Bombers' Training, and Application of Same in Trench Warfare

EXAMINATION PAPERS.

Lecture I.

1. What care should be taken in handling explosives?
2. What should oily stains on dynamite indicate?
3. What should be done with cases showing oily stains?
4. What two methods should be employed in thawing dynamite?
5. Name a few causes of accidents in handling dynamite.
6. Name a few causes of accidents in handling detonators.
7. What care should be taken in shipping explosives by wagons? By rail?
8. What are the principal features to be considered in the construction of a magazine?
9. Is it wise to store explosives in tunnels or caves?
10. How may a magazine be made bullet proof?
11. What precautions should be taken with men working in or about magazines?

Lecture II.

12. Name the explosives used in the service.
13. In what shape is gun-cotton put up for service use?
14. What are the characteristics of gun-cotton?
15. How is wet gun-cotton detonated?
16. To what use is dry gun-cotton put?
17. Is gun-cotton generally considered a safe explosive?
18. What uses are made of gun-cotton?
19. Explain how you would prepare a gun-cotton charge.
20. What is a detonator?
21. What kind of explosive is used in service detonator?
22. What kinds of fuses are used in the service?
23. At what rate do service fuses burn per second?
24. At what rate do instantaneous fuses burn per second?
25. What use is made of picric acid? T. N. T.? Nitro-Glycerine?
26. Is picric acid a safe explosive?

Ans. No.

27. And why?

Lecture III.

28. Explain the working of a .303 short rifle grenade.
29. How are they packed ready for shipping?
30. How are they prepared for firing?
31. How are they carried?
32. What arrangements are to be used with the rifle for giving the necessary elevation?
33. What kind of ammunition is used with them?
34. Explain the working of a hand grenade No. 5, Mark 1.
35. What explosive is used in No. 5, Mark 1?
36. How far may it be thrown?
37. What is meant by cane and streamer type of grenade?
38. Explain the working of hand grenade No. 1, Mark 1.
39. Why do we use dummy bombs?
40. Why do we put explosives in dummy bombs?
41. Explain the manufacture of the jam-tin dummy?
42. Explain the manufacture of jam-tin bomb?
43. Explain the manufacture of the powder-puff.
44. Explain the manufacture of the hair-brush bomb?
45. What explosive is used in the hair-brush bomb?
46. Describe the impact or percussion type of grenade?
47. How is the dummy type made which represents the impact and percussion type?
48. Up to what weight may dummies be made?
49. How far may a 2-pound bomb be thrown?
50. How far may a 1-pound bomb be thrown?
51. Explain the correct throwing position for trench work?
52. When may a man be said to be trained in throwing from a trench?
53. What are the defensive uses of bombs and grenades?
54. What are the offensive uses of bombs and grenades?

Lecture IV.

55. What is a saphead?
56. Explain some of the different types of sapheads used.
57. What advantage has it over a “T” shaped saphead?
58. What is meant by an island saphead?
59. Name the digging and cutting tools?
60. What materials are used in trench warfare?
61. How are sandbags filled? Tied? Passed? Built?
62. What are the uses made of sandbags?
63. What is meant by “bond” in use in sandbags?
64. To what uses are the following materials put in trench warfare: Earth? Sods? Timber? Brush? Barb Wire? Bale Wire?
65. How are sods built to obtain the best results?
66. What is a revetment? Traverse? Bay? Parapet? Parados? Obstacle?
67. What are obstacles used for?
68. How many men usually constitute a sentry and relief per bay in a trench?
69. What arrangements are made for sleep and rest of reliefs?
70. Why are relief pits put in rear of trench?
71. Why are they made shallow?
72. What style of a trench is best suited to bomb warfare?
73. What precautions may be taken to prevent enemy’s bombs getting into our trench?
74. What are the disadvantages of having relief pit under the parapet?
75. What are the disadvantages of having a deep trench?
76. What provisions should be made so that our men could advance from the trench at the same instant?
77. What is a “dead man”? “Funk Hole”?

Lecture V.

78. Who are usually the first men of the Infantry to advance in a frontal attack?
79. How are they armed? What tools do they carry? What are their duties?
80. When the first line advances what do the wire cutters do?
81. What part do the bombers take on a frontal attack?
82. Who is responsible that there is a supply of bombs in the trench?
83. How are bombs stored in the trenches?
84. Where is the reserve supply of bombs stored?
85. What general arrangements are made preparatory to frontal attack?
86. What arms of the service may take part in a frontal attack?
87. What extent of frontage is usually planned to be occupied in a frontal attack?

Ans. Only the extent of frontage that is absolutely necessary.

88. Why?

Ans. The odds are against the attacking forces.

Lecture VI.

89. What is necessary to be done on occupying a portion of the enemy’s trench?
90. What is meant by consolidating ground gained?
91. How is our position protected while work of reconstruction and repair is going on?
92. How will communication be established in the occupied portion of the enemy’s trench?
93. What is meant by double-blocking? When is it done? How protected?
94. What precautions may be taken to provide comfort for the men in the trenches?
95. What are the principal advantages of bomb fire, or rifle and machine gun fire?
96. Generally, what work will the sappers and diggers do on occupying the enemy’s trench?
97. How are the enemy’s communication trenches used to our advantage?

Lecture VII.

98. What is an enfilading party?
99. How many men may constitute an enfilading party?
100. When party consists of three, what are they called?
101. What are the duties of a trench scout?
102. Name some of the most important things he should look out for?
103. What qualifications should he possess?
104. How is he armed?
105. How does he pass information to the thrower regarding location of targets?
106. What are the duties of the thrower?
107. What are the duties of the carrier?
108. In the absence of an officer or non-commissioned officer, who commands the enfilading party?
109. How are the artillery advised of the extending of our frontage when enfilading?
110. What precautions should be taken as we gain ground in enfilade work?
111. What men follow up and keep in touch with enfilade party? What are their duties?
112. What are the advantages of gaining ground by enfilade bomb attacks over that of frontal attacks?

Ans. (a) We have a minimum of exposure to the enemy’s rifle or machine gun fire.

(b) Enfilade attacks provide the means by which we use the enemy’s trench as our fortification against him.
(c) As we advance the ground occupied is consolidated to our use so that at no time do we have an extent of frontage in an unprepared position.
(d) The disorganization immediately following an extensive frontal attack gives the enemy a chance to launch a counter-attack.

TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE:

Obvious typographical errors have been corrected.

Inconsistencies in hyphenation have been standardized.

Incorrect page references in the Preface have been corrected.

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