[1] The good Church of England, in caring for her sons in Spanish America, is perforce obliged to have regard to the vast distances she must cover here. Thus the Bishop of the Falkland Islands' flock—his diocese—extends over the not inconsiderable territory covering the west coast of South America, including Chile, Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador and so forth—a strip some five or six thousand miles long. As I formed one of a committee with the good bishop to endeavour to raise funds among English business men to carry on his work (and incidentally to lecture on the subject), I had the matter brought specially to my notice. Again, the Bishop of Honduras, in a recent letter to The Times, appealed for funds for a vessel, by means of which he might visit his flock over the vast diocese that included Honduras and British Honduras, Costa Rica, Salvador, Nicaragua and Panama.

And again, in giving evidence before the Select Committee of the House of Commons to inquire into the Putumayo rubber scandals, which I was called upon as a witness to do, concerning the Indians of Peru, it was necessary to inform the gentlemen of the Commission that the easiest way of reaching Eastern from Western Peru was to take steamer up the Pacific coast, cross the Isthmus of Panama, go home across the Atlantic to Liverpool, and come back again to the Amazon and go up that river!

[2] Vide Humboldt, Encyc. Brit., Eleventh Edition, 1910.

[3] Coup d'État.

[4] Each volume of the South American Series contains such.

[5] Molina, Hakluyt Series, Markham translation.

[6] A full account of all these States will be found in Central America, Koebel, South American Series.

[7] Some of these tribes were unutterably savage and brutal, but it is doubtful if their methods were worse than those of the Anglo-Saxon who invaded Britain, with the repulsive horrors they visited upon the early Britains, in wholesale massacre and torture of the Celts.

[8] Mexico, by the Author, South American Series.

[9] Mexico, loc. cit.

[10] Mexico, loc. cit.

[11] Vide Mexico, loc. cit.

[12] See the Author's Ecuador, in the South American Series; also Peru, in the same.

[13] See the Author's Ecuador, loc. cit.

[14] See the Author's The Andes and the Amazon.

[15] Their movement is not readily apparent.

[16] See the Author's Peru, in the South American Series; also Markham's History of Peru.

[17] Chile, Scott Elliot (Martin Hume's Introduction), South American Series.

[18] Chile, loc. cit.

[19] The Central and South American Cable Office, built of tabique, stood the shock. One telegraph operator seems to have pluckily stuck to his post throughout the confusion. The Mercurio newspaper office also stood firm, and indeed this paper was regularly issued.

[20] The disturbance produced a tidal wave 5 feet high at Hawaii, Mani and Hilo.

[21] Chile, loc. cit.

[22] Chile, loc. cit.

[23] The Author's The Andes and the Amazon.

[24] Ecuador, loc. cit.

[25] Ecuador, loc. cit.

[26] Wolf.

[27] Professor Orton of New York.

[28] Bulletin of the Bureau of American Republics, Washington.

[29] A recent London traveller summed up his impressions of Quito as "a city of seventy churches and one bath." But there has been some improvement since.

[30] Ecuador, loc. cit.

[31] Velasco and Cevallos.

[32] According to Cieza de Leon.

[33] The author at the request of the Economic Circle of the National Liberal Club in London lectured before that body on "The Land Laws and Social System of the Incas" (1912).

[34] Ecuador, loc. cit.

[35] For an account of this ruler, see Latin America, Calderon, South American Series.

[36] Visited by the author and described before the Royal Geographical Society.

[37] Peru, Enock, in the South American Series.

[38] See Bolivia, WallÉ, South American Series.

[39] Bolivia, loc. cit.

[40] Bolivia, loc. cit.

[41] An excellent account will be found in Bolivia, loc. cit.