Signers of the Declaration / Historic Places Commemorating the Signing of the Declaration of Independence

Index

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Articles of Association (1774), 267

Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union: debated, drafted, adopted, and signed, 29, 36, 39, 59, 71, 76, 81, 84, 90, 91, 93–94, 100, 106, 110, 117, 129, 131, 136, 145, 149, 151, 218;

document exhibited, 267;

signers of Declaration who also signed, 29, 36, 39, 59, 76, 90, 93–94, 100, 106, 117, 129, 149.

See also Continental Congress.

Ashley River, 103, 237

Assemblies, colonial, provincial, and State: role of, in independence movement, see Independence movement and British-colonial clash;

signers serve in, see specific signers.

See also individual colonies/States.

Assembly Room (Independence Hall, Pa.), 219–221

Athens, Ga., 142

Attorneys and attorneys-general, see Legal practice, legal education, and jurisprudence

Augusta, Ga., 67, 141, 142, 161, 173, 175, 176

Augusta (Ga.) Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution, 176

Authors, see Books, pamphlets, essays, and tracts;

Literature and literary figures;

and particular authors

Autobiography, of Benjamin Franklin, 58

Bachelor signers, 29, 73, 120

Back River, 154

Baltimore, Md., Buckland, William, architect, 181–182

Bucks County, Pa., 137, 138

Builders, buildings, and building materials, see specific builder-architects, buildings, and residences

Burgesses, House of, see Virginia House of Burgesses

Burgoyne, Gen. John, British officer, 40, 143, 153

Burial places and burial grounds, see Cemeteries and burial places

Burke County, Ga., 67

Burlington, Mass., 199

Burlington and Burlington County, N.J., 148

Business and businessmen, see Commerce, trade, and manufacturing

Butterfield, Gen. Daniel, and “Taps,” 240

Byberry (“The Homestead”), Pa., 124

Byfield (plantation), Del., 120, 121

Cadwalader House, Pa., 228

Calvinists and Calvinism, 116, 149.

See also Christianity and religion;

Presbyterians and Presbyterian Church.

Cambridge, Mass., 9, 60, 68, 196, 197

Cambridge University (England), 99, 103, 111

Canada, 44, 46, 173

Canals, 44

Cape Fear region of N.C., 77

Capital cities: national, see United States Capitals;

State, see particular cities

Capital punishment, 50, 126

Capitol (U.S.), see United States Capitol

Carlisle, Pa., 146

Carolinas, 115.

See also North Carolina;

South Carolina.

Caroline County, Va., 117

Carpenters, 114, 201, 217, 221

Carpenters’ Company of Philadelphia, 217, 221

Carpenters’ Hall, Pa., 8, 217, 221, Merchant marine and maritime affairs;

Taxes and taxation.

Commissions and commissioners, see individual commissions, governmental bodies, and topics

Committee of fifty-one, 95, 98

Committee of one hundred, 98

Committee of sixty, 95, 98

Committees, see particular agencies, governmental bodies, topics, and entries immediately preceding and following

Committees of correspondence, 7–8, 37–38, 40, 44, 45, 59, 70, 72, 73, 78, 81, 93, 106, 113, 130, 136, 138, 146, 150

Committees of safety, 9, 10, 40, 42, 44, 45, 47, 49, 54, 60, 68, 72, 76, 103, 106, 114, 122, 131, 138, 139, 140, 141, 143, 145

Common Ground Cemetery, R.I., 52

Common schools, see Education

Common Sense (pamphlet), 11, 12, 15, 124

Community affairs and politics, role of signers in, see specific signers

Companies, see Commerce, trade, and manufacturing

Composers, musical, see Music and musicians

Concord and Battle of Concord, Mass., 8, 9, 10, 12, 38, 42, 131, 141, 143, 151;

gathering place for members of, 222;

key days in, 18;

meetingplaces of, front endpaper, 8, 14, 50, 217, 219–221, 224, 263;

memorialized, 221;

officials of, 22, 24, 39, 52, 67, 69, 84, 92, 94, 101, 117, 136, 207, 262–263, 267;

organization and committees/commissions of, 8, 15, 16, 34, 40, 44, 49–50, 52, 54, 71, 74, 81, 84, 91, 95, 98, 105, 110, 115, 131, 138, 141, 143, 147, 151;

profiteering in, 31, 46, 106–107;

prominent men not Delegates to, 27;

regulates commerce, 49, 52, 95;

representation and voting procedures in, 8, 15, 18, 24, 27, 39, 66 (and see individual colonies/States);

sectional rivalries in, 74;

temper and range of political opinion in, 8–9, 14–15, 16, 117

Duke of Leinster, 172

Dunmore, Lord John M., British official, 42, 111

Durham Furnace, Pa., 137, 138

Dutch, see Holland

Duties, see Customs laws, collection, and officials

East Cemetery, Conn., 153

East River, 97

East Windsor, Conn., 153

Eastern Shore, see Maryland

Easton, Pa., 137, 138, 230

Easton Cemetery, Pa., 138

Economic matters, see mainly Banks and banking;

Commerce, trade, and manufacturing

Economic status of signers, see Wealth and financial status of signers

Edenton, N.C., 73, 78, 148

Edge, Gov. (N.J.) and Mrs. Walter E., and Morven, 208

Edinburgh, Scotland, 134, 149

Education, and Jefferson, 85, 86;

and Lowell, 195–196;

classical, 39, 45, 154;

in chemistry, 123, 124;

in various colonies/States, 84, 102, 229, 245, 252, 255;

legal, see Legal practice, legal education, and jurisprudence;

medical, see Doctors, medical education, medical practice, and hospitals;

of signers, compared, 27, 28, 30 (and see specific signers);

reform of, 126;

religious, in public schools, 126 (and see Christianity and religion);

signers further as teachers, professors, and administrators, 33, 56, 65, 67, 80, 85, 115, 142, 154–156.

See also Colleges and universities.

Elections and elective officials, see particular legislative bodies, offices, individuals, and colonies/States

54, 160, 161, 206, 224

Heyward, Daniel, father of signer, 233

Heyward, Mrs. Thomas, Jr., first wife of signer, 76

Heyward, Mrs. Thomas, Jr., second wife of signer, 76

Heyward, Thomas, Jr. (signer), career of and sites associated with, 31, 75–76, 99, 104, 127, 128, 233–234

Heyward family, 76, 234

Heyward-Washington House, S.C., 233–234

Higher education, see Colleges and universities

Hills, The (estate), Pa., 108

Hillsborough, N.C., 79, 214

Historians and historiography, 33, 194.

See also entries immediately following.

Historic Annapolis, Inc., 189

Historic Districts, see National Historic Landmarks

Historic foundations, and historic sites, 160

Historic Places, National Register of, see National Register of Historic Places

Historic preservation activities and problems, 159–162.

See also entries immediately preceding and following.

Historic sites and buildings of national significance, see National Historic Landmarks

Historical societies, State and local: and historic preservation, 160

Historiography, see Historians and historiography

Hoban, James, architect, 171, 172

Holland (Dutch Republic; Netherlands), 35, 96, 211

Homes of signers, see Residences of signers

“Homestead” (The), Pa., see Byberry

“Honeymoon Cottage,” Va., 244, 245

Hooper, Mrs. William, wife of signer, 77

Hooper, Rev. William, father of signer, 77

Hooper, William (signer) (“Prophet of Independence”), career of and sites associated with, 31, 77–79, 116, 117, 161, 214–216

Hopewell, N.J., 72

Hopkins, Alden, descendant of signer, 232

Hop blic@vhost@g@html@files@55838@55838-h@55838-h-10.htm.html#Page_51" class="pginternal">51, 84, 89, 98, 105, 115, 122, 131, 138, 141, 147, 152–153, 177

Indigo, 66

Indigo Society School, S.C., 99

Individuals, and historic preservation, 160 (and see particular sites);

rights of, see Rights

Inflation, 147

Insane and insanity, 126

Intellectuals and intellectual life, 43, 55, 85, 145, 194, 228

Intercolonial affairs, see Colonies

Interstate disputes, see under States

Inventors and invention, 55, 85

Ionic architectural style, 182, 184, 197, 244

Iredell, James, U.S. Supreme Court Justice, 78, 148, 213

Iredell, Mrs. James, and certain signers, 79, 214

Iredell House, N.C., 213–214

Irish, Ireland, and Scotch-Irish, 43, 101, 118, 127, 132, 137, 139, 146, 171, 172, 204

Iron and iron manufacturing, 31, 132, 137, 226

Iroquois (Six Indian Nations) Indians, 138, 153

Italy and Italians, 88, 113, 183, 243

Jacob Graff, Jr., House, Pa., see Graff, Jacob, Jr., House

Jails, see Prisons, prisoners, and prisoners-of-war

James Riv 55838-h-50.htm.html#Page_138" class="pginternal">138, 142, 175, 195;

legally defended, 147;

punishment of, recommended, 103, 143;

ridiculed, 82

Ludowici tile, 177

Lutwyche’s Ferry, N.H., 140

Lynch, Mrs. Thomas, Jr., wife of signer, 99, 100

Lynch, Thomas, Sr., father of signer, 99, 100, 128

Lynch, Thomas, Jr. (signer), career of and sites associated with, 99–100, 127, 234–236

Lynchburg, Va., 89

Maclean House, N.J., see President’s House

McClellan, Gen. George B., Union officer, 239–240

McIntosh, Gen. Lachlan, and signer Gwinnett, 63, 64

McKean, Mrs. Thomas, first wife of signer, 101

McKean, Mrs. Thomas, second wife of signer, 101

McKean, Thomas (signer), career of and sites associated with, 18, 24, 100–102, 119, 120, 121, 160, 222

Madison, James, President, 61, 85, 89, 267

Magistrates, see Legal practice, legal education, and jurisprudence

Mail service, 56, 57, 264

Maine (region and State), history of and historic site in, 139, 143, 177–178.

See also Massachusetts.

Malvern Hill, Va., Battle of, 239

Manhattan, see New York City and New York Harbor

Manor houses, 185–186, 230

“Manor of Chawton,” 230

Manufacturing, see Commerce, trade, and manufacturing

Marblehead, Mass., 59, 196

Marine and maritime matters, see Continental Navy;

Merchant marine and maritime affairs;

103, 104, 105, 110–112, 114, 120–121, 122, 124, 127, 128, 132, 133, 138, 139, 140–141, 142–143, 145, 152–153

Mills, 72, 253

Ministers, diplomatic, see Diplomats and diplomacy;

religious, see Christianity and religion

Mint, U.S., see United States Mint

Mission of Santa Catalina, Ga., 177

Moderates, political, 8, 16, 42, 69, 98, 110, 119, 127, 128, 138, 147

Moffatt, Catherine, marries signer, 202

Moffatt, John, father-in-law of signer, 201–202

Moffatt, Samuel, merchant-shipowner, 201

Moffatt family, 201–202

Moffatt-Ladd House, N.H., 201–202

Mohawk River, 54

Monarchs and monarchy, see Kings

Monetary theory and money, see Currency and money

Monmouth County, N.J., 134

Monocacy River, 180

Monroe, James, President, 85, 154, 155, 173, 263

Monticello (“Little Mountain”) (estate), Va., 86, 88, 90, 243–245, 250

Montreal, Canada, 46

Monuments to signers, see Memorials and monuments to signers

Moore, Thomas, Irish poet, 204

Morality, in Scotland, 149

Morris, Gouverneur, and Mrs. Robert Morris, 31, 115–116, 160

Paine, Robert Treat, son of signer, 115

Paine, Robert Treat, great-grandson of signer, 115

Paine, Thomas, author-patriot, 12, 15, 107, 124, 204

Painters and painting, see Art and artists

Paisley (town), Scotland, 149, 150

Palladian architectural style, 172, 182, 183, 234, 246, 247

Pamphlets, see Books, pamphlets, essays, and tracts

Pamunkey River, 41, 240

Parchment copy of Declaration, see under Declaration of Independence

Parents of signers, see specific signers

Paris, France, 43, 88, 124.

See also Treaty of Paris

Parishes, political, see Counties and parishes;

religious, see Christianity and religion

Parliament, British: and Colonies, see under Independence movement and British-colonial clash

Parsons, William, and Parsons-Taylor House, 226

Parsons-Taylor House, Pa., 226–227

Parties, political, see particular political parties and individuals

Patent Office, D.C., 264

Patowmack (Potowmack) Company, 44

Patriotic-civic organizations, and historic sites, 160

Patriots and patriotic movement, see Independence movement and British-colonial clash

Peace negotiations and treaties, see Diplomats and diplomacy;

Indians and Indian affairs;

and specific treaties

“Peacefield,” Mass., see Adams National Historic Site

Peach Tree Plantation, S.C., 99, 100

Peale, Charles Willson, artist, 218

Peggy Stewart (ship), 189–190

Peggy Stewart House (Rutland-Peggy Stewart House; Rutland-Stewart-Stone House), Md., 189–191

Pemberton House (Army-Navy Museum), Pa., 224, 226

Penal matters, see Prisons, prisoners, and prisoners-of-war

Pendleton, Edmund, lawyer-patriot, 88, 48

Presbyterian Cemetery, N.Y., 54

Presbyterian Church, N.C., 216

Presbyterians and Presbyterian Church, 48, 54, 56, 149–151, 216.

See also Calvinists and Calvinism;

Christianity and religion.

Presidential electors, see under United States Presidents and Presidency

Presidents, of Continental Congress, see under Continental Congress;

U.S., see United States Presidents and Presidency

“President’s House,” D.C., see White House

President’s House (Dean’s House; Maclean House) (Princeton University), N.J., 150, 151, 208–209

President’s Lot, Princeton (N.J.) Cemetery, 151

“President’s Palace,” D.C., see White House

Press, see Newspapers

Primogeniture, 120, 135

Prince George County, Va., 154

Prince George’s Parish, S.C., 99

Princess Anne (town), Md., 45

Princeton Alumni Council, 208

Princeton and Battle of Princeton, N.J., 23–24, 72, 73, 134, 135, 207, 263.

See also Princeton University.

Princeton Cemetery, N.J., 151

Princeton University (College of New Jersey), 84, 124, 134, 149, 150–151, 208–209

Printing and publishing industry, 55.

See also Books, pamphlets, essays, and tracts;

Newspapers.

Printing of Declaration, see under Declaration of Independence

Prisons, prisoners, and prisoners-of-war, 31, 48, 50, 75, 76, 94, 103, 107, 108, 228

Shippen, Dr. William, Jr., brother-in-law of signers, 125, 228

Shippen-Wistar House, Pa., 228

Shippensburg, Pa., 132

Ships, shippers, and shipping, see Continental Navy;

Merchant marine and maritime affairs;

United States Navy;

and various nations

Sickness of signers, see Disease, sickness, and physical afflictions of signers

Signers of the Constitution (U.S.), see United States Constitution

Signers of the Declaration: age of, at time of signing and death, compared, see Age of signers;

biographical analysis and comparison of, collective, 27–32;

biographical sketches of, individual, 33–156;

books on, 268–269;

early (formal signing), 23, 67, 217, 262;

furniture and items associated with, collectively, 219, 221;

honored and commemorated, ii, 159–160, 224;

interest in, increases, 160;

largest number of, from one State, 30;

late, 23, 24, 60, 93, 100, 139, 140, 153, 155, 217, 262;

nationally famous, 34;

one of, prominent in affairs of two States, see McKean, Thomas;

one of, votes against independence, 27, 118, 121;

painted, ii, 218, and see individual portraits, 33–156 passim;

prominent patriots who were not, 27, 28, 29;

reflect regional and colonial attitudes, 30;

remarks of, on signing, 52, 58, 79;

replace opponents of independence, 27, 47, 72;

residences and sites associated with, collective, status of, 31, 159–163, 216 (and see particular residences and sites);

subsequent careers of, 29, 31 (and see individual signers);

traditions regarding, State Department, see United States Department of State

State House for the Province of Pennsylvania, see Independence Hall

Staten Island, N.Y., 98, 128. See also New York City and New York Harbor.

States (U.S.), and historic preservation, 160;

and National Register of Historic Places, 162;

economic and financial problems of, 107–108;

governmental bodies and other agencies of, see individual colonies/States;

honor and maintain homes of signers, 160, 161;

land disputes among, 119, 133, 143, 153;

large and small, and U.S. Constitution, 131;

militia of, see Militia;

receive taxes, 117;

rights of, see States’ rights;

role of, in Revolution, see particular States and appropriate topics;

seals of, 155;

signer prominent in affairs of two, see McKean, Thomas;

signers non-natives of those they signed for, 30, 39, 55, 62, 65, 72–73, 77, 82, 95, 101, 106, 116, 118, 122, 129, 132, 137, 139, 140, 143, 145, 149;

signers’ role in affairs of, see specific States and signers.

See also Continental Congress;

and individual States.

States’ rights, 123

Statues of signers, 161

Stewart, Anthony, merchant, 189

Stewart (Peggy) House, Md., see Peggy Stewart House

Stockton, Julia, wife of one signer and daughter of another, 124

Stockton, Mrs. Richard, wife of signer, 134

Stockton, Richard, grandfather of signer, 207

Stockton, Richard (signer), career of and sites associated with, 31, 33, 124, 133–135, 207–208

Stockton family, 48, 61, 94, 108, 118, 119, 131, 136, 142, 145–148;

compromise at, 118, 131;

leader in, 228;

membership, deliberations, and actions of, 29, 49, 50, 55, 58, 61, 131, 145–148, 154, 156, 217, 218, 222, 267;

room held in, 218–221.

See also United States Constitution.

United States courts, see United States Judiciary

United States Declaration of Independence, see Declaration of Independence

United States Department of State, 33, 85, 88, 194, 228, 263–264

United States Department of the Interior, and historic preservation, 161.

See also National parks, National Park Service, and National Park System.

United States Department of War, 263, 264

United States General Services Administration, 265

United States Government, and Declaration, 264;

and historic sites and buildings, 195, 212, 226;

buildings of, 173;

capitals of, see United States Capitals;

first official document of, see Declaration of Independence;

formation of, exhibit on, 267;

Jefferson sells library to, 90;

permanent records of, 265, 267;

role of signers in, 29, 60 (and see specific signers).

See also Colonies;

Continental Congress;

entries immediately preceding and following;

and appropriate topics throughout this index.

United States House of Representatives, 48, 173–176

Walton, George, Jr., son of signer, 175

Walton, Mrs. George, wife of signer, 141

Walton descendants, 175

Walton-Harper House, Ga., see College Hill

Wamassee Head, Ga., 177

War for Independence (U.S.), and Declaration of Independence, 3, 23–24, 217;

and Loyalists, see Loyalists and Tories;