KAIL, s. Cabbage, S. so called from the circular form of this plant. For the same reason its Belg. name is buys-kool. Bow-stock, s. The same. "A bastard may be as good as a bow-stock, by a time;" S. Prov. BOWLAND, part. adj. Hooked, crooked. Teut. boghel-en, arcuare. Bowland is just the part. pr. boghelend, contr. BOWLIE, BOOLIE, adj. Crooked, deformed; Germ. bucklig, Dan. bugelt, id. from bugle, a bunch or hump; and this from bug-en, to bend; Dan. boeyel, crookedness, boeyelig, flexible. To BOWN, v. a. To make ready. BOWRUGIE, s. Burgess; the third estate in a Parliament or Convention; in resemblance of Fr. bourgeois. BOWSIE, adj. Crooked, S. Fr. bossu, id. BOWSUNES, s. Obedience. A. S. bocsumnesse, obedientia. BOWT, s. To BOX, v. a. To wainscot, to cover with boards, S. BOXING, s. Wainscotting; Sir J. Sinclair, p. 170., S.
C. B. bre, a mountain, pl. breon, bryn; Gael. bre, bri, brigh, a hill. Isl. braa, cilium, the brow; whence augnabraa, the eye-brow; and bratt signifies steep, having an ascent. To BRA, v. n. BRAAL, s. A fragment. "There's nae a braal to the fore," There is not a fragment remaining, Ang. BRABBLACH, s. The refuse of any thing; as of corn, meat, &c. Fife. Gael. prabal, id. BRACE, s. A chimney-piece, a mantle-piece, S.
Alem. brak; Germ. brack, id. canis venaticus, forte investigator; O. Fr. brachez. Verel. expl. Isl. rakke canis, deriving it from racka, frakka, cursitare. BRACHEN, (gutt.) BRAIKIN, BRECKEN, s. The female fern, Polypodium filix foemina, Linn. In Smoland in Sweden, the female fern is called braeken; Sw. stotbraakin, id. In is a termination in Gothic, denoting the female gender. ROYAL BRACHENS, s. pl. The flowering fern, S. Osmunda regalis, Linn. BRACKS, s. A disease of sheep. BRAD, part. pa. Roasted. To A. S. braed-an, id. braedde, assatus. To Isl. braad-a, accelerare. At bregd-a sverde, gladium evaginare vel stringere. A. S. braed-an, exerere, stringere. BRADE, BRAIDE, s. A start, a spring, a quick motion of the body. Isl. bregd, versura. To BRADE, BRAID, v. a. To attack, to assault; Rudd. Isl. bregd-a manne nidur, sternere virum. BRAID, s. Assault, aim to strike. It is used in a similar sense, O. E. Isl. bregd, nisus, an attempt, an exertion. BRADE, adj.; S. To BRADE, BRAID, v. a. To turn round. Isl. bregd-a, vertere. To Isl. bregd-a, bregth-a, Su. G. braa, denote the resemblance of children, in dispositions, to their progenitors. Bregdur barni til aettar, progenitoribus suis quisque fere similis est. To A. S. bred-an, Belg. breyd-en, to extend. To BRAG, v. a. Su. G. brigd-a, exprobrare; Isl. bregd-a, opprobrare. BRAGING, s. Boasting. BRAGWORT, s. Expl. "Mead, a beverage made from the dregs of honey." Gl. Sibb. Braggot, Gl. Lancash. C. B. bragod, id. To BRAID up the burde; marked as used by James I.
Moes. G. Isl. braid, A. S. bred, latus. BRAID, BRADE, adv. Widely.
To BRAIK, s. A threat. Isl. brak-a, strepo. BRAIK, BREAK, s. An instrument used in dressing hemp or flax, for loosening it from the core, S. Teut. braecke, id. malleus stuparius, vulgo linifrangibula. BRAIK, s. An internal mortification; a disease among sheep, Ang. Su. G. braeck, a defect of any kind. BRAIKIT, adj. Speckled, S. Ir. breac, brek, id. BRAYMEN, s. pl. The name given to those who inhabit the southern declivity of the Grampian hills, S. BRAIN, s. Voice. "A braw brain," "a strong brain," a powerful voice, Ang. To BRAINDGE, v. n. "To run rashly forward," S. O. Shall we view this as an oblique sense of Belg. brins-en, to neigh?
A. S. brinn-an, to burn, bren, bryne, fervor; whence bryne-adl, a fever; Su. G. braanad, fervor, ardor. Brayn-wod, Brane-wod, adj. Mad, in a state of insanity. BRAIRD, s. The first sprouting of grain. To BRAIS, v. a. To embrace. Fr. bras, the arm, whence embrace, q. in arms. BRAIS, s. pl. Snares, gins. A. S. braegd, figmentum, braegden, fraud; gebraegdas, crafts, frauds, subtile contrivances; Isl. Su. G. bragd, fraus.
Sw. brazen, cyprinus brama, bream; Teut. braessem, id. cyprinus latus. BRAITH, adj. Violent, severe. Isl. Su. G. braede, ira, animi fervor.
Su. G. bryt-a, brott-as, Isl. briot-a, luctare. BRAITHLY, adv. Violently, with great force. To BRAK, v. n. To break, S. B. A. S. brac-an, id. Isl. eg braaka, frango. BRAKE, s. A large and heavy kind of harrow, chiefly used for breaking in rough ground, S. To BRAK, v. n. To express great sorrow on any account. One says, "I'm like to brak," S. B. This is probably allied to Isl. braek, brek, wailing. BRAK, BRAKE, adj. Somewhat salt, brackish. Belg. brack, salsus.
Teut, braeck-en, to vomit, braecke, nausea. BRALD, part. pa. Decked, dressed. Fr. brell-er, to glitter.
Germ. braun, Isl. brun, limbus. BRANDED, BRANNIT, adj. Having a reddish-brown colour, as if singed by fire. Germ. braun, id. Minstrelsy Bord. BRANDEN, part. pa. Grilled.
Teut. brand new, id., from brand, incendium, ustio.
S. brander, A. S. brandred, "a brand-iron;" Dan. brandrith; Teut. brand-roede, brander, fulcrum focarium. To BRANDER, v. a. To broil on a grid-iron, to grill, S. BRANDRETH. BRANDUR, s. A border. BRANE, s. Bran, the husks of corn ground. BRANEWOD, s. Wood for burning. A. S. bryne incendium, and wude, wood. BRANG, pret. Brought, S. To Fr. branl-er, to shake; Su. G. brang-as, cum labore perrumpere velle. BRANGILL, s. A kind of dance. Fr. branle, "a brawle, or daunce, wherein many men and women move all together;" Cotgr. BRANIT, part. pa. Brawned; a term formed from E. brawn, the fleshy or musculous part of the body. To BRANK, v. a. Teut. brank-en and proncken, both signify, ostentare se, dare se spectandum; Germ. prang-en, id.; Su. G. prunk-a, superbire. Wachter gives prang-en, as also signifying, premere, coarctare. BRANKEN, part. pr. Gay, lively, S. A. BRANKS, s. pl. Within these few years, an iron bit was preserved in the steeple of Forfar, formerly used, in that very place, for torturing the unhappy creatures who were accused of witchcraft. It was called The Witch's Branks. Gael. brancas, a halter. But our word seems originally the same with Teut. pranghe, muyl-pranghe, postomis, pastomis, confibula; instrumentum quod naribus equorum imponitur; Kilian. 2. Branks, I suspect, is sometimes used in S. as synon. with BRANNOCK, s. The Samlet, or small fish generally known in S. by the name of Par. Branlin, Yorks. BRASAND, part. pr. Embracing. Fr. bras, the arm. Douglas. To BRASE, BRASS, v. a. To bind, to tie. Fr. embrass-er, to bind.
Fr. brassar, brassard, brassart, id.; brachiale ferreum; from bras, the arm, Lat. brach-ium. To Teut. broes-en, tempestuosum et furentem ventum spirare; or from A. S. beraes-an, impetuose proruere, irruere.
BRASHY, BRAUSHIE, adj. Stormy, S. BRASH, s. A transient attack of sickness; a bodily indisposition of whatever kind, S. The disorder to which children are often subject after being weaned, is called the speaning-brash. We also speak of "a brash of the teeth." This, perhaps, is merely a different sense of the s. as explained above. Isl. breisk, however, signifies infirm, breiskleike, weakness, G. Andr. BRASHY, adj. Delicate in constitution, subject to frequent ailments, S. To BRAST, v. n. To burst. Brast is used in the same sense by R. Glouc. BRAT, s. A. S. bratt signifies both pallium and panniculus; "a cloak, a rag," Somner. C. B. brathay, rags. 4. Scum, S. It does not necessarily signify refuse; but is also applied to the cream which rises from milk, especially of what is called a sour cogue, or the floatings of boiled whey. BRATCHART, s. A contemptuous term equivalent to E. whelp. From Fr. bratchet, a kind of small hound; or immediately formed from Brach. To A. S. braed-an, to weave together; Isl. bregd-a, nectere fila in funem. Brathins, s. pl. The cross ropes of the roof of a thatched house, or stack; also called etherins, Ang. Isl. bragd, nexus. BRATHLY, adj. Noisy. To BRATTYL, BRATTLE, v. n. Isl. briot-a, bryt-a, exagitare, hue illucque movere, ut luctantes; Teut. bortel-en, tumultuari. Brattyl, Brattle, s. BRAVERY, s. A bravado, a gasconade. Fr. braverie, id. from braver, to brave, to play the gallant. BRAUITIE, s. Fr. bravetÉ, pour avoir de beaux habits; Gl. Roquefort. BRAUL, BRAWL, s. The same as Fr. bransle, branle. BRAUSHIE, adj. Stormy.
Teut. brauwe, ornatus, bellus; Fr. brave, id. Isl. braer, nitet, splendet. 2. Handsome, S. Su. G. braf, bonus, praestans. En braf man, the very phrase still used by the vulgar in S. Germ. brav, id. Braw is often used adverbially, as conjoined with the copulative: Braw and able, abundantly able for any work or undertaking; Braw and weel, in good health. Hence, Brawly, adv. Very well, S. sometimes brawlins, Ang.; browlies, browlins, Aberd. Sw. Han mor braf, He is well, Wideg. Braws, pl. Fine clothes, one's best apparel, S. Evidently from the adj. sense 1. BRAWEN, part. pa. Perhaps, boiled. A. S. browen, coctus. Polwart. To BRAWL, v. n. To run into confusion; part. pr. brawland. Fr. brouill-er, to embroil, to confound. Su. G. bryll-a, perturbare. BRAWLIT, part. pa. Perhaps marbled, mixed; from the same v.; Fr. brouill-er, to jumble. Gael. braoilag denotes a whortleberry.
This is also called braik and bracks, Ang. A. S. breac, rheuma; broc sickness, disease; Su. G. brak, id. 2. A sheep which has died of disease; also, mutton of this description, S. BRAZE, s. A roach. BRAZARS, s. pl. Armour for the arms. To BRE.
A. S. breg, palpebra; Isl. braa. BREADBERRY, s. That food of children, which in E. is called pap, S. Perhaps from bread and A. Bor. berry, to beat; q. "bruised bread." BREAK, s. A division of land in a farm, S. To BREAK, v. a. To disappoint, S. B. "I'se no break you, I shall not disappoint you," Shirr. Gl. Isl. bregd-a, frustrari aliquem. BREAK (of a hill) s. A hollow in a hill, S. Isl. breck-a, crepido, declivitas. BREARDS, s. pl. The short flax recovered from the first tow, by a second hackling. The tow, thrown off by this second hackling, is called backings. To BREAST, v. n. To spring up or forward; a term applied to a horse, S. From the action of the breast in this effort. Breast-woddie, s. That part of the harness of a carriage-horse, which goes round the breast, S. B. BRECHAME, BRECHEM, s. The collar of a working-horse, S. Baurghwan is used in the same sense, A. Bor. Gael. Ir. braigh, the neck; whence braighaidain, a collar. The last syllable has more resemblance of Teut. hamme, a collar. BREDDIT, part. pa. Apparently, wreathed. A. S. bred-an, Teut. breyd-en, to wreathe. BREDE, WYNTER-BREDE, s. Provisions for winter. This may be merely bread. But Isl. braad is rendered, praeda, esca, carnivori animalis. BREDIR, s. pl. Brethren. BREDIS. In Bredis. In brede, as used by Chaucer, is rendered abroad.
A. S. briw, Germ. brue, bruhe, id. liquor; q. decoctum, according to Wachter, from brau-en, to boil; Isl. brugg, calida coctio, from brugg-a, coquere. BREE, s. Hurry, bustle. Su. G. bry, turbare, vexare. BREE, s. The eye-brow. To BREED of, to resemble. BREEK, BREIK, s. One leg of a pair of breeches, S. pl. breeks, breiks, breeches. Anc. Goth. and Isl. brok; A. S. braec, brec; Su. G. braeckor; C. B. bryccan; Gael. brigis; Ir. broages; Lat. bracca, id. From this dress, the Romans gave the name of Gallia Braccata to one part of Gaul. Germ. brill, Su. G. briller, id. oculi vitrei, L. B. berill-us.
A. S. brord, frumenti spicae, "corn new come up, or the spires of corn," Somner. "Bruart, the blades of corn just sprung up;" Gl. Lancash. To Breirding, s. Germination; used metaph. in relation to divine truth. A. S. brastl, crepitus, strepitus, brastl-ian, crepitare, strepere. Isl. brys, ardens calor; bryss-a, fervide aggredi. BREGER, s. One given to broils and bloodshed. Fr. briguer, a quarrelsome, contentious, or litigious person. The origin is most probably Su. G. brigd-a, litigare. BREHON, s. The name given to hereditary judges appointed by authority to determine, on stated times, all the controversies which happened within their respective districts. By the Brehon law, even the most atrocious offenders were not punished with death, imprisonment, or exile; but were obliged to pay a fine called Eric. Ir. breathav, breitheav, still signifies a judge. Bullet supposes that Breth has been used in this sense by the ancient Gauls; whence Vergobret, the name of the supreme magistrate among them. Ir. Fear go fraith literally signifies the man who judges. To BREY, v. a. To terrify. A. S. breg-an, id. probably allied to Sw. bry, to vex. To BREID, BREDE, v. n. To resemble. BREID, s. Breadth. On breid, broad, or in breadth. A. S. braed; Su. G. bredd, id. Brede occurs in O.E. R. Brunne. BREYFE, BREVE, s. A writing. A. S. braue, literae; Germ. brief, a letter; Isl. Su. G. bref, epistola, diploma; Fr. brief, breve, a writ. These are all from Lat. breve. To Alem. gebriaf-an, scribere; Su. G. bebref-wa, literis confirmare. L. B. breviare, in breves redigere. BREIRD, s. The surface, the uppermost part, the top of any thing, as of liquids. Evidently the same with Brerd, q. v. BREITH, adj. Proceeding from fervour of mind. Su. G. braede, ira. Breithful. BREK, s. Breach. Wattir brek, the breaking out of water. BREK, s. Uproar, tumult. Isl. brak, strepitus, tumultus, eg brak-a, strepo, cerpo, Su. G. braak-a; metaph. de molesto quovis labore. BREME, adj. Furious, Wynt. BRENDE, part. pa. Burnt, so as to be thoroughly purified. BRENE, s. Corslet, habergeon. BRENT, pret. and part. Burned; S. brunt. A. S. brenn-ing, burning; Isl. brenn, ardeo. BRENT, adj. High, straight, upright, S. A. Bor. brant, or brunt, steep. A brant hill, Northumb. It is also used in Westmorel. Brent-brow, a steep hill; Su. G. bryn, vertex montis; Isl. brun-a, to lift one's self on high. Meo judicio bryn notat id, quod ceteris superstat, aut prae aliis eminet; Ihre. Isl. brun, Germ. aug-braunen, Alem. braane, the eyebrow. Sw. brant, steep; en brant klippa, a steep rock. BRENT-NEW, quite new.
A. S. brerd, summum. To BRERE, v. n. To germinate.
Su. G. brask-a, sonitum edere, tumultum excitare denotat, a simplici brask, sonitus; Ihre. It may, however, be originally the same with Brash, q. v. BRESS, pl. Bristles. BRESSIE, s. A fish, supposed to be the Wrasse, or Old Wife, Labrus Tinca, Linn. Perhaps radically the same with E. wrasse. BREST, part. pa. Forcibly removed; or as denoting the act of breaking away with violence; for burst. Breste, to burst. Chaucer. BRETH, s. Apparently, rage, wrath. Su. G. Isl. braede, praeceps ira, furor. This is probably allied to braad-a, accelerare. BRETHIR, BRETHER, s. pl. Brethren. Isl. and Sw. broeder, brethren. BRETS, s. pl. The name given to the Welch or ancient Britons, in general; also, to those of Strat-clyde, as distinguished from the Scots and Picts. Wyntown uses Brettys as the pl. A. S. Brettas, Britones; Bryt, Brito, Britannus. BRETTYS, s. A fortification. L. B. breteschia, briteschia. It properly denotes wooden towers or castles: Bretachiae, castella lignea, quibus castra et oppida muniebantur, Gallis Bretesque, breteches; Du Cange. Perhaps radically allied to Su. G, bryt-a, to contend, to make war. To BREVE, v. a. To write. BREW, s. Broth, soup. BREW-CREESH, s. A term expressive of a duty paid to a landholder or superior, which occurs in old law-deeds. It is still used, Aberd. Sometimes it is called Brew-tallow. BRIBOUR, BRYBOUR, s. A low beggarly fellow. Fr. bribeur, "a beggar, a scrap-craver; also, a greedy devourer;" briber, to beg; and this from bribe, a lump of bread given to a beggar; Cotgr. C. B. briw, brib, a morsel, a fragment. BRICHT, BRYCHT, A young woman, strictly as conveying the idea of beauty. Merely a poetical use of the adj. bright; in the same manner as ancient writers used fre, clere, &c. BRID, BRIDDE, s. A bird, a pullet. A. S. brid is used for chicken, as also S. burd. BRIDLAND, part. pre. Apparently, q. bridalling, drinking as freely as men do at a bridal. BRIG, BREG, BRYG, s. A bridge, S. A. Bor. Lancash. A. S. bricg, brigge, Su. G. brygga, Belg. brug, id. Ihre views brygga as a diminutive from bro, anc. bru, which has the same meaning. BRIGANER, s. pl. A robber, S. B. Evidently from brigand. Journ. Lond. BRIL, s. The merry thought of a fowl. Teut. bril, ossiculum circa pectus a specilli similitudine dictum. BRYLIES, s. pl. Bearberries.
Isl. brim, the raging of the sea. The word is thus defined; Aestus maris, vehementibus procellis littus verberans; Olai Lex. Run. A. S. brim, brym, salum, aequor, mare, the sea. 2. Fierce, violent. Brymly, adv. Fiercely, keenly. Wall. vii. 995. BRIM, s. A cant term for a trull, Loth. Callander of Craigforth, in some MS. notes, mentions brim, as signifying a scold, S. This has most probably been the primary sense. To Su. G. brinn-a, Germ. brenn-an, id. A. S. bryne, burning. Brynstane, Brynt-stane, s. Brimstone, sulphur. A. S. bryn, incendium, and stan, q. lapis incendii seu incendiarius. Sw. braensten, id. BRIN, BRINN, s. A ray, a beam, a flash, S. B. BRINK. Q. in pectore; Isl. Su. G. bring-a, pectus. BRINKIT, part. pa. Perhaps, bronzed. Su. G. brinna, to burn, or braecka, to roast.
Fr. brichet, id. Perhaps we have the origin of the word in Isl. briosk, Sw. brusk, gristle. The word in E. denotes "the breast of an animal." It bears this sense also in S., and is sometimes corr. called briskin. BRISMAK, s. The name given to Torsk, our Tusk, in Shetland. BRISSAL, adj. Brittle. Gl. Sibb. Alem. bruzzi, fragilitas; Otfrid. Fr. bresiller, rompre, briser, mettre en piÈces; Gl. Roquefort. BRISSEL-COCK, s. Apparently the turkey-cock. Denominated perhaps from its rough and bristly appearance; or q. Brasil-cock, as, according to Pennant, the turkey was unknown to the old world before the discovery of America. "The first birds of this kind," he supposes, "must have been brought from Mexico." To BRISSLE, v. a. To broil, &c. To BRIST, BRYST, s. To burst. Isl. brest-a, Dan. brist-er, frangi, rumpi, cum fragore (crepitu) dissilire. BRITH, s. A term which seems to mean wrath or contention. Su. G. braede, anger; brigd, controversy; brigd-a, to litigate. To It is also written bertyn. A. S. bryt-an, Su. G. bryt-a, Isl. briot-a, frangere. BRITURE, Houlate iii. 8., is in Bannatyne MS. brit ure. To BRIZE, v. a. To bruise. BROAD-BAND. To BROCHE, v. a. To prick, to pierce. Fr. brocher un cheval, to spur a horse, properly to strike him hard with the spurs. Hence, Broche, s. Evidently the same with Fr. broche, a spit. Arm. brochen signifies a spit; from broch-a, to pierce, transfigere. BROCHAN, s. (gutt.) Oat-meal boiled to a consistence somewhat thicker than gruel, S. It differs from crowdie, as this is oat-meal stirred in cold water. Gael. brochan, pottage, also, gruel; C. B. bryhan, a sort of flummery.
Isl. bratz signifies fibula, Su. G. braz, from Isl. brus-a, to fasten together. Gael. broiside, a clasp; broisde, a brooch, Shaw. BROCHT, s. The art of puking. C. B. brock, spuma. To BROCK.
Su. G. brokug, brokig, party-coloured; Ir. breach, speckled; Gael. brucach, speckled in the face. BROCKLIE, adj. Brittle. BROD, s. A board, any flat piece of wood, a lid, S. A. Bor. breid, a shelf or board, Ray. Isl. broth, A. S. braed, bred, id. To BROD, v. a. Su. G. brodd, cuspis, aculeus; Isl. brodd, the point of an arrow; sometimes the arrow itself, a javelin, any pointed piece of iron or steel; brydd-a, pungere; Ir. Gael. brod-am, to spur, to stimulate. Brod, Brode, s. Broddit Staff, "A staff with a sharp point at the extremity," Gl. Sibb. Also called a pike-staff, S. This is the same with broggit-staff. V. Brog. BRODYRE, Isl. brodur, pl. broeder. Brodir-Dochter, s. A niece, S. A Swed. idiom. Brorsdotter, niece; brorson, nephew; brorsbarn, the children of a brother. BROD MALE, BRODMELL, s. The brood brought forth, or littered, at the same time. From A. S. brod, proles, and mael, tempus; or O. Germ, mael, consors, socius; whence ee-ghe-mael, conjunx, Kilian. Brod Sow, A sow that has a litter. To Hence broggit staff, mentioned as a substitute for an ax. The term prog-staff is now used in the same sense, q. v. Brog, s. BROG, BROGUE, s. A coarse and light kind of shoe, made of horse-leather, much used by the Highlanders, and by those who go to shoot in the hills, S. Ir. Gael. brog, a shoe. Lord Hailes. BROGH, s. Ye man bring brogh and hammer for't, i. e. You must bring proof for it, Loth. In the North of Germany, the phrase burg und emmer is used in a similar sense, as denoting legal security. Our brogh and Germ. burg both denote suretyship. The proper meaning of emmer is not known. To BROGLE, v. a. To prick, Loth. BROGUE, s. "A hum, a trick," S. Isl. brogd, astus, stratagemata, Verel. brigd, id. BROICE. Leg. Broite. To BROIGH, v. n. To be in a fume of heat; to be in a state of violent perspiration, and panting; Lanerks. BROILLERIE, s. A state of contention. Fr. brouillerie, confusion. BROK, BROCK, BROKS, s. Fragments of any kind, especially of meat; S. Moes. G. ga-bruko, Alem. bruch, id. Hence also Germ. brocke, a fragment. To Apparently formed as a frequentative from break; if not immediately from the s. BROKAR, s. A bawd, a pimp. This is merely a peculiar use of E. broker. BROKYLL, adj. Brittle. BROKITTIS, s. pl. The same with E. Brocket, a red deer of two years old. Fr. brocart, id. Douglas. BRONCHED, pret. Pierced. Probably an error for broched, from Fr. brocher. BRONDYN, part. pa. Branched. Fr. brondes, green boughs or branches. BRONYS, BROUNYS, BROWNIS, s. pl. Branches, boughs. From the same origin with the preceding word. To BRONSE, v. n. To overheat one's self in a warm sun, or by sitting too near a strong fire, S. Isl. bruni, inflammatio, Moes. G. brunsts, incendium. BRONT, part. pa. Burnt, S. brunt. BROO, s. Broth, juice, &c.
BROOSE, s. A race at country weddings.
A. S. ceales briu, kail-broo, S.; briwas niman, to take pottage or brose. BROT, BROTACH, s. A quilted cloth or covering, used for preserving the back of a horse from being ruffled by the Shimach, on which the pannels are hung, being fastened to a pack-saddle; Mearns. Isl. brot, plicatura. To BROTCH, v. a. To plait straw-ropes round a stack of corn, S. B.; synon. Brath, q. v. Isl. brus-a, to fasten. The word may be radically the same with froth; or allied to Isl. braede, braedde, liquefacio. To Brothe, v. n. To be in a state of profuse perspiration, S. BROTEKINS, BROTIKINS, s. pl. Buskins, a kind of half boots. Fr. brodequin, Teut. broseken, a buskin. BROUDSTER, s. Embroiderer. Fr. brod-er, to embroider. BROUKIT, BROOKED, BRUCKIT, BRUKET, adj. The face is said to be broukit, when it has spots or streaks of dirt on it, when it is partly clean and partly foul. A sheep, that is streaked or speckled in the face, is designed in the same manner. There can be no doubt that this is originally the same with Brocked, Broakit. We may add to the etymon there given, Dan. broged, variegated; speckled, grisled. BROW, s. Nae brow, no favourable opinion. "An ill brow," an opinion preconceived to the disadvantage of any person or thing, S. BROWDIN, BROWDEN, part. pa. Fond, warmly attached, eagerly desirous, having a strong propensity, S. It often implies the idea of folly in the attachment, or in the degree of it. It may be formed from Belg. broed-en, to brood, to hatch; all creatures being fond of their young.
C. B. brod-io, and Fr. brod-er, to embroider. Isl. brydd-a, pungere, brodd, aculeus. BROWDIN, part. pa. Expl. "clotted, defiled, filthy," Gl. Sibb. Teut. brodde, sordes. BROWDYNE, part. pa. Displayed, unfurled. A. S. braed-an, to dilate, to expand. BROWNIE, s. A spirit, till of late years supposed to haunt some old houses, those, especially, attached to farms. Instead of doing any injury, he was believed to be very useful to the family, particularly to the servants, if they treated him well; for whom, while they took their necessary refreshment in sleep, he was wont to do many pieces of drudgery, S. Ruddiman seems to think that these spirits were called Brownies, from their supposed "swarthy or tawny colour." They may be viewed as corresponding with the Swartalfar, i. e. swarthy or black elves of the Edda, as the Liosalfar, or white elves, are analogous to our Fairies. BROWST, BROWEST, s. Isl. brugg-a raed, invenire callida consilia; brugga suik, struere insidias. Browster, Browstare, s. A brewer, S. A. S. briw-an, coquere cerevisiam; Teut. brouw-en, id.; Isl. eg brugg-a, decoquo cerevisias. In the ancient Saxon, the termination ster affixed to a s. masculine, makes it feminine. Thus, baecestre properly signifies pistrix, "a woman-baker." Somn. To BRUB, v. a. To check, to restrain, to keep under, to oppress, to break one's spirit by severity, S. B.; allied perhaps to A. Bor. brob, to prick with a bodkin, Gl. Grose. BRUCHE, s. BRUCKIT, adj. BRUCKLE, adj. Brittle. BRUDERMAIST, adj. Most affectionate; literally, most brotherly. BRUE. s.
In Lothian, encampments of the circular form are called Ring-forts, from A. S. hring, orbis, circulus. 2. This name is also given to the stronger sort of houses in which the Picts are said to have resided. A. S. beorg, borh, munimentum, agger, arx, "a rampire, a place of defence and succour," Somner; burg, castellum, Lye. The origin is probably found in Moes. G. bairgs, mons. BRUICK, BRUK, s. A kind of boil, S. An inflamed tumour or swelling of the glands under the arm is called a bruick-boil, S. B., pron. as brook. Isl. bruk, elatio, tumor; expl. of a swelling that suppurates. To BRUIK, BRUKE, BROOK, v. a. To enjoy, to possess. A. S. bruc-an, Franc. gebruch-en, Su. G. Isl. bruk-a, Belg. bruyck-en, Germ. brauch-en, to use.
Teut. brokel, fragilis, from brok-en, frangere; Sw. braeckelig, id. Germ. brocklicht, crumbling. Bruckilness, Brokilness, s. BRUDY, adj. Prolific.
Fr. brouiller, to quarrel; Su. G. bryl-la, foerbrilla, to embroil. To BRUND, v. n. To emit sparks as a flint does when struck.—It's brundin, the fire flies from it, S. B. Su. G. brinn-a, to burn. Brunds, Brundis, Brwndys, s. pl. A. S. brond may be the origin; as in the second sense it merely denotes a firebrand almost entirely burnt out.
Belg. bruyssch-en, to foam or roar like the sea; Su. G. brus-a, sonare; De aquis cum impetu ruentibus aut fluctibus maris; Ihre.
To Sicamb. bruys-en, premere, strepere. To BRUSCH, v. n. To burst forth, to rush, to issue with violence. BRUSIT, part. pa. Embroidered. L. B. brusd-us, brust-us, acupictus; Du Cange. Brusury, s. Embroidery. BRUSSLE, s. Bustle, Loth. A. S. brastl-ian, strepere. To BRUST, v. n. To burst. Teut. brost-en, brusten, Sw. brist-a, id. BRWHS, s. Apparently, the same with To BU, BUE, v. n. To low. It properly denotes the cry of a calf, S. Lat. boo, —are, id.
Belg. bauw, a spectre; C. B. bo, a hobgoblin. Bu-kow, s. Any thing frightful, as a scarecrow, applied also to a hobgoblin, S. From bu, and kow, cow, a goblin. Bu-man, s. A goblin; the devil, S. used as Bu-kow.
Allied perhaps to Isl. bobbe, malum, noxae; or E. bob, to beat, as denoting the suddenness of its impulse. BUBBLY, adj. Snotty, S. A. Bor. Bubblyjock, s. The vulgar name for a turkey cock, S. synon. The name seems to have originated from the shape of his comb. BUCHT, s. A bending; a fold. To BUCK, v. n. To push, to butt, Perths. Alem. bock-en, to strike; Su. G. bock, impulsus. To BUCK out, v. n. To make a guggling noise. BUCKER, s. A name given to a species of whale, West of S. BUCKIE, BUCKY, s. Teut. buck-en, to bow, to bend; as this expresses the twisted form of the shell. 2. A perverse or refractory person is denominated a thrawn buckie, and sometimes, in still harsher language, a Deil's buckie, S. Buckie Ingram, that species of crab denominated Cancer bernardus, Newhaven. Buckie Prins, A periwinkle; Turbo terebra, Linn. Also called Water-spouts, Loth. To BUCKLE, v. a. To join two persons in marriage; used in a low or ludicrous sense, S. Buckle-the-beggars, s. One who marries others in a clandestine and disorderly manner, S. BUCKTOOTH, s. Any tooth that juts out from the rest, S. Sibb. derives this from Boks, q. v. Perhaps allied to Su. G. bok, rostrum. BUD, s. A gift; generally one that is meant as a bribe. C. B. budd, Corn. bud, profit, emolument. Or shall we view it as formed from A. S. bude, obtulit, q. the bribe that has been offered? To Bud, Budd, v. a. To endeavour to gain by gifts, to bribe. BUDGE, s. A kind of bill, used in warfare. O. Fr. bouge, boulge, faucille, serpe; Roquefort. BUFE, s. Beef, S. B. Fr. boeuf, id. Isl. bufe, cattle; from bu, an ox. To BUFF, v. n. To emit a dull sound, as a bladder filled with wind does, S. It played buff, S. It made no impression. Belg. boff-en, to puff up the cheeks with wind; Fr. bouff-er, id. To BUFF, v. a. To buff corn, to give grain half thrashing, S. "The best of him is buft," a phrase commonly used to denote that one's natural strength is much gone, S. Alem. buff-en, pulsare. To buff herring, to steep salted herrings in fresh water, and hang them up, S. Buff, s. A stroke, a blow, S. Fr. bouffe, a blow, L. B. buffa, alapa. To BUFF out, v. n. To laugh aloud, S. Fr. bouffee, a sudden, violent, and short blast, buff-ir, to spurt. BUFF, s. Nonsense, foolish talk, S. Teut. beffe, id. nugae, irrisio; Fr. buffoi, vanitÉ; also moquerie. BUFF, s. Skin. Stript to the buff, stript naked, S. Perhaps from E. buff, as denoting leather prepared from the skin of a buffalo. BUFF NOR STYE. He cou'd neither say buff nor stye, S. i. e. "He could neither say one thing nor another." It is also used, but, I suspect, improperly, in regard to one who has no activity; He has neither buff nor stye with him S. B. Teut. bof, celeusma, a cheer made by mariners. Stye might be viewed as referring to the act of mounting the shrouds, from Su. G. stig-a, to ascend. BUFFER, s. A foolish fellow; a term much used among young people, Clydes. Fr. bouffard, "often puffing, strouting out, swelling with anger," Cotgr. BUFFETS, s. pl. A swelling in the glands of the throat, Ang. ( BUFFETSTOOL, s. A stool with sides, in form of a square table with leaves, when these are folded down, S. Lincolns, id. Fr. buffet, a sideboard; expl. by Roquefort, dressoir, which denotes a board for holding plates without box or drawer. BUFFIE, BUFFLE, adj. Fat, purfled; applied to the face, S. Fr. bouffÉ, blown up, swollen. BUFFONS, s. pl. Pantomimic dances. Fr. boufons, those by whom they were performed. BUG, pret. Built. BUGE, s. "Lamb's fur; Fr. agnelin." Rudd. Fr. bouge, E. buge, id. BUGGE, s. A bugbear. BUGGLE, s. A bog, a morass, S. B. This seems to be merely a dimin. from Ir. and E. bog. BUGIL, BUGILL, s. A buglehorn. Q. buculae cornu, the horn of a young cow; or from Teut. boghel, Germ. bugel, curvatura. BUICK, pret. Court'sied; from the v. Beck. To BUIGE, v. n. To bow, to creenge. A. S. bug-an, to bend. BUIK, s. The body. BUIK, BUKE, pret. Baked. A. S. boc, coxit, from bac-an. BUIK, BUK, BUKE, s. A book, S. Germ. buch, Alem. bouch, Belg. boek, A. S. boc, Moes. G. Isl. Su. G. bok, id. It has been generally supposed, that the Northern nations give this name to a book, from the materials of which it was first made, bok signifying a beech-tree. Buik-lare, s. Learning, the knowledge acquired by means of a regular education, S. Buik-lear'd, Book-lear'd, adj. Book-learned, S. Isl. boklaerd-ur, id. V. Lare, v. and s. BUIR, Leg. Leuir. BUISE, To shoot the buise. Apparently, to swing, to be hanged; perhaps from Ital. busco, the shoot of a tree. BUIST, s. A part of female dress, anciently worn in S. Fr. busq, or buste, plated body, or other quilted thing, worn to make or keep the body straight. Ital. busto, stays or boddice.
O. Fr. boiste, Arm. bouest, a box. To Buist up, v. a. To inclose, to shut up. Buist-maker, s. A coffin-maker, Loth.; a term now nearly obsolete.
BUITH, s. A shop. BUITING, s. Booty. Fr. butin, Ital. butino, id. BUITS, s. pl. Matches for firelocks. To BUKK, v. a. To incite, to instigate. Germ. boch-en, to strike, bock-en, to push with the horn; Su. G. bock, a stroke; Isl. buck-a, calcitrare. BUK-HID, BUK-HUD, s. This seems to be an old name for some game, probably Blind man's Buff. BU-KOW, s. Any thing frightful; hence applied to a hobgoblin, S. BULDRIE, s. Building, or mode of building. BULYIEMENT, s. Habiliments; properly such as are meant for warfare. Bulyiements is still used ludicrously for clothing, S. To BULL, v. n. To take the bull; a term used with respect to a cow. Both the v. and s. are pron. q. bill, S. Bill-siller, S., is analogous to Teut. bolle-gheld, merces pro admissura tauri. To Su. G. bullr-a, tumultuari, strepitum edere. 2. To make a noise with the throat, as one does when gargling it with any liquid, S. Isl. baul-a, mugire, baul mugitus. 5. It is used as v. a. to denote the impetus or act productive of such a sound as is described above. Buller, Bulloure, s. Su. G. buller, strepitus. 2. A bellowing noise; or a loud roar, S. B. BULLETSTANE, s. A round stone, S. Isl. bollut-ur, round; bollut, convexity. To BULLIRAG, v. a. To rally in a contemptuous way, to abuse one in a hectoring manner, S. Isl. baul, bol, maledictio, and raegia, deferre, to reproach. BULLS, s. pl. Strong bars in which the teeth of a harrow are placed, S. B. Su. G. bol, Isl. bolr, truncus. BULL-SEGG, s. The great cat-tail or reedmace, Typha latifolia, Linn. S. B. BULL-SEGG, s. A gelded bull. BULTY, adj. Large, Fife. This may be allied to Teut. bult, gibbus, tuber; Belg. bult, a bunch, bultje, a little bunch; Isl. buld, crassus. BULWAND, s. The name given to common mugwort, Orkney, Caithn. To Belg. bomm-en, to resound; Teut. bomme, a drum. Bum, s. A humming noise, the sound emitted by a bee, S., Bumbee, s. A humblebee, a wild bee that makes a great noise, S. Bumble-bee, id. A. Bor. Q. the bee that bums. Bum-Clock, s. A humming beetle, that flies in the summer evenings. BU-MAN, s. A name given to the devil. BUMBARD, adj. Indolent, lazy. Ital. bombare, a humble-bee. Dunbar.
BUMBAZED, BOMBAZED, adj. Stupified, S. Q. stupified with noise; from Teut. bomme, tympanum, and baesen, delirare. BUMMACK, BUMMOCK, s. Isl. bua, parare, and mage socius, q. to make preparation for one's companions; or bo villa, incola, and mage, the fellowship of a village or of its inhabitants. BUMMIL, BUMMLE, BOMBELL, s. Expl. a drone, an idle fellow. Teut. bommele, fucus. To BUMMIL, v. a. To bungle; also, as v. n. to blunder, S. Bummeler, Bumler, s. A blundering fellow, S. BUMP, s. A stroke. "He came bump upon me," he came upon me with a stroke, S. Isl. bomps, a stroke against any object, bomp-a, cita ruina ferri. BUN, BUNN. s. A sweet cake or loaf, generally one of that kind which is used at the new year, baked with fruit and spiceries; sometimes for this reason called a sweetie-scone, S. Ir. bunna, a cake. BUN, s. Ir. bon, bun, the bottom of any thing; Dan. bund, id.; Gael. bun, bottom, foundation. BUN, s. A large cask placed in a cart, for the purpose of bringing water from a distance; Ang. This may be radically the same with S. BUNE, BOON, s. The inner part of the stalk of flax, the core, that which is of no use, afterwards called shaws, Ang. Been, id. Morays. BUNEWAND, s. The cow-parsnip, Heracleum sphondylium, is called Bunwand, S. B. This appears to be of the same meaning with BUNG, adj. Tipsy, fuddled; a low word, S. Q. Smelling of the bung. BUNKER, BUNKART, s. A. S. benc, Su. G. baenck, a bench; Isl. buncke, acervus, strues; a heap. BUNKLE, s. A stranger. "The dog barks, because he kens you to be a bunkle." This word is used in some parts of Angus. Perhaps originally a mendicant; from Isl. bon, mendicatio, and karl, vulgarly kall, homo. BUNNERTS, s. pl. Cow-parsnip, S. B. Heracleum sphondylium, Linn. Perhaps Q. biorn-oert, which in Sw. would be, the bear's wort. BUNTLING, s. Bantling, E., a bird, S.
This name is also given, S. to the Polygonum convolvulus, which in Sw. is called Binda. BUR, s. The cone of the fir, S. B. Su. G. barr denotes the leaves or needles of the pine. BUR-THRISSIL, s. The spear-thistle, S. Carduus lanceolatus. Bur-thistle, id. A. Bor. To BURBLE, v. n. To purl. Teut. borbel-en, scaturire.
Moes. G. baurgs; A. S. burg, burh, buruh, id. BURD, s. A lady, a damsel. BURD, BURDE, s. Board, table. Moes. G. baurd, asser, tabula, A. S. bord, id. Burdclaith, s. A tablecloth, S. Westmorel., id. From burd, and claith, cloth. BURDALANE, s. A term used to denote one who is the only child left in a family; q. bird alone, or, solitary; burd being the pron. of bird. BURDE, s. Ground, foundation. Su. G. bord, a footstool. Bellenden. BURDE, s. A strip, properly an ornamental salvedge; as a "burde of silk," a salvedge of silk. Su. G. borda, limbus vel praetexta; unde silkesborda, cingulum sericum vel limbus; gullbord, limbus aureus; Teut. boord, limbus. BURDYN, adj. Wooden, of or belonging to boards. A. S. bord, S. burd, buird, a board, a plank.
BURDINSECK. BURDIT, part. pa. Stones are said to be burdit, when they split into lamina, S. Perhaps from burd, a board; q. like wood divided into thin planks.
Isl. burdur, the habit of body, strength, propriae vires; afburdur menn, excellent men. BURDON, BURDOUN, BURDOWNE, s. Fr. bourdon, a pilgrim's staff; O. Fr. bourde, a baton; Isl. broddstafur, scipio, hastulus, hastile. 2. Be staff and burdon; a phrase respecting either investiture or resignation. BURDOUN, s. "The drone of a bag-pipe, in which sense it is commonly used in S." Fr. bourdon, id. BURDOWYS, s. Men who fought with clubs. Burdare, (Matt. Paris), is to fight with clubs, after the manner of clowns, qui, he says, Anglis Burdons. BUREDELY, adv. Forcibly, vigorously. BUREIL, BURAL, adj. Vulgar, rustic. Chaucer borel, id.; L. B. burell-us, a species of coarse cloth; Teut. buer, a peasant. BURG of ice, a whale-fisher's phrase for a field of ice floating in the sea, S., most probably from its resemblance of a castle. BURGENS, s. pl. Burgesses. Lat. burgens-es. BURGEOUN, s. A bud, a shoot. Fr. burgeon, id.; Su. G. boerja, oriri; Isl. bar, gemma arborum. BURIAN, s. A mound, a tumulus; or a kind of fortification, S. Aust. From A. S. beorg, burg, mons, acervus; or byrigenn, byrgene, sepulcrum, monumentum, tumulus.
Fr. bourreau, id.
From Belg. baur (boer) a husbandman, and law; or as Germ. bauer, A. S. bur, Isl. byr, signify a village, as well as a husbandman, the term may signify the law of the village or district. Burlie-Bailie, s. An officer employed to enforce the laws of the Burlaw-courts. BURLED, BURLIT, part. pa. Does this signify burnt, from Fr. brul-er? BURLY, s. A crowd, a tumult, S. B. Teut. borl-en, to vociferate. Hence E. hurly-burly. BURLY, BUIRLIE, adj. Stately, strong; as applied to buildings. Teut. boer, Germ. bauer, a boor, with the termination lic, denoting resemblance. BURLINS, s. pl. The bread burnt in the oven in baking, S. q. burnlins. BURN, s. Moes. G. brunna, Su. G. brunn, Isl. brunn-ur, Germ. brun, Teut. burn, borne, a well, a fountain; Belg. bornwater, water from a well. A rivulet, a brook. S. A. Bor. Douglas. 2. E. bourn. In this sense only A. S. burn, and byrna, occur; or as signifying a torrent. 3. The water used in brewing, S. B. Burnie, Burny, is sometimes used as a dimin. denoting a small brook, S. To BURN, v. a. BURNET, adj. Of a brown colour. Fr. brunette, a dark brown stuff formerly worn by persons of quality. BURNEWIN, s. A cant term for a blacksmith, S.
Isl. brendu silfri, id. Snorro Sturleson shews that skirt silfr, i. e. pure silver, and brennt silfr, are the same. BURR, BURRH, s. The whirring sound made by some people in pronouncing the letter r; as by the inhabitants of Northumberland, S. This word seems formed from the sound. BURRA, s. The most common kind of rush, Orkn.; there the Juncus squarrosus. BURRACH'D, part. pa. Inclosed. To BURRIE, v. a. To overpower in working, to overcome in striving at work, S. B. Allied perhaps to Fr. bourrer, Isl. ber-ia, to beat. BURRY, adj. Either rough, shaggy, from Fr. bourru, "flockie, hairie, rugged," Cotgr. or savage, cruel, from Fr. bourreau, an executioner. V. Burio. BURROWE-MAIL, BURSAR, s. One who receives the benefit of an endowment in a college, for bearing his expences during his education there, S. L. B. Bursar-ius, a scholar supported by a pension; Fr. boursier, id. from L. B. bursa, an ark, Fr. bourse, a purse. Bourse also signifies "the place of a pensioner in a college," Cotgr. Bursary, Burse, s. The endowment given to a student in a university, an exhibition, S. BURSIN, BURSTEN, part. pa. BUS, s. A bush, S. buss. BUSCH, s. Boxwood, S. B. Belg. bosse-boom, busboom, Fr. bouis, buis, Ital. busso, id. To BUSCH, v. n. To lay an ambush; pret. buschyt O. E. bussed. R. Brunne. Ital. bosc-are, imbosc-are, from bosco, q. to lie hid among bushes. Buschement, s. Ambush. O. E. bussement. R. Brunne. To BUSE, BUST, v. a. To inclose cattle in a stall, S. B. A. S. bosg, bosig, praesepe; E. boose, a stall for a cow, Johns. To BUSH, v. a. To sheathe, to inclose in a case or box, S.; applied to the wheels of carriages. Su. G. Belg. bosse, a box or case of any kind. BUSH, interj. Expressive of a rushing sound, as that of water spouting out, Tweedd. L. B. bus-bas, a term used to denote the noise made by fire-arms or arrows in battle. To BUSK, v. a. Germ. butz-en, buss-en, Belg. bocts-en, Su. G. puts-a, puss-a, ornare, decorare; Germ. butz, buss, ornatus; hence butz frau, a well-dressed woman. 2. To prepare, to make ready, in general, S. Busking, s. Dress, decoration.
Su. G. Isl. buske, Germ. busch, Belg. bosch, frutex. Ital. bosco, wood. BUSKENING, s. Apparently high-flown language, like that used on the stage; from E. buskin, the high shoe anciently worn by actors. BUSSIN, s. A linen cap or hood, worn by old women, much the same as Toy, q. v. West of S. Perhaps from Moes. G. buss-us, fine linen, Gr. ?ss????, id. BUSSING, s. Covering. Perhaps from Germ. busch, fascis, a bundle, a fardel. BUST, s. A box. BUST, BOOST, s. "Tar mark upon sheep, commonly the initials of the proprietor's name," Gl. Sibb. Perhaps what is taken out of the tar-bust or box. To BUST, v. a. To powder, to dust with flour, Aberd. This v. is probably formed from bust, buist, a box, in allusion to the meal-buist. To BUST, v. a. To beat, Aberd. Isl. boest-a, id. BUSTINE, adj. "Fustian, cloth," Gl. Perhaps it rather respects the shape of the garment; from Fr. buste, "the long, small or sharp-pointed, and hard-quilted belly of a doublet;" Cotgr. BUSTUOUS, BUSTEOUS, adj. Su. G. bus-a, cum impetu ferri; Teut. boes-en, impetuose pulsare. Bustuousness, s. Fierceness, violence BUT, prep. Without. BUT, adv. A. S. bute, buta, Teut. buyten, extra, foras; forth, out of doors. BUT, s. The outer apartment of a house, S. BUT, prep. Besides. A. S. butan, praeter. BUT, v. imp. Expressive of necessity, S. BUT, s. Let, impediment, S. This is merely the prep. used as a substantive. BUT AND, prep. Besides. BUTER, BUTTER, s. Bittern. BUTT, s. Fr. bout, end, extremity. L. B. butta terrae, agellus. 3. Those parts of the tanned hides of horses which are under the crupper, are called butts, probably as being the extremities, S. BUTWARDS, adv. Towards the outer part of a room, S. B. BWNIST, adj. Uppermost. From boon, contr. from abone, above, corresponding to modern |
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