CHAPTER IX.

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THE POSSIBILITIES OF THE REVOLVER.

Results of Revolver-firing up to Fifty Yards.

It was believed by many of the experts with fire-arms, as well as the author, for a number of years, that the possibilities of the revolver were not generally, if at all, known. Many were aware that the single-shot pistol with a long barrel, suitable sights, and proper charge was capable of doing excellent work at short and long range; but the revolver, on account of its revolving cylinder, permitting an escape of gas, as well as the comparatively short barrel, was capable of shooting accurately only at short range; 25 yards or 100 feet was generally the chosen distance in most revolver contests, and it was thought necessary to have a target as coarse as the Creedmoor 200-yard rifle target to shoot on at these distances. Believing that the revolver was capable of doing much finer work than any previously recorded work it was possible for the author to learn of, he closely watched the results obtained with this arm in various parts of the world; sought and obtained the services of the most skilful marksmen he could find; arranged public and private exhibitions; spent days upon the rifle-ranges where experiments were tried, thousands of shots fired from revolvers and pistols, at a rest with fine sights by acknowledged experts in this style of shooting; professional and expert amateurs’ services obtained; and revolvers and pistols, of various makes, shot from 7 up to 500 yards. Factories where the revolvers were manufactured were visited, shooting witnessed and done, and the results obtained carefully preserved.

As the author became impressed that the results secured from time to time were beyond what was believed the revolver was capable of doing, he forwarded targets or reports to manufacturers of the arms used, with a request to be informed if the results were equal or superior to what they had obtained, or thought were likely to be secured. In every instance replies indicated that they were surprised at the excellence of the results; and in most cases they frankly acknowledged that the accuracy was beyond what they supposed the arms possessed. These replies have influenced the author to record in this little work the results of pistol and revolver firing which have come under his personal observation, believing that they are much beyond what was generally believed to be possible to do with those arms, more complete than has ever been previously recorded; but at the same time firmly believing that if pistol and revolver shooting becomes a popular sport in America,—if it is indulged in to one-half the extent rifle-shooting is at the time of preparing this work,—the feats chronicled in this volume will not be the best results possible, and, doubtless, many an amateur will surpass them.

Eighteen shots with a revolver, by Mr. George Bird, at 12 yards, winner of first prize in revolver match, Conlin’s Gallery, New York. Score, 210; possible, 216.

Parties who essay to perform such feats as lighting matches and driving tacks with a bullet usually attempt them at a distance of about 7 yards, as that is about as long a distance as the average person can see such objects. Ten and 12 yards is about the shortest distance at which target-shooting is practised; at this distance the modern revolver, with a barrel from four inches upwards, if properly charged and held, if all the cylinders are loaded, ought to place every shot in a group which could be enclosed or touched by a circle one inch in diameter. It requires a good revolver, proper ammunition, as well as a skilful marksman, to do such work; but it is no uncommon occurrence in galleries where the range is 12 yards, as will be seen by the illustrations in this chapter.

It is nothing uncommon for experts with pistol or revolver to place a series of shots in a smaller circle than one inch, at 12 yards, especially if a .22-calibre, single-shot, heavy pistol is used; but it should be stated that such shooting is generally done with light charges; but it can and has been done with full, heavy charges. At 20 yards it is not uncommon to place all the shots, when fired at a rest, in or touched by a circle one and one-half inches in diameter.

When revolver-shooting was introduced as an adjunct to rifle-shooting it was thought that the Standard American target for 200 yards rifle practice was the proper thing for revolver-shooting at a distance of 25 yards. A match was first announced at the annual meeting at Creedmoor, in 1886, in which there were three scores of 48 out of a possible 50 in five shots secured. There were three scores to count, or possible 150 points. The highest three scores in this match were 143, 140, 134. There were five scores only of five shots each in which the shots were all inside of the nine-circle, which is 554/100 inches in diameter. A month later the Massachusetts Rifle Association announced a revolver match, in the annual fall meeting programme, under similar conditions, excepting the match called for five scores to count. As both matches were unlimited reËntry matches, the best three scores of the highest four individuals are taken to compare with the results secured at Creedmoor. Four scores are selected because the person at the head of the list was a professional shot, and his skill at that time was considerably in advance of his competitors.

Six shots with a Smith & Wesson .32-calibre revolver, at 12 yards, made in Conlin’s Gallery, New York City, February 8, 1887, by Mr. Pierre Lorillard, Jr.

The second, third, and fourth prize-winners secured an aggregate of 142, 142, 141.

The professional shot was Chevalier Paine, who on his sixth entry secured the possible of 50 in five shots and two scores of 49, making 148 out of a possible 150, or the 15 shots (not consecutive) in a 554/100 inch circle. This gentleman fired 40 shots. Of this number there were 27 in the 10 circle, which is 336/100 inches in diameter. Soon after this meeting revolver-shooting sprung into popularity, and it was shown by the shooting of the members of the Massachusetts Rifle Association that, if revolver-shooting was continued at 25 yards, the possible would be secured so frequently as to make the sport uninteresting. It is worthy of record that Mr. A. L. Brackett of that association made the following 10-shot score at 25 yards on the Standard American target:—

10 10 10 10 10 10 10 8 10 10 = 98

It was decided by this club to change the distance to 50 yards.

Chevalier Ira Paine was the first individual known to fire 100 shots on this target at this distance, which he did Oct. 15, 1886, at Walnut Hill range, using a .44-calibre Russian-model army revolver and factory ammunition made by Union Metallic Cartridge Co.

The 100 shots were as follows:—

7 7 8 6 9 7 6 8 9 9 = 76
9 10 8 7 8 9 6 9 5 8 = 79
9 9 7 8 7 9 7 6 10 6 = 78
9 5 8 6 7 9 8 10 10 10 = 82
8 6 9 8 8 7 7 6 8 10 = 77
6 10 9 6 8 9 7 9 7 9 = 80
9 9 10 8 6 9 7 10 9 7 = 84
9 6 9 9 6 10 10 8 7 9 = 82
10 8 10 7 8 8 8 6 9 6 = 80
8 6 9 8 6 7 7 8 6 8 = 73
Total 791

Six shots with a Smith & Wesson Frontier-model revolver, at 12 yards, reduced charge, made by Mr. George Bird, at Conlin’s Gallery, New York, April 23, 1887.

The first person who attempted to equal Chevalier Paine’s record was Dr. C. C. Foster, who fired 100 shots with a Colt’s .38-calibre double-action revolver on same target, at the same distance, at Walnut Hill, Nov. 20, 1886, he securing 782 points. The next attempt at raising the record was by Chevalier Paine, who shot against his own record at Walnut Hill with the same weapon he used in the first 50-yard match. He shot on March 17, 1887, with the following result:—

9 5 7 10 10 10 9 10 9 8 = 87
7 6 6 7 6 9 9 10 7 5 = 72
10 9 10 7 7 7 9 10 9 7 = 85
10 10 9 7 9 6 7 10 9 9 = 86
10 10 6 10 10 8 10 7 10 9 = 90
9 8 7 8 7 9 10 6 8 7 = 79
10 8 9 9 8 10 9 8 6 9 = 86
10 7 8 9 10 9 10 10 6 8 = 87
8 8 8 6 10 9 7 9 10 7 = 82
10 6 9 10 9 8 7 10 9 9 = 87
Total 841

It will be observed that 70 of the 100 shots were bull’s-eyes; 29 of the shots were tens, or in the 336/100 circle. The first 10 shots broke all previous 10-shot records; the fifth string counted 90, and was at that time the best 10-shot record at 50 yards. The aggregate of 841 for the 100 shots was 50 points over his previous record, and 59 points more than had ever been secured by any other individual in a 100-shot match.

This 100-shot was unbroken until Nov. 4, 1887; but on May 21, 1887, Mr. W. W. Bennett broke the 10-shot 50 yards’ record on the Standard American target, by recording the following score at Walnut Hill:—

10 8 10 6 10 7 10 10 10 10 = 91

On November 4 Mr. F. E Bennett fired 100 shots at 50 yards with a Smith & Wesson Russian-model, .44-calibre army revolver, with factory ammunition, with the declared object of breaking the 100-shot record. He scored the following result:—

1 7 8 10 10 9 7 10 7 9 10 = 87
2 8 9 8 9 7 10 8 6 9 9 = 83
3 6 10 9 8 10 10 9 8 10 7 = 87
4 8 9 10 9 6 10 7 10 8 8 = 85
5 7 9 8 8 9 5 6 9 10 7 = 78
6 9 10 8 7 10 10 8 10 6 9 = 87
7 10 9 9 8 10 10 10 7 7 9 = 89
8 10 9 9 7 9 9 7 10 8 7 = 85
9 9 10 7 9 10 7 8 9 7 10 = 86
10 10 8 9 10 8 8 10 9 9 9 = 90
Total 857

This score was 16 points higher than any previous record.

On November 14 a second match was shot by him, under similar conditions as the first, resulting as follows:—

1 7 9 10 10 9 8 10 8 8 6 = 85
2 9 9 10 10 9 10 9 10 9 7 = 92
3 10 9 10 10 8 9 10 9 9 7 = 91
4 7 10 9 8 10 8 8 8 10 7 = 85
5 7 9 9 10 8 10 10 10 9 9 = 91
6 10 8 10 8 10 7 9 10 7 9 = 88
7 7 8 8 8 9 9 7 10 8 7 = 81
8 7 9 10 5 9 8 8 9 9 9 = 83
9 9 9 10 10 7 10 10 10 9 8 = 92
10 7 10 9 9 7 10 9 10 8 10 = 89
Total 877

This aggregate being 20 points higher than any previous record.

On Nov. 25, 1887, Mr. F. E. Bennett fired 100 shots, under similar conditions, the 10-shot aggregate being:—

85 89 87 86 88 81 95 89 = 852

He fell short of the 100-shot record, but broke the 10-shot record by the following score:—

10 10 10 9 9 10 9 10 9 9 = 95

Six shots with a Smith & Wesson .44-calibre Russian-model revolver, reduced charge, made in Conlin’s Gallery, New York, Feb. 12, 1887, by Mr. J. T. B. Collins.

A diagram of this target is shown on page 100, in an illustration reduced one-quarter.

95 out of a possible 100, on Standard American target, in 10 consecutive shots, at 50 yards, with a Smith & Wesson .44-calibre Russian-model revolver, with Union Metallic Cartridge Co. ammunition, made at Walnut Hill, Mass., Nov. 25, 1887, by Mr. F. E. Bennett. Reduced one-quarter.

In November, 1887, a wager was made that Mr. F. E. Bennett would equal or surpass 841 points or better for six consecutive days, firing 100 shots a day, at 50 yards, on the Standard American target, using factory ammunition. He commenced his task December 5, and following is the score in detail:—

December 5.

1 6 10 8 10 7 10 10 10 10 10 = 91
2 8 10 9 10 7 9 9 9 10 8 = 89
3 9 10 10 6 9 10 9 10 10 10 = 93
4 10 9 9 6 10 10 10 8 9 9 = 90
5 8 10 7 6 9 8 9 9 10 9 = 85
6 8 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 8 = 94
7 7 9 10 10 6 9 10 8 7 6 = 82
8 10 10 9 10 7 9 8 9 7 9 = 88
9 10 10 8 8 10 9 10 10 7 8 = 90
10 9 7 7 10 10 8 8 9 9 7 = 84
Total 886

December 6.

1 5 7 10 9 10 10 10 9 9 8 = 87
2 8 9 10 7 6 9 10 10 10 10 = 89
3 8 9 10 8 10 7 8 10 10 9 = 89
4 8 9 10 7 7 8 9 9 8 10 = 85
5 9 10 7 10 10 10 10 10 10 8 = 94
6 9 9 10 10 0 7 10 9 9 10 = 83
7 6 7 9 10 9 9 10 9 9 6 = 84
8 8 9 10 9 9 10 10 8 6 8 = 87
9 10 10 8 9 10 10 10 9 8 8 = 92
10 8 6 7 8 7 9 10 8 6 8 = 77
Total 867

December 7.

1 10 8 9 0 10 6 6 9 6 7 = 71
2 7 8 10 8 7 8 9 8 8 10 = 83
3 7 9 6 7 10 7 8 8 9 7 = 78
4 7 9 10 7 9 10 7 9 10 6 = 84
5 8 8 8 9 9 8 8 10 9 9 = 86
6 10 7 8 10 10 10 10 9 10 10 = 94
7 7 9 8 10 9 8 10 6 9 10 = 86
8 8 7 8 7 7 10 9 9 8 7 = 80
9 9 9 9 9 10 8 8 10 9 9 = 90
10 8 10 8 8 7 8 8 8 8 7 = 80
Total 832

December 8.

1 8 7 10 9 8 9 7 7 10 8 = 83
2 8 7 7 9 9 8 7 10 9 8 = 82
3 10 5 9 8 5 10 8 9 8 6 = 78
4 10 6 9 10 8 9 9 9 10 10 = 90
5 8 10 10 8 10 7 10 9 9 10 = 91
6 7 6 9 9 6 10 10 10 7 10 = 84
7 7 8 7 9 8 8 8 8 7 10 = 80
8 9 7 8 10 10 10 10 6 10 10 = 90
9 9 8 9 9 7 8 9 6 9 10 = 84
10 5 6 8 10 7 6 9 10 10 10 = 81
Total 843

December 9.

1 10 7 9 9 7 10 10 8 7 8 = 85
2 7 9 8 10 7 9 10 7 9 8 = 84
3 8 8 10 9 9 10 9 8 9 10 = 90
4 7 8 10 9 9 10 10 7 10 10 = 90
5 7 8 10 8 9 9 10 9 9 8 = 87
6 10 8 9 9 9 8 8 9 10 6 = 86
7 9 10 7 9 8 10 10 9 8 8 = 88
8 10 7 10 8 9 8 8 10 8 7 = 85
9 9 8 9 9 7 9 8 8 10 10 = 87
10 7 7 9 8 10 7 10 8 10 10 = 86
Total 868

December 10.

1 9 8 8 9 10 10 9 9 10 8 = 90
2 7 10 7 10 8 10 10 7 9 9 = 87
3 10 8 9 6 9 8 7 8 8 10 = 83
4 10 9 10 10 9 8 10 7 10 9 = 92
5 9 9 7 10 9 9 8 10 8 8 = 87
6 10 8 10 10 10 9 7 9 9 8 = 90
7 9 10 9 10 10 7 6 9 9 8 = 87
8 9 7 10 6 10 8 10 9 8 8 = 85
9 9 10 6 9 10 10 10 9 10 10 = 93
10 6 7 9 9 9 5 8 10 10 9 = 82
Total 876

Eighteen consecutive shots, made by Mr. Allen P. Kelly, in Conlin’s Gallery, New York City, in revolver match, Massachusetts Rifle Association target.

The shooting of Mr. F. E. Bennett attracted the attention of Chevalier Paine, who, on December 9, fired 100 shots, using a .38/44-calibre Smith & Wesson revolver, this arm being the same as the .44 calibre in exterior, but is bored .38 calibre instead of.44. It has a straight shell, which extends entirely through the cylinder, coming flush with the end of cylinder. This was a special arm, made to order, and took specially-prepared ammunition. Only the aggregate for 100 shots was preserved, which was 878 points. This was one point higher than had previously been scored.

On December 13 Chevalier Paine fired 190 shots with a Smith & Wesson .44-calibre revolver, but as 100-shot records were being compared, we take the first 100 shots which made the most favorable showing, and the 10-shot strings aggregated as follows:—

90 92 87 89 86 85 92 85 91 = 882

The next trial was on Thursday, December 15, using same revolver and ammunition, with the following result:—

92 89 89 89 88 85 85 83 = 871

On December 17 he again faced the target, firing 210 shots, the first and second 100 shots showing the following results:—

94 96 90 85 87 86 81 92 88 87 = 886
89 96 90 89 91 86 87 85 89 86 = 888

The last 100-shot score of 888 being two points more than any previous record. The 10-shot record was also broken by two strings, which aggregated 96 points; higher by one point than any previously known record.

Score of 96 out of a possible 100, in 10 consecutive shots, on Standard American target, at 50 yards, made by Chevalier Ira A. Paine, at Narragansett Gun Club grounds, Providence, R.I., Dec. 17, 1887, with Smith & Wesson .44-calibre Russian-model revolver, with factory ammunition of Union Metallic Cartridge Co. make. Reduced one-quarter.

On December 22 Chevalier Paine fired 100 consecutive shots in the presence of the author, attempting to beat all previous records. The shooting was done at the Narragansett Gun Club grounds, at Providence, R.I. The revolver used was the Smith & Wesson Russian-model .44 calibre, with factory ammunition. The score was as follows:—

8 8 10 10 8 9 10 10 9 9 = 91
9 9 7 10 9 9 7 7 10 10 = 87
10 10 8 7 9 8 10 10 9 8 = 89
10 9 8 10 10 10 9 10 7 9 = 92
7 9 10 10 8 9 8 8 7 10 = 86
10 7 8 9 10 10 10 9 10 9 = 92
10 8 10 10 10 10 8 9 9 10 = 94
8 9 10 10 10 7 10 9 10 10 = 93
10 8 9 9 10 8 10 8 7 10 = 89
10 8 8 9 10 10 9 8 9 10 = 91
Total 904

This aggregate raised the record 16 points.

It was generally supposed, when Chevalier Ira Paine secured an aggregate of 904 points on the Standard American target at 50 yards with a Smith & Wesson .44-calibre revolver, that the 100-shot record would not be disturbed for some time. Mr. W. W. Bennett repeatedly stated that he would never attempt to break his brother’s record of 886 points, but would contest against the record of any other individual. When it was announced that Chevalier Paine had secured 904 points Mr. W. W. Bennett quietly announced his intention of surpassing this record, earnestly went to work, and, in the presence of reliable witnesses, rolled up the unprecedented record of 914 points,—10 points higher than had ever been previously secured, and twice during the shooting equalled the best 10-shot record of 96 points.

He shot at Walnut Hill range December 23, using a .44-calibre, single-action Smith & Wesson Russian-model army revolver, loaded with factory ammunition of Union Metallic Cartridge Co. make. The scores in detail are as follows:—

1 9 10 10 10 10 8 9 10 10 10 = 96
2 8 10 10 9 9 9 9 10 8 7 = 90
3 8 9 10 10 9 9 10 8 9 10 = 92
4 8 9 10 9 10 7 10 9 8 10 = 90
5 10 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 8 = 96
6 9 10 8 10 7 10 9 10 10 9 = 92
7 10 10 9 7 10 7 9 9 10 8 = 89
8 8 7 8 9 10 10 9 10 7 8 = 86
9 9 8 10 8 10 9 10 10 10 9 = 93
10 10 7 9 10 9 9 9 10 9 8 = 90
Total 914

It should here be recorded that Chevalier Paine on his first and second trial cleaned his revolver between every 10 shots. Mr. F. E. Bennett in all of his shooting cleaned only between each 10 shots. In the balance of Chevalier Paine’s shooting he insisted on cleaning his revolver between every 5 or 6 shots; and Mr. W. W. Bennett, after Chevalier Paine departed from the custom of cleaning between each 10 shots, run a brush through the inside of his barrel after every shot. There being no established rules for pistol and revolver shooting in regard to cleaning, the results were accepted as records of performances with revolvers. It is also believed that Chevalier Paine’s shooting, as well as Mr. W. W. Bennett’s, and a portion of Mr. F. E. Bennett’s shooting, was done with a trigger-pull of less than 3 pounds.

96 out of a possible 100, on Standard American target, at 50 yards, in 10 consecutive shots, with a Smith & Wesson .44-calibre Russian-model revolver, with Union Metallic Cartridge Co. ammunition, made at Walnut Hill, Mass., Dec. 23, 1887, by Mr. W. W. Bennett. Reduced one-quarter.

Six shots with a Smith & Wesson .38-calibre revolver, at 12 yards, made in Conlin’s Gallery, New York City, April 1, 1887, by Mr. D. D. Davis.

It will be found that within a period of two years the possibilities of the revolver have been proven to be considerably beyond what the manufacturers of the arms, the makers of the ammunition, and the experts using the weapons supposed were its capabilities.

The first 100-shot record was 791 points, the last 914 points, or an increase of 123 points.

Six shots with a .44-calibre revolver, at 12 yards, reduced charge, by Mr. George Bird, New York. Score, 71; possible, 72.

In order to carry the shooting at 50 yards from its commencement on the Standard American target to latest known record with no diversion, the author now finds it necessary to go back several months to chronicle an event worthy of note.

It has been stated that the first revolver competition on the Standard American target was shot at 25 yards, and it has been shown that the distance was too short for that target. When the programme of the 1886 annual meeting at Creedmoor was being arranged, it was proposed to use the 200-yard Standard American target at 30 yards, the author urged the gentlemen in charge of this tournament to use the 100-yard Rifle target at this distance, and by showing what had been accomplished on the 200-yard target, it convinced them that a 100-yard Rifle target with a 4-inch bull’s eye was better for revolver or pistol shooting at 30 yards; and that target and distance were selected for the revolver match at Creedmoor in 1887, and many of the rifle and pistol clubs throughout the country arranged similar matches. The first record established on the 30-yard pistol target was in a 5-shot reËntry match at the spring meeting of the Massachusetts Rifle Association, in June, 1887. The score of 43 out of a possible 50 was made by Mr. W. W. Bennett, and was the highest score made during the three-days’ tournament. It was the opinion of a majority of revolver-shooters at that time that this target at 30 yards was a difficult one to roll up a high score on, and that 40 for 5-shots and 80 for 10-shots was good shooting. At the annual meeting of the National Rifle Association at Creedmoor in September, 1887, the highest scores recorded at 30 yards were by Mr. J. T. B. Collins, who secured three aggregates of 44, and Mr. G. L. Garrigues, who also secured one score of 44, this being the highest aggregate secured in five shots at that time.

Position formerly adopted by Mr. F. E. Bennett.
(From a photograph taken while shooting.)

At the fall meeting of the Massachusetts Rifle Association Mr. F. E. Bennett won the first prize in the revolver competition, with the following scores:—

9 10 9 9 7 = 44
8 10 10 9 8 = 45
10 8 7 10 10 = 45
9 9 9 8 10 = 45
10 10 10 8 10 = 48

This made 48 the best 5-shot record.

The next event at this range was the recording of the following 10-shot score at Walnut Hill on Oct. 12, 1887, by Mr. F. E. Bennett:—

10 9 10 9 8 8 10 7 10 9 = 90

This being the best 10-shot record. This shooting was followed by Chevalier Ira Paine, who, in November, 1887, recorded the same aggregate at Walnut Hill.

A week later Mr. F. E. Bennett recorded in a regular match at Walnut Hill an aggregate of 91, which, at the time of closing this chapter, is the best known 10-shot record.

Score of 48 out of a possible 50, in 5 consecutive shots, on Standard American target, at 30 yards, made by Mr. F. E. Bennett, in a match at Walnut Hill, Mass., Oct. 6, with a Smith & Wesson Russian-model .44-calibre revolver, and factory ammunition, Union Metallic Cartridge Co. make. Reduced one-half.

Chevalier Ira A. Paine’s Position.
(From a photograph taken while shooting.)


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

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