The Political History of England - Vol. X. / The History of England from the Accession of George III / to the close of Pitt's first Administration

INDEX.

William Hunt

Abercromby, Sir Ralph, 377, 389;

commander-in-chief in Ireland, 405, 406, 430, 436, 439.

Abington, Mrs., 258.

Abukir bay, 417, 439. See Nile, battle of the.

Academy, Royal, 262.

A'Court, General, 52.

Acre, siege of, 418, 419.

Acton, Sir John, 427.

Adam, William, advocate, 358.

Adam, Robert, architect, 262.

Adams, John, 132, 134.

Adams, Samuel, 60, 109, 124-126, 132, 142, 147.

Addington, Henry (afterwards Viscount Sidmouth), 187;

speaker, 315, 452, 453;

first lord of treasury and chancellor of exchequer, 454.

Agricultural revolution, 273-278.

Aiguillon, Duc d', 114, 115.

Aitken, James, "John the Painter," 170.

Albany (U.S.A.), 172, 173, 176, 178-180.

Albemarle, Earl of (Keppel), general, 37.

Alessandria, convention signed at, 437.

Alexandria taken by the French, 416.

Alien act, 341, 403.

Alkmaar, 430.

Allen, Ethan, 144, 151.

Almon, John, 116, 324.

Alvinzi, Austrian general, 382, 390.

Ambleteuse, 401.

Amboy (U.S.A.), 169.

American colonies, proposed taxation of, 54, 57;

trade advantages of, 55;

contraband trade of, 56;

stamp duty imposed upon, 59, 60;

troubles in, 61;

claim exemption from taxation, 62, 63;

the Townshend duties in, 83, 84;

penal laws against Massachusetts, 128;

quartering bill in, 129;

first continental congress, 132;

outbreak of war in, 139;

second congress, the "United Colonies," 146;

declaration of Independence, 158.

American War of Independence, 139-169, 172-188, 191, 193-198, 214-216, 218-226, 238-244.

Amherst, Sir Jeffrey (later baron), 58, 89, 186.

Amsterdam, 209;

pensionary of, 210.

Andover, parliamentary election for, 19.

AndrÉ, Major, 215, 216.

Anson, George, Lord Anson, admiral, first lord of the admiralty, 8, 16, 29, 35.

Anti-jacobin, the, 399.

Antwerp, conference at, 349.

Arbuthnot, Marriot, admiral, 219.

Architecture, state of, 261.

Arcola, battle of, 390.

Arcot, capture of, 196, 237;

nawÁb of, 232.

Arden, Pepper, master of the rolls, 306.

Arklow (Ireland), battle of, 411.

Arkwright, Richard, 271, 272.

Armagh, Archbishop of (William Stuart), 45.

Armed Neutrality, leagues of, 208-210, 441, 442.

Armistead, Mrs., 309.

Arnold, Benedict, 144, 151, 152, 156, 166, 178;

treachery of, 215, 216, 221-223, 225.

Artois, Comte d', 376, 377.

Asaf-ud-DaulÁ, nawÁb wazÍr of Oudh, 249.

Atholl, Duke of (Stewart Murray), 63.

Auckland, Earl of. See Eden, William.

Augsburg, proposed congress at, 23.

Austen, Jane, 260.

Austria. See Francis II.; Joseph II.; Leopold II.

Austria, makes war for Silesia, 17, 23, 24, 36;

joins the league of armed neutrality, 208;

aggressive policy under Joseph II., 297-298;

war with Turks, 325-326;

agreement with Prussia against revolution in France, 334;

war with France, 334, 337;

joins the first coalition, 340;

aims of, 351, 361;

renews hostilities, 374;

losses in Italy, 380;

peace with France, 390, 397;

joins second coalition, 423;

deserts it, 440.

Austrian Netherlands, plan of exchange 297, 349, 351;

revolt of, 325, 326;

French party in, 331;

French invasion of, 336, 337;

occupation of, 342;

French evacuate, 349;

French conquest of, 360-363;

surrender of proposed, 383;

emperor surrenders, 397;

Belgium ceded to France, 440.

Bacon, John, sculptor, 263.

Bahama islands, 217, 243.

Bakewell, Robert, grazier, 275.

Ballinamuck, battle of, 414.

Baltimore (U.S.A.), 168, 225.

Bank of England, suspension of cash payments, 387, 388;

grants a loan, 435.

Banks, Sir Joseph, 263.

Barbadoes, 199, 227.

Barras, Comte de, 224.

BarrÉ, Isaac, colonel, 52, 59, 107, 117, 130, 139, 238, 240, 253.

Barri, Madame du, 114.

Barrier treaty (1713), 297.

Barrington, Samuel, admiral, 195, 202.

Barrington, Viscount (Barrington), 20, 35;

secretary at war, 68, 96, 153.

Basle, treaty between Prussia and France signed at, 374.

Bass, George, 264.

Bastia, captured by British, 363.

Bastille, fall of the, 316.

Bath, Earl of (Pulteney), 16.

Bathurst, Earl (previously Lord Apsley); lord chancellor, 115;

lord president of council, 203.

Bavaria, Elector of, subsidiary treaty between Great Britain and, 436.

See Austrian Netherlands for plan of exchange.

BaxÁr, battle of, 78.

Beaufoy, Henry, M.P., 295.

Beaumarchais, dramatist, 182.

Beckford, William, alderman, 32, 76, 100, 107, 110, 111;

death of, 116, 260.

Bedford, Duke of (Russell), 8, 26, 31;

privy seal, 32-34;

ambassador at Paris, 38, 44, 46-48;

lord president of the council, 49, 52, 65-67, 89, 100, 274, 359.

Belgium. See Austrian Netherlands.

Belle Ile, capture of, 15, 23, 24, 26, 40.

Bennington, battle at, 177.

Beresford, John, 369, 370.

Bergues, 353.

Bernard, Sir Francis, governor of Massachusetts, 82, 88;

recalled, 91.

Bewick, John, 263.

Bewick, Thomas, 263.

Bill of Rights Society, 104.

Birmingham riots. See Riots.

Black, Joseph, 263.

Blackstock, battle at, 221.

Blackstone, Sir William, his Commentaries on the Laws of England, 6, 261.

Blake, William, artist poet, 260.

Blanca, Florida (corr. Florida Blanca), 210, 319, 320.

Bligh, Captain, 263.

Bloomsbury gang, 87.

Bloomsbury Square. See London.

Bolingbroke, Viscount (St. John), his Idea of a Patriot King, 6.

Bompard, Admiral, 415.

Bonaparte, Joseph, 439.

Bonaparte, Napoleon, 375;

first Italian expedition, 380-383, 390, 397, 401, 402, 414;

his Egyptian campaign, 415-417;

his Syrian campaign, 418-420, 424, 431;

first consul, 432;

negotiates with England for peace, 433, 436;

second Italian expedition, 437;

offers peace to the emperor, 437, 438;

proposes naval armistice with Great Britain, 440;

makes a treaty with the United States, 442;

schemes against England, 443, 445.

Bonhomme Richard, the, 197.

Boscawen, Admiral, 15.

Boston, opposition to stamp act, 60, 61;

massacre, 109, 124, 125;

riot, 126-128;

port bill, 129;

harbour closed, 132, 138;

siege of, 139, 142;

evacuation of, 155, 157, 161, 179, 194, 198.

BouillÉ, Marquis de, 227.

Bounties, 273, 274;

corn, 404;

on importation of wheat, 435, 444, 445.

Bouquet, Colonel, 58.

Boydell, John, 263.

Braddock, General, 146.

Brandywine, battle of the, 174.

Brant, Joseph, Mohawk chief, 178.

Braxfield, Robert, Lord Braxfield (Macqueen), 357.

Breeds hill (U.S.A.), 148.

Bremen, 362.

Brest, 193, 197, 217, 226, 386, 390, 432.

Briand, Bishop, 152.

Bridgewater, Duke of (Egerton), 271.

Bridport, Viscount (Alexander Hood), admiral, 376, 387, 390.

Brindley, James, 271.

Bristol, Burke returned as member for, 136;

rejected, 212;

corporation of, 186;

petition from, 138.

Bristol, Earl of (George William Hervey), ambassador at Madrid, 27-29, 32.

Bristol, Earl of (Frederick Augustus Hervey), Bishop of Derry, 289.

Broglie, Marshal de, 14.

Brooklyn (Long Island), battle of, 164, 169.

Bruce, James, 264.

Brueys, Admiral, 416, 417.

BrÜckenmÜhle, battle of, 36.

Brune, French general, 430, 440.

Brunswick (Canada), 167, 169.

Brunswick, Charles, Duke of, 154.

Brunswick, Charles William Ferdinand, Prince and Duke of, 300, 336, 351, 354, 360.

Brunswick, Ferdinand, Prince of, 14, 36.

Brussels, 360;

French occupation of, 361.

Buccarelli, governor of Buenos Ayres, 113, 114.

Buckingham House. See London.

Buckingham, Marquis of. See Temple, Earl.

Buckinghamshire, Earl of (Hobart), Viceroy of Ireland, 202.

Buckinghamshire, Lady, 257.

Buenos Ayres, expedition against, 38.

Bunbury, Sir Charles, 257, 260.

Bunker hill, battle of, 148-150, 152, 155, 185.

Burgoyne, Sir John, general, 37, 122, 145, 147, 155, 156, 166, 172-181, 183, 186, 191.

Burke, Edmund, speech on American colonies, 70, 89, 99;

opposed to parliamentary reform, 105;

Thoughts on the Causes of the Present Discontents, by, 106, 107, 110, 116-121, 127-130, 136, 137, 139, 145, 160, 169, 170, 188, 192, 200-202;

economical reform, 203, 204, 212, 213, 217, 226;

paymaster of forces, 229, 240, 246, 247, 249, 250, 253, 255, 261, 265, 266, 268;

opposes Pitt's India bill, 286, 288, 302-304, 314, 322, 327;

Reflections on the French Revolution, by, 329;

quarrel with Fox, 330;

Appeal from the New to the Old Whigs, by, 330, 333, 339-342;

on war with France, 347;

retires from parliament, 366;

urges relief of catholic disabilities, 367;

Letter on a Regicide Peace, by, 382, 385;

death of, 396.

Burkersdorf, battle of, 36.

Burney, Fanny (Madame d'Arblay), 260.

Burns, Robert, 260.

Bushy Run, Indians defeated at, 58.

Bussy, Comte de, 24-27.

Bute, Earl of (Stuart), 5;

enters cabinet, 8, 11, 12;

acts with Pitt, 15;

his insincerity, 17;

his peace policy, 17;

his power secured, 19-20;

secretary of state, 20-23, 26, 28, 29, 31-34;

first lord of the treasury, 35, 42, 43;

retires from office, 44, 45;

king's private adviser, 45-49, 51-52, 65, 66;

ceases to be, 67, 112, 187.

Butler, John, colonel, 178, 194.

Byron, Commodore, 263.

Cabinet, changes in the character of the, 7-9;

system, 7-9, 33, 229;

George III.'s first, how composed, 8;

councils, reports and notices of, 8, 12, 28-30, 35, 60, 70, 76, 90, 206, 229, 238, 246, 310, 312, 369, 383, 452;

sovereign ceases to preside over council, 12.

Cadiz, 199, 211, 388, 390, 395, 439.

CÆsar's camp, capture of, 350, 351.

Caldiero, 390.

Calonne, French minister, 331.

Cambrai, 360.

Cambridge (U.S.A.), 143, 148, 151.

Camden, 219;

battle of, 220, 223.

Camden, Charles, first Earl (Pratt), chief justice of the common pleas, 47;

created Baron Camden, 68, 71;

chancellor, 74, 76, 90, 100, 101;

dismissed from office, 102, 116;

lord president of the council, 229, 287, 324.

Camden, John Jeffries, second Earl, 370, 385, 412.

Campbell, Colonel, 195.

Camperdown, battle of, 398.

Campo Formio, treaty of, 397, 436, 437.

Canada, conquest of, 1, 2, 23, 26, 40, 57;

Quebec act, 129-131, 133, 146;

congress orders an invasion of, 151, 152, 155, 166, 172, 176;

France renounces all claim on, 183;

Franklin proposes the cession of, to the Americans, 239-240;

Pitt's Canada bill, 329-330.

Canals, 271.

Canning, George, 372, 396;

under secretary for foreign affairs, 399, 433, 452, 454.

Canterbury, Archbishops of, John Moore, 451;

Thomas Seeker, 60.

Cape Breton, 23, 24, 26, 40, 129.

Cape de Verde islands, 237.

Cape Fear, 157.

Cape St. Vincent, battle of, 388, 389.

Caracciolo, Francesco, 429.

Carhampton, Earl of. See Luttrell, Henry Lawes.

Carleton, Sir Guy, 130, 151, 152, 155, 156, 166-168;

resigns office, 173;

at New York, 228, 242.

Carlisle, Earl of (Howard), 202;

viceroy of Ireland, 232, 233, 243, 245, 340.

Carlton house. See London.

Carmarthen, Earl of (Osborne), afterwards Duke of Leeds, foreign secretary, 251, 297, 298, 300, 321, 325;

resigns office, 328, 333.

Carnot, organiser of victories, 353, 354, 396.

Caroline of Brunswick. See Wales, Princess of.

Caroline of Denmark, queen, sister of George III., 119.

Carronades, 233.

Carron ironworks, 270.

Cassano, battle of, 425.

Cassel, 14;

surrender of, 36.

Carteret, Philip, R.N., 263.

Cartwright, Edmund, 273.

Castlebar, the race of, 413.

Castlereagh, Viscount (Stewart), secretary of state for Ireland, 447, 449, 450, 452.

Catherine II., Empress of Russia, 36;

alliance with Frederick of Prussia, 74, 75, 114, 208, 209, 296, 297, 299, 324-328, 331, 338, 349, 351, 374;

death of, 384, 390, 441.

Cavendish, Lord John, chancellor of the exchequer, 229, 240, 246, 263.

Cawdor, Lord (Campbell), 387.

Ceylon, Dutch settlements in, taken by the English, 378.

Chait Singh (rÁjÁ of Benares), 248, 249.

Chambers, Sir William, 262.

ChamblÉe (Canada), 151.

Charlemont, Earl of (Caulfield), 94, 202, 232, 289.

Charles, Archduke, 382, 425, 426, 439.

Charles Emmanuel, King of Sardinia, 349, 354, 425.

Charles VII., King of Denmark, 441.

Charles III., King of Spain, 24-25, 114.

Charleston (U.S.A.), 148, 149, 157, 198, 219, 221, 223.

Charlotte, Princess, 373.

Charlotte Sophia, queen of George III., 22, 313.

Charlotte (U.S.A.), 220.

Chatham, first Earl of. See Pitt, William, the elder.

Chatham, second Earl of. See Pitt, John.

Chatterton, Thomas, 259.

Chauvelin, French ambassador to England, 324, 336, 337, 339, 340-343.

Chesterfield, Earl of (Stanhope, Philip Dormer), 94, 261.

Choiseul, Duc de, 23-29, 74, 112, 114, 192.

Chouans, the, 376.

Christian, Admiral, 377.

Churchill, Charles, satirist, 43.

Cider tax, 43;

repealed, 72.

Civil list settled, 13;

arrears of, 80, 99, 108, 171, 231, 284;

Burke's proposed reform of, 204, 213;

curtailment of the expenditure of, 238.

Clairfait, Austrian general, 361, 375.

Clare, Earl of. See Fitzgibbon, John.

Clarkson, Thomas, philanthropist, 295.

Clerk of Eldin, naval tactician, 235.

Clinton, Sir Henry, 145, 149, 157, 164, 168, 174, 175, 178-181, 193-195, 197-198, 215, 216, 218-226, 228.

Clive, Robert, Baron Clive, 1;

returns to England, 76;

succeeded in India by Vansittart, 77;

made governor of Bengal, 78;

returns to England, 79;

parliamentary inquiry held into the conduct of, 122;

death of, 123, 248.

Clubs. See London.

Coalition ministry, the, 244-246, 249-250;

dismissed, 251.

Coalitions against France, the first, 349, 351, 363;

the second, 420, 421, 423.

Cobenzl, imperial ambassador, 439, 440.

Coblentz, 331.

Coburg, Duke of, 350, 351, 353, 354, 360, 361.

Colberg, surrender of, 14.

Coleridge, Samuel T., 260.

Collier, Sir George, admiral, 197, 198.

Collingwood, Captain, R.N., 388, 389.

Colman, George (the younger), 258.

Colonial policy of Great Britain, 54-63, 69, 70-72, 84, 88-91, 109-110, 121-128.

Colooney, Vereker defeated by French at, 414.

Commutation tax, 284.

Conciliation bills, 138, 139, 145, 146.

Concord (U.S.A.), 140, 144, 145.

CondÉ, Prince of, 316, 350, 354.

Connecticut (U.S.A.), 61, 134, 143, 144, 167, 197, 225.

Constantinople, 327, 328, 418.

Constitutional Information, Society for, 335, 338.

Conway, Henry Seymour, 52, 59;

secretary of state, 68, 69, 73, 75, 80, 82;

resigns office, 87, 102, 103, 112, 225;

commander-in-chief, 229.

Cook, Captain, 263.

Cooke, Edward, Irish under-secretary, 446.

Coote, Sir Eyre, 237, 238.

Copenhagen Fields, meeting in. See London.

CÓrdova, Don Luis de, Spanish admiral, 211, 388.

Cornwall, Charles Wolfran, speaker, 213;

death of, 313.

Cornwallis, Lord, general, 157, 167, 168, 174, 175, 198, 219-226, 249;

his mission to Frederick II., 299;

governor-general of India, 305;

created marquis, 305, 328;

master-general of ordnance, 366;

lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 412-414, 419, 446, 447, 449, 452.

Corsica, 74;

French annexation of, 98, 112;

English conquest of, 363, 375;

loss of, 382.

Cort of Gosport, 270.

Cowpens, battle at the, 221.

Cowper, William, 259, 265.

Crabbe, George, 259.

Crewe, Mrs., 283.

Crillon, Duc de, 236.

Crimea, conquest of, 327.

Criminal law, administration of the. See England.

Crompton, Samuel, inventor, 271.

Crosby, Brass, lord-mayor of London, 118.

Crown Point (Canada), fort, 144, 146, 166, 176.

Cuddalore, battle of, 237, 238.

Cumberland, William, Duke of (uncle of George III.), 4;

head of section of whigs, 34, 40;

helps the king to form a ministry, 65, 67;

sudden death of, 69, 257.

Cumberland, Henry Frederick, Duke of (brother of George III.), 119.

Cumberland, Richard, dramatist, 258.

CuraÇao, under British protection, 439.

Curtis, Captain, R.N., 236.

Customs duties, Pitt's bill for consolidation of the, 294, 295.

For Colonial see American Colonies.

Cuxhaven occupied by Prussians, 442.

D'AchÉ, French commodore, 2.

Darby, Admiral, 211, 217.

Dashwood, Sir Francis (afterwards Lord Despencer), chancellor of the exchequer, 35, 43;

retires from office, 45, 50.

Darlington, Countess of, 145.

Dartmouth, Earl of (William Legge), secretary for colonies, 124, 128, 136-138, 145, 153, 156, 157;

privy seal, 159, 265.

Daulat RÁo Sindhia (MarÁthÁ lord), 419.

Dauphin, the. See Louis XVII.

Dawson, Nancy (afterwards Lady Maynard), 86.

Deane, Silas, 170, 181.

Debates, publication of. See Parliament.

Debating societies, bill for restricting, 434.

Declaratory act, American, 71, 72, 160.

Declaration of independence, American, 158, 182.

Denmark, proposed defensive alliance with, 75;

joins the league of armed neutrality, 208;

quarrel with England, 441;

joins the maritime confederacy, 442.

Derby race, the first, 257.

Devonshire, Duke of (Cavendish), 8, 20, 29, 31, 34, 35, 40, 48.

Devonshire, Duchess of, Georgiana, 283.

Diamond (Ireland), battle at, 385.

Dickinson, John, The Farmer's Letters by, 85.

Dixon, Wexford rebel, 412.

Djezzar, pasha of Syria, 418.

Dogger Bank, battle off the, 212.

Dolben, Sir Samuel, 296.

Dominica, 14, 24, 40, 195;

battle off (Battle of the Saints), 235, 243, 377.

Donegal, Lord (Chichester), 92.

Dorchester heights (near Boston), 148, 154.

Douglas, Dr. John, Bishop of Salisbury, his Seasonable Hints, 16.

Douglas, Sir Charles, captain of fleet, 234, 235.

Dowdeswell, William, chancellor of the exchequer, 68, 99, 107, 108, 116, 117, 128.

Draper, Sir William, general, 38.

Dublin, 370, 407, 409, 447.

Duddingston, lieutenant, 125.

Duels and Duelling. See England.

Dugommier, 355.

Dumouriez, 334, 337, 349.

Duncan, Admiral, 390, 393, 394, 398;

created Viscount Duncan of Camperdown, 398, 399, 400.

Dundas, Henry (first Viscount Melville), 247;

India Bill introduced by, 249-250;

treasurer of navy, 251, 284, 286, 303-306, 309;

secretary of state, 366, 367, 377, 438, 451, 452, 454.

Dundas, Sir David, general, 362.

Dunkirk, 74, 243, 351;

siege of, 353, 401.

Dunmore, Earl of (Murray), 156.

Dunning, John (afterwards Baron Ashburton), 102, 139, 169, 170, 204, 229, 238.

Dutch. See Holland and United Provinces.

Dutens, Louis, 251.

East India Company. See India.

Economical reform, 203, 231;

petitions for, from towns, 204.

Economic progress. See England.

Eden, William (afterwards Earl of Auckland), 233, 293;

created Lord Auckland, 350;

postmaster-general, 451.

Edgcumbe, Lord (Edgcumbe), treasurer of the household, 75.

Edgeworth, Maria, 260.

Effingham, Earl of (Howard), 159.

Egmont, Lord (Perceval), first lord of the admiralty, 54, 68.

Egremont, Earl of (Wyndham), secretary of state, 32, 46;

death of, 47, 257.

El Arish, captured, 418;

convention of, 432.

Eldon, Lord. See Scott, John.

Elections, general. See Parliament.

Elections, Grenville's act. See Parliament.

Eliott, George Augustus, general, 196, 211;

created Baron Heathfield, 236, 341.

Elizabeth, Empress of Russia, 33.

Elliot, Sir Gilbert (afterwards Lord Minto), 341, 437.

Ellis, Welbore (afterwards Baron Mendip), treasurer of navy, 192;

secretary of state, 228.

Emmet, Thomas, 368.

Emperor, the. See Francis II., Joseph II. and Leopold II.

Enclosures and enclosure acts. See England.

England:—

Criminal law, administration of the, 265-266.

Duels and duelling, 50, 204, 257, 403-404.

Economic progress, 269-279, 281.

Enclosures and enclosure acts, 274-276.

Machinery and steam and water power, 270-273.

Manufactures, 200, 207;

glass, 202;

woollen, 202;

iron, 269;

cotton, 269, 272, 273;

silk, 276.

Mercantile system, 269.

Social progress, 255-268.

Trade of, 268, 269, 270, 443.

Erskine, Thomas (afterwards Lord Erskine), 306, 324, 335, 358.

Essay on Woman, 50.

Estaing, Count d', 193, 195, 198, 199.

Eutaw springs, battle at, 223.

Ewart, Joseph, British ambassador at Berlin, 298, 299.

Factories, employment of children in, 278.

Falkland islands, Spain and the, 112-114.

Falmouth, Earl (Boscawen), 135.

Falmouth (Portland, Me.), 135, 154.

Family compact (Bourbon), 25, 28, 33, 74, 112, 320, 321.

Farren, Elizabeth (afterwards Countess of Derby), 288.

Feathers petition, the, 118, 119.

Ferdinand IV., King of Naples, 380, 382, 422, 423, 426-429, 431.

Ferguson, Major, 220.

Ferrol attacked, 439.

Fitzgerald, Lady Edward (Pamela), 386.

Fitzgerald, Lord Edward, 386, 406, 407.

Fitzgibbon, John (afterwards Earl of Clare), 369-371, 406, 446.

Fitzherbert, Mrs., 308.

Fitzwilliam, Earl (Wentworth-Fitzwilliam), 340;

president of council, 366;

lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 368, 369;

recalled, 370, 372, 385.

Flaxman, John, 263.

Fleurus, battle of, 361.

Flinders, Matthew, discoverer, 264.

Flood, Henry, 94, 289, 232.

Floridas, 41, 195, 196;

reduced, 197, 211;

ceded to Spain, 243.

Foley, Sir Thomas, captain, R.N., 417.

Fontainebleau, treaty of, 299, 338.

Foote, Samuel, dramatist, 258, 427.

Fort Edward, surrender of, 176-178.

Fort George, 177, 178.

Fort Lee, surrender of, 167.

Fort Pitt, 58.

Fort Royal (Martinique), 218, 226, 234.

Fort St. James (Africa), 243.

Fort Stanwix, 176, 178.

Fort Washington, surrender of, 167.

Fort Western (Augusta, Me.), 151.

Fox, Charles James (son of Henry Fox, Baron Holland), 95, 118, 120;

resigns office and re-enters the ministry, 121;

dismissed from office, 127, 160, 162, 169, 170, 186, 190, 191, 202, 204, 212-214, 226, 228;

foreign secretary, 229, 230, 232, 233, 238, 239;

resigns seals, 240, 243;

forms a coalition with North, 244, 245;

secretary of state, 246;

India bills, 249, 254, 256-258, 280-284;

opposes Pitt's India bill, 286, 288, 290, 291, 293-296, 302, 303, 306-314;

views on the French revolution, 317, 318, 322, 323;

libel bill, 324, 327-330, 332, 333, 335-337, 340, 341, 343, 344, 347, 356;

desires peace, 357, 358-359, 373, 374, 378-380, 384, 388, 392, 399;

opposes Pitt's budget, 400;

removed from privy council, 402, 403, 404, 433, 434.

Fox, Henry (afterwards Lord Holland), 21, 35, 39-40, 43;

created Baron Holland, 44, 49, 67, 95.

"Fox's Martyrs," 254.

Fox, Stephen, 256.

France, loss of her colonies and maritime power, 1-2;

anxious for peace, 23;

negotiations with, 23-27;

alliance with Spain, 25-33;

peace with, signed, 40, 41;

Bourbon schemes of aggrandisement, 74;

annexes Corsica, 98;

navy of, 112;

refuses to help Spain against England, 114;

alliance with Americans, 181-183, 187, 191;

philosophic movement in, 182;

war between England and, 193, 195, 211, 217-220, 227-236;

accepts the propositions of Russia with regard to neutrals, 208;

schemes of conquests, 211, 236;

peace between England and, 242, 243;

commercial and navigation treaties with, 257, 293, 294;

attempts upon Holland by, 295-301;

war declared with Francis II., 324;

treaty of commerce with, 1786, 341;

war declared with England and Holland, 342;

first coalition against, 349;

treaty between the United Provinces and, 363;

treaty with Grand Duke of Tuscany, 363;

treaty with Spain, 363;

second coalition against, 420.

See French Revolution.

France, revolutionary army of, 350, 353.

Francis, Philip, 99, 100, 247, 286, 302.

Francis II. of Austria, 334, 336, 337, 349, 390, 397.

Frankfort, capture of, 337.

Franklin, Benjamin, 59, 125-127, 136, 138, 145, 155, 156, 182, 228, 239, 240, 242, 243.

Frederick the Great, of Prussia, his

alliance with England, 2;

his Silesian war, 13-14;

subsidy to, 2, 17, 23, 26, 27, 33;

British subsidy refused, 34;

offended, 40-42;

declines Chatham's proposal for a defensive alliance, 75, 154, 160;

America seeks help from, 182, 208;

joins the league of armed neutrality, 208-209, 298;

death of, 299.

Frederick William II. of Prussia, 299, 300, 325-328, 331, 334, 338-339, 351, 354, 360, 361, 363, 374.

Frederick William III. of Prussia, 421, 423, 436, 437, 440, 442.

Freeman's Farm, battle of, 178.

French Revolution, 315;

meeting of states-general at Versailles, 316;

national assembly, 316;

bread riots in Paris, 317;

views of Burke on the, 318, 329;

flight of Louis XVI., 330;

the new constitution accepted, 331;

insurrection in Paris, 336;

king and queen imprisoned, 336;

allied armies enter France, 337;

revolutionary societies, 338, 339;

execution of Louis XVI., 342;

war declared against England, 342, 343;

fighting in the Netherlands, 349-351;

surrender of Toulon, 352;

second committee of public safety, 353;

the Vendeans appeal to England for help, 354;

siege and evacuation of Toulon, 355;

siege of Landrecies, 360;

capitulation, 361;

fall of Robespierre, 372;

new constitution adopted, 375;

expedition to Quiberon, 376;

war in the West Indies, 377;

campaign in Italy, 380;

German campaign, 382;

campaign in Spain, 388-390;

preliminaries for peace, 396-398;

projected invasion of England, 401;

army of England, 402;

Egyptian campaign, 415-417;

Syrian campaign, 418, 419;

occupation of Naples, 422;

war of the second coalition, 425;

conquest of Italy by Suvorov, 425;

invasion of Holland, 429, 430;

overthrow of the directory, 432;

consulate, 432;

Italian campaign, 436, 437;

proposed armistice with Great Britain,

438, 439;

treaty of LunÉville, 440.

Freya, Danish ship, case of the, 441.

Freytag, Marshal, 353.

Friends of the People, Society of the, 324, 335, 357.

Frost, John, 357.

Fuentes, Comte de, 25, 28.

FÜrstenbund, the, 298-300.

Gage, Thomas, general, 61, 88, 127;

appointed governor of Massachusetts, 129, 131, 132, 137, 140, 143, 145, 147, 148, 150-154, 184.

Gainsborough, Thomas, 262.

Galitzin, Prince, Russian ambassador in London, 34.

Gambia ceded to England, 243.

Gambling, 256, 257.

Garrick, David, 258.

Gaspee, ship, case of the, 125.

Gates, Horatio, general, 177-179, 219-221.

Geisberg, Austrians defeated at, 354.

Genlis, Madame de, 386.

Genoa, siege of, 436;

capitulation of, 437.

George I., 6, 145.

George II., 1, 6.

George III., his accession, 1;

his education and character, 3-5;

his political system, 6, 7, 9, 10;

his scheme of attack on the whigs, 11;

first speech to parliament, 12;

civil list, 13;

love affair, 21;

marriage and coronation of, 22;

anger against Pitt, 29;

his success against the whigs, 35;

dissatisfied with Bute, 45;

attack of mental disorder, 64;

desires to make provision for a regency, 65;

opposes his ministers, 71;

disappointed by Chatham's illness, 85;

growth of personal power, 87;

his policy triumphant, 103;

contest with the city of London, 110, 111;

signs of mental excitement, 112;

family troubles, 119;

political predominance, 123;

his American policy, 131-135;

hires foreign troops, 154;

refuses to call Chatham to office, 188-189;

takes measures to suppress the Gordon riots, 206-207;

end of personal government, 229;

refuses to call Portland to office, 240;

hostile to the coalition ministry, 245-246;

unconstitutional move in the case of Fox's India bills, 250-251;

creates new peers, 253;

attempt on his life, 307;

insane, 309, 310, 453;

recovers, 314, 454;

his feelings towards the emancipation

of the Irish catholics, 451-452, 453.

Georgetown, 221.

Georgia, 132, 134, 150, 195, 198, 215.

Germain, Lord George. See Sackville, Lord George.

German troops employed in America, 154, 159, 176, 177, 186.

Germantown, battle of, 174.

Germany, Emperor of. See Francis II., Joseph II. and Leopold II.

Gibbon, Edward, 261.

Gibraltar, 154, 160, 196, 198, 199, 210, 217, 236, 241, 243.

Gilbert's act, 277, 278.

Gillray, James, 257, 399.

Girondists, 334, 350.

Girtin, Thomas, painter, 262.

Glasgow, petition from, 138.

Gloucester (U.S.A.), 224;

surrender at, 225.

Gloucester, William Henry, Duke of (brother of the king), 119.

Glynn, Serjeant, 97, 104, 135.

Goddard, Colonel, 237.

Godoy, Emmanuel, "Prince of the Peace," 363.

Goldsmith, Oliver, 258-260, 262.

Gordon, Lord George, 205, 207.

Gordon riots. See Riots.

Goree (Africa), 2, 23, 24, 26, 41;

ceded to France, 243;

surrendered to the English, 439.

Gorey (Ireland), captured, 410.

Gower, second Earl (Leveson-Gower), afterwards Marquis of Stafford, president of the council, 87;

resigns, 202, 229, 245, 251;

privy seal, 287, 366.

Gower, Lord, 336, 337.

Gozo, surrender of, 422.

Grafton, Duke of (Fitzroy), 42, 47;

secretary of state, 68, 69;

resigns office, 73;

first lord of the treasury, 74, 80, 85, 86, 89, 90, 95;

resigns office, 102;

privy seal, 115;

resigns, 159, 160, 203;

again lord privy seal, 229, 244, 257, 274.

Granard (Ireland), rebellion in, 414.

Granby, Marquis of (Manners), 14, 36, 53;

commander-in-chief, 74, 90;

resigns, 102, 116.

Grantham, Lord (Robinson), secretary of state, 240.

Granville, Lord (Carteret), 8, 29, 30, 49.

Grasse, Count de, 217, 218, 223, 224, 226, 227, 234, 235.

Grattan, Henry, 201, 202, 232, 233, 290, 291, 315, 368, 369, 449, 450.

Graves, Samuel, admiral, 151, 153.

Graves, Thomas, admiral (afterwards Lord Graves), 218, 224, 226.

Gray, Thomas, 259.

Greene, Nathaniel, American general, 221-223.

Grenada, conquest of, 37, 195, 197, 243, 377.

Grenville, George, 9, 20, 21, 32, 34;

secretary of state, 35, 38;

the "gentle shepherd," 43, 44;

prime minister, 45, 46, 48-50, 53, 54;

proposes to tax the American colonies, 54, 57-59;

stamp act, 59, 60, 63-65;

dismissed from office, 67, 83, 96, 99, 100, 107;

elections act, 108, 109;

death of, 115, 116.

Grenville, Thomas, 239, 423.

Grenville, William Wyndham (afterwards Lord Grenville), 250, 252, 313;

home secretary, 315;

created Baron Grenville, secretary of state, 322, 327, 328, 334, 336, 338-340, 342, 343, 349, 352, 356, 359, 366, 373, 374, 379, 394, 396-398, 421, 423, 433, 438, 444, 452.

Greville, Charles, 422.

Grey, Sir Charles, general (afterwards first earl), 363, 364.

Grey, Charles (afterwards second Earl Grey), 294, 308, 341, 357, 372-374;

motion for parliamentary reform, 399, 447.

Grimaldi, Marquis, 25, 28, 29, 74, 112-114.

Guadaloupe, 2, 23, 24, 26, 40;

surrendered to the English, 363;

reconquered by the French, 364;

reconquered by the English, 377.

Guichen, Comte de, 199, 200.

Guilford (U.S.A.), battle at, 222.

Gustavus III., King of Sweden, 115;

war with Russia and Denmark, 325, 326;

allied with ÉmigrÉs, 330.

Haarlem Heights (U.S.A.), 165, 167.

Habeas corpus, suspension of, 169, 358, 385, 403;

motion for repeal of, 372.

Hadfield, king's assailant, 435.

Haidar AlÍ, ruler of Mysore, 80, 196, 236, 237;

death of, 238, 241.

Halifax, Earl of (Dunk), 8;

first lord of admiralty, 35;

secretary of state, 40, 46, 47, 65, 98, 115;

death of, 115.

Halifax (Nova Scotia), 155, 164.

Hamilton, Lady, 422.

Hamilton, Sir William, 422.

Hancock, John, president of congress, 88, 147.

Hanover, 14, 18, 245, 298, 442.

Harcourt, Simon, Earl of, Viceroy of Ireland, 200.

Hardwicke, Earl of (Yorke), 8, 12, 20, 29, 34, 39, 48, 102, 264.

Hardy, French general, 414, 415.

Hardy, shoemaker, 358.

Hardy, Sir Charles, admiral, 196.

Hargreaves, James, 271, 272.

Harris, George, general (afterwards Lord Harris), 420.

Harris, Sir James (afterwards Earl of Malmesbury), 113, 298, 300, 301, 307, 360, 373, 383, 396, 397.

Hartley, David, M.P., 160.

Harvey, Bagenal, 409, 410-412.

Harvey, Sir H., admiral, 389.

Hastings, Warren, governor-general of British India, 122, 236, 237;

recalled, 247, 248, 249;

resigns governor-generalship, 302;

charges against, 303;

trial of, 304, 305, 322, 323.

Havana, British capture of, 36, 37, 40-41.

Hawke, Sir Edward, admiral (afterwards Lord Hawke), 15, 75, 113, 115.

Hawkesbury, Lord. See Jenkinson, Charles.

Heliopolis, defeat of Turks at, 432.

Henley, Lord (afterwards Earl of Northington), lord keeper, 8;

lord chancellor, 35, 46, 68;

resigns office, 73;

president of the council, 74, 76, 87.

Henry, Patrick, American, 61, 133, 142, 146.

Henry, Prince (brother of Frederick of Prussia), 14.

Hermione, Spanish ship captured, 38;

frigate, mutiny on board the, 391.

Herschel, Sir William, astronomer royal, 263.

Hertford, Earl of (Seymour), 52.

Hervilly, Comte d', 376.

Hesse Cassel, landgrave of, 154, 300.

Hexham riots. See Riots.

Hillsborough, Earl of (Hill), president of board of trade, 49;

secretary of state, 87, 88-91, 124, 203.

Hillsborough (U.S.A.), 222.

Hobskirk hill, battle of, 223.

Hoche, French general, 354, 376, 377, 386, 398.

Hohenlinden, battle of, 439, 440.

Holdernesse, Lord (D'Arcy), secretary of state, 8, 20.

Holland, Baron. See Fox, Henry.

Holland, province of, treaties with, 209;

French party in, 297-299;

invaded by Prussians, 300;

invaded by French, 362;

English and Russian expedition to, 429-431.

See United Provinces.

Home, John, dramatist, 258.

Hondschoote, battle of, 353.

Honduras, 41;

English expelled from, 196;

English settle in, 318.

Hood, Alexander. See Bridport, Viscount.

Hood, Sir Samuel (afterwards Viscount Hood), 218, 224, 226, 227, 235, 238, 283-284, 306, 352, 355, 356, 363, 375.

Hood, Samuel, 417.

Hoppner, John, 262.

Horne, John. See Tooke, Horne.

Horton, Mrs. (becomes Duchess of Cumberland), 119.

Hotham, Sir William, admiral, 375, 376, 381.

Houchard, French general, 353.

Howard, John, philanthropist, 267.

Howe, Richard, Earl, admiral, 138, 145, 163, 164;

"Black Dick," 194, 236;

first lord of the admiralty, 251;

retires, 306, 352, 364-366, 392, 400.

Howe, Sir William, general (afterwards Viscount Howe), 145, 149, 150, 153-155, 163-169, 172-176, 179, 181, 184-185.

Hubertsburg, peace of, 42.

Hughes, Sir Edward, admiral, 237, 238.

Humbert, French general, 413-415.

Hume, David, historian, 261.

Hunt, captain, R.N., 113.

Hunter, John, 263.

Huntingdon, Selina, Countess of, 264, 265.

Hutchinson, general, 413.

Hutchinson, Thomas (governor of Massachusetts), 91, 109, 124;

letters by, 125-126;

recalled, 129.

Hutton, James, 263.

Impey, Sir Elijah, 304.

Income tax, first imposed by W. Pitt, 434, 435.

India and East India Company, 2, 14;

position of the East India Company, 76;

NawÁb of Bengal deposed by the council, 77;

revolt and reconquest of Bengal, 77;

MÍr KÁsim made NawÁb of Bengal, 77;

battle of BaxÁr, 78;

heavy debts of the East India Company, 78-79, 81;

revolt in Mysore, 80;

famine in Bengal, 81;

North's regulating act, 121, 122;

Warren Hastings appointed governor-general, 122;

Clive virtually acquitted, 122;

act authorising the East India Company to export its surplus stock of tea to America, 126;

Pondicherry taken, 196;

Haidar makes war on the English, 196;

MarÁthÁ war, 236-238;

TipÚ Sahib succeeds Haidar AlÍ, 238;

peace made, 238;

charter of the East India Company renewed, 247;

Hastings recalled, 247;

work of Hastings, 248, 249;

Dundas's India bill, 249;

Fox's India bills, 249-251;

Pitt's India bill, 252, 286;

Warren Hastings resigns office, 302;

Cornwallis appointed governor-general, 305;

TipÚ attacks the RÁjÁ of Travancore, 305;

Pitt's declaratory act, 306;

revival of French influence, 419;

fall of Seringapatam and death of TipÚ, 420;

Lord Wellesley in, 443.

Indians, North American, invade colonies, 57-58;

employment of, in war, 140, 144, 176-178, 186;

border warfare with, 194.

Industrial revolution, 269-273, 277-279.

Ireland, condition of, in 1760, 91-94;

absentee tax proposed, 200;

linen manufacture, 201;

restrictions on trade, 201;

volunteers, 202;

trade opened, 202;

legislative independence conceded, 232, 233;

agitation for parliamentary reform, 288, 289;

Pitt's trade propositions, 289, 291;

question of the regency, 315;

political condition in 1795, 367;

United Irishmen Society founded, 367;

catholics enfranchised, 368;

Fitzwilliam, lord-lieutenant, 369;

recalled, 370;

Camden, lord-lieutenant, 370;

complete relief rejected, 370;

Maynooth college founded, 385;

religious riots, 385;

Orange Society founded, 385;

attempted French invasion, 386;

intended invasion by Dutch fleet, 397-398;

condition of, in 1798, 404, 405;

conspiracy in Ulster, 405-407;

methods of enforcing disarmament, 407-408;

rebellions in Kildare and Carlow, 408;

in Wexford, 409;

defeat of rebels at Arklow, 411;

surrender of Wexford, 412;

Humbert's invasion, 413;

other attempts on, 414;

union proposed, 445, 446;

catholic support, 446, 447;

extent of corruption, 448, 449;

act of union, 450;

catholic emancipation refused, 451, 452.

Irnham, Lord (Luttrell) afterwards Earl Carhampton, 119.

Ismail captured, 327.

Jaffa captured, 418, 419.

Jamaica, 181, 227, 234, 235.

Jassy, peace made between Russia and Turkey at, 328.

Jay, John, American minister, 378.

Jemappes, Austrians defeated at, 337.

Jenkinson, Charles (afterwards Lord Hawkesbury and Earl of Liverpool),

president of board of trade, secretary at war, 202, 281, 323, 328, 396, 452.

Jenner, Dr. Edward, 263.

Jersey, attacked by French, 196, 211.

Jervis, Sir John, admiral (afterwards Earl of St. Vincent), 363, 364, 381, 382, 388-390, 395, 400, 416, 426, 429.

John, Archduke of Austria, 439.

Johnson, Dr., 38, 255, 261, 262.

Johnson, Sir John, 178, 194.

Johnston, general, 410.

Jones, Paul, 197, 209.

Jordan, Mrs., actress, 258.

Joseph II. of Austria, 296-298;

declares war against the Turks, 325;

death of, 325.

Joubert, French general, 390, 425.

Jourdan, French general, 353, 361, 375, 382, 423, 425.

June, battle of "the glorious first" of, 364, 366.

Junius, letters of, 99-101, 112, 116, 247.

Kalb, Baron de, 182.

Keith, Lord, admiral (George Keith Elphinstone), 429, 432, 439.

Kemble, John, 258.

Kempenfeldt, admiral, 227.

Kenyon, Lloyd, Lord Kenyon, chief justice, 257, 371, 444.

Keppel, Augustus, admiral (afterwards Viscount Keppel), 192, 193, 212, 213;

first lord of the admiralty, 229, 240;

resigns, 245.

Killala, French at, 413-415.

"King's friends," 10, 68, 107, 110, 172, 281.

Kirkwall, 284.

KlÉber, French general, 432.

Korsakov, Russian general, 426.

Kosciusko, Thaddeus, 182.

Kray, Austrian general, 436.

Kutchuk Kainardji, treaty of, 296.

Lafayette, Marquis de, 182, 223, 225, 316.

Lake, General, 406, 411, 414.

Land tax, 83, 113, 162;

commutation of, 403.

Landrecies, capitulation of, 360.

LÁngara, Don Juan de, Spanish admiral, 199, 352.

Langrishe, Sir Hercules, Burke's letter to, 367.

Lansdowne, Marquis of. See Shelburne, Lord.

Lauderdale, Earl of (Maitland), 359.

Laurence, French, 447.

Laurens, Henry, American envoy, 210.

La VendÉe, 351, 354, 432.

Lawrence, Thomas, painter, 262.

Lee, Charles, American general, 167, 168.

Lee, Henry, American general, 221, 223.

Lee, William, American envoy, 210.

Leeds, Duke of. See Carmarthen, Earl of.

Legge, Henry Bilson, chancellor of exchequer, 8, 20.

Leinster, Duke of (Fitzgerald), 202, 386.

Lennox, Lady Sarah, 21, 121.

Leoben, preliminaries of peace signed at, 390, 397.

Leopold II. of Austria, 325, 326, 330, 331;

death of, 334, 343.

Le Quesnoy, 351, 353, 354.

Leslie, General, 220, 221.

L'Estrange, Colonel, 409, 410.

Lewis, "Monk," 260.

Lexington, skirmish at, 140, 141, 143-146.

Libel, law of, 115;

Fox's bill, 324.

Liberty of the press. See Press, liberty of the.

Ligonier, Viscount (afterwards Earl), 8, 30.

Lille, negotiations at, 396, 397, 400.

Lincoln, American general, 195, 198.

Linen manufacture in Ireland. See Ireland.

Lippe-BÜckeburg, Count of, general, 37, 145.

Liverpool, Earl of. See Jenkinson, Charles.

Liverpool, petition from, 138.

Loano, battle of, 376.

London:—

Bloomsbury Square, 66.

Buckingham House, 54.

Carlton House, 11, 307, 309.

Clubs: at Wildman's, 43;

at Cocoa-Tree Tavern, 110;

White's, 253;

Brooks's, 253, 256.

Copenhagen Fields, meeting in, 378.

Correspondence Society, 335.

Petitions from citizens of, 138, 158, 159, 186, 193, 435.

St. George's Fields: riots, 96;

meeting in, 378.

Spitalfields riots, 66.

Westminster election, 283, 284, 322;

representation of, 286.

Long Island (N.Y.), 164, 165, 185, 187.

Long Island (S.C.), 157.

Longwy, captured, 337.

Loughborough, Earl. See Wedderburn, Alexander.

Louis XIV., 433.

Louis XV., 114.

Louis XVI., 181, 316, 320, 321, 324.

Louis XVII., 352, 363.

Louis XVIII. See Provence, Count of.

L'Ouverture, Toussaint, 424.

Lowther, M.P., 160.

Lowther, Sir James (afterwards Earl of Lonsdale), 87, 213, 256.

Loyalists (American), 134, 135, 329;

treatment of, 242.

Lucas, Charles, Irish politician, 94.

Lucknow, 249.

Ludgershall, borough of, 94.

LunÉville, congress at, 438, 439;

treaty of, 440.

Luttrell, Henry Lawes (second Earl Carhampton), colonel, 97, 100, 112, 119, 405.

Luttrell, M.P., 160.

Luxemburg, 351.

Lyons, siege of, 355, 356.

Lyttelton, Lord, 67.

Macartney, George, Lord, 395.

Macaulay, Zachary, 324.

Macdonald, French general, 425, 427, 440.

Machinery and steam and water power. See England.

Mack (Austrian general), 360, 422.

Mackenzie, James Stuart (brother of the Earl of Bute), 67.

Mackintosh, Sir James, his VindiciÆ GallicÆ, 329.

Macklin, Charles, actor, 258.

Maclean, Colonel, 152.

Madras, 196, 237, 238;

council of, 247.

MahÉ (India), 196.

Mainz, Elector of, 436.

Mainz, surrender of, 337, 349, 350, 354;

siege of, 375.

Malmesbury, Earl of (Harris). See Harris, Sir James.

Malta, 415;

surrendered by the Knights of St. John, 416, 421, 423, 431, 438;

becomes a British possession, 439, 441.

Malvalli, battle of, 420.

Mamelukes, defeat of, 416.

Manhattan island. See New York.

Manila, 38, 40, 41, 74, 112.

Mansfield, first Earl of (Murray), 8, 29;

lord chief justice, 96, 100-101;

speaker of the house of lords, 103, 116, 131, 205-207, 306, 324.

Mansfield, second Earl of. See Stormont, Lord.

Mantua, siege of, 381, 382;

surrender of, 390.

Manufactures, 200, 207;

silk, 66, 95, 276;

glass, 202;

woollen, 202;

iron, 269;

cotton, 269, 272, 273;

linen (in Ireland), 290.

MarÁthÁ wars, 236, 237, 247-248, 305.

March, Earl of (Douglas), afterwards Duke of Queensberry, 256.

Marengo, battle of, 437.

Maria Caroline, Queen of Naples, 422, 428.

Maria Theresa, empress-queen, 24, 296.

Marie Antoinette, queen of Louis XVI., 330, 334.

Maroons, insurrection of, in Jamaica, 377.

Marseilles, 352.

Martin, Joseph, governor of N. Carolina, 157.

Martin, Samuel, secretary to the treasury, 50.

Martinique, 36;

captured by the British, 37;

restored, 40-41, 195, 218, 227, 363.

Massachusetts, 84, 88-91;

bill for regulating the government of, 128, 129, 132, 133, 137, 138;

provincial congress, meeting of, 140-142;

in arms, 143, 144, 198.

MassÉna, French general, 390, 425, 426, 436, 437.

Masham, Lord (Masham), 256.

Mauduit, Israel, his Considerations on the German War, 18.

Maxwell, Colonel, at Vellinghausen, 14.

Maynooth College, foundation of. See Ireland.

McCrae, Jane, murder of, 177.

McDonald, merchant skipper, 320, 321.

Medows, General, 305.

Melas, Austrian general, 436, 437.

Menin, Dutch defeated at, 353.

Mercantile system. See England.

Methuen treaty, 257.

Micheroux, il cavaliere, 427, 428.

Middlebrook (U.S.A.), 173.

Middlesex elections, 95-99, 100, 101, 103, 107, 110, 135.

Militia, English, 2, 161, 162;

Irish, 368.

Miller, printer, 117, 118.

Milner, Isaac (Dean of Carlisle), 265.

Ministries, Newcastle's, 8-35;

Bute's, 35-45;

Grenville's, 45-67;

accession of the Bedford party to office, 49-67;

Rockingham's, 67-73;

Chatham's, 73-89;

Grafton's, 89-102;

North's, 102-229;

Rockingham's, 229-240;

Shelburne's, 240-244;

Coalition, 245-251;

Pitt's, 251-455.

Minorca, 23, 24, 26, 154, 160, 181, 196, 198, 211, 227, 243;

British capture of, 422;

British troops recalled from, 436.

Minto, Earl of. See Elliot, Sir Gilbert.

Miquelon island, 40;

ceded to France, 243;

British capture of, 356.

MÍr Jafar, 78.

MÍr KÁsim, 77.

Mitchell, Sir Andrew, admiral, 430.

Mitford, John Freeman (afterwards Lord Redesdale), 323;

speaker, 453.

Modena, Duke of, 380.

Mohawk valley, 176.

Moira, Earl of. See Rawdon, Lord.

MÖllendorf, Prussian general, 360-362.

Monmouth (U.S.A.), battle at, 193.

Monongahela, battle of, 146.

Monro, Major Hector, 78.

Montagu, John, admiral, 364, 366.

Montenotte, Austrians defeated at, 380.

Montgomery, Richard, American general, 151, 152.

Montreal, 2;

surrender of, 151.

Montserrat (W.I.), 243.

Moore, Sir John, 430.

Moreau, 325, 382, 436, 437, 439.

More, Hannah, 265.

Morgan, Daniel, American general, 221.

Morland, George, 262.

Mornington, Lord (Wellesley, R. C.), governor-general of India, 420;

created Marquis Wellesley, 420;

in India, 443.

Morristown (U.S.A.), 169.

Mosquito coast, 318.

Moultrie, William, American general, 157.

Mountjoy, Lord (Gardiner), 410.

Mount Tabor, defeat of Turks at, 419.

Mouscron, battle at, 361.

Moutray, captain, R.N., 211.

Mowat, lieutenant, 154.

Muir, Thomas, 358.

Mulgrave, Lord (Phipps), general, 355.

Murphy, Father John, 409.

Murray, Lindley, 165.

Musgrave, Colonel, 174.

Mutiny act, 253, 254;

extended to America, 60.

Mutiny. See Navy, mutinies in the.

Mysore, conquest of, 420.

Nanda-KumÁr (Nuncomar), execution of, 248, 304.

Naples, King of. See Ferdinand IV.

Naples, 349, 381, 421-423;

revolution in, 422;

jacobins of, and Nelson, 427-429.

Nassau. See Bahama islands.

National debt, the, in 1755, 18;

in 1760, 18;

in 1764, 53, 58, 136;

in 1796, 384;

in 1778, 200;

in 1780, 203;

in 1784, 280;

in 1785, 284;

sinking fund, 291-293;

in 1793, 347;

in 1794, 347.

Navigation acts, 55, 269.

Navy, British, state of in 1760, 2;

in 1761, 18, 29;

in 1764, 53;

in 1770, 113;

in 1771, 114;

in 1172, 115;

in 1774, 137;

in 1775, 161;

in 1776, 162, 163;

in 1777, 170, 171;

in 1778, 192, 193, 195;

in 1782, 233, 235;

in 1792, 332;

in 1793, 351, 352;

changes in material and tactics, 199, 233-235;

manning of, 113, 114, 163, 170, 171, 192, 234, 332;

mutinies in the, 193, 390, 391-395.

Necker, 316.

Needham, Francis Jack (Earl of Kilmorey), general, 411.

Neerwinden, battle of, 349.

Negapatam, 237, 243.

Nelson, Horatio (Viscount), 355, 363, 375, 381, 388, 389, 395;

battle of the Nile, 416, 417;

created Baron Nelson, 417, 418-422;

at Naples, 422, 423, 426-429, 438, 443.

Nevis (W. I.), taken by French, 227;

restored to England, 243.

Newcastle, Duke of (Pelham), first lord of treasury, 8, 10, 11;

jealous of Pitt, 15;

his fear of him, 17;

his power diminished, 16, 19;

becomes Bute's tool, 20, 21, 26, 29, 31, 32;

driven from office, 34, 35, 39, 42, 47, 48;

privy seal, 68, 69, 264.

New England, colonies, 132, 134, 136, 137, 139, 141, 143, 146, 147, 172, 193.

Newfoundland (St. John), taken by French and retaken, 37, 129, 130, 144.

Newfoundland, fishery, 24-27, 40, 41, 139, 241, 243.

Newport (U.S.A.), 168, 194, 219, 224.

New Ross (Ireland), battle of, 410, 411.

New South Wales, colony of, 267.

Newtownbarry, 409, 410.

New York, meeting of congress of colonies at, 61, 131, 134, 136, 138, 150, 153, 155, 158;

occupation of by Howe, 165, 167, 169;

Clinton in command, 174, 175, 179, 181, 193, 197, 198, 200, 215, 218, 219, 223-225, 228, 242.

Nice annexed to France, 337.

Nicholson, Margaret, 307.

Nile, battle of the (Abukir bay), 416, 417.

Nimeguen, 362.

NizÁm of Oudh, 419, 420.

Nollekens, Joseph, 263.

Nootka sound (Vancouver), affair of, 319.

Nore, mutiny at the, 393, 394.

Norfolk, Duke of (Howard), 402.

Norfolk (U.S.A.), 156.

North Briton, No. 45 of the, 46, 47, 50, 52.

Northesk, Earl of (Carnegie), captain, R.N., 394.

North, Frederick, Lord (afterwards Earl of Guilford), 83;

chancellor of exchequer, 86, 90, 100;

first lord of treasury and chancellor of exchequer, 102, 103, 106-113, 115, 118, 119;

policy towards India, 121, 122, 127;

towards America, 128, 135, 136, 138, 139, 145;

conciliation bill, 146, 153, 159, 160;

prohibitory bill, 162, 163, 169, 170;

desires to resign, 188-191;

Irish policy, 200-202, 210, 212, 226, 227;

resigns office, 228, 243;

forms a coalition with Fox, 244;

secretary of state, 245-247;

leaves office, 251, 252, 254, 280, 288, 289, 291, 295.

Northington, Earl of. See Henley, Lord.

Norton, Sir Fletcher, speaker, 172, 213.

Nova Scotia, 129, 198.

Novi, battle of, 425.

Oakboys, 92.

Ochakov, 325-328.

O'Coighly, priest, 406.

O'Connor, Arthur, 386, 406.

O'Hara, general, 222, 355.

Oliver, Richard, alderman, 117, 118, 160.

Oliver, Thomas, 125, 126.

Omichand (Hindu merchant), 122.

Onslow, George, colonel, 117.

Orange, Prince of. See William V., Prince of Orange.

Orange, Princess of, 298-300.

Orange Society. See Ireland.

Orleans, Duke of, 386.

Orvilliers, Comte d', 193.

Ostend, 401, 402.

Oswald, Richard, British envoy, 239.

Oswego, 172, 177.

Otis, James, 56.

Otto, French agent, 438.

Paine, Thomas, his Common Sense, 156;

his Rights of Man, 329, 335.

Paley, William, 261.

Palliser, Sir Hugh, 193.

Palmer, Samuel, dissenting preacher, 358.

Pampeluna, siege of, 363.

Panin, Count, Russian minister, 208, 423.

Paoli, Corsican general, 98, 363.

Parker, Richard, mutineer, 393, 394.

Parker, Sir Hyde, admiral, 212, 443.

Parker, Sir Peter, admiral, 157, 168.

Parma, Duke of, 380.

Paris, peace of, 42, 46, 74, 130;

in 1789, 316-317;

Malmesbury's mission to, 383;

articles of peace signed by the Austrian envoy at, 437;

Russian ambassador sent to arrange treaty of alliance at, 442.

Parliament, general elections of 1761, 16, 19, 20;

of 1768, 94;

of 1774, 135, 136;

of 1781, 212, 213;

of 1784, 280;

of 1790, 322;

Grenville's election act, 108, 109, 135;

house of lords, changes in the character of the, 281, 282;

privileges of members of, 47, 50, 51, 53, 72, 117, 118;

publication of debates, 117, 118.

Parliamentary reform, demands for, 104;

Chatham's plan of, 105;

agreement concerning, 244;

Pitt's motions for, 231-232, 246, 287, 288;

Flood's motion for, 318;

Grey's motion for, 399.

PatnÁ, seized by the English, 77.

Paul, Tsar of Russia, 384, 421, 423, 425, 426, 429;

anger against England, 431, 440;

forms an armed neutrality, 441-443.

Pearson, Captain, R.N., 197.

Penn, Richard, 158.

Pennsylvania, mutiny of troops in, 214.

Percy, Lord (afterwards Duke of Northumberland), 141.

Percy, Thomas, Bishop of Dromore, 259.

Peter III., Tsar of Russia, 33, 36.

PhÉlypeaux, Colonel, 418.

Philadelphia, continental congress at, 132-134, 138, 146, 147, 156, 157, 167;

congress removes from, 168, 174, 179, 188;

taken by Howe, 173, 174, 175, 179, 180;

evacuated, 193, 225.

Philippine Islands, British conquest of, 38;

restored to Spain, 40.

Phillip, Captain, R.N., 267.

Pichegru, 375.

Pierson, Major, 211.

Pigot, George, Lord, governor of Madras, 247.

Pigot, Hugh, admiral, 149, 238.

Pigot, Hugh, captain, R.N., 139.

Pilnitz, declaration of, 331.

Pitcairn, Major, 140.

Pitt, John (second Earl Chatham), 159;

first lord of the admiralty, 306;

privy seal, 366.

Pitt, Thomas (nephew of first Earl of Chatham), 245.

Pitt, William, the elder, afterwards Earl of Chatham, his influence before 1760, 1;

secretary of state, 8;

his political character, 10;

his war policy, 11;

acts with Bute, 15-16;

against government by connexion, 16, 31;

cabal against, 20-21;

his part in negotiations of 1761, 23-27;

demands war with Spain, 28;

resignation, 30-32;

pension and wife's peerage, 32;

his schemes of conquest, 36;

on the Peace of Paris, 42-44;

king's negotiations with, 48, 53, 56, 59, 65, 66;

refuses to take office, 67-69;

speaks against enforcing stamp act, 69, 70;

part in repeal of stamp act, 71;

prime minister, 73;

created Earl of Chatham, 73;

quarrels with Temple, 74;

foreign policy, 74;

proposes defensive alliance between Great Britain, Prussia and Russia, 75;

his long illness, 76, 85;

policy as regards India, 79, 80, 82, 83, 85;

resigns office, 89;

allied with the opposition, 100-102, 104;

scheme for parliamentary reform, 105, 106-111, 128;

opposes the quartering bill, 129-131, 136;

conciliation bill, 138, 160, 170, 184-187;

king refuses to send for, 188-189;

death of, 190.

Pitt, William, the younger, 9;

member for Appleby, 213;

joins the opposition, 214, 228, 229;

on parliamentary reform, 231;

chancellor of exchequer, 240, 241, 243-246;

first lord of treasury and chancellor of exchequer, 251, 252;

India Bills, 252-254, 261, 265, 268, 269, 277, 280-283, 286, 287;

his finance, 284, 285;

his bill for parliamentary reform, 287, 288;

his Irish trade proposals, 290, 291;

sinking fund, 292, 293;

commercial treaty with France, 293, 294;

bill for consolidation of customs and excise, 294-295;

his attitude towards the slave trade, 295, 296, 299, 300, 302-315;

his views on the French Revolution, 317, 318, 321-325, 327, 328;

Canada Bill, 329-336, 338, 339;

warden of the Cinque Ports, 340;

as war minister, 345-352;

his loans, 348, 354, 357-359, 362, 366-367, 369, 370-372;

disagreement with Grenville, 373-374, 376, 378, 379;

budgets, 380, 384, 385, 400, 403, 434, 435;

desires peace, 382, 383, 387, 388, 392, 395-397, 399, 401, 403, 433;

duel with Tierney, 404;

preparations for a union with Ireland, 412, 413, 420, 421, 436-438, 444;

desires Irish union, 445-447, 449;

and favours catholic emancipation, 369, 452;

will resign, 452;

budget of 1801, 453, 454;

resignation, 455.

Pius VI., Pope, 420.

Plunket, William Conyngham, Lord, 447.

Plymouth, 196.

Pocock, Admiral, 37.

Point Judith (U.S.A.), 194.

Point Levi (Canada), 152.

Poland, partition of, 115, 296, 338, 349, 351, 363;

invaded by Russia, 338;

insurrection in, 361.

Police system, 267.

Political trials, 357, 358, 434.

Pondicherry, 1, 14;

taken by English, 196, 356;

French fleet at, 237.

Ponsonby, John, 368, 447.

PenthiÈvre, 377.

Pontiac, 58.

Poor law, 273, 277, 278.

Popham, Major, 237.

Port Egmont, 113, 114.

Portland, Duke of (Cavendish-Bentinck), 75, 87, 232, 233, 240;

first lord of treasury, 245, 333, 334, 340;

home secretary, 366, 368-371, 452.

Porto Novo, battle of, 237.

Porto Praya, naval action at, 237.

Portsmouth, 170, 192.

Portugal: ally of England, 33, 40, 257, 349, 381, 397, 442.

Pownall, Thomas, 89.

Pratt. See Camden, Lord.

Press, liberty of the, 116-118, 324.

Preston, Captain, 109.

Pretender, the Old, 1.

Pretender, the Young, 1.

Prevost, Augustine, general, 195, 198.

Price, Richard, 291, 292.

Priestley, Joseph, 263, 331, 332.

Prime Minister, title and functions of, 9, 64, 85-86, 90, 103, 189, 229, 230, 244, 281, 332.

Printers, the House of Commons and the, 117, 118.

Prisons, 267.

Provence, Count of (Louis XVIII.), 352, 432.

Providence. See Bahama Islands.

Prussia, 75, 115, 300;

declares war against France, 336;

peace with France, 374.

Public Advertiser, newspaper, 99.

Puerto-rico, 389.

Puisaye, Comte de, 376, 377.

Pulaski, Count, 182.

Pulteney, Sir James, general, 439.

Putnam, Israel, American general, 164.

Pyramids, battle of the, 416.

Quebec act, 129, 145, 146, 151, 166;

siege of, 152, 155, 205, 329.

Quiberon bay, 376.

Queensberry, Duke of. See March, Earl of.

Radcliffe, Ann, 260.

Raeburn, Henry, 262.

Raikes, Robert, 265.

Rawdon, Lord (Hastings), later Earl of Moira and Marquis of Hastings, 219, 220, 223, 354, 361, 376, 406.

Reeve, Clara, 260.

Regency bill, 64, 65;

later question of the, 309-314, 453.

Regulating act, North's, 121, 122, 273.

Regulators' war, 124.

Reichenbach, congress at, 326.

Religion and Church of England, 264.

Revolutionary society, 335;

bill for suppressing, 434.

Reynolds, Sir Joshua, 262, 407.

Rhode Island, 61, 125, 139, 143, 153, 168, 194, 198, 219, 224.

Richmond, Duke of (Lennox), secretary of state, 73, 145, 160, 190, 203, 204, 229, 240;

resigns office, 243;

master-general of ordnance, 251, 257, 291, 359;

resigns ordnance, 366.

Ridgway, bookseller, 357.

Rigby, Richard, 27, 107.

Riots:—

American, 61, 89, 126.

Birmingham, 331-332.

Bread, 75, 378, 444.

Carlisle and other towns, 339.

Coal-heavers and others, 95.

Dublin, 447, 450.

Gordon, 205-207.

Hexham, 18.

St. George's Fields, 96.

Silk-weavers, 66, 95.

Wilkes, 96, 97.

Duty of soldiers in, 207.

Robertson, William, historian, 261.

Robespierre, fall of, 372.

Rochambeau, Comte de, 218, 219, 224.

Roche, Philip, 411, 412.

Rochford, Earl of (Nassau), secretary of state, 89, 90, 115;

resigns, 159.

Rockingham, Marquis of (Watson-Wentworth), 40, 42, 48;

first ministry, 67-72;

resigns office, 73, 74, 85, 86, 102, 106, 107, 110, 118, 128, 158, 160, 169, 187, 191, 212;

second ministry, 228, 229, 232, 233;

death of, 240, 257, 274.

Rodney, afterwards Sir George and Lord Rodney, admiral, 37, 198, 200, 212, 216, 219, 226, 227, 234, 235;

created baron, 238, 239, 365.

RohillÁs (Afghan tribe), 248.

Rolle, John, M.P., 308.

Rollo, Lord (Rollo), takes Dominica, 14.

Roman Catholics: relief from disabilities of, 205, 323;

grant of franchise to Irish, 367, 368;

question of emancipation of in Ireland, 369-371, 385, 446, 447, 451, 453-455.

Romney, George, 262.

Rousseau, 315.

Roussillon invaded, 350.

Rowan, Archibald Hamilton, 368.

Roxbury (U.S.A.), 143.

Royal marriage act, 119, 120, 308.

Ruffo, Cardinal, 426-429.

Rusby (corn dealer), 444.

Russia, Empress of. See Catherine II.

Russia in seven years' war, 33;

commercial treaty with, 72;

Chatham's policy towards, 75, 326;

Russian policy, 115;

Pitt's policy towards, 326;

treaty of alliance with Great Britain, 423;

withdrawal of, from the second coalition, 431.

Russia, Tsar of. See Paul and Peter III.

Russian armament, the, 327-328.

Rutland, Duke of (Manners), viceroy of Ireland, 287, 289, 290;

lord steward, 244;

privy seal, 251.

Ryder, Dudley, afterwards Lord Harrowby, 404.

Sackville, Lord George, 15, 22, 83, 87;

takes name Germain, 159;

secretary of state, 159, 166, 173, 176, 179, 180, 184, 185, 191, 202, 210, 225-227;

created Viscount Sackville, 228.

St. Eustatius, island of, 216;

surrender, 217-218;

retaken by French, 227.

St. George's Fields. See London.

St. Kitts, island of, captured by French, 227;

ceded to Great Britain, 243.

St. Leger, Colonel, 176, 177.

St. Lucia, island of, 24;

conquest of, 37, 40, 195, 218;

restored to France, 242;

surrender of, 363, 377.

St. Marcouf, islands of, 402.

St. Philips. See Minorca.

St. Pierre, island of, 27, 40;

ceded to France, 243;

taken by English, 356.

St. Valentine's Day, battle of. See Cape St. Vincent, battle of.

St. Vincent, Earl of. See Jervis, Sir John.

St. Vincent, island of, conquest of, 37, 40;

captured by French, 195, 197, 198;

ceded to Great Britain, 243;

insurrection in, 377.

SalbÁi, treaty of, 237, 238.

Salem, seat of government transferred from Boston to, 128, 140.

San Domingo, island of, 200, 234;

massacre at, 323, 364, 424.

Sandwich, Earl of (Montagu), secretary of state, 49, 50, 65, 100, 115;

first lord of the admiralty, 131, 161, 191-193, 212.

Sandy Hook (N.Y.), 174, 193, 224.

Santa Cruz, attack on, 395.

Saratoga, convention of, 178, 179.

Sardinia, King of. See Charles Emmanuel.

Saumarez, Captain, 388.

Saumur, 351.

Saunders, Sir Charles, first lord of the admiralty, 74, 75, 98.

Savannah, capture of, 195, 198.

Savary, French captain, 413, 415.

Savile, Sir George, 203, 205, 206.

Savoy, annexed by the French, 337.

Sawbridge, John, 107, 160.

Scheldt, opening of the, 297, 342-344.

Schuyler, Philip, American general, 176, 177, 180.

Schweidnitz, capture of, 14.

Scott, John (afterwards Earl of Eldon), solicitor-general, 206, 371;

chief justice of common pleas, 434;

created baron, 434.

Scott, John (afterwards Scott-Waring), major, 303.

Secker, Thomas, Archbishop of Canterbury, 60.

Secretaries of state, division of departments of, 10, 87, 229, 336.

Seditious meetings bill, 379, 380.

Selim III. (Turkish sultan), 418.

Selwyn, George, 94, 256.

Senegal, 23, 24, 26;

seized by the French, 197;

ceded to France, 243.

Seringapatam, siege of, 305;

taken, 420.

Seymour, Lord Hugh, admiral, 431.

ShÁh Alam, Mughal emperor, 78.

Sharp, Granville, philanthropist, 295.

Sheares, Henry, 408.

Sheares, John, 408.

Sheerness, 393, 394.

Shelburne, Earl of (Fitzmaurice), afterwards Marquis of Lansdowne, 49, 52;

secretary of state, 73, 80, 82;

resigns, 89, 128, 160, 188, 203, 204, 213, 228;

home secretary, 229, 230, 231, 238, 239;

first lord of the treasury, 240-245, 251, 287, 293, 336, 341, 359.

Sheridan, Richard Brinsley, 246, 258, 286, 291, 294, 304, 308-311, 318, 335, 336, 359, 406, 447.

Shore, Sir John (afterwards Lord Teignmouth), 419.

ShujÁ-ud-DaulÁ, 77, 248.

Siddons, Mrs., 258.

Sinking fund, 291-293, 332, 347.

Sistova, peace of, 326.

Skenesborough (U.S.A.), 177.

Slave trade, 295, 296, 323, 324, 404.

Smith, Adam, his Wealth of Nations, 137, 261, 269, 276, 277.

Smith, Colonel, 140.

Smith, Sir Sidney, 355, 402, 418, 419, 431, 432.

Smuggling, 267-268, 284;

hovering act against, 285.

Social progress. See England.

Societies, revolutionary, 335, 338, 358.

Somers, Lord, 352.

Soubise, Prince, 14, 36.

Spain, King of. See Charles III.

Spain, grievances of, against Great Britain, 24;

alliance with France, 24-30;

Great Britain declares war against, 33;

war with, 37-38;

navy of, 112;

dispute with Great Britain concerning the Falkland islands, 113, 114;

alliance of, with America, 181-183;

alliance with France against Great Britain, 196;

declares war against Great Britain, 196-200, 203, 208;

peace between Great Britain and, 242-243;

convention of 1786 with, 318;

discontent in Spanish America with, 319, 320;

treaty with Great Britain, 321;

joins the first coalition, 349;

abandons coalition, 363;

alliance of, with France, 381.

Spanish America. See Spain.

Speenhamland, 278.

Spencer, Earl, 340;

privy seal, 366;

first lord of the admiralty, 366, 393, 452.

Speyer, surrender of, 337.

Spitalfields riots. See London.

Spithead, 209;

mutiny at, 392, 393.

Stafford, Marquis of. See Gower, Earl.

Stamp act, 59-63, 69-71, 134.

Stanhope, Earl, 317, 359.

Stanley, Hans, diplomatist, 24-29, 32.

Staten island, 164.

Stephen, James, 324.

Sterne, Laurence, 260.

Steuben, Baron, 182.

Steyer, armistice signed at, 439.

Stirling, Lord (so-called), William Alexander, American general, 165.

Stockdale, John, publisher, 324.

Stormont, Lord (afterwards Earl of Mansfield), 115, 183;

secretary of state, 203, 210;

president of the council, 245, 369.

Strange, Lord, 71.

Stuart, James, general, 238.

Stuart, Sir Charles, general, 363.

Suchet, French general, 436.

Sudbury, the borough of, 19.

Suffolk, Earl of (Howard), privy seal, later secretary of state, 115;

death of, 203.

Suffren, Bailli de, French admiral, 238.

Sullivan, John, American general, 155, 165, 194.

Sumter, American partisan leader, 219-221, 223.

Surinam, surrender of, 431.

Suvorov (Suwarrow), Russian general, 327, 425, 426.

Sweden, King of. See Gustavus III.

Sweden, proposed defensive alliance with, 75;

revolution in, 115;

joins the league of armed neutrality, 208;

invaded by Denmark, 325;

makes a treaty with Russia, 326;

joins the maritime confederacy, 442.

Sydney, Lord. See Townshend, Thomas.

Syria, Bonaparte's campaign in, 418.

Talbot, Earl (Talbot), lord steward, 97.

Talleyrand, French statesman, 333, 334, 336, 337, 433, 437.

Tandy, Napper, 414.

Tarleton, Sir Banastre, colonel, 220, 221.

Taxation, right of colonial, 62-63, 69.

Tea-duty, 90, 109, 110, 129, 162;

Chatham urges repeal of, 188, 284.

Tchernitchev, Russian general, 33, 35, 36.

Temple, Earl, first (Richard Grenville-Temple), 20, 28, 30, 39, 43, 44, 46, 49, 50, 66, 67, 73, 74, 99, 100.

Temple, Earl, second (George Grenville), afterwards Marquis of Buckingham, lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 240;

secretary of state, 250, 251;

created Marquis of Buckingham, 287, 315, 367.

Thelwall, John, lecturer, 359.

Thompson, printer, 117.

Three Rivers (Canada), 156.

Thugut, Baron, Austrian minister, 351, 360, 421-423, 425, 431, 436.

Thurlow, Edward, Lord (Baron), solicitor-general, 103, 115, 116, 118;

attacks Clive, 123, 125;

lord chancellor, 191, 203, 228, 231, 245, 250-251;

the great seal stolen, 254, 286, 302, 306, 309, 310, 312, 323, 324;

dismissed, 332.

Ticonderoga, 144, 146, 151, 166, 168, 170, 173;

surrender of, 176, 177.

Tierney, George, 399;

duel with Pitt, 403-404, 435.

TipÚ, SultÁn, 237;

succeeds Haidar AlÍ, 238, 305, 397, 418-420.

Tobago, 24, 40, 218, 243, 333, 334;

taken by English, 356.

Tolerance, religious, subscription to thirty-nine articles, 118, 119, 205, 323;

bill for relief of dissenters, 295.

Tone, Wolfe, 367, 368, 386;

death of, 415.

Tooke, Horne (previously Horne), 104, 127, 145, 322, 358.

Torgau, battle of, 14.

Toulon, surrenders to Hood, 352;

evacuation of, 355, 356, 375, 381, 415, 418, 427, 428.

Tourcoing, battle of, 361.

Tournai, 361.

Townshend, Charles, 20;

paymaster of forces, 67;

chancellor of the exchequer, 74, 80, 82, 83;

death of, 86.

Townshend, Marquis, 274;

viceroy of Ireland, 94.

Townshend (Thomas), afterwards Lord Sydney, home secretary, 240, 251, 267;

resigns, 315.

Traitorous correspondence bill, 357.

Transportation of criminals, 267.

Travancore, rÁjÁ of, 305.

Treasonable practices bill, 379, 380.

Trebbia, battle of the, 425.

Trecothick, lord mayor, 113.

Trenton, 168, 173.

Trincomali, 237.

Trinidad, captured by the English, 389.

Triple alliance of 1786, 301, 320, 324-326;

comes to an end, 328, 374.

Troubridge, Sir Thomas, admiral, 388, 389, 427.

Tryon, William, governor of New York, 124, 130.

Tucker, Joseph (Dean of Gloucester), 137.

Turks, wars between Russia and, 114;

Austria declares war against, 325;

capture of Ochakov, 325;

treaty with Prussia, 326;

peace with Austria, 326;

war continued with Russia, 327;

war with France, 418-419, 421, 427, 432.

Turner, Joseph, 262.

Tuscany, Grand Duke of, 363, 380.

Ulm, capitulation of, 436.

Ulster, conspiracy in, 405.

Union of Great Britain and Ireland, 450.

United Irishmen, 367, 368, 385, 386, 398, 405, 406, 409, 414.

United Provinces, 297, 299-301, 324-325;

threatened by French, 336-340, 343;

invaded, 349;

subject to France, 363;

form Batavian republic, 440.