TABLE 1.—Summary of the Position as regards the Employment of Women, April, 1914.
TABLE II. The Employment of Women in the Main Groups of Industrial Occupations, April 1916, 1917, 1918. | Occupation | Estimated number of Women employed July, 1914. | Increase (+), Decrease (-), since July, 1914, in the number of Women employed. | Number of Women stated by Employers to be replacing Men, April, 1916. | | April, 1916. | April, 1917. | April, 1918. | | Metal Trades | 170,000 | +149,200 | +295,300 | +385,000 | 194,000 | | Chemical Trades | 40,000 | +34,300 | +66,000 | +63,000 | 81,000 | | Textile Trades | 863,000 | +19,200 | +14,500 | -19,000 | 65,000 | | Clothing Trades | 612,000 | +12,800 | -44,700 | -37,000 | 46,000 | | Food Trades | 196,000 | +17,100 | +25,000 | +30,000 | 62,000 | | Paper and Printing Trades | 147,000 | -700 | -5,100 | -4,000 | 21,000 | | Wood Trades | 44,000 | +14,000 | +21,000 | +34,000 | 26,000 | | All Industrial Occupations, including some not specified above | 2,176,000 | +284,700 | +483,600 | +537,000 | 510,000 |
TABLE III.
Analysis of Pre-War Occupation of Women made by Special Inquiry, January 1917.
PRE-WAR OCCUPATION
| Present Occupation. | Same Occupation. | Household Duties, and not previously occupied. | Textile Trades. | Clothing Trades. | Other Industries. | Domestic Service. | Other Industrial Occupations. | Total stated and classified. | | Metal Trades | 53,249 | 18,927 | 3,408 | 4,635 | 12,458 | 12,502 | 5,449 | 110,628 | | Chemical Trades | 14,634 | 52,407 | 6,226 | 17,941 | 20,879 | 44,438 | 17,079 | 173,604 | | Textile Trades | 6,378 | 4,730 | 1,377 | 3,695 | 2,320 | 2,531 | 1,054 | 22,085 | | Clothing Trades | 38,256 | 9,334 | 1,000 | 8,430 | 5,745 | 4,970 | 3,643 | 71,378 | | Wood Trades | 4,439 | 3,764 | 783 | 1,490 | 2,626 | 3,950 | 1,196 | 18,248 | | Leather Trades | 7,682 | 2,179 | 695 | 1,372 | 1,782 | 1,311 | 822 | 15,843 | | Rubber Trades | 7,897 | 4,055 | 1,119 | 1,561 | 2,104 | 2,393 | 1,030 | 20,159 | | Others | 4,003 | 3,115 | 400 | 669 | 1,233 | 1,897 | 875 | 12,192 | | Total | 136,538 | 98,511 | 15,008 | 39,793 | 49,147 | 73,992 | 31,148 | 444,137 |
TABLE IV. Showing Changes between July, 1914, and October, 1918, in Numbers of Girls under 18 employed in Various Occupations. | Occupations with— | Numbers on | Gross | | July 1914. | Oct. 1918. | Increase. | Decrease. | | (1) Very large Increase. | | Building and Construction | 1,500 | 6,000 | 4,500 | ... | | Metal Trades | 45,000 | 108,000 | 63,000 | ... | | Chemical Trades | 11,000 | 25,000 | 14,000 | ... | | Woodworking Trades | 10,500 | 20,000 | 9,500 | ... | | Other Trades | 26,000 | 37,000 | 11,000 | ... | | Total in Industry | 94,000 | 196,000 | 102,000 | ... | | (2) Large Increase, but no serious problem. | | Mines and Quarries | 1,500 | 4,000 | 2,500 | ... | | Agriculture | 12,000 | 18,000 | 6,000 | ... | | Professional Occupations | 5,000 | 11,000 | 6,000 | ... | | Postal Service | 10,000 | 14,000 | 4,000 | ... | | Municipal Gas, Water, and Electricity | ... | 1,000 | 1,000 | ... | | Municipal Tramways | ... | 1,000 | 1,000 | ... | | Other Local Government Service | 5,000 | 8,000 | 3,000 | ... | | Total in Class 2 | 33,500 | 57,000 | 23,500 | ... | | (3) Small Increase. | | Food, Drink, and Tobacco Trades | 49,000 | 53,000 | 4,000 | ... | TABLE V. Number of Children and Young Persons convicted of Indictable Offenses in Juvenile Courts in large Cities and in the Metropolitan Police Area from 1914-1917. | Indictable Offenses. | 1914 | 1915 | 1916 | 1917 | | —— | —— | —— | —— | | Manchester | 435 | 708 | 767 | 750 | | Liverpool | 1,169 | 1,545 | 2,013 | 2,196 | | Leeds | 191 | 256 | 295 | 385 | | Bristol | 106 | 207 | 331 | 279 | | Birmingham | 368 | 423 | 504 | 625 | | Newcastle | 86 | 177 | 222 | 234 | | —— | —— | —— | —— | | 2,355 | 3,316 | 4,132 | 4,469 | | Metropolitan Police District | 1,778 | 3,069 | 3,858 | 3,856 |
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