PLATE L.

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EMPUSA PENNICORNIS.

Plate L. fig. 1.

Order: Orthoptera. Section: Cursoria. Family: MantidÆ.

Genus. Empusa, Latr. Serv. Gongylus, Thunberg. Mantis, Fabr. Drury.

Empusa Pennicornis. Capite subulato, prothorace longissimo, femoribus anticis fusco trifasciatis, alis virescentibus. (Long. Corp. 2 unc. 1½ lin.)

Syn. Mantis pectinata, Drury, App. vol. 2.

Empusa pectinicornis, Fabr. Ent. 2. 25. Oliv. Enc. MÉth. No. 32. Serville Revis. Orthopt. 21. (nec Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 2. 691. No. 10.)

Habitat: Jamaica.

Head yellowish brown; the upper part terminating in a point like a strong spine. AntennÆ strongly pectinated or combed, and about half the length of the thorax. Thorax long and slender, flat on the under side, and rounded at top. Tegmina very thin, green, and almost transparent; extending, when closed, beyond the abdomen. Wings green, transparent, towards the tips brownish, being near the same length as their cases. Abdomen about the length of the thorax, and near the extremity three times its breadth. Fore legs brownish yellow, with dark spots on them. Trochanters terminating in a thick spine; femora on the outer side furnished with two rows of spines, and a deep groove between them, which seems formed for receiving the tibiÆ when closed up, like as the blade of a razor is received in the haft. TibiÆ furnished at the extremity with a strong spine, bending inwards, from whence the tarsi arise. Middle and hinder legs furnished with two spines at the tips of the tibiÆ, and at the tips of the femora with one; having four small membranes almost joining to them.

This insect has been considered by all writers as identical with the LinnÆan Mantis pectinicornis; but as that insect is described by LinnÆus as an inhabitant of China, and the former as found in Jamaica, I have thought it more correct to restore the name of pectinicornis to the LinnÆan insect, and give that figured by Drury another denomination.

EMPUSA GONGYLODES.

Plate L. fig. 2.

Order: Orthoptera. Section: Cursoria. Family: MantidÆ.

Genus. Empusa, Latr. Serv. Gongylus, Thunberg. Mantis, Fabr. Drury.

Empusa Gongylodes. Capite subulato, prothorace antice dilatato, trochanteribus anticis spinÂ, femoribus quatuor posticis lobo terminatis. (Long. Corp. 3 unc. 4½ lin.)

Syn. Mantis Gongylodes, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 2. 690. 4. Stoll. Mant. t. 16. f. 58. 59. 61. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 2. 17. 17. Serville Revis. Orthopt. 21. Roesel. Ins. 2. Gryll. tab. 7.

Habitat: Madras (and Philadelphia, sed? Drury). Africa, Asia (Fabricius). East India (Serville).

Head yellow, exactly resembling the colour of a withered leaf, and inclining downwards; terminating at top in a spine, with a small membrane on each side. AntennÆ short, and thread-like; about the length of the head. Thorax very slender, flat at bottom, rounded at top, and grooved on the sides; being about the length of the abdomen, exactly representing a twig of a tree, being furnished on each side next the head with a thin yellow membrane of an angulated shape. Tegmina yellow, about two-thirds the length of the abdomen; the edges are margined, and the principal tendons by which they are united to the body extend like the rib of a leaf from the base to the extremity; several other smaller ribs or tendons branching out from the first, make them the exact figures of the leaves of trees. Wings green and transparent, except on the anterior edges, and rather shorter than the tegmina. Abdomen yellow, broad towards the extremity, but where it joins the thorax it is narrow, terminating at the anus in a short point; having two smaller ones above it on the last segment but one. Middle and hind legs greyish brown, and shaped exactly like the twig of a tree; the former being furnished at the tips of the tibiÆ with three small spines, and the latter with two; each of the femora has a single spine to it, and close thereto are placed three membranes; two on the fore part, smaller than that behind, which is circular and remarkably thin. Fore legs yellow, with brown spots or clouds on them. Trochanters flat and thin, and ending in a short strong spine, a little crooked. Femora broad, and on the outer side thick and hollow, with two rows of spines; but on the inner side very thin and smooth. TibiÆ joining to the shins, long and triangular; the under side being hollow, and furnished with two rows of small teeth like hairs; the extremity terminating in a long sharp spine, from whence issue the tarsi. Middle and hind legs furnished with two spines at the tips of the tibiÆ.

BACTERIA LINEARIS.

Plate L. fig. 3.

Order: Orthoptera. Section: Cursoria. Family: PhasmidÆ. (Spectra, Latr.)

Genus. Bacteria, Latr. Mantis, Drury.

Bacteria Linearis. ObscurÈ fusca (viridis insecto viventi) pedibus gracilibus simplicibus. (Long. Corp. 2 unc. 4½ lin.)

Syn. Mantis linearis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Gray Syn. Phasm. p. 17. (Bacteria? l.)

Habitat: Antigua.

This insect resembles a parcel of straws united together, being entirely wingless, and is indeed, but incorrectly, stated by Drury to be the larva of an insect like that at Fig. 1. Its general colour, as he was informed, is green; but having received it in spirits, it had become of a dusky brown colour. Head small and long, reaching almost to the fore legs. Eyes round and black. AntennÆ like hairs; being as long as the insect itself. Body, which extends from where the hinder legs are placed, consisting of nine segments, almost as long as the remaining part of the insect; those legs being fixed nearly in the middle, at a small distance from whence are placed the middle legs.

This insect belongs to a singular and numerous family, known to collectors by the names of Spectres, or Walking-stick insects; and others, Walking-leaves, from the strong resemblance which they exhibit to pieces of dried sticks and detached leaves.

The insect here figured appears to be in an immature state, and would probably in its final state have acquired wings. Our author appears to have been aware of this, but he incorrectly describes it as the caterpillar of an insect like that at Fig. 1.

END OF VOL. I.

G. NORMAN, PRINTER, MAIDEN LANE, COVENT GARDEN.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

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