The vocabulary of PG. has but few synonyms, a single word being used where High German has several, as 'plats' (place) for G. platz and ort. Of the German words for horse (pferd, ross, gaul, etc.), 'gaul' is universal in speech, ross seems not to be known, and pferd is almost restricted to print.[15] A colt is not called fÜllen as in German, but 'hutsch,' with a diminutival 'hutschli' (in Suabian hutschel, hutschele, Westerwald husz, Lusatian huszche.)

A pig is not ferkel (Lat. porc-ell-us, Welsh porch-ell) but 'seili' (from sau), and children call it 'wuts' (Suab. butzel) a repetition of this being used (as well in vicinal English) in calling these animals. 'Kalb' (calf, pl. 'kelw?r') is named by children 'ham?li'[16] when a suckling. Cows are called with 'kum see! see! see ham?li! see!' and when close at hand with 'suk suk suk' (as in forsook)—used also in the English of the locality.[17]

Of G. knabe (boy) and bube, pl. buben, PG. takes the latter as 'buu,' pl. 'buuw?;' and of the G. haupt and kopf (head) it prefers the latter as 'k?p.' Of the verbs schmeissen and werfen (to throw), kriegen and bekommen (to obtain), hocken and sitzen (to sit), schwetzen and sprechen (to talk), erzÄhlen and sagen (to tell), PG. uses 'schmeiss?,' 'kriigh?,' 'h?k?,' 'schwets?' and 'saagh?' almost exclusively.

The suffix -lein, condensed to -li and -l, is the universal diminutival, as in Swisserland and South Germany—a small house being called 'heissli' and not hÄus-chen, and a girl 'meedl' and not mÄdchen. It is, however, very often associated with the adjective klee (little) G. klein, as in PG. '? klee? bichli' (a little book).

German kartoffeln (potatoes) is rejected for G. grundbirnen[18] under the form of 'krumpiir?,' where 'krum' is accepted by some as krumm (crooked), while some regard the latter part as meaning pears, and others as berries.

F'rleÍcht, FileÍcht (perhaps, G. vielleicht) are in use, but the former seems the more common.

Sau?rampl, G. sauerampfer (sorrel, Rumex).

Reww?r, Krik, Krikli (Eng. river, creek) have thrust aside G. flusz and bach.

Laaf? (to walk; G. laufen to run, and to walk).

Schpring-? (to run, a Swiss usage. G. springen, to leap, spring, gush).

Pets? (to pinch), Alsace pfets?, Swiss pfÄtzen, Suab. pfetzen.

Tref (Suab., a knock, blow). PG. 'ich tref dich' (I strike thee).

Schmuts (a hearty kiss). Swiss, Suab., in G. schmatz.

Un'ich (under), G. unter, occurs in provincial German as unn-ig and unt-ig; hinnig occurs also, PG. 'hinnich,' as in 'hinnich d'r diir' behind the door.

Wii m'r donaus gl?ff? sin, bin ich hinnich iin nooch gl?ff?. As we walked out, I walked behind him.

For 'hinnich,' Alsatian has hing-?, as in 'M'r geen hing-? [nach den] noo d? goort? noo'—We go along behind the garden.

Uum?t, oom?t, Austr. omad, Swiss amet, G. das grummet (aftermath). Suab. Ämt, emt, Ömd, aumad; Bavar. Âmad.

Arik, arrig (much, very), Swiss arig, G. arg (bad, cunning).

PG. Ich hab net gwist [Suab. gwest] dass es so arrik reegh?rt. I did not suppose it to be raining so hard.

Artlich (tolerably) is the Swiss artlich and artig.

Eww?, G. adv. eben (really, even, just), but it is PG. 'eew?' when it is the adj. even.

Ich hab eww? net gwist for sure eb Ær ? fraa h?t ?d?r net. (Rauch.) I did not even know 'for sure' if he has a wife or not.

Ámanat, adv. metathesised and adapted from G. an einem Orte (at a place), a dative for an accusative an einen Ort (in a place) as used here. In the example, 'an?' is G. an inflected, and zu of zu schÍcken is omitted, as sometimes done in PG.

... wan als ? briif kummt f'r Ámanat an? schik? ... (Rauch.) When ever a letter comes for to send on—to be sent on.

Henkweid? (weeping willow). G. HÄngebirke, is hanging birch.

Tapp?r (quickly), as in Schpring tapp?r run quick! be in a hurry—thus used in Westerwald, and as very in Silesia. G. tapfer (brave, bravely), E. dapper.

Meen?r (more), Meenscht (most), for G. mehr, meist, are rÉferable to mancher and a hypothetic mannigste. 'Mee' and 'mee?' (more), Swiss—"Was wett i meh?" What would I more. "Nimme meh," never more. PG. 'Was wet ich mee? Nimmi mee.' (See Ellis, Early English Pronunciation, p. 663, note 39.)

Schtrublich, schtruwlich. G. struppig (bristly, rough), Swiss strublig, PG. 'schtruwlich' (disordered, uncombed, as hair). English of the locality stroobly.

Neewich; SG. nebensich, Wetterau (upper Hessia) nÊbig, G. neben (beside).

"Naevvich der mommy ruht er now [Eng. now]
In sellem Gottes-acker[19] dort,
Shraegs[20] fun der Kreutz Creek Kerrich nuf, [hinauf.]
Uft denk ich doch an seller ort!"—Rachel Bahn.

Hensching, G. handschue (gloves, Sw. hÄndschen) becomes a new word with 'hen' for hÄnde (hands), the Ä umlaut being used to pluralise, but the word is singular also, and, to particularise, a glove proper is 'fing-er hensching' and a mitten 'fauscht-hensching.' This termination is given to 'pÆrsching' a peach.

Sidder (since), Swiss sider, sitter; Suabian and Silesian sider; Scotch, etc., sithens.

Schpel (a pin), SG. die spelle (a better word than G. stecknadel); Dutch speld (with d educed from l); Lat. SPIcuLa.

Bots?r (masc. a tail-less hen), Holstein, buttars. Provincial G. butzig (stumpy).

Mallik?p (i.e. thick-headed, a tadpole). Swiss mollig, molli (stout, blunt); Suabian mollig (fleshy). Alsatian muurkr?ntl (tadpole) from muur, G. moder, Eng. mud. The PG. of western New York has taken the New England word polliwog.

Blech (tin, a tin cup); dim. 'blechli.' Blechiche Bool (a tin bowl, i.e. a dipper, a convenient word which seems not to have been introduced). In Pennsylvanian English, a tin cup is a tin.

In old English, 'than' represented than and then, and PG. has 'dann' for both G. dann (then) and denn (for); and also 'wann' for wann (when) and wenn (if), as in Rachel Bahn's lines—

For a picture of purity is it (da) here, 'in fact' (wir kÖnnen sehen darnach) we can perceive therefrom, that our heart must be as pure, (wenn in das reich wir wollen hinein) If we would enter into the kingdom.

Bascht? (to husk maize), from 'bascht,' G. bast (soft inner bark, E. bast), applied in PG. to the husk of Indian corn.—Rachel Bahn (1869) thus uses it—

"Die leut sie hocke 's welshcorn ab,	Dii leit sii hack? 's welschkarn ap,
'S is 'n rechte guhte crop,	's iss 'n rechte guute 'crap,' (fem.)
Un' wann's daer genunk werd sei,	un wan 's dÆrr genunk wÆrt sei?,
Noh bashte sies un' fahres eih."	noo bascht? sii 's un faar? 's ei?.

The people they (ab-hacken) chop off ('s, das) the maize, (es ist) it is a right good 'crop,' and when (es) it becomes (dÜrr genug) dry enough, they (darnach) afterwards husk it and (fahren) haul it in.

Greisslich (to be disagreeably affected). SG. grÜselig, G. grÄszlich (horrible), E. grisly.

Noo, danoo', danoot', nord, G. darnach (then, subsequently).

Bendl (a string), schuubendl (shoe-string). Swiss bÄndel.

Schteiper, n. (Lat. stÎpes), a prop, as of timber. G. nautical term steiper, a stanchion. Schteiper?, v.t. to prop; to set a prop.

F?rhÚtt?l?, v. intrans. 'Ich bin f'r-huttlt,' (I am confused, perplexed.) 'Ich denk dii bissn?ss iss 'n bissli f'r-huttlt.' (I think the 'business' is a bit mixed up.) G. verhudeln (to spoil, bungle.)

Paanhaas, as if, G. pfanne-hase (pan-hare). Maize flour boiled in the metsel-soup, afterwards fried and seasoned like a hare. (Compare Welsh rabbit.) The word is used in English, conjointly with scrapple.

Loos (a sow), as in Swiss and Suabian.

Laad, fem. (coffin), toodlaad, tood?laad, as in Alsace. G. die lade (chest, box, case). PG. bettlaad, Suab. bettlade, for G. bettgestell (bedstead).

Schtreel, m. (a comb), Swiss, Alsatian, Suab. der strÄhl. But G. striegel, PG. striegel, PG. strigl, is a currycomb.

Aarsch, the butt end of an egg, as in Suabian.

Falsch (angry), as in Swiss, Bavarian, and Austrian. PG. Sel h?t mich falsch g'macht. That made me angry.

Hoochtsich, Alsat. hoochtsitt, G. hochzeit (a wedding).

Heem?ln, Swiss heimeln (to cause a longing, to cause home feelings).

(G. Wie alles da anheimelt mich) How all here impresses me with home, I stand, and think, and look; and what I had almost forgotten, comes back again as out of its grave, and stands here like a ghost.