• Abortive, imperfectly developed.
• Aberrant, deviating from a type.
• Acicular, needle-shaped.
• Aculeate, slender pointed.
• Acuminate, terminating in a point.
• Acute, sharp pointed.
• Adnate, gills squarely and firmly attached to the stem.
• Adnexed, gills just reaching the stem.
• Adhesion, union of different organs or tissues.
• Adpressed, pressed into close contact, as applied to the gills.
• Agglutinated, glued to the surface.
• Alveolate, honey-combed.
• Alutaceous, having the color of tanned leather.
• Anastomosing, branching, joining of one vein with another.
• Annual, completing growth in one year.
• Annular, ring-shaped.
• Annulate, having a ring.
• Annulus, the ring around the stem of a mushroom.
• Apex, in mushrooms the extremity of the stem next to the gills.
• Apical, close to the apex.
• Apiculate, terminating in a small point.
• Appendiculate, hanging in small fragments.
• Applanate, flattened out or horizontally expanded.
• Arachnoid, cobweb-like.
• Arculate, bow-shaped.
• Areolate, pitted, net-like.
• Ascus, spore case of certain mushrooms.
• Ascomycetes, a group of fungi in which the spores are produced in sacs.
• Ascospore, hymenium or sporophore bearing an ascus or asci.
• Atomate, sprinkled with atoms or minute particles.
• Atro (ater, black), in composition "black" or "dark."
• Atropurpureous, dark purple (purpura, purple).
• Aurantiaceous, orange-colored (aurantium, an orange).
• Aureous, golden-yellow.
• Auriculate, ear-shaped.
• Azonate, without zones or circular bands.

• Badious, bay, chestnut-color, or reddish-brown.
• Basidium (pl. basidia), an enlarged cell on which spores are borne.
• Basidiomycetes, the group of fungi that have spores borne on a basidium.
• Bifid, cleft or divided into two parts.
• Booted, applied to the stem of mushrooms when inclosed in a volva.
• Boss, a knob or short rounded protuberance.
• Bossed, furnished with a boss or knob, bulbate.
• Byssus, a fine filamentous mass.

• CÆspitose, growing in tufts.
• Calyptra, applied to the portion of volva covering the pileus.
• Campanulate, bell-shaped.
• Cap, the expanded, umbrella-like receptacle of a common mushroom.
• Capillitium, spore-bearing threads, often much branched, found in puffballs.
• Carnose, flesh-color.
• Cartilaginous, hard and tough.
• Castaneous, chestnut-color.
• Ceraceous, wax-like.
• Cerebriform, brain-shaped.
• Cespitose, growing in tufts.
• Cilia, marginal hair-like processes.
• Ciliate, fringed with hair-like processes.
• Cinereous, light bluish gray or ash gray.
• Circumscissile, breaking at or near the middle on equatorial line.
• Circinate, rounded.
• Clavate, club-shaped, gradually thickened upward.
• Columella, a sterile tissue rising column-like in the midst of the Capillitium.
• Concrete, grown together.
• Continuous, without a break, one part running into another.
• Cordate, heart-shaped.
• Coriaceous, of a leathery or a cork-like texture.
• Cortex, outer or rind-like layer.
• Cortina, the web-like veil of the genus Cortinarius.
• Cortinate, with a cortina.
• Costate, with a ridge or ridges.
• Crenate, notched, indented or escalloped at the edge.
• Cryptogamia, applied to the division of non-flowering plants.
• Cyathiform, cup-shaped.
• Cyst, a bladder-like cell or cavity.
• Cystidium (pl. cystidia), sterile cells of the hymenium, bladder-like.

• Deciduous, of leaves falling off.
• Decurrent, as when the gills of a mushroom are prolonged down the stem.
• Dehiscent, a closed organ opening of itself at maturity.
• Deliquescent, melting down, becoming liquid.
• Dendroid, shaped like a tree.
• Dentate, toothed.
• Denticulate, with small teeth.
• Dichotomous, paired, regularly forked.
• Dimidiate, halved, applied to gills not entire.
• Disc (disk), the hymenial surface, usually cup-shaped.
• Discomycetes, Ascomycetes with the hymenium exposed.
• Dissepiments, dividing walls.
• Distant, applied to gills which are not close.
• Discrete, distinct, not divided.

• Echinate, furnished with stiff bristles.
• Effused, spread over without regular form.
• Emarginate, when the gills are notched or scooped out at junction with stem.
• Ephemeral, lasting but a short time.
• Epidermis, the external or outer layer of the plant.
• Epiphytal, growing upon another plant.
• Eccentric, out of the center; stem not attached to center of pileus.
• Exoperidium, outer layer of the peridium.
• Exotic, foreign.
• Explanate, flattened or expanded.

• Farinaceous, mealy.
• Farinose, covered with a mealy powder.
• Falcate, hooked or curved like a scythe.
• Fasciculate, growing in bundles.
• Fastigiate, bundled together with a sheath.
• Ferruginous, rust-colored.
• Fibrillose, clothed with small fibers.
• Fibrous, composed of fibers.
• Filiform, thread-like.
• Fimbriated, fringed.
• Fissile, capable of being split.
• Fistular, fistulose, with the stem hollow or becoming hollow.
• Flabelliform, fan-shaped.
• Flaccid, soft and flabby.
• Flavescent, turning yellow.
• Flexuose, wavy.
• Flocci, threads as of mold.
• Floccose, downy.
• Flocculose, covered with flocci.
• Free, said of gills not attached to the stem.
• Friable, easily crumbling.
• Fugacious, disappearing quickly.
• Fuliginous, sooty-brown or dark smoke-color.
• Furcate, forked.
• Furfuraceous, with bran-like scales or scurf.
• Fuscous, dingy, brownish or brown tinged with gray.
• Fusiform, spindle-shaped.

• Gasteromyces, Basidiomycetes, in which the hymenium is inclosed.
• Gelatinous, jelly-like.
• Genus, a group of closely related species.
• Gibbous, swollen at one point.
• Gills, plates radiating from the stem on which the basidia are borne.
• Glabrous, smooth.
• Glaucous, with a white bloom.
• Gleba, the spore-bearing tissue, as in puffballs and phalloids.
• Globose, nearly round.
• Granular, with a roughened surface.
• Gregarious, growing in numbers in the same vicinity.

• Habitat, the natural place of growth of a plant.
• Hirsute, hairy.
• Host, the plant or animal on which a parasitic fungus grows.
• Hyaline, transparent, clear like glass.
• Hygrophanous, looking watery when moist and opaque when dry.
• Hygrometric, readily absorbing water.
• Hymenium, the fruit-bearing surface.
• Hymenophore, the portion which bears the hymenium.
• Hypha, one of the elongated cells or threads of the fungus.

• Imbricate, overlapping like shingles.
• Immarginate, without a distinct border.
• Incarnate, flesh-color.
• Indehiscent, not opening.
• Indigenous, native of a country or a place.
• Indurated, hardened.
• Indusium, a veil beneath the pileus.
• Inferior, the ring low down on the stem of Agarics.
• Infundibuliform, funnel-shaped.
• Innate, adhering by growth.
• Involute, edges rolled inward.
• Isabelline, color of sole leather, brownish-yellow.

• Laccate, varnished or coated with wax.
• Lacerate, irregularly torn.
• Laciniate, divided into lobes.
• Lacunose, pitted or having cavities.
• Lamella (lamellÆ), gills of a mushroom.
• Lanate, wooly.
• Leucospore, white spore.
• Livid, bluish-black.
• Luteous, yellowish.

• Maculate, spotted.
• Marginate, having a distinct border.
• Micaceous, covered with glistening scales, mica-like.
• Micron, one-thousandth of a millimeter, nearly .00004 of an inch.
• Mycelium, the delicate threads from germinating spores, called spawn.

• Nigrescent, becoming black.

• Obconic, inversely conical.
• Obovate, inversely egg-shaped.
• Obese, stout, plump.
• Ochraceous, ochre-yellow, brownish-yellow.

• Pallid, pale, undecided in color.
• Papillate, cov
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
  
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