A Book of American Explorers

Footnotes.

378–

Thomas Wentworth Higginson “They groaned, they stirred, they all uprose, Nor spake, nor moved their eyes: It had been strange, even in a dream, To see those dead men rise.”
93–	i.e., of being offered as a sacrifice.
94–	The sea-snails and conches (or conchs) were shells of various species.
95–	From 1528 to 1533.
96–	A small matchlock gun.
97–	Description.
98–	In the map of Ortelius, published in 1572, the name of New France is applied to the whole of both North and South America. “The application of this name dates back to a period immediately after the voyage of Verrazzano; and the Dutch voyagers are especially free in their use of it, out of spite to the Spaniards.”—Parkman.
99–	July.
100–	Boiled.
101–	Regular.
102–	Chaleur, signifying heat in French.
103–	July, 1534.
104–	GaspÉ Bay.
105–	The arms of France.
106–	Motto.
107–	Attention.
108–	The object of the cross was to take possession of the country for the King of France; but Cartier did not hesitate to deceive the natives by saying that it was only for a beacon.
109–	The St.Croix River, now called St.Charles. The first name was given because Cartier reached it on the festival of the Holy Cross.
110–	Now Quebec.
111–	September.
112–	These were the two young Indians whom Cartier had carried off with him the year before.
113–	This village was where Montreal now stands.
114–	A small vessel.
115–	An ingenious trick.
116–	Explanation.
117–	On land, as we say, “ashore.”
118–	Montreal.
119–	Ramparts or palisades: they were made of trunks of trees, the outer and inner row inclining toward each other till they met, and the third row standing upright between, to support them.
120–	Crucifixion.
121–	Fine clothes.
122–	Please.
123–	Probably near the Hillsborough River in Florida.
124–	Men who carried swords and targets. Others carried matchlock guns (arquebuses) or cross-bows.
125–	Crossing.
126–	Made smooth.
127–	With the same joy.
128–	Of a good family.
129–	Split.
130–	Information.
131–	The wolf.
132–	Knowing.
133–	Surround.
134–	Treat.
135–	Chief.
136–	Attack.
137–	The Great River, or Mississippi.
138–	An awning.
139–	Persimmons.
140–	The place of crossing was probably near Helena, Arkansas.
141–	i.e., get rid of him.
142–	Sorely troubled.
143–	i.e., subdue the Indian chief.
144–	Military force.
145–	Confinement.
146–	Attack.
147–	i.e., their own reflection in a mirror.
148–	Admiral De Coligny.
149–	i.e., Cape Breton. The whole coast was then thought a part of India.
150–	Probably St.John’s River, Florida.
151–	i.e., one of the best in appearance.
152–	Saluted.
153–	Haberdashery, or small wares.
154–	Boundary stone.
155–	Probably Skull Creek.
156–	i.e., I had hardly.
157–	i.e., at the head.
158–	Port Royal Island.
159–	Acorns and other dried fruits.
160–	It is uncertain what kind of grain is here meant.
161–	Captain Albert.
162–	i.e., from week to week.
163–	Propriety.
164–	Tar.
165–	Content.
166–	June.
167–	St. John’s River.
168–	Chief.
169–	Grain of some kind.
170–	i.e., to satisfy skilful workmen.
171–	1565.
172–	Captain John Hawkins, who had lately supplied the garrison with food.
173–	A musical instrument.
174–	Hour-glass.
175–	Guard.
176–	Muddied.
177–	Trumpeter.
178–	Knob or hill.
179–	Flags.
180–	Brandy.
181–	i.e., the north side, if the wind was south.
182–	Suspected.
183–	The “Delight,” the flag-ship.
184–	The “Squirrel.” The name “frigate” was first given to a kind of boat still used in the Mediterranean, propelled by both sails and oars. It was afterwards given to a war vessel, built also for speed.
185–	Sir Humphrey Gilbert.
186–	i.e., to retire.
187–	A good omen. This was probably a large seal, or sea-lion.
188–	Warlike preparations.
189–	This electric light is often called “St.Elmo’s fire.”
190–	Anno Domini.
191–	Afterwards.
192–	This was one of the islands on the North Carolina coast, probably Portsmouth Island.
193–	On board.
194–	Flag-ship.
195–	Appointing, or assigning.
196–	The king.
197–	Part.
198–	Bend.
199–	See the woodcut on page 65.
200–	Push.
201–	Pledge.
202–	Wheat boiled in milk.
203–	Boiled.
204–	Their hostess.
205–	Suspicion.
206–	Came to.
207–	Ashore.
208–	Vessels.
209–	Hatorask is supposed to have been an inlet, now closed, north of Cape Hatteras, on the North Carolina coast.
210–	In the year.
211–	Flag-ship, carrying the commander.
212–	A long, flat-bottomed, Dutch-built vessel.
213–	Did not benefit.
214–	Ashore.
215–	Flag-ship.
216–	Probably the island now called Ocracoke.
217–	Aim.
218–	Wherefore.
219–	Probably an arrow rubbed with some irritating ointment.
220–	A mistake of the pen. It was 1587.
221–	Established.
222–	Part of the rampart of a fort.
223–	Side fortifications.
224–	Different kinds of cannon-balls.
225–	A kind of cannon.
226–	i.e., partly drawn up, and hanging under the bow.
227–	The Massachusetts coast was still described as a part of Virginia.
228–	Hummocks, or small hills.
229–	Probably a boat obtained from some Basque vessel. The Basques, or Biscayans, were among the first to engage in the New England fisheries.
230–	A port in the Bay of Biscay.
231–	Cape Cod.
232–	Crowded.
233–	Whereas.
234–	No Man’s Land.
235–	Herons.
236–	Enumerated.
237–	Behavior.
238–	A belt with cartridge-boxes.
239–	Mainland.
240–	Slept.
241–	Then much valued as a medicine.
242–	Profitable.
243–	That.
244–	Now called by its Indian name of Cuttyhunk.
245–	Of armor.
246–	i.e., in the afternoon.
247–	Fed.
248–	Brandy.
249–	Prayers.
250–	i.e., any thing to truck or trade for.
251–	Smoked. This word was formerly much used in describing the use of tobacco.
252–	Trade.
253–	A kind of boat similar to what is now called a gig.
254–	Food.
255–	That.
256–	Probably the Penobscot.
257–	Agreed.
258–	Orinoco.
259–	This place was at one time supposed to have been what is now called Parker’s Island; but is now thought to have been Cape Small Point on the main land, near the site of the present Fort Popham.
260–	Higher chief.
261–	Gentleman.
262–	Vessel.
263–	Return.
264–	Chief.
265–	Rapids.
266–	Passenger.
267–	The guns were matchlocks, for which fire was necessary.
268–	Notching, putting the notch against the string.
269–	More often written “Gosnold.”
270–	Waited.
271–	A small sailing-vessel.
272–	Iguana.
273–	i.e., taken no observations of the sun.
274–	i.e., lie to.
275–	i.e., settle as planters.	These miles are Dutch, one being equal to three English.
379–	Manhattan Island.
380–	Trader, or shop-keeper. In German, kaufmann.
381–	Farmer.
382–	Mohawks.
383–	This is probably a romance.
384–	Establish themselves, as we say “country-seat.”

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