The United States of North America are classed into four groups of States, each group having a distinguishing name. First, New England; second, the Middle States; third, the Western; fourth, the Southern States. This division arises from local distinctions, which exist in the character and pursuits of the inhabitants, or is founded on physical causes.

NEW ENGLAND.

New England includes the six States lying east from Hudson river and Lake Champlain. This general name was given to this part of the country by the first settlers, or, as they are generally called, ‘the pilgrim fathers,’ who left England, their native country, and landed at Plymouth, in December, 1620, in order that they might enjoy religious freedom. This section of the United States is distinguished for the industry of its inhabitants, and for being the most populous part of the Union. Great attention is paid to agriculture and commerce.

The features of New England are mountainous; and the soil is various, producing in abundance, grass, grain, and a variety of fruits. Its climate is salubrious.

There is probably no place in the world where education is so widely spread through all classes of the people; there being schools in each town, supported at public expense.

MAINE.

Is an uneven and mountainous State. Its soil is peculiarly adapted to the growth of timber, and for pasturage of cattle. The climate is healthy, although the cold is severe during the winter months. This State has an extensive sea-coast, indented with many good harbors, and commerce is actively pursued by those who reside near the ocean. The exports are timber and fish. Portland is the largest city, and has heretofore been the capital; but Augusta has recently been selected for the metropolis of the State.

NEW HAMPSHIRE.

The climate of this State is similar to that of Maine. The land is mountainous and fertile. Agriculture is the chief occupation of the inhabitants. There is but little facility for commerce, as the State has only sixteen miles of sea-coast. The harbor at Portsmouth is one of the best on the continent, and contains one of the United States’ naval stations. The capital of this State is Concord, which is a place of considerable trade, having a communication with Boston harbor by means of Middlesex canal.

VERMONT.

Derives its name from the range of the Green Mountains which runs through the State. These mountains give rise to many rivers which contribute to the fertility of the soil. The State being entirely inland, the attention of the inhabitants is directed to agriculture and manufactures. Mines of iron, copper, and lead, and quarries of marble, are found in this State. Montpelier, the capital, is a flourishing town.

MASSACHUSETTS.

Is the oldest State in New England, and is distinguished as having been the first mover in the struggle for American Independence. It is the first, except New York, in commerce, wealth, and manufactures. It is the second commercial State in the Union. The state of society is enlightened, and the advantages of education are universally enjoyed.

The land is uneven and hilly, and in the western part, mountainous. The soil is fertile, except in the southeastern part, where it is sandy.

Boston is the capital, and being the largest city in New England, may properly be considered the metropolis of this whole section of country. It is built upon a peninsula at the head of Massachusetts bay, and has a most excellent harbor, capable of accommodating more than five hundred vessels, while the entrance is so narrow that only two ships can sail in, abreast. The wharfs are constructed with a degree of expense and neatness far exceeding those of any other city in the United States. The harbor is defended by forts, and contains one of the United States’ naval stations. Boston has communication with the surrounding country by means of seven bridges, all built of wood, with the exception of the Western Avenue, which is built of stone and earth. This city is noted for its literature, and for its many handsome public and private buildings, among which may be named the State House, Quincy Market, Tremont House, Masonic Temple, &c. The cut above gives a view of the City Hall, which contains the Rooms of the Mayor, Aldermen, and Council, Post Office, and City Treasurer and Clerk’s Offices. This building was formerly the State House. In this venerated edifice the first legislative acts on the American revolution were debated and acted upon. This continued to be the capitol until the year 1800, when the present State House was built. This city is also celebrated as containing Faneuil Hall, ‘the cradle of liberty,’ where the first popular assemblies were held, to discuss the question of Independence.

Salem, the next town in size, is considered the wealthiest town in the United States.

Charlestown, is noted in the annals of the Revolution, as being the place where the battle of Bunker Hill was fought.

CONNECTICUT.

Possesses a mild climate and fertile soil which is under a high state of cultivation. Manufactures of cotton, woollen, linen, iron, wood, and tin, are carried on with great activity and ingenuity in this State. General habits of sobriety and industry are the characteristics of the inhabitants, who are generally well educated, much attention being paid to schools. Connecticut and Massachusetts have furnished more emigrants to the western states than any other section of the Republic.

The General Assembly of statesmen, meets alternately at New Haven and Hartford, on which account both may be considered capitals. Yale College at New Haven, is one of the most flourishing seminaries in the Union.

RHODE ISLAND.

Is the smallest State in the Republic; its soil is moderately fertile, and the climate salubrious and healthy. It has a greater amount of manufactures in proportion to its population than any other State. Its commerce is considerable. This State takes its name from an island in Narraganset bay. On this island is situated Newport, which has one of the best harbors in the United States.

Rhode Island was founded by Roger Williams, a celebrated advocate for religious liberty. This State has no written constitution, being still governed under the charter of the English king, Charles II, in virtue of which, the people annually elect a Governor, Senate, and House of Representatives. These constitute the General Assembly, which meets four times a year. Providence being the largest city may be considered the capital, although the Assembly meets alternately at Providence, South Kingston, East Greenwich, and Bristol. Brown University is in Providence.

---

MIDDLE STATES.

The Middle States are so called from their relative situation. The distinguishing characteristic of this section of country is the extensive system of internal improvement by means of canals and railroads, by which the prosperity of those States is much promoted. Railroads are laid down on the most level routes between the places to be connected. They are formed by rails of iron laid on a foundation of stone or wood. The wheels of the carriages are made to run upon these rails, which being smooth offer little resistance, and make it easy for a small force to move an immense weight. All the hills which occur in the route of these roads are levelled and the valleys filled up. Railroads pass over rivers by means of bridges, or, as they are more generally called in these States, viaducts. The Baltimore and Ohio railroad passes over a river, about seven miles from the city, by means of one of these, called the Patterson viaduct, a view of which is given in the cut.

The climate of the Middle States embraces almost all the varieties that are found on the face of the earth; and, with the exception of the northern part of the State of New York, the soil is more fertile than that of New England. Wheat is produced in great abundance, and forms the chief object of agriculture.

NEW YORK.

Ranks first in the United States for commerce, wealth, and population, and is one of the most extensive in point of territory. The land is uneven, and in some parts mountainous. The soil is moderately fertile, and well adapted to agriculture and grazing.

A prominent feature of this State is the great number of lakes in its interior, which, being connected together by rivers, facilitate the transportation of produce from place to place. These natural advantages, together with large rivers and grand canals, have raised New York to the elevated rank she now holds, and made the city of New York the first emporium of commerce in the Union.

The Falls of Niagara, between Lakes Erie and Ontario, are partly in this State. This is the largest cataract in the world, and is a place of great interest to the thousands of its visiters. The fall here is one hundred and fifty feet.

Long Island is a part of this State. It is one hundred and sixty miles long, and from two to fifteen broad, and is well cultivated. The principal town on this island is Brooklyn, where there is one of the United States naval stations.

Albany is the capital of New York. It is a flourishing city on the Hudson river, situated at the point where it is joined by the Western and Champlain canals, which circumstances contribute to make it a place of considerable trade. Its inhabitants are principally descendants from the Dutch, who first settled the state.

The city New York is situated on Manhattan island, at the mouth of the Hudson river; and from its commodious bay and other natural advantages for commerce, seems destined to rival all the commercial cities in the world. This city contains many elegant buildings, and beautiful parks. Its population embraces some of almost every nation on the earth, who congregate here in pursuit of wealth. New York city extends over three miles along its harbor, thus affording ample accommodation to almost innumerable vessels.

Ballston and Saratoga springs, are the most celebrated mineral springs in the United States, and are much visited, during the summer months, on account of the medicinal qualities of the waters.

NEW JERSEY.

The soil of New Jersey is not generally so fertile as that of the states which have been named, being sandy along the sea-coast, and hilly in the interior. Although this state has an extensive sea-coast yet, as there are few very commodious harbors, to vie with that of New York on the one side and of Philadelphia on the other, it has but little commerce:—These cities import almost all the foreign articles and dispose of most of the manufactures and produce of this state.

The farmers raise many cattle, and much fruit, particularly apples, from which immense quantities of cider are annually made:—for this article this state is particularly celebrated.

Iron ore is abundant—copper, lead, coal, and freestone are found in considerable quantities. Manufactures of iron, cotton, and leather, are carried on to a considerable amount.

Trenton is the capital of the state. It is situated on the Delaware river, and is on the great route of travel between New York and Philadelphia. It is celebrated as the scene of one of the most brilliant battles fought by the Americans during the revolution. Princeton is also noted for a battle.

Newark contains more inhabitants than any other town in the state, its population being about 11,000.

PENNSYLVANIA.

William Penn, a benevolent English gentleman, brought out with him, in the year 1681, a great number of Quakers, and first settled this state, under a grant from King Charles II. After his name the State is called, Pennsylvania. This State exhibits a great variety of soil and climate. The soil is suited to the growth of grain, and husbandry is said to be better understood in Pennsylvania than in any other State. Hemp and peaches are cultivated. Wine is made in small quantities, and commerce flourishes to a great extent.

This State abounds in coal, which forms an article of commerce with most of the cities of the United States. It is obtained in immense quantities in the neighborhood of Pittsburg, and from the Schuylkill and Lehigh mines.

Pennsylvania has engaged more extensively in internal improvements than any other State.

Harrisburg, the capital, is pleasantly situated on the Susquehanna River, and contains an elegant State House.

Philadelphia is the most regularly laid out and well built city in the Union. The streets generally intersect each other at right angles, and the principal ones are 100 feet wide. The inhabitants are extensively engaged in manufactures. The commerce of this place is large, and according to the amount of its exports is the third commercial city in the Republic.

In this city are many literary, scientific, and benevolent institutions, and numerous elegant public buildings, among which are the Bank of the United States, the Almshouse, Mint of the United States, and many elegant churches. The population of the city is 80,458; and of the suburbs, 87,353; total, 167,811.

DELAWARE.

With the exception of Rhode Island, this state is the smallest in the Union; it is also the least populous state. Its soil is moderately fertile, and produces a great variety of grasses, and an abundance of wheat. Flour is the principal article of manufacture and export. A considerable quantity of lumber is also exported.

The Chesapeake and Delaware canal intersects this state, and forms an easy and expeditious communication between Philadelphia and Baltimore.

Dover is the capital. It contains a handsome state house.

MARYLAND.

This is the most irregularly shaped of all the American states. Here the system of husbandry peculiar to the Southern States generally commences, it being the first in our progress southward where tobacco is produced. Wheat, hemp, and flax, are considerably cultivated.

The first settlers of this State were natives of Sweden, and many of their posterity may still be found who are like their forefathers, healthy, cheerful, industrious, and hospitable.

This State ranks high in a commercial view. Its commercial city is Baltimore, where there is an excellent harbor, capable of containing a great number of vessels. Its inhabitants are celebrated for hospitality, a spirit of enterprise, and polished manners. It contains many elegant public structures, viz. the Washington and Battle Monuments, the Exchange, the Museum, and Hospital. Much attention is paid to education. Population 80,625.

Annapolis is the capital. It is situated 28 miles southeast from Baltimore, and is a flourishing place, containing a handsome state house in its centre, towards which the streets run.

The principal manufacture of this State is flour, which is made in such quantities as to form the chief article of export. Tobacco, lumber, iron, glass, and whiskey, are also exported.

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

Between Maryland and Virginia, lies the Federal District of Columbia, comprising a square of ten miles. This district which was given by these States to the United States, lies on both sides of the river Potomack, 120 miles from its mouth, and is under the immediate jurisdiction of the National Congress, which assembles annually at Washington, for the purpose of legislation. Washington is situated near the centre of the district, and is laid out in such manner, that the principal buildings, as the Capitol, President’s house, &c. command a full view of the city, and at the same time can be seen from every part of it. Georgetown and Alexandria are also within the district.

---

WESTERN STATES.

The Western States have all sprung into existence within the period of the last fifteen years, and their growth has been unparalleled, both in the increase of population and wealth.

Probably no district of country on earth, possesses so great a proportion of soil capable of yielding the necessaries and luxuries of life, in so great abundance. The seasons are regularly divided into spring, summer, autumn, and winter, and the climate is generally healthful. Furs, minerals, cotton, indigo, tobacco, hemp, wheat, and every description of grain and fruit common in the New England States, flourish here.

Prairies are common in this section of the country, on which immense herds of buffaloes are often seen grazing.

The remote situation of these states from the ocean, has retarded their growth as a commercial country; but the introduction of steam-boats, canals, and railways, is fast overcoming the difficulty, and some of the western towns are already very large, and are rapidly increasing.

OHIO.

Takes its name, and derives its greatest facilities for commerce, from the noble Ohio river. This State was admitted to the Union in the year 1802, since which time its growth has been rapid; in 1820 its population was 581,434; and increased in ten years to 937,679.

Although there are no mountains in this State, yet it is diversified with hills, valleys, and plains, and watered by many fine rivers, navigable for boats. The soil and climate are excellent, and the state presents great facilities for agriculture. The land in its natural state is thickly covered with forests, and the trees attain an immense size.

The population is composed of emigrants from the other states, the greater proportion of which are from New England. The inhabitants are noted for their industrious habits, and enterprising spirit.

Cincinnati (a view of which is given above,) is the largest town in the State, and with propriety may be considered the commercial capital of the Western States. It is rapidly increasing in refinement, business, and population. The number of inhabitants, as given in the returns to congress in the year 1830, is stated at 24,831; but another census taken a few months later in the same year states that it is 26,515. Being advantageously situated on the Ohio river, it seems destined to become a great city, and may in progress of time rival the older cities of the Middle and the Eastern States.

Columbus, the capital, is a flourishing place.

Much attention is paid in this State to education. There are many colleges and academies, and schools are general throughout the State. Internal improvements are gaining the attention of the people.

Mounds of earth are found in many places, the origin of which cannot be ascertained. These mounds appear to be forts, and are supposed to have been built by people who lived in this country before the present race of Indians.

INDIANA.

This state is nearly similar to Ohio in its climate, soil, productions, and inhabitants. The northern part of the State is level, the southern part broken and hilly, and there is much timber land.

The largest town in the State is Vincennes. At this place most of the trade of the State centres.

ILLINOIS.

The soil of this State is exceedingly rich, and is divided into forest and prairie lands; and when under cultivation produces in the greatest abundance, the necessaries and luxuries of life. Grapes are common to the country, and are abundant. Great quantities of wine might be easily manufactured. Foreign vines have been cultivated with success. Maize, wheat, oats, barley, buckwheat, potatoes, rye, tobacco, cotton, hemp, and flax, peaches, plums, and garden vegetables, and indeed almost all the productions of the Eastern and Middle States, can be cultivated to advantage here.

The United States salt works on the Saline river produce annually 200,000 bushels of salt. Coal, iron ore, copper, and lead are found here.

MISSOURI.

Takes its name from the river which runs through the State. It contains less woodland than Illinois, but its soil and climate are similar. Numerous mines of lead are now worked, which yield immense quantities. Iron ore is found in great abundance, and it is probable that enough of these two minerals may be obtained from this State to supply the whole United States.

Jefferson city, the capital, is at present a small place, but is increasing. St. Louis is the largest town, and is the depot for the trade of the northwestern territories.

KENTUCKY.

Is one of the most healthful and beautiful States in the Union. The greater proportion of its land is arable and productive. The failure of water of most of the rivers of this State during the summer months is a great obstacle to its prosperity. The Ohio and Mississippi rivers, however, form an easy communication with the sea. The productions are wheat, tobacco, maize, rye, and to a small extent, cotton. The inhabitants consist of the descendants of emigrants from the other States, and many from Europe. They are brave, frank, and hospitable.

Lexington is the largest town in the State, and has a population of 6,104. Frankfort, the capital, is situated on the Kentucky river, about 60 miles from its mouth, and is a flourishing place.

TENNESSEE.

The description of Kentucky may be also applied to this State, except that it is intersected by two noble rivers, the Tennessee and Cumberland, which are rarely frozen, and afford a great extent of boat navigation. Vegetation commences about six weeks earlier in this State than in New Hampshire, and continues about six weeks longer.

Nashville, the capital, is the largest town in the State. In this place is Cumberland College.

---

SOUTHERN STATES.

That part of the Southern States near the Atlantic ocean and the gulf of Mexico is low and sandy. The greater portion of this section of the country is barren, except the parts near the rivers, which are exceedingly fertile. After proceeding towards the interior about 75 or 100 miles, the country becomes mountainous and productive.

Tobacco, cotton, rice and sugar are the staple productions. The owners of the lands where these articles are cultivated are called planters, and the labor of the plantations is performed by slaves.

The climate of this part of the United States is various. In Virginia and Maryland the heat of summer is not extreme, and a small quantity of snow only, falls during the winter. In the most southwardly States snow is exceedingly rare in winter, and the heat is intense in the summer months.

The commerce and manufactures of these States are very limited, and to agriculture, almost the whole attention of the inhabitants is directed. Their tobacco, cotton, and all their exports are sent out in ships owned in the Northern States. The reason for this probably is, that the cultivation of the staple productions is more profitable than commerce.

The inhabitants of the Southern States, residing on large plantations, are so much separated from one another, that it is impossible to carry into effect a system of education so extensive as that of the Northern States, and of course the people generally, are not so well informed. The higher classes are, however, well educated.

VIRGINIA.

Is the oldest State in the Union, having been first settled in the year 1607, and is celebrated as being the birth-place of General George Washington, the brightest model of a great and good man and patriot, of which the world can boast.

The cut on this page presents a view of his residence, situated on the Potomack river, nine miles below Alexandria, where he spent his time, when not actively engaged in the service of his country.

This State includes a surface larger than that of England. The soil of the Eastern coast is sandy and the climate unhealthy; while the interior parts are fertile and healthy, and inhabited by a race of men, very vigorous and exceedingly tall. The Virginians are hospitable, and are noted for cherishing their talented statesmen.

In amount of commerce Virginia, though first in size, ranks only as the eighth State. Wheat, corn, and tobacco are the most important articles of export.

Richmond, the capital, is situated at the falls on St. James river. It is a handsome city.

Norfolk, on Elizabeth river, is the chief commercial town of the State.

NORTH CAROLINA.

Closely resembles Virginia in climate, soil and character of its inhabitants. The Carolinians in the lower country, are mostly planters, and in the upper country, farmers. The coast of North Carolina abounds in sand banks and islands, which render navigation dangerous, and its commerce is conducted at the seaports of the neighboring States.

The towns of this State are small, Newbern, with a population of 4000, being the largest.

SOUTH CAROLINA.

Exhibits the characteristics peculiar to the Southern States, in a greater degree than any other. The planters of this State are the most wealthy of their class, and require a greater number of slaves to cultivate their fertile and extensive plantations. In this State only does the number of slaves exceed the white population. According to the last census, more than one half of the inhabitants are slaves.

Cotton is the great staple of this state. It is of three kinds. Sea Island cotton, which grows on the islands and in the low country;—Upland cotton, which is cultivated in the mountainous interior country;—and the Nankin cotton, which retains its peculiar color as long as it can be worn. Of these the Sea Island is the most esteemed. Rice is extensively cultivated on the shores of the rivers and bays. Limes, oranges, lemons, figs, &c. are produced.

The commerce of South Carolina exceeds that of all the other Southern States except Louisiana, the leading articles of export being cotton and rice, to which may be added pitch, tar, timber, turpentine, indigo and tobacco.

GEORGIA, MISSISSIPPI, ALABAMA,
AND LOUISIANA.

These States nearly resemble each other, and have the same productions with the other Southern States; and in addition, the sugar cane is extensively cultivated. Louisiana is the most commercial of the Southern States, having at New Orleans an excellent harbor, and many other natural advantages.

New Orleans is the commercial capital of that richest country in the world, through which the Mississippi and its tributaries flow. This city is unhealthy during the warm season, but enjoys a most excellent situation for commerce and trade. The introduction of steam boats has contributed greatly to the growth of New Orleans, by affording an expeditious mode of communicating with its back country. Its inhabitants are a mixed race of French, Americans, Spaniards, and Germans.

---

TERRITORIES.

The Territory of Florida has a great similarity to the Southern States generally. It is well stocked with timber, and furnishes a great quantity for ship building. Its climate and soil are well adapted to the growth of sugar cane, coffee, cotton and rice.

Arkansas Territory is in the eastern part flat and swampy—in the western uneven—and in the middle pleasant and healthful.

The North West Territory has been but little explored; it is chiefly in possession of the Indians. Green Bay and Prairie du Chien are the chief settlements. Lead mines are found here.

Michigan Territory. The climate is severe, and the winter lasts from the middle of November to March. The face of the country is level, and the productions are wheat, maize, oats, barley and potatoes. The Southern part only is, at present, settled. Detroit the capital has a large fur trade.

Missouri Territory is an immense tract of land, stretching from the States and Territories bordering on the western side of the Mississippi river to the Rocky Mountains; almost the whole of it is in possession of the Indians, the United States having only two military posts, one at Council Bluffs, and one on St. Peter’s River. This tract is valuable to Americans on account of the numerous wild animals found, from which furs are obtained.

Oregon Territory extends from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. This great region is also chiefly in possession of the Indians, although there is an American settlement on the Columbia river, called Astoria. Exertions are now making to induce people to emigrate from the States to this part of our country, which is said to be a healthy and fertile region, and to offer superior advantages for commerce and manufactures.

[Click anywhere on chart for high resolution image.]

NOTE. Besides the above-mentioned Canals, there are others in progress, or on the point of commencement, in the United States, amounting, probably, to 1500 miles.

RAIL-ROADS.

Miles.
Baltimore and Ohio,	340
Charleston and Hamburg, S. C.	135
Columbia and Philadelphia, Pa.	81½
Portsmouth and Roanoke, Va. & N. C.	80
Baltimore & Susquehannah, Md.	76
Cattskill and Canajoharie, N. Y.	70
Lexington and Ohio river, Ky.	66
Camden and Amboy, N. J.	61
Petersburg and Roanoke, Va.	60
Harrisburg & Chambersburg, Pa.	48
Boston and Worcester, Mass.	43½
Boston and Providence, Mass.	43
Alleghany Portage, Pa.	37
Baltimore and Washington,	33
Ithaca and Oswego, N. Y.	29
Philadelphia and Trenton, Pa. & N. J.	26¾
Detroit and Pontiac, Mich. Ter.	25
Boston and Lowell, Mass.	25
Little Schuylkill, Pa.	23
Saratoga and Schenectady, N. Y.	20
Philadelphia & Norristown, Pa.	19
Newcastle and Frenchtown, Del. & Md.	16½
Albany and Schenectady, N. Y.	16
Lakens Valley, Pa.	16
Lackawaxen, Pa.	16
Patterson and Hudson, N. J.	16
Manchester, Va.	13
Schuylkill, Pa.	13
Altamaha and Brunswick, Geo.	12
Schuylkill Valley, Pa.	10
do. do. Laterals,	13
West Branch, Pa.	15
do. do. Laterals,	5
Mount Carbon, Pa.	9
do. do. Laterals,	4
Mauch Chunk, Pa.	9
do. do. Laterals,	4½
Pinegrove,	5
Louisiana,	4
Lake Ponchartrain, La.	4½
Mile Creek, Pa.	4
do. do. Laterals,	3
Quincy, Mass.	4
Providence and Stonington, R. I. & Ct.	47
Boston and Salem, Mass.	14

NOTE. Many others are in progress in
various Sections of the United States.

---

The following Chart, combining much general information, is intended more for reference than for study; yet the instructer will propose such questions as may be thought useful; especially in relation to the state in which the learner may reside.

STATES.	Total Population	Number of Slaves.	Seats of Government, with Population.		[3] Electors of President and Vice Pres. of the United States, chosen in state by
Maine,	399,462	none	Augusta,	3,980	Districts
New Hampshire,	269,533	none	Concord,	3,727	Gen. Ticket
Vermont,	280,679	none	Montpelier,	1,193	Do.
Massachusetts,	610,014	none	Boston,	61,392	Do.
Connecticut,	297,711	23	New Haven,	10,180	Do.
			Hartford,	7,076
Rhode Island,	97,210	14	Providence,	16,832	Do.
			Newport,	8,010
			S. Kingston,	3,663
			E. Greenwich,	1,591
			Bristol,	3,054
New York,	1,913,508	46	Albany,	24,238	Do.
New Jersey,	320,779	2,446	Trenton,	3,925	Do.
Pennsylvania,	1,347,672	386	Harrisburg,	4,311	Do.
Delaware,	76,739	3,305	Dover,*	1,200	Legislature
Maryland,	446,913	102,878	Annapolis,	2,623	Districts.
Ohio,	937,679	none	Columbus,	2,437	Gen. Ticket
Indiana,	341,582	none	Indianopolis,*	1,200	Do.
Illinois,	157,575	746	Vandalia,*	600	Do.
Missouri,	140,074	24,990	Jefferson,*	500	Do.
Kentucky,	688,844	165,350	Frankfort,	1,680	Do.
Tennessee,	684,822	142,382	Nashville,	5,566	Legislature
Virginia,	1,211,272	469,724	Richmond,	16,060	Gen. Ticket
North Carolina,	738,470	246,462	Raleigh,	1,700	Do.
South Carolina,	581,458	315,665	Columbia,	3,310	Legislature
Georgia,	516,567	217,470	Milledgeville,	1,599	Gen. Ticket
Alabama,	308,997	117,294	Tuscaloosa,	1,600	Do.
Mississippi,	136,806	65,659	Jackson,*	1,000	Do.
Louisiana,	215,575	109,631	New Orleans,	46,310	Legislature
Dis. of Columbia,	39,858	6,050	Washington,	18,827
Florida Territ’y,[4]	34,723	15,510	Tallahassee,*	1,000
Michigan do.	31,260	27	Detroit,	2,222
Arkansas do.	30,383	4,578	Little Rock,*	600
Total,	12,856,165	2,010,436

The population is given according to the census of 1830, except those towns marked *, which were not particularized in the returns. The population of these is therefore taken from other late authorities.

STATES.	Governors.			[5] Senators.		[6] Representatives.
	Chosen by the	Years.	Salary.	No.	Years.	No.	Years.
Maine,	People	1	1,500	20	1	153	1
New Hampshire,	do.	1	1,200	12	1	229	1
Vermont,	do.	1	750			230	1
Massachusetts,	do.	1	3,666 ?	40	1	481	1
Connecticut,	do.	1	1,100	21	1	208	1
Rhode Island,	do.	1	400	10	1	72	½
New York,	do.	2	4,000	32	4	128	1
New Jersey,	Legis.	1	2,000	14	1	50	1
Pennsylvania,	People	3	4,000	33	4	100	1
Delaware,	do.	3	1,333 ?	9	3	21	1
Maryland,	Legis.	1	3,500	15	5	80	1
Ohio,	People	2	1,200	36	2	72	1
Indiana,	do.	3	1,000	23	3	63	1
Illinois,	do.	4	1,000		4		2
Missouri,	do.	4	1,500	18	4	49	2
Kentucky,	do.	4	2,000	38	4	100	1
Tennessee,	do.	2	2,000	20	2	60	2
Virginia,	Legis.	3	3,333 ?	32	4	134	1
North Carolina,	do.	1	2,000	64	1	134	1
South Carolina,	do.	2	3,900	45	4	124	2
Georgia,	People	2	3,000	78	1	142	1
Alabama,	do.	2	2,000	22	3	72	1
Mississippi,	do.	2	2,500	11	3	36	1
Louisiana,	do.	4	7,500	17	4	50	2

STATES.	Time of holding Elections of State Officers.	Time of Meeting of the State Legislatures.
Maine,	2d Monday in Sept.	1st Wednesday in January.
New Hampshire,	2d Tues. in March.	1st Wednesday in June.
Vermont,	1st Tues. in Sept.	2d Thursday in October.
Massachusetts,	2d Mond. in Nov.	1st Wednesday in January.
Connecticut,	1st Mond. in April.	1st Wed. May, alternately
		at Hart. and New Haven.
Rhode Island,	Governor and	1st Wed. May; and in June.
	Senators in April.
	Representatives in	Last Wed. Oct. and in Jan.
	April and Aug.
New York,	October or Nov.	1st Tuesday in January.
New Jersey,	2d Tues. in Oct.	4th Tuesday in October.
Pennsylvania,	2d Tues. in Oct.	1st Tuesday in December.
Delaware,	1st Tues. in Oct.	1st Tues. in Oct.
Maryland,	1st Monday in Oct.	Last Monday in December.
Ohio,	2d Tuesday in Oct.	1st Monday in December.
Indiana,	1st Mond. in Aug.	1st Monday in December.
Illinois,	1st Mond. in Aug.	1st Mon. Dec. every 2d yr.
Missouri,	1st Mond. in Aug.	1st Mon. Nov. every 2d yr.
Kentucky,	1st Mond. in Aug.	1st Monday in November.
Tennessee,	1st Thurs. in Aug.	3d Mon. Sept. every 2d yr.
Virginia,	In month of April.	1st Monday in December.
North Carolina,	Generally in Aug.	2d Monday in November.
South Carolina,	2d Mond. in Oct.	4th Monday in November.
Georgia,	1st Mond. in Oct.	1st Monday in November.
Alabama,	1st Mond. in Aug.	4th Monday in October.
Mississippi,	1st Mond. in Aug.	1st Monday in November.
Louisiana,	1st Mond. in July.	1st Monday in January.

---

[Click anywhere on map for high resolution image.]

Published by Robert S. Davis Boston. H. Morse Sc.