“Cat. Mus. R. I. A.,” p. 7.

“Preh. Times,” 4th ed., p. 87.

“Geol. and Nat. Hist. Rep.,” vol. i. p. 208.

“G. and N. H. Rep.,” vol. ii. p. 128; Proc. Soc. Ant., 2nd S., vol. iv. p. 95.

I first learnt the art of producing these cones from the late Rev. J. S. Henslow, F.R.S., and have since then instructed many others in the process, among them the late Dr. Hugh Falconer, F.R.S., whose account of the manufacture of flakes (“PalÆont. Mem.,” vol. ii. p. 605) is, I find, curiously like what I have written above. He insists rather more strongly on the different characteristics of “iron-struck” and “stone-struck” facets than I should be inclined to do. There is, however, in all probability a difference in the fracture resulting from hammers of different degrees of hardness and elasticity. The mechanics of the fracture of flint have also been studied by the late M. Jules Thore, of Dax. (Bull. de la Soc. de Borda, Dax, 1878.)

ArchÆologia, vol. xxxix. p. 76.

“Spalls or broken pieces of stones that come off in hewing and graving.” — “Nomenclator,” p. 411, quoted in Halliwell’s “Dict. of Archaic Words, &c.” “Spalle, or chyppe, quisquilia, assula.” — “Promptorium Parvulorum,” p. 467.

Proc. Soc. Ant., 2nd S., vol. iii. p. 38. Proc. As. Soc. Beng., 1867, p. 137.

Dr. Gillespie, in Journ. Anth. Inst., vol. vi. p. 260.

Wood, “Nat. Hist. of Man,” vol. ii. pp. 36–38.

Proc. Soc. Ant., 2nd S., vol. i. p. 73.

Trans. Ethn. Soc., N. S., vol. iv. p. 241.

Arch. Journ., vol. xvii. p. 170.

Journ. Ethnol. Soc. Lond., vol. ii. p. 430.

For neolithic implements from this place, see Trans. Berks. ArchÆol. and Archit. Soc., 1879–80, p. 49.

“Manx Note Book,” vol. i. (1885) p. 71.

Mem. Anthrop. Soc. Lond., vol. i. p. 142.

See Worsaae “Nord. Olds.,” No. 60; “Guide to North. Arch.,” p. 39; and the authors already cited at p. 272.

“Mus. prÉh.,” pl. xxxiii.

MÉm. Soc. R. des Ant. du Nord., 1872–7, p. 103.

Zeitsch. f. Ethn., vol. xvii. p. (133).

P. 23. See also Tylor, “Anahuac.,” p. 96.

Geol. Mag., vol. iii. p. 433; iv. 43.

“Objects Found in Greece,” G. Finlay, 1869. Zeitsch. f. Ethn., vol. v. p. (110).

Proc. Soc. Ant., 2nd S., vol. i. p. 69. See also Arch. Journ., vol. xvii. p. 171.

Proc. Soc. Ant., 2nd S., vol. v. p. 438.

Tr. Dev. Assoc., vol. xvii. p. 70; xviii. p. 74. Arch. Assoc. Journ., vol. xxviii. p. 220.

Journ. Anth. Inst., vol. v. p. 30. Notes and Queries, 5th S., vol. vii. p. 447.

“Flint Impts., &c., found at St. Mary Bourne,” Jos. Stevens, 1867.

Journ. Anth. Inst., vol. xiii. p. 137.

Tr. Lanc. and Chesh. Arch. Soc., vol. ii. pl. i. iv. p. 305.

Journ. R. Inst. Cornwall, Oct., 1864.

Proc. Soc. Ant., 2nd S., vol. iii. p. 22.

Trans. Preh. Cong., 1868, p. 89. Tr. Devon. Assoc., vol. i.; pt. v. p. 80.

Op. cit., p. 128.

“Ten Years’ Dig.,” p. 226.

Arch. Journ., vol. viii. p. 343.

Arch. Assoc. Journ., vol. xxii. p. 241.

Proc. Soc. Ant., 2nd S., vol. vi. p. 48.

Arch., vol. xxxvi. p. 176.

Arch. Journ., vol. xviii. p. 71.

Reliquary, vol. vi. p. 4.

Arch. Journ., vol xii. p. 189.

Arch. Camb., 2nd S., vol. i. p. 331; ii. 222.

Arch. Assoc. Journ., vol. xviii. p. 58.

Tr. Devon. Assoc., vol. vi. p. 272, fig. 2.

Reliquary, vol. iii. p. 162.

Arch. Journ., vol. ix. p. 92.

Arch. Camb., 2nd S., vol. iii. p. 102.

Journ. Ethnol. Soc., vol. ii. p. 306.

Arch. Journ., vol. xiv. p. 281.

Arch., vol. xxxiv. p. 252.

“Cran. Brit.,” vol. ii. pl. 1, p. 2.

“Cr. Br.,” vol. ii. pl. 24, p. 3.

Mem. Anthrop. Soc. Lond., vol. i. p. 142.

Arch., vol. lii. p. 12, and “British Barrows,” passim.

Arch. Assoc. Journ., vol. xvii. p. 73.

Arch., vol. xxxviii. p. 416.

Proc. Soc. Ant., 2nd S., vol. ii. p. 278.

Arch. Journ., vol. xi. p. 322.

Wiltsh. Mag., vol. iii. p. 170.

“South Wilts,” p. 193.

“South Wilts,” p. 195.

Arch. Journ., vol. xxi. p. 172.

“Cat. Arch. Inst. Mus. Edin.,” p. 20.

Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot., vol. iv. p. 507.

Op. cit., vol. iv. p. 385, and vi. 234, 240. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., 1865, vol. xxi. p. 1.

P. S. A. S., vol. vi. p. 251, and v. 61.

Arch. Journ., vol. xx. p. 35.

Anthrop. Rev., vol. ii.; lxiv.

Wilson, “Preh. Ann. of Scot.,” vol. i. p. 177.

Ibid., p. 178.

Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot., vol. v. p. 13.

Arch. Scot., vol. iii. p. 46.

Arch., vol. xlii. p. 64.

Arch. Journ., vol. xx. p. 198.

“Salisb. Vol. Arch. Inst.,” p. 106.

Journ. Ethn. Soc., vol. i. p. 10.

Arch. Journ., vol. xxiii. p. 300; vol. xxv. p. 155.

Geol. Mag., vol. vii. 443.

Arch. Journ., vol. xxii. p. 68.

Suss. Arch. Coll., vol. xix. p. 53.

Arch. Assoc. Journ., vol. xxiv. p. 182, &c.

Journ. Ethn. Soc., vol. ii. p. 421.

“Flint Impts.,” Jos. Stevens, 1867.

Arch. Journ., vol. xxi. p. 168.

3rd S., vol. iii. p. 304.

Journ. Ethn. Soc., vol. ii. p. 141.

“Prehist. Rem. of Caithness,” Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot., vol. vii. p. 37.

P. S. A. S., vol. vii. p. 73.

P. S. A. S., vol. i. p. 101.

Arch. Assoc. Journ., vol. ii. p. 203.

Arch. Assoc. Journ., vol. xiii. p. 319.

Garrigou et Filhol, “Age de la Pierre polie.” &c., pl. vii. and viii.

De Bonstetten, “2nd Supp. au Rec. d’Ant. Suisses,” pl. i.

On this custom see Trans. Lanc. and Chesh. Arch. Soc., vol. vi. p. 58; viii. p. 63; xi. p. 27.

Arch. Journ., vol. xxii. p. 116.

Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot., vol. i. p. 210.

Arch. Assoc. Journ., vol. xii. p. 299.

See Arch. Journ., vol. xi. p. 211, and xx. 189; Wright, “Rems. of a Prim. Peop. in Yorksh.,” p. 10.

See Cochet, “Normandie Souterr.,” p. 258; Baudot, “SÉp. des Barbares,” p. 76; Troyon, “Tombeaux de Bel-Air”; Lindenschmit, “Todtenlager bei Selzen,” p. 13.

Arch., vol. xxxv. p. 267.

“Hist. of Lapland,” Ed., 1704, p. 313; Keysler, “Ant. Sept.,” p. 173.

Sussex Arch. Coll. vol. xvi. p. 63.

Arch. Camb., 2nd S., vol. i. p. 88.

Isaiah, chap. xli. ver. 15.

“De re Rust.,” lib. i. cap. 52.

Smith’s “Dict. of Gk. and Rom. Ant.,” s.v. Tribulum. Wilkinson’s “Anc. Egyptians,” vol. ii. p. 190; iv. 94. “Arch, per l’Ant. e la Etn.,” vol. xxiii. 57; vol. xxvi. p. 53. Fellows, “Journ. in Asia Minor,” 1838, p. 70. Paul Lucas, “Voyage en Asie,” Paris, 1712, p. 231. N. and Q., 7th S., vol. vii. p. 36.

For the use of this cut I am indebted to Sir A. Wollaston Franks, F.R.S.

Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot., vol. vi. p. 253.

Journ. Anth. Inst., vol. x. p. 150.

Arch., vol. xli. p. 404. See also Wilde, “Cat. Mus. R. I. A.,” p. 10.

See Lubbock, “Preh. Times,” 4th ed., p. 94.

MÉm. Soc. R. des Ant. du Nord., 1886–91, p. 232. Aarb. f. Oldkynd, 1886, p. 227.

“Alt. u. h. V.,” vol. ii. Heft. viii. Taf. i. 4.

Tom. vi. 1865.

Ponthieux, pl. xxvi.

Chantre, “Etudes PalÉoÉthnol.,” 1867. Watelet, “L’Age de Pierre dans le DÉp. de l’Aisne,” 1866. De Ferry, “Anc. de l’Homme dans le MÂconnais,” 1867.

“L’Homme Fossile,” 2nd ed., p. 150.

Comptes Rendus, 1866, vol. lxii. p. 347; 1867, vol. lxv. p. 116.

De Gongora, “Ant. Preh. de Andalusia,” p. 49, fig. 60.

Trans. Preh. Cong., 1868, pl. viii. 3.

“Ant. do Algarve;” da Veiga, 1886, vol. ii. p. 162, pl. viii.

“Di alcuni armi ed Utensili in Pietra,” 1863, Tav. ii.

Keller, “Pfahlbauten,” 6ter Ber., p. 272.

“Supp. au Rec. d’Ant. Suisses,” pl. i. 5.

Zeitsch. f. Ethn., vol. xvi. p. (105), pl. iii.

Rev. Arch., vol. xx. p. 441. MatÉriaux, vol. v. p. 399 bis; Comptes Rendus, 1869, vol. lxix. p. 1312. Arcelin, “Ind. prim. en. Egypte et en Syrie,” 1870.

Zeitschrift fÜr Ægypt. Sprache, &c., Juli 1870.

Journ. Anth. Inst., vol. iv. p. 215 (Lubbock): vii. p. 290. Zeitsch. f. Ethn., vol. xxi. pl. iv. v. “Die Stein-zeit Afrika’s,” R. AndrÉe. Intern. Archiv, vol. iii. p. 81. “Ægypten’s vor-metallische Zeit.” Much, WÜrzburg, 1880. Nature, vol. xxxii. p. 161: xxxiii. 311 (Wady Halfa).

Tr. Cong. PrÉh. Stockholm, 1874, p. 76.

Comptes Rendus, 1869, vol. lxviii. pp. 196, 345.

Journ. Anth. Inst., vol. i. pp. 337, 442.

Quart. St. Palest. Expl. Fund, 1874, p. 158.

Trans. Cong. Preh. Arch., 1868, p. 69. Geol. Mag., vol. v. p. 532. Journ. Anth. Inst., vol. xi. p. 124. Camb. Ant. Comm., vol. v. p. 67.

Proc. Soc. Ant., 2nd S., vol. iii. p. 38. Journ. of Ant. Soc. of Cent. Prov., vol. i. p. 21. Journ. Ethn. Soc., N. S., vol. i. p. 175.

“Anct. Mon. of Mississ. Vall.,” p. 215.

Lib. iii. c. 15.

Wood, “Nat. Hist. of Man,” vol. ii. p. 38.

Journ. Anth. Inst., vol. vi. p. 409, pl. xx.

For the use of this block I am indebted to the executors of the late Mr. Henry Christy. See also Lubbock, “Preh. Times,” 4th Ed., p. 93.

“Mus. Metall,” p. 157.

Two are figured in Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot., vol. viii. p. 321. See also Ratzel, “VÖlkerk,” vol. ii., 1888, p. 151.

Comptes Rendus, 1868, vol. lxvii. p. 1296.

Arch. Assoc. Journ., vol. iv., 1848, p. 105.

Arch., vol. xxxviii. p. 417.

“Anc. Wilts,” p. 195. “Cat. Devizes Mus.,” No. 124A.

“Ten Years’ Dig.,” p. 230.

“T. Y. D.,” p. 224.

P. S. A. S., vol. vii. p. 320.

Op. cit., vol. vii. p. 499.

Arch., vol. xli. p. 404.

Others are engraved in Keller’s “Pfahlbaut.,” 1ter Bericht, Taf. iii. 8. Lindenschmit, “Alt. u. h. V.,” vol. i., Heft. xii. Taf. i. 15. “Hohenzollernsch. Samml.,” Taf. xxvii. 18. Mackie, “Nat. Hist. Rep.,” vol. i. p. 139. Le Hon, “L’homme Foss.,” 2nd ed., p. 175. “Ant. Lac. du Mus. de Lausanne,” 1896. Pl. x.

“Mus. prÉh.,” Nos. 276, 277. “Ant. Lac. du Mus. de Lausanne,” 1896. Pl. x., 10, 11.

Zeitsch. f. Ethn., vol. xiv. p. (531).

Keller’s “Lake-Dw.,” pl. iii. 1; xxi. 10; xxviii. 9, 10. Troyon, “Hab. Lac.,” pl. v. 11. “Pfahlbauten,” 2ter Ber. Taf. iii. pl. 40. Desor, “Palafittes,” fig. 12. Rau’s “Preh. Fishing,” 1884, p. 186.

“Stone Age,” pl. v. 86.

P. S. A. S., vol. x. p. 263.

Tr. Lanc. and Chesh. Arch. Soc., vol. iv. p. 377.

Ibid.

Zeitsch. f. Ethn., vol., xiv. p. 28.

“Illahun, &c.,” 1891, p. 13, pl. xiii.

“Nat. Hist. of Man,” vol. ii. p. 32.

See Archiv. f. Anth., vol. v. p. 234.

Worsaae, “Prim. Ants. of Den.,” p. 17. Nilsson, “Stone Age,” pl. vi. 125, 126. Madsen, “Afb.,” pl. xl.

Wilson’s “Preh. Man,” vol. i. p. 225. “Anct. Mon. of Missis. Valley,” p. 211. Squier, “Abor. Mon. of New York,” p. 180.

“Cultur-wiss.,” vol. i. p. 61.

“Stone Age,” pl. ii. pp. 28, 29.

“Remains of a Primitive People, &c., in Yorkshire.”

Proc. Soc. Ant., 2nd S., vol. iv. 233.

Arch., vol. xxxviii. p. 417.

Arch. Journ., vol. xxvii. p. 74.

Arch. Journ., vol. xxix. p. 284.

Antiq., vol. xv., 1887, pp. 237–8.

Suss. Arch. Coll., vol. xxxii. p. 175.

Suss. Arch. Coll., vol. xxvii. p. 177.

Wilts Arch. Mag., vol. xx. p. 346.

“Brit. Barr.,” pp. 251, 262.

“Vest. Ant. Derb.,” p. 43.

P. S. A. S., vol. xxv. p. 497.

P. S. A. S., vol. xi. p. 584.

P. S. A. S., vol. xii. p. 208.

P. S. A. S., vol. xxviii. p. 337.

Bull. de la Soc. des Ant. de l’Ouest, 4 Trim., 1863, fig. 18.

“Mus. PrÉh.,” pl. xxxiv., xxxv.

Madsen, “Afbildninger,” pl. i. 15.

Zeits. f. Ethn., vol. xxviii., p. 348.

H. and L. Siret, “Les premiers Ages du MÉtal,” pl. xiii., xvi. Capelle, “L’Esp. centr.,” 1895, p. 70, pl. vi.

Zeitsch. f. Ethn., vol. xvii. p. 93.

Zeitsch. f. Ethn., vol. xiv. p. (483); xv. p. (116).

“Stone Age,” p. 80, pl. v. 93.

“Nord. Olds.,” No. 56.

“Nord. Olds.,” No. 58.

Lubbock, “Preh. Times,” 4th ed., p. 102. “Flint Chips,” p. 74.

Nordisk Tidskrift for Oldk., 1832, p. 429.

“Stone Age,” p. 42.

Franks, “HorÆ Ferales,” p. 137. Lisch, “Frederico-Francisc.,” p. 145.

“Celt, Roman, and Saxon,” p. 70.

“Kahun,” 1890, p. 29, pl. ix. “Illahun, &c.,” 1891, p. 50 seqq. “Medum,” 1892, p. 31 seqq.

“Troy,” 1875, p. 94. Atlas, pl. xxv.

Zeitsch. f. Ethn., vol. xvii. p. (303).

Arch. Journ., vol. xlix. p. 53.

Arch. Journ., vol. xlix. p. 164.