Alexanders are to be renewed as Angelica. It is a timely Pot-hearbe.

Anglica is renued with his seede, whereof he beareth plenty the second yeare, and so dieth. You may remoue the rootes the first yeare. The leaues distilled, yeeld water soueraigne to expell paine from the stomacke. The roote dried taken in the fall, stoppeth the poares against infections.

Annyseedes make their growth, and beareth seeds the first yeere, and dieth as Coriander: it is good for opening the pipes, and it is vsed in Comfits.

Artichoakes are renewed by diuiding the rootes into sets, in March, euery third or fourth yeare. They require a seuerall vsage, and therefore a seuerall whole plot by themselues, especially considering they are plentifull of fruite much desired.

Burrage and Buglas, two Cordials, renue themselues by seed yearely, which is hard to be gathered: they are exceeding good Pot-hearbes, good for Bees, and most comfortable for the heart and stomacke, as Quinces and Wardens.

Camomile, set rootes in bankes and walkes. It is sweete smelling, qualifying head-ach.

Cabbages require great roome, they seed the second yeare: sow them in February, remoue them when the plants are an handfull long, set deepe and wet. Looke well in drought for the white Caterpillers worme, the spaunes vnder the leafe closely; for euery liuing Creature doth seeke foode and quiet shelter, and growing quicke, they draw to, and eate the heart: you may finde them in a rainy deawy morning.

It is a good Pothearbe, and of this hearbe called Cole our Countrie House-wiues giue their pottage their name, and call them Caell.

Carduus Benedictus, or blessed thistle, seeds and dyes the first yeere, the excellent vertue thereof I referre to Herbals, for we are Gardiners, not Physitians.

Carrets are sowne late in Aprill or May, as Turneps, else they seede the first yeere, and then their roots are naught: the second yeere they dye, their roots grow great, and require large roome.

Chibals or Chiues haue their roots parted, as Garlick, Lillies, &c. and so are they set euery third or fourth yeere: a good pot-hearb opening, but euill for the eies.

Clarie is sowne, it seeds the second yeere, and dyes. It is somewhat harsh in taste, a little in pottage is good, it strengtheneth the reines.

Coast, Roote parted make sets in March: it beares the second yeere: it is vsed in Ale in May.

Coriander is for vsage and vses, much like Anniseeds.

Daffadowndillies haue their roots parted, and set once in three or foure yeere, or longer time. They flower timely, and after Midsummer, are scarcely seene. They are more for ornament, then for vse, so are Daisies.

Daisie-rootes parted and set, as Flowre-deluce and Camomile, when you see them grow too thicke or decay. They be good to keepe vp, and strengthen the edges of your borders, as Pinkes, they be red, white, mixt.

Ellycampane root is long lasting, as is the Louage, it seeds yeerely, you may diuide the root, and set the roote, taken in VVinter it is good (being dryed, powdered and drunke) to kill itches.

Endiue and Succory are much like in nature, shape, and vse, they renue themselues by seed, as Fennell, and other hearbs. You may remoue them before they put forth shankes, a good Pot-hearbe.

Fennell is renued, either by the seeds (which it beareth the second yeere, and so yeerely in great abundance) sowne in the fall or Spring, or by diuiding one root into many Sets, as Artichoke, it is long of growth and life. You may remoue the roote vnshankt. It is exceeding good for the eyes, distilled, or any otherwise taken: it is vsed in dressing Hiues for swarmes, a very good Pot-hearbe, or for Sallets.

Fetherfewle shakes seed. Good against a shaking Feuer, taken in a posset drinke fasting.

Flower-deluce, long lasting. Diuide his roots, and set: the roots dryed haue a sweet smell.

Garlicke may be set an handfull distance, two inches deepe, in the edge of your beds. Part the heads into seuerall cloues, and euery cloue set in the latter end of February, will increase to a great head before September: good for opening, euill for eyes: when the blade is long, fast two & two together, the heads will be bigger.

Hollyhocke riseth high, seedeth and dyeth: the chiefe vse I know is ornament.

Isop is reasonable long lasting: young roots are good set, slips better. A good pot-hearbe.

Iuly-flowers, commonly called Gilly-flowers, or Cloue-Iuly-flowers (I call them so, because they flowre in Iuly) they haue the name of Cloues, of their sent. I may well call them the King of flowers (except the Rose) and the best sort of them are called Queene-Iuly flowers. I haue of them nine or ten seuerall colours, and diuers of them as big as Roses; of all flowers (saue the Damaske Rose) they are the most pleasant to sight and smell: they last not past three or foure yeeres vnremoued. Take the slips (without shanks) and set any time, saue in extreme frost, but especially at Michael tide. Their vse is much in ornament, and comforting the spirits, by the sence of smelling.

Iuly flowers of the wall, or wall-Iuly-flowers, wall-flowers, or Bee-flowers, or Winter-Iuly-flowers, because growing in the walles, euen in Winter, and good for Bees, will grow euen in stone walls, they will seeme dead in Summer, and yet reuiue in Winter. They yeeld seed plentifully, which you may sow at any time, or in any broken earth, especially on the top of a mud-wall, but moist, you may set the root before it be brancht, euery slip that is not flowr'd will take root, or crop him in Summer, and he will flower in Winter: but his Winter-seed is vntimely. This and Palmes are exceeding good, and timely for Bees.

Leekes yeeld seed the second yeere, vnremoued and die, vnlesse you remoue them, vsuall to eate with salt and bread, as Onyons alwaies greene, good pot-hearb, euill for the eyes.

Lauendar spike would be remoued within 7 yeeres, or eight at the most. Slips twined as Isop and Sage, would take best at Michael-tide. This flower is good for Bees, most comfortable for smelling, except Roses; and kept dry, is as strong after a yeere, and when it is gathered. The water of this is comfortable.

White Lauendar would be remoued sooner.

Lettice yeelds seed the first yeere, and dyes: sow betime, and if you would haue them Cabbage for Sallets, remoue them as you doe Cabbage. They are vsuall in Sallets, and the pot.

Lillies white and red, remoued once in three or foure yeeres their roots yeeld many Sets, like the Garlicke, Michael-tide is the best: they grow high, after they get roote: these roots are good to breake a Byle, as are Mallowes and Sorrell.

Mallowes, French or gagged, the first or second yeere, seed plentifully: sow in March, or before, they are good for the house-wifes pot, or to breake a bunch.

Marigolds most commonly come of seed, you may remoue the Plants, when they be two inches long. The double Marigold, being as bigge as a little Rose, is good for shew. They are a good Pot-hearbe.

Oculus Christi, or Christs eye, seeds and dyes the first or second yeere: you may remoue the yong Plants, but seed is better: one of these seeds put into the eye, within three or foure houres will gather a thicke skinne, cleere the eye, and bolt it selfe forth without hurt to the eye. A good Pot-hearbe.

Onyons are sowne in February, they are gathered at Michael-tide, and all the Summer long, for Sallets; as also young Parsly, Sage, Chibals, Lettice, sweet Sicily, Fennell, &c. good alone, or with meate as Mutton, &c. for sauce, especially for the pot.

Parsly sow the first yeere, and vse the next yeere: it seedes plentifully, an hearbe of much vse, as sweet Sicily is. The seed and roots are good against the Stone.

Parsneps require and whole plot, they be plentifull and common: sow them in February, the Kings (that is in the middle) seed broadest and reddest. Parsneps are sustenance for a strong stomacke, not good for euill eies: When they couer the earth in a drought, to tread the tops, make the rootes bigger.

Peny-royall, or Pudding Grasse, creepes along the ground like ground Iuie. It lasts long, like Daisies, because it puts and spreads dayly new roots. Diuide, and remoue the roots, it hath a pleasant taste and smell, good for the pot, or hackt meate, or Haggas Pudding.

Pumpions: Set seedes with your finger, a finger deepe, late in March, and so soone as they appeare, euery night if you doubt frost, couer them, and water them continually out of a water-pot: they be very tender, their fruit is great and waterish.

French poppy beareth a faire flower, and the Seed will make you sleepe.

Raddish is sauce for cloyed stomacks, as Capers, Oliues, and Cucumbers, cast the seeds all Summer long here and there, and you shall haue them alwaies young and fresh.

Rosemary, the grace of hearbs here in England, in other Countries common. To set slips immediately after Lammas, is the surest way. Seede sowne may proue well, so they be sowne in hot weather, somewhat moist, and good earth: for the hearbe, though great, is nesh and tender (as I take it) brought from hot Countries to vs in the cold North: set thinne. It becomes a Window well. The vse is much in meates, more in Physicke, most for Bees.

Rue, or Hearbe of Grace, continually greene, the slips are set. It lasts long as Rosemary, Sothernwood, &c. too strong for mine Housewifes pot, vnlesse she will brue Ale therewith, against the Plague: let him not seede, if you will haue him last.

Saffron euery third yeere his roots would be remoued at Midsummer: for when all other hearbs grow most, it dyeth. It flowreth at Michael-tide, and groweth all Winter: keepe his flowers from birds in the morning, & gather the yellow (or they shape much like Lillies) dry, and after dry them: they be precious, expelling diseases from the heart and stomacke.

Sauery seeds and dyes the first yeere, good for my Housewifes pot and pye.

Sage: set slips in May, and they grow aye: Let it not seed it will last the longer. The vse is much and common. The Monkish Prouerbe is tritum:

Skerots, roots are set when they be parted, as Pyonie, and Flower-deluce at Michael-tide: the roote is but small and very sweet. I know none other speciall vse but the Table.

Sweet Sicily, long lasting, pleasantly tasting, either the seed sowne, or the root parted, and remoued, makes increase, it is of like vse with Parsly.

Strawberries long lasting, set roots at Michael-tide or the Spring, they be red, white and greene, and ripe, when they be great and soft, some by Midsummer with vs. The vse is: they will coole my Housewife well, if they be put in Wine or Creame with Sugar.

Time, both seeds, slips and rootes are good. If it seed not, it will last three or foure yeeres or more, it smelleth comfortably. It hath much vse: namely, in all cold meats, it is good for Bees.

Turnep is sowne. In the second yeere they beare plenty of seed: they require the same time of sowing that Carrets doe: they are sicke of the same disease that Cabbages be. The roots increaseth much, it is most wholesome, if it be sowne in a good and well tempered earth: Soueraigne for eyes and Bees.

I reckon these hearbs onely, because I teach my Countrey Housewife, not skilfull Artists, and it should be an endlesse labour, and would make the matter tedious to reckon vp Landtheefe, Stocke-Iuly-flowers, Charuall, Valerian, Go-to bed at noone, Piony, Licoras, Tansie, Garden mints, Germander, Centaurie, and a thousand such physicke Hearbs. Let her first grow cunning in this, and then she may enlarge her Garden as her skill and ability increaseth. And to helpe her the more, I haue set her downe these obseruations.