[References are to pages; f. signifies “and following page”; ff. signifies “and following pages.”]

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

• A for on (a-fishing), 147, 149.
• A or an, 77 ff.;
  • distributive, 79.
• About, with infinitive, 105, 135.
• Absolute construction, 144. See Nominative.
• Absolute use of transitive verbs, 92.
• Abstract nouns, 29 f.
• Accusative, 52.
• Action, nouns in -ing, 145 ff.
• Active voice, 107 ff. See Passive.
• Adjective, 5, 75 ff.;
  • descriptive and definitive, 5, 75 f.;
  • proper, 75;
  • compound, 75;
  • pronominal, 76 (cf. 62 ff.);
  • attributive, appositive, predicate, 76 f.;
  • articles, 77 ff;
  • comparison, 79 ff., 88 f.;
  • numerals, 89 f.;
  • noun as adjective, adjective as noun, 9, 78;
  • participle as, 143;
  • adjective in exclamations, 155 f.;
  • as modifier of subject, 192 f.
  • See Adjective pronoun, Predicate adjective.
• Adjective clauses, 20, 66, 86, 157 f.;
  • place or time, 163 f.;
  • as modifiers of subject, 192 f.;
  • of complement, 206.
• Adjective phrases, 16, 157;
  • comparison of, 89;
  • as modifiers of subject, 192 f.;
  • as complements, 204;
  • as modifiers of modifiers, 207.
• Adjective pronouns, 62 ff.;
  • demonstrative, 62 ff.;
  • indefinite, 64 f.
• Adverb, defined, 7;
  • classification, forms, and use, 83 ff.;
  • relative or conjunctive, 86;
  • interrogative, 86;
  • comparison, 87 ff.;
  • numeral, 89 f.;
  • in exclamations, 155 f.;
  • as modifier, 196 f., 206, 208.
• Adverbial clauses, 20 f., 86, 158 f.;
  • place or time, 163 f.;
  • causal, 164;
  • concessive, 164 f.;
  • purpose or result, 166 f.;
  • conditional, 167 ff.;
  • comparison, degree, manner, 173;
  • indirect question, 180;
  • as modifiers of predicate, 196 f.;
  • of complement, 206;
  • of modifiers, 207 f.
• Adverbial objective, 53;
  • clause as, 158 f.;
  • as modifier, 198.
• Adverbial phrases, 16, 53, 142, 158;
  • numeral, 90;
  • as modifiers of predicate, 196 f., 198 ff.;
  • of complement, 206;
  • of modifiers, 207 f.
• Advising, verbs of, with infinitive clause, 138.
• Affirmative, 85.
• A-fishing, etc., 147, 149.
• After, preposition, 148;
  • relative adverb, 86, 157, 164.
• Agreement, of predicate nominative with subject, 41, 57 f.;
  • of appositive, 42, 47, 53, 57;
  • of pronoun with antecedent, 55, 65;
  • of relative with antecedent, 68, 102;
  • of verb with subject, 97, 100 ff.
• All, 65.
• Alternative conditions, 168;
  • questions, 179.
• Although. See Though.
• Analysis, 183 ff.;
  • structure of sentences, 183 ff.;
  • analysis, with models, 188 ff.;
  • simple sentences, 188;
  • compound, 188 f.;
  • complex, 189 f.;
  • compound complex, 190;
  • modifiers, 191 ff.;
  • complements, 200 ff.;
  • modifiers of complements and of modifiers, 205 ff.;
  • independent elements, 209;
  • combinations of clauses, 210 ff.;
  • elliptical sentences, 224 ff.
  • See further under these several heads.
• Anglo-Saxon, xv, 316 f.
• Animals, names of, gender, 32;
  • pronouns, 69.
• Another, 64 f.
• Antecedent of pronoun, 4;
  • agreement, 55, 65, 68, 102;
  • unexpressed, 71 ff.;
  • what, 71;
  • compound relatives, 72 f.
• Any, anything, 64 f.
• Apodosis, 168.
• Apostrophe, 43 ff., 56, 311.
• Appear, with predicate nominative or adjective, 6 f., 76, 93.
• Apposition, 42. See Appositive.
• Appositive, case of, 42, 47, 53, 57;
  • with possessive, 47;
  • infinitive as, 134 f.;
  • clause as, 159 ff., 167, 174, 180, 196;
  • appositive as modifier, 195 f., 207.
• Appositive adjective, 76.
• Appositive phrase, 195.
• Archaisms, xvii. See Old.
• Articles, 77 ff.;
  • generic, 77;
  • repeated, 78;
  • with verbal noun, 147.
• As, relative pronoun, 67;
  • relative adverb, 86, 153;
  • conjunction, 153;
  • in concession, 165;
  • in clauses of degree, 173.
• As if, as though, 122, 153, 173;
  • as to, with infinitive, 167.
• Asking, verb of, two objects, 50;
  • retained object, 112;
  • with indirect question, 179 ff. (cf. 160).
• Assertion, 2, 5, 13.
• Attribute. See Predicate adjective, Predicate objective.
• Attributive adjective, 76.
• Aught, naught, 65.
• Authorship, 43.
• Auxiliary verbs, 6, 91;
  • in future, 102 ff.;
  • in compound tenses, 106;
  • in passive, 108 ff.;
  • in progressive form, 113 f.;
  • in emphatic form, 114;
  • replacing subjunctive, 123;
  • in potential verb-phrases, 124 ff.

• Be, 6 f., 93;
  • conjugation, 99, 118 f., 300 f.;
  • auxiliary of passive, 108 ff.;
  • of progressive form, 113;
  • ellipsis of, 114, 144, 164 f., 169, 224 f.;
  • predicate pronoun after, 139.
  • See Predicate nominative.
• Become, with predicate nominative or adjective, 6 f., 76, 93.
• Before, preposition, 148;
  • relative adverb, 86, 157, 163 f.;
  • with subjunctive, 122;
  • with should, 130.
• Believing, verbs of, with infinitive clause, 138.
• Biblical style. See Solemn.
• Bid, with infinitive, 138.
• Both, pronoun, 64.
• Both ... and, 15, 153.
• But, adverb, 135.
• But, coÖrdinate conjunction, 152;
  • subordinate, 153 f.;
  • elliptical constructions, 154.
• But, preposition, 148;
  • with infinitive, 135.

• Calling, verbs of, two objects, 50;
  • predicate nominative after passive, 111.
• Can, could, 124 ff., 299.
• Capital letters, 27 ff., 75;
  • rules, 305.
• Cardinal numerals, 89 f.
• Case, 40 ff.;
  • nominative, 40 ff.;
  • possessive, 43 ff.;
  • objective, 47 ff.;
  • of appositives, 42, 47, 53, 57.
  • See Pronouns.
• Cause, clauses of, 164;
  • nominative absolute, 144.
• Chaucer, xv, 43, 49, 85, 317 f.
• Choosing, verbs of, two objects, 50;
  • predicate nominative after passive, 111.
• Clauses, independent and subordinate, 16 ff.;
  • as parts of speech, 19 ff., 157 ff.;
  • infinitive, 137 ff.;
  • simple, compound, complex, 210 ff.;
  • combination of, 210 ff.
  • See Adjective, Adverbial, Noun, Infinitive clause.
• Clauses, subordinate, classified according to meaning, 163 ff.;
  • place and time, 163 f.;
  • cause, 164;
  • concession, 164 f.;
  • purpose and result, 166 f.;
  • conditional, 167 ff.;
  • comparison and manner, 173;
  • indirect discourse, 63;
  • of relatives, 67;
  • of compound relatives, 72;
  • of interrogatives, 73.
• Defective verbs, 299.
• Definite article, 77 ff.
• Definitive adjectives, 5, 75 f.
• Degree, adverbs of, 84;
  • clauses of, 173.
  • See Comparison.
• Deity, words for the, 305.
• Demonstrative pronouns and adjectives, 62 ff.
• Dependent. See Subordinate.
• Descriptive adjectives, 4, 75;
  • relatives, 70 f.
• Desiring, verbs of, with infinitive, 137;
  • with noun clause, 160, 167.
• Did. See Do.
• Direct address, nominative in, 42;
  • independent element, 209.
• Direct discourse, 174 ff.
• Direct object. See Object.
• Direct quotations, 173 f.;
  • questions, 179.
• Do, did, in questions, 114;
  • in emphatic verb-phrases, 114;
  • in imperative, 117;
  • as substitute for some other verb, 114.
• Double comparison, 88;
  • conditions, 168.
• Doubting, verb of, with indirect question, 179 (cf. 160).

• Each, each other, 64 f.
• Editorial we, 57.
• Either, 64;
  • either ... or, 15, 153.
• Elder, eldest, 81.
• Elements. See Subject, Predicate, Modifiers, Complements, Independent.
• Ellipsis, understood words, etc., 3, 47, 58, 63, 69, 71, 114, 117, 19 f., 121 f., 133, 144, 149, 153 f., 155, 160, 164 f., 169, 107;
  • ellipsis, 225.
• Must, auxiliary, 124 ff., 299.
• My, mine, 59.

• Naming, verbs of, two objects, 50;
  • predicate nominative after passive, 111.
• Naught, not, 65.
• Near, with objective, 52.
• Negative, neither, 64, 152;
  • none, 64;
  • not, 65;
  • no, 85;
  • statements and questions, 114;
  • commands, 117;
  • purpose or result, 166 f.;
  • condition, 168.
• Neither, pronoun, 64;
  • conjunction, with nor, 15, 152 ff.;
  • number with, 100.
• Neuter. See Gender.
• Next, 52, 82, 87.
• Nigh, next, 82.
• No, yes, 85.
• Nominative case, 41 f.;
  • subject, 41;
  • predicate, 41;
  • direct address (vocative), 42;
  • in exclamation, 42;
  • absolute, 144, 198 f.
• Non-committal conditions, 170 f.
• None, 64.
• Nor, neither ... nor, number with, 100.
• Not, 65.
• Notwithstanding, preposition or conjunction, 152, 154.
• Noun, defined, 4;
  • classification, 27 ff.;
  • common and proper, 27 ff.;
  • abstract and collective, 29 f.;
  • compound, 30, 36, 47, 146 f.;
  • inflection, 30 ff.;
  • gender, 31 ff.;
  • number, 34 ff.;
  • person, 39;
  • case, 40 ff.;
  • numeral, 89 f.;
  • verbal (participial), 145 ff.
  • See Infinitive.
• Noun clauses, 20, 159 ff.;
  • construction, as subject, object, etc., 159 ff.;
  • purpose and result, 166 f.;
  • indirect discourse, 174 ff.;
  • indirect questions, 180 ff.;
  • analysis, 106, 109;
    • subjunctive, 121 f., 171;
    • progressive, 125;
    • in conditions, 121, 170 f.;
    • in indirect discourse, 175.
  • Past tense, 94 ff.;
    • personal endings, 97 ff.;
    • passive, 108;
    • progressive, 113 f.;
    • emphatic, 114;
    • subjunctive, 118, 121 ff., 171 f.;
    • indicative and subjunctive in conditions, 170 ff.;
    • in indirect discourse, 175.
  • Pending, 142, 149.
  • Per, per cent, etc., 79, 149.
  • Perceiving, verbs of, with infinitive clause, 138;
    • indirect discourse, 174;
    • indirect question, 179.
  • Perfect infinitive, 107, 133;
    • with ought, 126;
    • participle, 107, 140 f.
  • Perfect (or present perfect) tense, 106.
  • Period, 306.
  • Permission, 125 f., 129.
  • Person of substantives, 39;
    • of pronouns, 55 ff.;
    • of relatives, 68;
    • of verbs, 97 ff., 100 ff.
  • Personal construction, 176.
  • Personal endings, 97 f.
  • Personal pronouns, 55 ff.;
    • inflection, 55 ff.;
    • gender and number, 56 f.;
    • case, 57 ff.;
    • self-pronouns, 60 ff.;
    • as predicate nominative, 41.
  • Personification, 28 f., 32.
  • Phrases, 16;
    • kinds of, 16 (see Noun-phrases, Adjective phrases, Adverbial phrases, Verb-phrases);
    • as prepositions, 149;
    • as conjunctions, 153;
    • exclamatory, 155;
    • in analysis, 191 ff.;
    • as modifiers of subject, 192 f.;
      • of predicate, 196 f.;
    • as complements, 204;
    • as modifiers of complements, 41, 58.
    • See 220 ff.
    • See Noun, Adjective, Adverbial, Indicative, Subjunctive.
  • Subordinate clauses, meanings of, 163 ff.;
    • place and time, 163 f.;
    • cause, 164;
    • concession, 164 f.;
    • purpose and result, 166 f.;
    • conditional, 167 ff.;
    • comparison and manner, 173;
    • indirect discourse, 173 ff.;
    • indirect questions, 179 ff.
  • Subordinate (or subordinating) conjunctions, 151, 153 f., 157.
  • Substantive, 4. See Noun, Pronoun.
  • Substantive clauses. See Noun clauses.
  • Such, 64;
    • such ... as, 67.
  • Superlative of emphasis, 88. See Comparison.
  • Suppose, supposing, 168.
  • Syntax, xiv, 25 ff.;
    • summary of rules, 311 ff.
  • Taste, with predicate adjective, 77.
  • Telling, verbs of, direct and indirect object, 50;
    • retained object, 112;
    • object clause, 160;
    • indirect discourse, 174.
  • Tense, 94 ff. See Present, Past, Future, Compound tenses.
  • Tenses, use in conditions, 121, 170 ff.;
    • with ought, 126;
    • in indirect discourse, 175, 177 ff.;
    • in indirect questions, 179, 182.
  • Termination. See Endings.
  • Than, 87;
    • case after, 173;
    • clauses, 173.
  • That, conjunction with subordinate clause, 20 f., 132, 137, 153, 157 ff., 160 ff.;
    • in clauses of purpose, 122 f., 130, 166 f.;
    • result, 166 f.;
    • indirect discourse, 174 ff.;
    • omitted, 153, 63.
    • You and thou, 56 f.;
      • indefinite you,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
        
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