LAUREL.

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(1) Clarence. To whom the heavens in thy nativity
Adjudged an Olive branch and Laurel crown
As likely to be blest in peace and war.
3rd Henry VI, act iv, sc. 6 (33).
(2) Titus. Cometh Andronicus bound with Laurel boughs.
Titus Andronicus, act i, sc. 1 (74).
(3) Cleopatra. Upon your sword
Sit Laurel victory.
Antony and Cleopatra, act i, sc. 3 (99).
(4) Ulysses. Prerogative of age, crowns, sceptres, Laurels.
Troilus and Cressida, act i, sc. 3 (107).

This is one of the plants which Shakespeare borrowed from the classical writers; it is not the Laurel of our day, which was not introduced till after his death,[136:1] but the Laurea Apollinis, the Laurea Delphica—

"The Laurel meed of mightie conquerors
And poet's sage,"—Spenser;

that is, the Bay. This is the tree mentioned by Gower—

"This Daphne into a Lorer tre
Was turned, whiche is ever grene,
In token, as yet it may be sene,
That she shalle dwelle a maiden stille."

Conf. Aman. lib. terc.

There can be little doubt that the Laurel of Chaucer also was the Bay, the—

"Fresh grene Laurer tree
That gave so passing a delicious smelle
According to the Eglantere ful welle."

He also spoke of it as the emblem of enduring freshness—

"Myn herte and al my lymes be as grene
As Laurer, through the yeer is for to seene."

The Marchaundes Tale.

The Laurel in Lyte's "Herbal" (the Lauriel or Lourye) seems to be the Daphne Laureola. But unconsciously Chaucer and Shakespeare spoke with more botanical accuracy than we do, the Bay being a true Laurel, while the Laurel is a Cherry (see Bay).


FOOTNOTES:

[136:1] The first Laurel grown in Europe was grown by Clusius in 1576.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

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