Last year Mr. G. Flemwell gave us a very beautiful volume upon the Alpine Flora, and it has met with well-deserved success. But the author is not yet satisfied. He thinks to do better, and would now make known other pictures—those of Alpine fields, especially during the spring months.

Springtime in our Alps is certainly the most beautiful moment of the year, and the months of May and June, even to the middle of July, are the most brilliant of all. It is a season which, up to the present, we have rather considered as reserved for us Swiss, who do not much like that which is somewhat irreverently called l’industrie des Étrangers, and perhaps we shall not be altogether enchanted to find that the author À la mode is about to draw the veil from our secrets, open the lock-gates of our most sacred joys to the international flood, and sound the clarion to make known, urbe et orbi, the springtime glory of our fields. With this one little reservation to calm the egotistical anxiety which is in me (Mr. Flemwell, who is my colleague in the Swiss Alpine Club, knows too well our national character not to understand the spirit in which we make certain reservations with regard to this invasion of our mountains by the cosmopolitan crowd), I wish to thank the author, and to compliment him upon this fresh monument which he raises to the glory of our flowers.

He here presents them under a different aspect, and shows us the Alpine field, the meadow, the great green slope as they transform themselves in springtime. He sings of this rebirth with his poet-soul, and presents it in pictures which are so many hymns to the glory of the Creator. And he is justified in this, for nothing in the world is more marvellous than the re-flowering of Alpine fields in May and June. I have seen it in the little vallons of Fully and of Tourtemagne in Valais, in the fields of Anzeindaz and of Taveyannaz (Canton de Vaud), at the summit of the Gemmi and on the Oberalp in the Grisons; I have seen the flowering spring in the Bernese Oberland and on the Utli (Zurich), in the vallons of Savoie and in those of DauphinÉ; I have seen the metamorphosis of the Val de Bagnes and of the Bavarian plain, the transformation of the marvellous valleys of PiÉmont and of the elevated valley of Aosta. But I have never seen anything more beautiful or more solemn than spring in the Jura Mountains of Vaud and Neuchatel, with their fields of Anemone alpina and narcissiflora, when immense areas disappeared under a deep azure veil of Gentiana verna or of the darker Gentiana Clusii, and when the landscape is animated by myriads of Viola biflora or of Soldanella. In reading what Mr. Flemwell has written, my spirit floats further afield even than this—to the Val del Faene, which reposes near to the Bernina, and I see over again a picture that no painter, not even our author, could render: the snow, in retiring to the heights, gave place to a carpet of violet, blue, lilac, yellow, or bright pink, according as it was composed of either Soldanella pusilla, of long, narrow, pendent bells, which flowered in thousands and millions upon slopes still brown from the rigours of winter, or Gentiana verna, or Primula integrifolia, whose dense masses were covered with their lovely blossoms, or Gagea Liotardi, whose brilliant yellow stars shone on all sides in the sun, or Primula hirsuta. All these separate masses formed together a truly enchanting picture, which remained unadmired by strangers—since these had not yet arrived—and which I was happy and proud to salute under the sky of the Grisons.

Our author seems to have a predilection for the blue flower of Gentiana verna, and I thank him for all he says of my favourite. When, at the age of ten years, I saw it for the first time, carpeting the fields of the Jura in Vaud, my child’s soul was so enthusiastic over it that there were fears I should make myself ill. This impression, which dates from 1864, is still as fresh in my memory as if it were of yesterday. Blue, true blue, is so rare in Nature that Alphonse Karr could cite but five or six flowers that were really so: the Gentian, the Comellina, several Delphiniums, the Cornflower, and the Forget-me-not. The blue of the Gentian is certainly the most superb and velvety, especially that of Gentiana bavarica. A group of Gentiana verna, brachyphylla, and bavarica which I exhibited at the Temple Show in London in May 1910, and which was a very modest one, it having suffered during the long voyage from Floraire to London, was greatly admired, and did not cease to attract the regard of all flower-lovers. Blue is so scarce, every one said, that it is good to feast one’s eyes upon it when one meets with it!

The practical side of this volume resides in the information it offers to lovers of Alpine flowers in England. One readily believes that, in order to cultivate these mountain plants, big surroundings are necessary: a great collection of rocks, as in the giant Alpine garden of Friar Park. We have proved in our garden of Floraire—where the public is willingly admitted, and which flower-lovers are invited to visit—that mountain plants can be cultivated without rockwork, and that it is even important, if one wishes to give an artistic and natural aspect to the garden, not to be too prodigal of rock and stone. Much verdure is essential, it is necessary to have a frame for the picture, and that frame can only be obtained by creating the Alpine field. One day at Friar Park, Sir Frank Crisp, the creator of this beautiful alpinum, taking me aside and making me walk around with him, showed me a vast, empty field which stretched away to the north of the Matterhorn, and said: “It is here that I wish to establish a Swiss field to soften the too rocky aspect of the garden and to give it a fitting frame.” And since then I am unable to conceive that there was ever a time when the Alpine garden at Friar Park had not its setting of Alpine fields. There was no idea of making such a thing when the garden was begun; but once the rockwork was finished the rest imposed itself. One needs the flower-filled field, l’alpe en fÊte, by the side of the grey rocks.

This is why, in our horticultural establishment at Floraire, we make constant efforts to reproduce expanses of Narcissi, Columbines, Gentians, Daphnes, Primulas, etc., grouped in masses as we have seen them in nature, and as Mr. Flemwell gives them in his book.

Herein lies the great utility of this volume, and the reason why it will be consulted with pleasure by gardeners as well as by alpinists and lovers of nature generally.

Henry Correvon.

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