(Including Terms of Rhetoric, Grammar, Prosody, Music, Phonetics, and Literary Criticism)

In the Glossary, as in the Notes, the following abbreviations are used:—

Long. = ‘Longinus on the Sublime.’
D.H. = ‘Dionysius of Halicarnassus: the Three Literary Letters.’
Demetr. = ‘Demetrius on Style.’

??e????. 90 20, 170 9, etc. Ignoble, mean: in reference to style. Lat. ignobilis, degener.

????a???. 262 20. Vulgar, colloquial, mechanical. Lat. circumforaneus, circulatorius. Cp. Lucian de conscrib. hist. § 44 ?te ?p????t??? ?a? ??? p?t?? ???as? ?te t??? ????a???? t??t??? ?a? ?ap???????.

????st??f??. 212 20. Quick-changing, flexible. Lat. mutabilis. Instances of its rhetorical use are cited in Long. p. 194. The word has more warrant as a term of rhetoric than ??t????p??, which is given by F.

?????. 68 1, training. 194 9, sequence, movement. 244 24, cast, or tendency. Cp. some uses of Lat. ductus. Other examples in D.H. p. 184: to which may be added de Isocr. c. 12 and de Thucyd. c. 27; Macran’s Harmonics of Aristoxenus pp. 121, 143; Strabo xiv. 1. 41 pa?af?e??a? t?? t?? p??t???? e??p???? ??????, and (later) ?pe??sat? t?? ?????? t?? pa?? t??? ???a?d??? d?a???t?? ?a? t?? ???p???a?.—In 124 10 the adjective ?????? is used (as in Eurip. Hec. 536, Troad. 1131) with the genitive in the sense provocative of, conducive to: cp. de Demosth. c. 55 ? d? t?? t????t?? ?sta? pa??? ?????. [In Troad. 1131 Dindorf, ed. v., gives ?????? without comment, against the MSS.]

????. 252 2, 262 23. Contest, pleading, trial. Lat. certamen, actio. Cp. Long. p. 194, D.H. p. 184, Demetr. p. 263.

?d???s???. 272 19, 22. Garrulous. Lat. loquax. Cp. Demetr. p. 263.

??d??. 100 7, 124 19, etc. Unpleasant, disagreeable. Lat. iniucundus, molestus. Similarly ??d?a, 132 21, 134 14.

??????. 222 2. Compressed, concentrated. Lat. consertus, stipatus. In the passage specified it would seem that Dionysius compares the issue of the breath to the exit of people through a narrow door, whereby they are crowded together. The sound of p, which is under discussion, approaches whistling; and that is the maximum of breath-compression.

a??es??. 70 15, 198 3, 8, 246 17. School, following. Lat. secta.

a?s??s??. 130 17, 134 11, 152 15, 218 1. Sense, perception. Lat. sensus. So a?s??t??, perceptible, 152 22, 206 6, etc.; and a?s??t??, perceptibly, 126 20, 202 18.

??at?st??f??. 232 1. Without rounding or conclusion. Lat. idonei exitus expers. Used of a period which does not turn back upon itself—which is, in fact, not a pe???d??. Cp. the use of e??atast??f?? in Demetr. de Eloc. § 10.

??at???ast??. 208 25. Unnamed, nameless. Lat. appellationis expers.

????ast??. 230 18. Unmixed, or incapable of mixture. Lat. non permixtus, s. qui permisceri non potest.

????. 70 3, 118 23, 146 8, etc. The sense of hearing: ‘the ear.’ Lat. auditus. So ????as??, 116 19, 198 8, etc.

??????t??. 218 13. Uncompacted, or incapable of being compacted. Lat. non compactus, s. qui compingi non potest.

????????a. 212 22, 232 20, 254 17. Sequence, the orderly progression of words. Lat. consecutio, ordo, series. ?? p?????? ?pe??pt??? t?? ????????a?, 212 22 = prone to anacolouthon. Cp. Long. p. 102, D.H. p. 184, Demetr. p. 263. Similarly ????????? is used of what follows naturally, 130 9, 228 17, etc.

????e?t??. 212 23, 232 21. Unadorned. Lat. incomptus. Used of a style which is sans recherche, sans parure. Cp. Cic. Orat. 24. 78 “nam ut mulieres esse dicuntur non nullae inornatae, quas id ipsum deceat, sic haec subtilis oratio etiam incompta delectat.”

?????f??. 230 31. Without a capital or beginning. Lat. sine fastigio, sine initio. Used of a period without a proper beginning and therefore imperfectly rounded: whereas true periods are e?????f?? ?a? st??????a? ?spe? ?p? t????? (de Demosth. c. 43).

????e?a. 118 10, 206 8, 266 11, etc. Exactitude, precision, finish. Lat. perfectio, absolutio, subtilitas. Used of an ars exquisita, a style soignÉ. So ?????? 196 15, and ??????? 94 14 and 242 9. Cp. D.H. p. 184, and Demetr. p. 264 (where the slightly depreciatory sense of ‘correctness,’ ‘nicety,’ is also illustrated: cp. C.V. 274 22).

????st????. 142 17. The edge of the mouth or lips. Lat. summum os, labrorum margo. Cp. 148 22 t?? ???tt?? ???? t? st?at? p??se?e?d????? ?at? t??? ete????? ?d??ta?.

?????st??. 234 23. Without members or clauses. Lat. sine membris. Used of a period not divided, or jointed, into clauses.

????e?a. 198 26. Human experience. Lat. veritas vitae, usus rerum, vita, usus. The actual facts of life are meant, as opposed to the theories of the schools. Cp. de Isaeo c. 18 ?t? ?? d??e? ??s?a? ?? t?? ????e?a? (‘the truth of nature,’ ‘a natural simplicity’) d???e?? ?????, ?sa??? d? t?? t?????.

??????. 66 18, 146 14, 152 15, 174 2, 3, 206 13, 244 22. Irrational; unguided by reason; subconscious; incalculable; instinctive; spontaneous. Lat. rationis expers. With the use in 146 14 (where the Epitome has ??????) may be compared the process by which ?????? in Modern Greek has come to mean ‘horse.’ With ?????? a?s??s?? in 152 15 and 244 22 cp. the use of “tacitus sensus” in Cic. de Orat. iii. 195 “omnes enim tacito quodam sensu sine ulla arte aut ratione quae sint in artibus ac rationibus recta ac prava diiudicant” and Orat. 60. 203 “aures ipsae tacito eum (modum) sensu sine arte definiunt”: see also de Lysia c. 11, de Demosth. c. 24, de Thucyd. c. 27. For the doctrine of ?????a in relation to metre see p. 154 supra and Goodell Greek Metric pp. 109 ff. (with references to Aristoxenus, Westphal, etc., pp. 150 ff.). The notion of incommensurability is, of course, present in the term: cp. Aristox. p. 292 ???sta? d? t?? p?d?? ??ast?? ?t?? ???? t??? ? ?????? t??a?t?, ?t?? d?? ????? ??????? t? a?s??se? ??? ?s?? ?sta?, which Goodell (p. 110) translates, “each of the feet is determined and defined either by a precise ratio or by an incommensurable ratio such that it will be between two ratios recognizable by the sense.”

?e?????. 176 11. Wanting in size or dignity. Lat. exilis. Cp. Long. de Sublim. xl. 2 ??? ??te? ?????? f?se?, ?p?te d? ?a? ?e???e??.

?et???. 74 4, 176 1, 21, etc. Unmetred, unmetrical. Lat. (oratio) soluta. It is interesting to note the variety of Dionysius’ expressions for ‘prose’ or ‘in prose’—????? ?et???, ????? pe??, ????? ????, ????? ?p???t??, ????? ?et???, ????? or ????? simply (272 9, 13), d??a ?t??? (252 20), ?e?t???? (258 3), etc. Cp. Plato Rep. 366 E, 390 A, etc.

???f?a. 184 18, 198 10. Unsightliness. Lat. deformitas. So ???f?? 92 16.

???s??. 74 11, 122 19. Rude, uncultured. Lat. insulsus, illiteratus, infacetus.

??d???. 206 22. Faint, obscure. Lat. subobscurus.

?f?????. 96 17. Ambiguous. Lat. dubius, ambiguus, qui in duos pluresve sensus verti potest.

?f??a???. 172 6, 184 11. Amphibrachys. The metrical foot ? – ?.

??a???. 164 5, 220 13. Retardation. Lat. mora, intervallum. So ??a???e?? 180 15, 216 18: cp. de Demosth. c. 54 (ta?t’ ?spe?s???? e?p?, ta?t’ ??ae??????), and c. 43.

??a?s??s?a. 184 21. Insensibility, stupidity. Lat. stupor. Compare ??a?s??t?? 190 8, and see the editor’s Ancient Boeotians pp. 4-8.

??a??p?. 164 5, 230 28, 232 16. Stoppage, clashing. Lat. impedimentum, offensio. Fr. refoulement. Cp. de Demosth. c. 38, and also the verb ??a??pte?? 222 9.

???pa?st??. 172 10, etc. Anapaest. The metrical foot ? ? –.

???pa??a. 196 11. Rest, pause. Lat. mora, intermissio. The ‘reliefs’ afforded by variety of structure, etc., are meant.

??ap???e??. 264 23. To bind up the hair. Lat. caesariem reticulo colligere.

??a?????. 212 21. Without joints or articles. Lat. sine articulis.

??d??d??. 174 17. Manly, virile. Lat. virilis. Cp. de Demosth. cc. 39, 43, and Quintil. v. 12. 18.

???d?ast??. 232 4. Unsteady. Lat. instabilis. Used of a period which has no proper base or termination. The opposite of ?d?a??? (Demetr. p. 277).

??ep?t?de?t??. 84 3, 212 13, 260 14. Unsought, unstudied. Lat. nullo studio delectus, non exquisitus. So ?????e?t?? 84 3: not picked with care.

??es??. 210 5. Loosening. Lat. remissio. Cp. Plato Rep. i. 349 E ?? t? ?p?t?se? ?a? ???se? t?? ???d?? p?e??e?te??, and ???eta? 126 5.

???????. 212 22 (cp. 208 26, 232 25). Florid. Lat. floridus. Fr. fleuri. Cp. Quintil. xii. 10. 58 “namque unum [dicendi genus] subtile, quod ?s???? vocant, alterum grande atque robustum, quod ?d??? dicunt, constituunt; tertium alii medium ex duobus, alii floridum (namque id ??????? appellant) addiderunt.” ‘Florid’ (like ‘flowery’) has acquired rather a bad sense, whereas the Greek word suggests ‘flower-like,’ ‘full of colour,’ ‘with delicate touches and associations.’

??t??et??. 246 6. Antithetic (s??at?s?? ... ??t??et??). Cp. Demetr. pp. 266, 267, s.v. ??t??es??.

??t?st??????. 164 6. Resistance, stumbling-block. Lat. impedimentum, obstaculum. Cp. de Demosth. c. 38 ??a??p?? ?a? ??t?st??????? ?a??e?? ?a? t?a??t?ta? ?? ta?? s?p???a?? t?? ????t?? ?p?st?f??sa? t?? ????? ?s??? [? a?st??a ?????a] ???eta?.

??t?st??f??. 174 2, 194 6, 9, 11, 278 9. Corresponding, counterpart. Lat. respondens. Frequently used by Dionysius of the second stanza (??t?st??f?, 254 18), sung by the Chorus in its counter-movement. Cp. schol. ad Aristoph. Plut. 253 eta?? t?? te st??f?? ?a? t?? ??t?st??f??: and de Demosth. c. 50 ??pe?ta p???? t??? a?t??? ?????? ?a? ?t???? ?p? t?? a?t?? st???? ? pe???d??, ?? ??t?st??f??? ???????s?, ??????.

??t?t?p?a. 202 25, 222 17, 224 15, 230 6, 232 6, 244 25. Repulsion, clashing, dissonance. Lat. conflictio, asperitas. So the adjective ??t?t?p?? in 162 23, 210 20, etc. Hesychius, ??t?t?p???? s???????.

??t???as?a. 70 19, 102 18. Pronoun. Lat. pronomen. In 108 14 ??t????a is found; and this (the more usual) form should perhaps be read throughout.

???a??a. 232 19. Unevenness. Lat. inaequalitas. Fr. inÉgalitÉ.

????a. 84 1, 120 23, 170 2, 174 19. Dignity. Lat. dignitas. Fr. dignitÉ. In 96 16 the sense is a proposition (pronuntiatum, Cic. Tusc. i. 7. 14; enuntiatio, Cic. de Fato 10. 20).—The adjective ????at???? (‘dignified’) occurs in 136 11, 168 6, etc., and the adverb ????at???? in 176 24.—In 88 13, 186 7, ????s?? = reputation, excellence.

?pa??e??a. 204 18. Narration. Lat. narratio. Sometimes the word is used, like ????e?a, of style (elocutio) in general: cp. de Demosth. c. 25, and Chrysostom (in a passage which, as revealing the pupil of Libanius and as illustrating many things in the C.V., may be quoted at some length): ??? d? e? ?? t?? ?e??t?ta ?s????t??? ?p?t???, ?a? t?? ???s?????? ?????, ?a? t?? T????d?d?? se??t?ta, ?a? t? ???t???? ????, ?de? f??e?? e?? ?s?? ta?t?? t?? ?a???? t?? a?t???a?. ??? d? ??e??a ?? p??ta ?f???, ?a? t?? pe??e???? t?? ????e? ?a???p?s??, ?a? ??d?? ?? f??se??, ??d? ?pa??e??a? ??e?? ???’ ???st? ?a? t? ???e? pt??e?e??, ?a? t?? s??????? t?? ????t?? ?p??? t??a e??a? ?a? ?sfa??, ???? ? t? ???se? t?? ?a? t? t?? d???t?? ????e?? ?d??t?? ?st? (de Sacerdotio iv. 6).—The verb ?pa?????e?? occurs in 200 9, 11.

?pa??fat??. 102 20. Infinitive. Lat. infinitivus (sc. modus). [The infinitive, unlike the indicative and other moods, does not indicate difference of meaning by means of inflexions denoting number and person. Whence the Greek name: cp. pa?efat????, p. 315 infra.]

?pa???e??. 268 8. To recount, to run over. Lat. percensere.

?pa?t??e??. 194 16. To round off, to complete. Lat. adaequare, absolvere. Cp. de Demosth. c. 50 ?a? ?t?a t? ?? ?p??t?s??a ?a? t??e?a, t? d’ ?te??: Ev. Luc. xiv. 28 t?? ??? ?? ???, ????? p????? ????d??sa?, ???? p??t?? ?a??sa? ??f??e? t?? dap????, e? ??e? t? p??? ?pa?t?s?? (completion); So ?at? ?pa?t?s??, in 246 18, means completely, absolutely, narrowly. In Classical Review xxiii. 82, the present writer has suggested that ?at? ?pa?t?s?? are the words missing in Oxyrhynchus Papyri vi. 116, where Grenfell and Hunt give ?? p??te? ?a? ?? ?[.............]?. ?e???t?a ?st??, or the like, may have preceded: cp. 152 26 supra (and note).

?pa??a?. 76 2. Firstfruits. Lat. primitiae. Used here in connexion with the verb p???e???s?e???, cum delibavero.

?pat????. 236 10. Seductive. Lat. suavis et oblectans, illecebrosus.

?pe????af??. 232 4. Not circumscribed. Lat. nullis limitibus circumscriptus.

?pe???d??. 234 23, 276 1. Without a period. Lat. periodo non absolutus.

?pe????e??. 130 1. To regulate. Lat. tamquam ad regulam dirigere.

?p????. 228 15. Crabbed, rugged. Lat. durus.

?p????. 144 8, 17, 176 3. Simple, uncompounded. Lat. simplex.

?p???t??. 70 4. In plain prose. Lat. prosaicus. Cp. s.v. ?et???.

?p???e?e??. 144 23. To shut off, to intercept. Lat. intercludere.

?p???pte??. 142 8, 230 19. To cut short. Lat. rescindere. So ?? ?p???p?? (142 3) = with a snap, abruptly. See the exx. given, s.v. ?p???p?, in Demetr. p. 268.

?p???at??e??. 240 22. To ruffle. Lat. reddere inquietum, fluctibus agitare.

?p????p??e??. 144 24, 150 1. To blow away. Lat. flatu abigere. In both these passages there is some manuscript support for ?p???ap??e??. In 144 24 the sense (with ?p???ap????s??) would be ‘to send out the breath in beats,’ ‘to cause the breath to vibrate.’

?p?t?a???e??. 218 9, 230 24. To roughen. Lat. exasperare.

?????. 210 22. Unwrought. Lat. rudis. In 250 8 ????a is used for ‘idleness,’ with reference to the Epicurean attitude towards the refinements of style.

??????. 70 17. Article. Lat. articulus. See D.H. pp. 185, 186; Demetr. p. 269. ?????? (‘joint’) and s??des?? (‘sinew’ or ‘ligament’) are terms borrowed from anatomy.

??????. 244 27. Numbers, cadences. Lat. numeri, numeri oratorii. Cp. de Demosth. c. 53 f??e ??? ?p??e??e?t? t?? p??f??es?a? t??sde t??? ???????? ??????? ?? d? ?a? ?e????? ?t?. As Aristotle (Rhet. iii. 8. 2) says, pe?a??eta? d? ????? p??ta? ? d? t?? s??at?? t?? ???e?? ?????? ????? ?st??, ?? ?a? t? ?t?a t?t?.

???ste?a. 182 12. Lead, supremacy. Lat. primas (dare).

???st?f??e???. 256 13, 258 9. Aristophanic. Lat. Aristophaneus. The reference is to the anapaestic tetrameter called ‘Aristophanic.’ Hephaestion (Ench. c. 8) explains the term thus: ?????ta? d? ???st?f??e???, ??? ???st?f????? a?t? e????t?? p??t??, ?pe? ?a? pa?? ??at??? ?st??

?a??ete da???e? ?? ?e?de?a? ????t??? ???a? ????????
???? d?? t? t?? ???st?f???? p???? a?t? ?e???s?a?.

?????. 112 13, 218 9, 236 5, 270 9. Junction, combination. Lat. coagmentatio.

?????a. 72 6, 9, 74 4, 10, 19, 84 9, 15, 90 5, 94 15, 104 19, 114 14, 17, 116 15, 20, passim. Adjustment, arrangement, balance, harmonious composition. Lat. apta structura, concinna orationis compositio, aptus ordo partium inter se cohaerentium. Fr. enchaÎnement. But, as distinguished from ????? or from s???es??, ?????a seems usually to connote ‘harmony’ in the more restricted (musical) sense of notes in fitting sequence: cp. our ‘arrangement’ of a song or piece of music. In fact, Dionysius’ three ?????a? might well be described as three ‘modes of composition,’ and ‘tune’ (the meaning which ?????a bears in Aristot. Rhet. iii. 1. 4) might sometimes serve as a suitable rendering even in reference to literary composition or oratorical rhythm. The original use of the word in Greek carpentry (which employed dovetailing in preference to nails) finds an excellent illustration in the words of a contemporary of Dionysius, Strabo (Geogr. iv. 4): d??pe? ?? s??????s? t?? ?????a? t?? sa??d??, ???’ ??a??ata ?ata?e?p??s??. We have perhaps no single English word which can, like ?????a, incline, according to the context, to the literal sense (‘a fitting,’ ‘a juncture’), or to the metaphorical meaning (‘harmony,’ as ‘harmony’ was understood by the Greeks); but see T. Wilson’s definition of ‘composition’ under s???es??, p. 326 infra, and compare one of the definitions of ‘harmony’ in the New English Dictionary: “pleasing combination or arrangement of sounds, as in poetry or in speaking: sweet or melodious sound.”—The verb ???tte?? is found in 98 6, 104 17, etc.

???e?????. 106 21. Of the masculine gender. Lat. masculinus.

??t???a. 140 21, 142 4, 144 5, 20, 148 17. Windpipe. Lat. arteria.

???a?s??. 212 23. A touch of antiquity. Lat. sermonis prisci imitatio. Cp. ???a????, 216 20, 228 8. So ???a??p?ep? s??ata (236 8) = figurae orationis quae vetustatem redolent. As Quintilian (viii. 3. 27) says, “quaedam tamen adhuc vetera vetustate ipsa gratius nitent.” Cp. D.H. p. 186 (s.v. ???a??p?ep??) and Demetr. p. 269 (s.v. ???a??e?d??): also de Demosth. c. 48.

???a?. 136 22, 140 13. First beginnings. Lat. principia.

?se???. 110 20, 170 20, 176 12, 192 11. Undignified. Lat. dignitatis expers, minime venerandus. Cp. D.H. p. 269.

?s???. 256 22, 262 6. Unnoticed. Lat. obscurus.

?s????. 148 1. Without a sigma. Lat. carens littera sigma.

?sa. 196 2. Song, lay. Lat. carmen, canticum.

?s?et???. 124 8, 236 1. Incommensurable, disproportionate, incorrect. Lat. incommensurabilis, sine iusta proportione, inconcinnus. So ?s?et??a 232 19. Some good illustrations (drawn from Cicero) of constructions symÉtriques will be found in Laurand’s Études sur le style des discours de CicÉron pp. 118-21.

?s???t??. 218 12. Unblended, or incapable of being blended. Lat. non permixtus, s. qui permisceri non potest.

?s?f????. 122 23. Out of tune. Lat. dissonus.

?ta?t??. 156 20, 254 16. Disordered, irregular. Lat. perturbatus, nullo ordine compositus, incompositus.

?t?p?a. 130 26. Awkwardness, clumsiness. Lat. rusticitas, ineptia.

a???d??. 228 9. Wilful, headstrong, unbending. Lat. ferox, pertinax. Cp. Long. de Subl. xxxii. 3 ? d? ???s????? ??? ??t?? ?? a???d?? ?spe? ??t?? (sc. ? T????d?d??), ?t?.

a????ast??. 212 23. Outspoken, downright. Lat. rigidus. In Plutarch’s Cato c. 6 Cato is described as ?pa?a?t?t?? ?? ?? t? d??a?? ?a? t??? ?p?? t?? ??e???a? p??st??as?? ?????? ?a? a????ast?? (cp. the rigida innocentia attributed to him by Livy xxxix. 40. 10). In Aristotle (Eth. Nic. iv. 7. 4) the a????ast?? hits the mean between the ??a??? and the e????.

a????. 142 2. Passage, channel. Lat. meatus.

a?st????. 208 26, 210 15, 216 17, 21, 228 15, 232 22, 248 9. Austere, severe. Lat. severus (cp. Quintil. ix. 4. 97, 120, 128). Compare the antithetic expressions quoted from Dionysius in D.H. p. 186, and add de Demosth. c. 38 init. Also see s.v. st??f???, p. 323 infra.

a?t?????. 212 17, 282 2. Sufficient, self-sufficing. Lat. sufficiens, per se sufficiens.

a?t??a. 98 7, 194 2, 256 7, 268 6. To begin with, for example. Lat. exempli gratia.

a?t?at??. 256 19. Self-acting, spontaneous. Lat. spontaneus, ultroneus. Cp. a?t??t?? 212 12; a?t?at??e?? 204 5; a?t?at?s?? 218 3, 258 1, 24. In 256 19 ?? t?? a?t??t?? = sponte sua, fortuito.

a?t?s??d???. 212 1, 260 14, 262 3. Improvised. Lat. fortuitus, extemporalis, inelaboratus, tumultuarius. So a?t?s?ed??? 260 25, and a?t?s?ed???e?? 256 19 (p???? ??? a?t?s?ed???e? ?t?a ? f?s?? = multos versus sponte solet natura effundere). Cp. Demetr. p. 270 s.v. a?t?s?ed???e??, and see s??d??? p. 327 infra.

a?t?te???. 118 6, 140 1. Complete in itself, absolute. Lat. perfectus, absolutus. So a?t?te??? 140 3. The meaning of the word is well illustrated by Diodorus Siculus xii. 1 init. ??te ??? t?? ????????? ??a??? ??d?? ????????? e???s?eta? ded????? t??? ?????p??? ??te t?? ?a??? a?t?te??? ??e? e????st?a?.

a?t??????. 196 15. Self-wrought, rudely wrought. Lat. rudis. Cp. de Demosth. c. 39 (as quoted s.v. s??apa?t??e??, p. 325 infra).—The active sense of a?t?????? finds a good illustration in Euripides’ well-known line: a?t??????, ??pe? ?a? ???? s????s? ??? (Orest. 920).

?fa??es??. 104 20, 114 12, 116 17. Deduction, abridgment. Lat. detractio. In 116 17 t?? ?fa???se?? d? t?? (t??p??) almost = ‘what is the nature of ellipsis?’ As line 18 shows, something necessary to the sense is supposed to be omitted: e.g. the presence of a?t?? in 116 22 implies a contrast with ?te??? (118 1).

?fa???e??. 166 10, 260 1, 272 2. To put out of sight. Lat. abscondere.

?fe???. 212 14. Simple, plain. Lat. simplex, subtilis. Cp. D.H. p. 187.

?f???. 96 23. Starting-point. Lat. initium, principium. Cp. Dionys. Hal. Antiq. Rom. i. 4 t?? ???d??? ?e?????? ?a?’ ??? p??e??, ?d????? p??? ?a? tape???? t?? p??ta? ?f???? ?a??s??.

?f??d?t?. 74 13. Beauty. Lat. venustas, venus. Cp. de Lysia c. 11 ??? d? ?de?a? ?d???? ?d? ?f??d?t?? ? t?? ???e?? ?a?a?t?? ???, d?s?p? ?a? ?p?pte?? ?p?t’ ?? ??s??? ? ?????, ?a? ????t? ????a? t?? ?????? a?s??s??: also c. 18 ibid.

?f????. 138 13, 140 3, 146 5, 148 11, 20, 220 10. Voiceless, mute. Lat. vocis expers, mutus. From the standpoint of the modern science of phonetics, in which the term ‘voiceless’ is reserved for sounds that are not accompanied by a vibration of the vocal chords, it might be well in the translation of this word to substitute ‘non-vocalic’ for ‘voiceless,’ and ‘vocalic’ for ‘voiced.’

??a???. 110 20, 146 12. Graceless. Lat. invenustus.

a??e??. 86 1. To scan. Lat. scandere. Cp. Aristot. Metaph. xiii. 6, 1093 a 30 a??eta? d? [t? ?p??] ?? ?? t? de??? ????a s???aa??, ?? d? t? ???ste?? ??t?.—In 236 4 e???? is used of a firm, regular tread: Lat. incedere.

a??e???. 174 23, 180 12, 182 19. Bacchius. The metrical foot – – ?.

a???. 126 6, 8, 10, 16, 128 5, 8. Grave (accent), low (pitch). Lat. gravis. Cp. Monro Modes of Ancient Greek Music p. 113: “Our habit of using Latin translations of the terms of Greek grammar has tended to obscure the fact that they belong in almost every case to the ordinary vocabulary of music. The word for ‘accent’ (t????) is simply the musical term for ‘pitch’ or ‘key.’ The words ‘acute’ (????) and ‘grave’ (a???) mean nothing more than ‘high’ and ‘low’ in pitch. A syllable may have two accents, just as in music a syllable may be sung with more than one note.” So a??t?? 126 13 = ‘low pitch.’—In 120 23 and 236 8 ???? = ‘gravity’ (in the sense of ‘dignity’), Fr. gravitÉ.

?s??. 142 13, 210 22, 212 16, 220 4, 230 31, 232 4, 234 7. Base. Lat. basis, fundamentum.—The word is specially used of a measured step or metrical movement,—of a rhythmical clause in a period and particularly of its rhythmical close (Lat. clausula). In 230 30 and 232 5 it is the iambic endings p???e?e?????? and d?a????e??? that are considered objectionable (???d?ast??, ?pe????af??: endings such as p??e?a? and ????s??t?? would be regarded as ?sfa?e??, de Demosth. cc. 24, 26). Terminations of this kind will be avoided in a style (like the ??af??? s???es??) which desires t?? pe???d?? t?? te?e?t?? e??????? e??a?,—desires that the chutes of the periods should be nombreuses.—Further light on the meaning of ?s?? will be found in de Demosth. cc. 24, 39, 43, 45.

?st?????e??. 264 22. To curl, to dress the hair. Lat. crines calamistro convertere. Cp. the use of concinni in Cic. de Orat. iii. 25. 100.

???es?a?. 220 9, 234 5, 14, 19, 236 4, 7, etc. To aim, to aspire. Lat. studere. Cp. D.H. p. 187, Demetr. p. 271. This meaning (‘aims at being,’ ‘tends to be’) is, of course, Platonic and Aristotelian.

?a??s???a??. 168 17. Consisting of short syllables. Lat. brevibus syllabis constans.

?a??t??. 150 22, 154 6. Shortness. Lat. brevitas.

???es??. 138 3. Origin. t?? ???es?? ?a??e? = Lat. originem sumit.

?e?????. 68 20, 118 21, 208 21. General, generic. Lat. generalis.

?e??a???. 68 4, 136 13, 146 10, 148 9, 172 1, 176 9, 10. Noble. Lat. generosus. Such English renderings as ‘virile,’ ‘robust,’ ‘gallant,’ ‘splendid,’ ‘high-spirited’ may also be suggested. In Plato Rep. ii. 372 B ??a? ?e??a?a? = ‘lordly cakes’; in Long. de Subl. xv. 7 ?? ?e??a??? = ‘fine, grand, gallant fellows.’ Cp. C.V. 170 9 a?a??te??? ?at???? ?a? ??e???ste???.

??af????. 136 14, 208 26, 212 16, 216 20, 232 25, 248 9. Smooth, polished, elegant. Lat. politus, ornatus, elegans. Fr. ÉlÉgant, ornÉ, poli. Cp. Demetr. p. 272, and de Isocr. c. 2 ? ??? ???? ??t?? t?? e??pe?a? ?? pa?t?? d???e? ?a? t?? ??af???? ???e?? st????eta? ????? ? t?? ?fe???, and de Demosth. c. 40 ? d? et? ta?t?? ? ??af??? ?a? ?eat???? ?a? t? ????? a??????? p?? t?? se??? t??a?t?.

????a??e??. 130 18, 134 10, 154 12. To touch with sweetness. Lat. delenire, voluptate perfundere. Cp. ?????t?? 120 21, ?????? 146 9.

???pt??. 264 18. Carven, chiselled. Lat. caelatus. So ???f?, carving, 120 1.

???tta. 78 17. An unfamiliar term. Lat. vocabulum inusitatum. So ???tt?at????, 252 23, 272 11, and D.H. p. 187, s.v. Obsolete, or obsolescent, words (mots surannÉs) are often meant.—In 80 17 ???tta = d???e?t?? (88 26).

???te?e??. 122 16, 134 13. To entice. Lat. pellicere.

???a. 130 21, 138 5, etc. Letter of the alphabet. Lat. littera. ? ??aat??? (140 11) = grammar; ??aa? (138 2) = the lines, or strokes, from which ???ata are formed. In 264 18 ??apt?? = written.

??af?. 68 12, 184 18, 186 1, 206 23, 228 12. Writing, composition (in the wider sense). In 118 24 and 234 13 ??afa? = pictures.

???as?a. 206 24, 282 2, 4. Exercise, lesson. Lat. exercitatio. So ?????e?? (134 4), to practise, to train.

d??t????. 84 21, 172 16, 202 19. Dactyl. The metrical foot – ? ?.

das??. 148 12, 13, 18, 19, 150 3, 12. Rough, aspirated. Lat. asper. So das?t?? 148 21, 150 2 and das??e?? 148 8. Cp. Aristot. Poet. c. 20 for das?t?? and ????t??, and see A. J. Ellis English, Dionysian, and Hellenic Pronunciations of Greek pp. 45, 46, where das?? and ????? are translated by ‘rough’ and ‘smooth,’ which seems the safest course to follow when (as here) the terminology of Dionysius’ phonetics is full of difficulties. Aristotle (De audibilibus 804 b 8) defines thus: dase?a? d’ e?s? t?? f???? ?sa?? ?s??e? t? p?e?a e????? s??e?????e? et? t?? f??????, ???a? d’ e?s? t???a?t??? ?sa? ??????ta? ????? t?? t?? p?e?at?? ??????.

da?????. 108 11. Plentiful. Lat. abundans.

de??a. 200 4, 208 3, 214 13, 228 17. Sample. Lat. exemplum.

de???t??. 182 13, 264 12. Oratorical mastery. Lat. facultas dicendi, eloquentia. So de???? 282 3: see also 182 3. Cp. D.H. pp. 187, 188; Demetr. pp. 273, 274.

de????. 80 14, 92 20. Deftly. Lat. sollerter, feliciter. In 80 14 sf?d?a de???? = ‘with great dexterity, or adroitness,’ ‘with great delicacy of touch.’

des??. 148 17. Fastening. Lat. vinculum.

d???t????. 158 2. Indicative of. Lat. significans.

d??????a. 110 22, 252 2. A public discourse, or harangue. Lat. contio. Cp. D.H. p. 188.

d???????a. 64 8, 120 1. A piece of workmanship. Lat. opus, opificium. So d?????????? (‘industrial’) 104 23. Cp. D.H. p. 274. Quintil. (ii. 15. 4) translates pe????? d???????? by persuadendi opifex.

d?ae????a?. 172 3, 202 16, 212 1, 216 18, 218 23, 222 23, 244 19. To have a mighty stride, to be planted wide apart. Lat. latis passibus incedere. Fr. marcher À grands pas. In 202 17, 20, 218 23, and 222 23 the noun d??as?? is used with reference to the intervals which long syllables and clashing consonants make in pronunciation by retarding the utterance. The e???a te ?a? d?ae???ta e?? p??t?? ???ata of 212 1 are les grands mots À larges allures.

d???es??. 154 14, 160 18. Condition, arrangement. Lat. affectus, dispositio.

d?a??e??. 180 17, 184 5, 194 15, 218 20, 21, 272 17. To divide, to resolve. Lat. seiungere, resolvere. So d?a??es?? 122 8, 138 1, 272 7.

d?a?e???s?a?. 172 7. To be broken or enervated. Lat. frangi, corrumpi, in delicias effundi. Cp. similar uses of d?a???ptes?a?. In de Demosth. c. 43 ????? d?a???e??? are opposed to ????? ??d??de??.

d?a???pte??. 176 19. To disguise. Lat. obscurare, occulere.

d?a??pte??. 268 15. To cut short, to silence. Lat. praecidere.

d?a??se??. 218 20. To arrange. Lat. ordinare.

d?a????e??. 230 17. To break into. Lat. interrumpere.

d?a?a??e??. 72 10, 166 17, 180 12, 184 14, 270 20, 272 2. To divide, to diversify. Lat. distinguere.

d?a???es?a?. 208 9. To write in prose. Lat. soluta oratione uti.

d???e?a. 204 1. A pause. Lat. intermissio.

d???e?t??. 78 16, 80 3, 16, 88 26, 126 3, 160 14, 168 8, 208 19, 246 7. Language. Lat. sermo. Sometimes used with special reference to a ‘dialect,’ as in 80 16, 88 26 (so t?? ?t??da ???tta? 80 17 = t?? ?t??da d???e?t?? de Demosth. c. 41); and in other passages, with much the same sense as ????? (elocutio).—In 68 9, 94 10, 14, 96 15, 104 1, the adjective d?a?e?t???? means ‘pertaining to dialectic.’

d?a??a??. 126 1. Difference. Lat. differentia. So d?a???tte??, 92 19, 150 2, 152 29.

d???????. 198 1, 264 22. Dialogue. Lat. dialogus. Cp. Demetr. p. 274.

d?a??e??. 132 9, 272 1. To break up, to resolve. Lat. dissolvere. So d????s?? 138 4.

d?a?apa?e??. 134 17. To relieve, to break up. Lat. diluere.

d?????a. 74 7, 16, 112 21. Mind, thought. Lat. mens, cogitatio.

d?? p??te. 126 4, 17. The interval of a fifth. Lat. diapente, quinque tonorum intervallum. So d?? pas?? 126 18, of the octave.

d?ap??????e??. 214 8, 248 10, 254 18. To variegate. Lat. depingere, distinguere.

d?a?t??. 206 6. To separate, to break up. Lat. seiungere. Cp. de Demosth. c. 40 ??a d? ? d???e? d?a?t?? t?? ????????a?.

d?asa?e?e??. 102 21, 230 9, 240 13. To shake (as by storm), to disturb. Lat. perturbare, concutere. In 230 9 and 240 13 the reference is to troubling the smooth waters of the cadences by sounds that jolt and jar.

d?asp??. 222 19, 230 24. To dislocate. Lat. divellere. Cp. Demetr. p. 274, s.v. d?aspas??, and Quintil. ix. 4. 33 “tum vocalium concursus; qui cum accidit, hiat et intersistit et quasi laborat oratio.”

d??stas??. 206 3, 5, 210 18. Distance. Lat. distantia.

d??st?a. 126 3, 16, 270 12. Interval. Lat. spatium, intervallum.

d?ast???. 278 5, 7. Division. Lat. divisio. By d?ast??a? (which he opposes to metrical cola) Dionysius means the natural divisions, or pauses, observed in prose in order to bring out the sense and to secure good delivery, in accordance with the requirements of grammar and rhetoric. Cp. the later use of d?ast??? for division by means of a comma—for punctuation, as we should say.

d?at??e??. 270 13. To cut up. Lat. discindere, concidere.

d?at????a?. 130 5, 15, 134 8, 11. To affect. Lat. adficere.

d??t????. 194 8, 196 4. Diatonic. Lat. diatonicus. For the diatonic scale see n. on 194 8.

d?af???. 68 21, 152 14, etc. Difference, variety. Lat. differentia.

d?a???asa. 230 24. Loosening. Lat. resolutio. Cp. Epicrates (ap. Athen. xiii. 570 B) on Lais in her old age: ?pe? d? d?????? t??? ?tes?? ?d? t???e? " t?? ?????a? te d?a?a?? t?? s?at??.

d?e???s??. 204 3. Struggle, tussle. Lat. luctatio. Cp. argum. Aristoph. Acharn. e?ta ?e?????? d?e???s?? ?ate?e??e?? ? ????? ?p???e? t?? ???a??p????, i.e. “a tussle (wrangle) arises, in which the Chorus is overborne and lets go Dicaeopolis.”

d????d??. 150 1. Outlet, egress. Lat. exitus.

d?e?e?de??. 220 3. To thrust apart. Lat. disiungere. The object of the thrusting apart (or separation) is to give each word a firm position (as with the combination of strut and tie in Caesar’s bridge over the Rhine, for which see E. Kitson Clark in Classical Review xxii. 144-147). So d?e?e?s?? 222 10, 224 14. In 202 9 d?e?e?des?a? = conniti.

d?es??. 126 20. A quarter-tone, or any interval smaller than a semitone. Lat. diesis. As to the reason for the disappearance of the quarter-tone from our modern musical system see n. on 194 7 (extract from Macran’s Harmonics of Aristoxenus). See, further, L. and S., s.v. d?es?? and ?e?a. The word occurs also in de Lys. c. 11 ?ste ?d? t?? ??a??st?? ?? t??? d?ast?as? d?es?? ????e??. Suidas defines d?es?? as t? ?????st?? ?t??? t?? ??a?????? d?ast??t??. Cp. Vitruv. de Arch. v. 3.

d?e?????e??. 208 4. To determine. Lat. diiudicare.

d?e?st??e??. 124 17. To go straight to the mark. Lat. recta ad scopum tendere. For the genitive cp. Polyb. ii. 45 (of Aratus) ??d?a d???e??? p?s?? e?st??e?? pe??st?se??.

d???e???. 142 2. Unbroken, uninterrupted. Lat. continuus, perpetuus.

d????a?p????. 194 23. Writer of dithyrambs. Lat. dithyrambicus poËta. Cp. D.H. p. 188, s.v. d????a??.

d??st??a?. 144 4, 202 17, 204 21, 206 4, 222 5, 224 8, 236 6. To keep apart. Lat. diducere. Cp. Diog. Laert. iv. 6 ?? d? [? ???es??a??] ?? t? ?a??? d?astat???? t?? ????t??, i.e. distinct in his enunciation. In 230 17 d??sta?e? = d??spa?e?.

d??a???. 224 2, 10. Legitimate, regular. Lat. iustus. The normal measure of a long syllable is meant.

d??a?????. 112 11, 252 2. Forensic. Lat. iudicialis, forensis.

d?????e??. 218 16. To separate by a boundary. Lat. disterminare.

d????e??. 116 19, 122 18. To distress. Lat. sollicitare.

d?p????. 144 9, 10, 15. Double, compound. Lat. duplex. Cp. Demetr. p. 276.

d?s???a??. 126 13, 168 12, 170 14, 202 14. Disyllabic. Lat. disyllabus. a? d?s???a?? (???e??) = disyllables.

d???????. 140 17, 19, 142 1, 6, 150 18. Double-timed, doubtful, common. Lat. communis, anceps.

d??a. 134 4. Opinion, personal judgment. Lat. opinio. Opposed to ?p?st??.

d??a??. 72 25, 26, 130 22, 23, 134 17, 136 20, etc. Power, faculty, function. Lat. potentia, facultas. Used, more than once in this treatise, of ‘phonetic value’ or ‘effect.’ Fr. valeur. In 266 7 t?? ?a?t?? d???e?? denotes ‘mental powers,’ t?? ?a?t?? d?a???a? being used in the parallel passage of de Demosth. c. 51.

d?se?d??. 144 4. Ungraceful. Lat. deformis.

d?s??f????. 132 2, 162 5, 16, 232 15. Hard to pronounce. Lat. difficilis pronuntiatu. Cp. d?se?f???t?? in 220 13.

d?s????. 162 15. Ill-sounding. Lat. ingratus auditu. [According to Sauppe’s conjecture on p. 163 n.: cp. d?s???? 144 4, as given by PMV.]

d?spe????pt??. 206 23. Not easily included. Lat. qui facile includi nequit.

d?s???e?a. 134 24, 168 3. Offensiveness. Lat. molestia.

d?s?pe?s?a?. 134 21. To be shy of. Lat. prae pudore reformidare. The active voice is found in de Lys. c. 11.

??????. 196 1. Dorian. Lat. Dorius, Doricus. Cp. Monro’s Modes of Ancient Greek Music, passim.

?????e??. 144 16. To approach. Lat. appropinquare.

??????sa. 202 25, 232 16. Dwelling on a syllable, prolongation. Lat. sessio, mora vocis tamquam considentis. Fr. temps d’arrÊt. Cp. de Demosth. c. 43 ?? t??t??? ??? d? t? te f???e?ta p???a?? s???????e?a d??? ?st? ?a? t? ??f??a ?a? ?f??a, ?? ?? st??????? te ?a? ???a??s??? a? ?????a? ?a????s? ?a? t?a??t?ta? a? f??a? s?????.

???atap???e??. 134 12. To interweave. Lat. innectere. The uncompounded p???e?? occurs in 154 9.

???at?s?e???. 182 7. Highly-wrought. Lat. elaboratus. Cp. Demetr. de Eloc. § 15 ??t? ??? ?a? ???at?s?e??? ?sta? (? ?????) ?a? ?p???? ?a, ?a? ?? ?f??? ?d??, ?a? ??te ??a ?d??t???? ??te ??a s?f?st????. See, further, D.H. pp. 189, 194, and Demetr. p. 276.

?????s??. 108 3, 264 5. Mood (of verb). Lat. modus. Cp. de Demosth. c. 52 ????, pt?se??, ???????, ?????se??. In 102 19 t?? ??????????? = ‘derivative, or secondary, forms.’

????p?. 220 13. Hindrance, interruption. Lat. impedimentum. Cp. Ep. i. ad Cor. ix. 12 ??a ? ????p?? t??a d?e? t? e?a??e??? t?? ???st??. [In Long. de Subl. xli. 3 ?at’ ????p?? seems to refer to notches or incisions as made by carpenters in dovetailing.]

?????????. 262 20. Broad, general (of education). Lat. orbis doctrinae. (Quintil. i. 10. 1.) Wilamowitz-Moellendorff Greek Historical Writing p. 15: “At latest in the school of Posidonius—and I think a little earlier—the so-called ????????? pa?de?a, or ‘universal instruction,’ was formed into a system which has continued to our own Universities in the form of ‘the seven liberal arts.’ The study of history has no place in it; astronomy, architecture, and medicine have.”

?d?a. 108 4, 234 2, 244 18. Position, foundation. Lat. sedes. Cp. Demetr. p. 277. So ?d??sa? 106 7, ???d?ast?? 232 4, d?sed??? 106 8, e?ed??? 106 9.

e?d????. 208 12, 246 19. Specific. Lat. specialis.

e??a???. 74 10. Random, casual. Lat. temerarius.

e????. 124 20. Illustration. Lat. similitudo.

e?????????. 220 11. Completely, with no alloy. Lat. sincere.

e?sa????. 114 9. Introduction. Lat. praefatio.

??????. 68 4, 12, 74 15, 78 8, 182 6, 200 15, 246 13, 252 27. Choice. Lat. delectus. The ?????? of words is constantly contrasted with their s???es??. Cp. ?????e?? 74 9, 182 3.

???????es?a?. 200 6. To consider fully. Lat. expendere, percensere.

??a??tte??. 134 10. To soften. Lat. emollire, mulcere.

???ttes?a?. 250 14. To take the impress of. Lat. exprimere, imitari. Cp. de Demosth. c. 4 t?? ?p??et?? ?a? ?ates?e?as???? f??s?? t?? pe?? G????a? ???a?ta?, and c. 13 t?? ??s?a??? ?a?a?t??a ???a?ta? e?? ????a (i.e. ad unguem, ad amussim).

????e?a. 124 1. False note. Lat. dissonantia.

???e?s?a?. 70 4. To copy. Lat. imitari, imitando effingere.

??p??????. 212 15. To fill out, to round off. Lat. orbem orationis implere.

??stas??. 156 20. Astonishment. Lat. stupor. Cp. Ev. Marc. xvi. 8 e??e d? a?t?? t???? ?a? ??stas??.

??tas??. 204 3, 268 19. Stretching, lengthening. Lat. productio. Cp. Demetr. p. 277.

??te??e??. 140 18, 142 10. To lengthen, to prolong. Lat. producere.

??fa??e??. 154 22. To reproduce. Lat. referre.

??fa???. 246 1. Prominent. Lat. conspicuus.

??f??e??. 68 12, 84 6, 94 10, 15, 106 19, 108 3, 112 9, 114 1, 116 24, 118 6, 15, etc. To utter, to produce: with various cognate meanings. Lat. edere, promere.

??f???. 112 15, 142 7. Utterance. Lat. pronuntiatio.

??f??e??. 140 5. To pronounce. Lat. pronuntiare. Cp. Demetr. p. 278.

???tt?s??. 156 22. Curtailment. Lat. imminutio.

??e?e?a???. 256 23. Elegiac. Lat. elegiacus. Coupled with pe?t?et???.

??e??e???. 212 9. Unfettered. Lat. liber. Epithet applied to ???a.

?pe???d??. 118 15. In periods, periodic. Lat. periodo inclusus.

?fa??e??. 110 19, 212 13, 228 7, 254 17, 21. To indicate. Lat. indicare, ostendere.

??a??????. 90 6, 198 1. Forensic. Lat. forensis. With some notion of combative, incisive, vehement. Cp. d??a?????, p. 196 supra.

??a?????. 136 22. Articulate. Lat. articulatus.

??a??????. 194 7, 196 3, 11. Enharmonic. Lat. enarmonicus. For the enharmonic scale see note on 194 7.—In 108 10 and 196 11 the word is used in a less restricted sense. Cp. de Demosth. c. 24 ??? ?? ??? d?s? pe???aa????? ?????? s?et??? ?st? [? pe???d??] ?a? ??a?????? ?a? st??????? ?a? ?s?? e???fe? ?sfa??.

??de??????. 96 17. Admissible. Lat. licitus.

??e???s???e??. 196 5: see n. ad loc.

?????e?a. 204 1, 268 5. Activity. Lat. actio.

??????. 106 18. In the singular number. Lat. singulariter.

??te????. 134 2, 272 21, 23. According to the rules of art, artistic, systematic. Lat. artificiosus.

???et???. 194 3. Of six measures, hexameter (line: st????). Lat. hexameter.

???p???. 84 21. Of six feet. Lat. sex constans pedibus.

????. 66 1, 122 24, 268 4, 11, 26. State or habit (of body or mind); skill based on practice. Lat. habitus, habilitas, peritia.

?pa?????es?a?. 94 9. To profess to teach a subject. Lat. profiteri.

?pa?????. 162 2. Conducive to. Lat. aptus ad inducendum. For the genitive cp. s.v. ?????, p. 285 supra.

?pa??e??. 198 10. To bloom. Lat. efflorescere.

?pe?s?d???. 196 24. Pleasure-giving addition, episode. Lat. episodium.

?p???af?. 96 13, 104 4. Title. Lat. inscriptio.

?p?de????s?a?. 162 2, 228 9, 254 1. To make a display of. Lat. prae se ferre, ostentare.

?p??a????? (sc. p???a). 258 7. Bridal song. Lat. epithalamium.

?p??et??. 102 17. An addition, epithet, adjective (‘the qualifier,’ Puttenham’s sixteenth-century Arte of English Poesie). Lat. ad nomen adiunctum, appositum (Quintil. viii. 3. 43; 6. 29). The ?p??et?? seems to be regarded by Dionysius as a separate part of speech: cp. Steinthal Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft bei den Griechen und RÖmern ii. p. 251 “Was das ?p??et??, das Adjectivum betrifft: so ist es im Alterthum vielleicht von Niemandem, hÖchstens aber nur von dem einen oder andren Grammatiker zum besonderen Redetheil gemacht.”

?p????d????. 80 13. Hazardous. Lat. periculosus. AventurÉ would perhaps be a better French equivalent, in this context, than risquÉ.

?p???????. 150 4. Common (i.e. belonging equally to both). Lat. communis.

?p????. 214 2, 274 7. Epic. Lat. epicus. ?p??? p???s?? = epic poetry.

?p????pte??. 134 16, 198 10. To hide, to veil. Lat. occultare.

?p??ap???e??. 144 2. To make crisp and clear. Lat. clarum reddere. Cp. Plut. Mor. 912 C ?a? ?? ?t?a???, p??sd????te? ????, ?p??ap?????s? t?? f???? ?p? ?a???.

?p????a. 70 21. Adverb. Lat. adverbium.

?p?s??te??. 134 14, 260 1. To overshadow. Lat. obscurare.

?p?stas??. 68 1. Attention. Lat. cura. Cp. ??ep?st?t??, heedlessly, 74 6: so Long. de Subl. xxxiii. 4 ?p? e?a??f??a? ??ep?st?t?? pa?e???e???a, ‘introduced with all the heedlessness of genius.’

?p?st??. 104 15, 110 8, 124 5, 21, 134 3. Knowledge, science. Lat. scientia.

?p?tas??. 210 5. Tightening. Lat. intentio.

?p?t?f???. 116 2, 178 1, 180 8. Funeral speech (sub. ?????). Lat. oratio funebris.

?p?ta???e??. 204 8, 22. To quicken. Lat. accelerare.

?p?te??e??. 126 4. To raise the pitch. Lat. intendere.

?p?te?p??. 228 12. Delightful. Lat. iucundus.

?p?tet?de?????. 260 25. Deliberately. Lat. de industria. Cp. ?p?t?de?e?? 136 18, and ??ep?t?de?t?? (p. 288 supra).

?p?t?de?s??. 70 6, 212 19. Pains, study. Lat. studium, industria.

?p?t???a???. 180 14. Running, tripping. Lat. velox, volubilis. Cp. de Demosth. c. 40 ?p?t???a??? d? t?? ???eta? ?a? ?atafe??? ? ??s?? t?? ???e??, ?spe? ?at? p?a???? fe??e?a ?????? ??ata ?de??? a?t??? ??t???????t??.—In Hom. Il. iii. 213 ?p?t????d?? = trippingly, unfalteringly.

?p?t????. 268 13. Successful. Lat. voti compos.

?p?f??e??. 88 16. To quote. Lat. citare, laudare, proferre. Cp. Demetr. p. 281.

?p?p????. 194 2, 236 15. Epic poet. Lat. poËta epicus. So t? ?p? (270 19) = versus epici.

?p???. 204 2. Delay, suspense. Lat. impedimentum, retentio.

?p?d??. 194 12, 278 9. After-song, coda, epode. In this sense (that of the part of a lyric ode which is sung after the strophe and antistrophe) the word is feminine. In 194 20, if the masculine ??????? is rightly read, the special meaning of ?p?d?? will be refrain, burden: a meaning somewhat nearer that of the Latin epodos.

??e?de??. 142 13. To thrust. Lat. trudere. So ??e?s?? 204 4. In 210 16 ??e?des?a? = to be firmly planted.

????e?a. 66 18, 76 9, 78 19, 84 11, 172 17, 182 5. Expression, style. Lat. elocutio. The word appears in the title of the treatise pe?? ????e?a? which passes under the name of Demetrius. So ????e?e?? (to express) in 76 9, 186 18, 204 8, 260 20. Cp. Demetr. p. 282 (s.v. ????e?a and ????e?e??).

?t??????a. 160 6. Etymology: with reference to Plato’s Cratylus. For Latin equivalents cp. Quintil. i. 6. 28 “etymologia, quae verborum originem inquirit, a Cicerone dicta est notatio, quia nomen eius apud Aristotelem invenitur s?????, quod est nota; nam verbum ex verbo ductum, id est veriloquium, ipse Cicero, qui finxit, reformidat. sunt qui vim potius intuiti originationem vocent.”

e??e???. 136 11, 178 14, 21, 180 3. Well-born, noble. Lat. generosus. So e??e?e?a 192 8. The e??e??? is not necessarily ?e??a??? (Aristot. Rhet. ii. 15. 3).

e????ss??. 70 2. Pleasant on the tongue. Lat. suavis.

e???a??. 230 31, 246 3. Well-drawn, well-defined. Lat. definitus.

e???????. 210 22. Four-square. Lat. qui angulis rectis constat, quadratus.

e??pe?a. 240 5, 18, 246 1, 268 28. Beauty of language. Lat. verborum elegantia. In this treatise Dionysius clearly uses the word with special reference to his main subject—beauty of sound, euphony. So also e?ep?? 218 10, 222 6, 224 2, 228 5, 230 20; and e?ep?? 232 11. In the Classical Review xviii. 19 the present writer has tried to show that, even in an author so early as Sophocles (Oed. Tyr. 928), the word e??pe?a is to be understood in a rhetorical sense (‘elegant language,’ ‘neatly-turned phrase’: with direct reference to the employment of a ‘figure’ of rhetoric). But, later, the word was used of ‘eloquence’ generally (as in the well-known epigram of Simmias on the tomb of Sophocles himself); and to this wider meaning Dionysius here gives a special turn of his own.

e??t????. 234 12. With fine thread, well-woven. Lat. bene textus.

e??a????. 134 18, 196 25. Timely. Lat. opportunus, tempestivus. So e??a???? 132 3, e??a???a? 242 3.

e??ataf????t??. 74 12. Contemptible. Lat. abiectus, humilis.

e???at??. 210 1, 246 11. Well-blended. Lat. temperatus. Cp. de Demosth. c. 3 ? T?as???e??? ????e?a, ?s? t??? d?e?? ?a? e???at??: Cic. Orat. 6. 21 “est autem quidam interiectus inter hos medius et quasi temperatus,” etc.—Both in 210 1 and in 246 11 the well-supported variant ?????? is to be noted: it may conceivably have originated in a gloss on e???at??.—In 220 17 the similar adjective e????ast?? is used, though not in reference to the three ?????a?.

e???e?a. 234 17. Caution. Lat. cautio. Used in the phrase d?’ e??ae?a? ??e?.

e??????. 158 12. Reasonable. Lat. rationi consentaneus. The reference is to resemblances which are not ??????, but have a natural basis and are grounded in reason.

e?e???. 130 6, 134 9. Melodious. Lat. canorus.—On the other hand, ?e??? = in melody, set to music: 124 10, 130 6, 254 2, 8, 270 5; and so ???e?a 122 21, 182 2, 266 4.

e?et???. 254 6. Metrical; possessing good metrical qualities. Lat. metricus.—On the other hand, ?et??? = in metre: 74 4, 76 1, 168 8, 176 1, 21, 254 2, 4, 14, 270 5. In 270 10 ?et??a has good manuscript authority. Cp. Aristot. Rhet. iii. 8. 1 t? d? s??a t?? ???e?? de? ?te ?et??? e??a? ?te ???????.

e???f??. 84 2, 144 3, 162 1. Of beautiful form. Lat. formosus. So e???f?a 168 4, 264 16.

e?p??e?a. 250 4. Pleasure. Lat. voluptas. Plur. e?p??e?a? = Lat. deliciae.

e?pa?de?t??. 228 10. Scholarly, cultured. Lat. doctus.

e?pet??. 218 10, 222 6. Flowing easily. Lat. volubilis. [According to the reading of P in each passage. But e?ep?? should probably be read.] Cp. e????? in 240 21 and (according to P) in 196 25.

e?p??f????. 132 2. Easy to pronounce. Lat. facilis pronuntiatu.

e?????. 240 21. Flowing, copious. Lat. copiosus. See also s.v. e?pet??, supra.

e??????. 124 10, 130 8, 134 9, 236 3, 254 6, 18. Rhythmical. Lat. numerosus, moderatus (Cic. de Orat. iii. 48. 184; ii. 8. 34). So e?????a 118 11, 122 21, 182 2, 254 27: cp. Cic. Orat. 65. 220 “multum interest utrum numerosa sit, id est, similis numerorum, an plane e numeris constet oratio,” and Quintil. ix. 4. 56 “idque Cicero optime videt, ac testatur frequenter, se, quod numerosum sit, quaerere; ut magis non ???????, quod esset inscitum atque agreste, quam ???????, quod poËticum est, esse compositionem velit.” For ??????? see 130 8.

e?st??a. 110 18, 120 21. Beauty of sound. Lat. soni suavitas. Cp. Plato Crat. 405 D, 412 E.

e?s????. 172 6. Graceful. Lat. decorus, speciosus.

e?te???. 78 10, 136 3. Commonplace, cheap, vulgar. Lat. vilis. Cp. D.H. p. 193, and Aristot. Rhet. iii. 7. 2.

e?t?????. 206 14. Running easily. Lat. celer, volubilis. Cp. ???ssa e?t????? = a glib tongue (Eur. Bacch. 268).

e?t????. 186 3. Happily, successfully. Lat. feliciter. Cp. e?t????s?? 198 5, and ?t??e? 198 16.

e?f???a. 266 4. Euphony, musical sound. Lat. vocis dulcedo s. suavitas. So e?f???? 132 1, 134 9, 142 10, 166 7, 17, 230 23, 234 14. For a modern view of the effect of euphony cp. the words of Jowett (Dialogues of Plato i. 310): “In all the higher uses of language the sound is the echo of the sense, especially in poetry, in which beauty and expressiveness are given to human thoughts by the harmonious composition of the words, syllables, letters, accents, quantities, rhythms, rhymes, varieties and contrasts of all sorts.” Hence, though no lover of the vicious style sometimes termed “poetic prose,” Jowett says in his Notes and Sayings: “If I were a professor of English, I would teach my men that prose writing is a kind of poetry.”

?f??????. 116 8. Rivalling, a match for. Lat. aemulus, haud impar.

??e??. 168 17. Hegemon. The metrical foot ? ?. Cp. de Demosth. c. 47 ?spe? ????ta? t??e? ?a? ?a???s? t?? ??t?? ?atas?e?as???ta ????? ??e??a.

???s?a???. 90 19. Hegesian, recalling Hegesias. Lat. Hegesiacus. For Hegesias see Introduction, pp. 52-55 supra.

?d???. 80 16, 118 22, 120 20, 132 19, 21. Charm. Lat. iucunditas, dulcedo. Fr. charme, agrÉment, attrait. Cp. 120 20-24 t?tt? d? ?p? ?? t?? ?d???? t?? te ??a? ?a? t?? ????? ?a? t?? e?st??a? ?a? t?? ?????t?ta ?a? t? p??a??? ?a? p??ta t? t??a?ta, ?p? d? t? ?a??? t?? te e?a??p??pe?a? ?a? t? ???? ?a? t?? se??????a? ?a? t? ????a ?a? t?? p???? ?a? t? t??t??? ???a. See also Demetr. p. 284. So ?d?? (suavis, iucundus; sweet, pleasing, agreeable, attractive, charming), 68 6, 74 13, etc.

?d??e??. 130 11, 146 8, 148 6, 160 15, 164 13. To sweeten; to delight, to charm. Lat. dulce reddere; demulcere.

????. 88 12, 160 17, 212 11. Character. Lat. mos, indoles. Cp. Demetr. p. 284, D.H. p. 193. See Jebb’s Attic Orators i. 30, 31 for pathos and ethos in Antiphon (with reference to C.V. 212 10). According to Aristotle’s Rhetoric, a speech may be in, or out of, character in reference to (1) speaker, (2) audience, (3) subject.

??st?????. 274 17. A half-line, half-verse. Lat. hemistichium. Cp. Demetr. p. 284, s.v. ??et???.

??te???. 140 4. Half-perfect. Lat. semiperfectus.

??t?????. 126 5, 19. A half-tone, semitone. Lat. hemitonium.

??f????. 138 13, 140 1, 144 7, 146 5, 220 11. Semi-voiced, semi-vocal. Lat. semivocalis. ??f??a ???ata = litterae semivocales. Cp. s.v. ?f????, p. 292 supra.

??e?a. 156 11, 160 4. Rest, immobility. Lat. quies, tranquillitas. So ??ee?? 142 1.

???????. 84 21, 86 3, 88 7, 172 17, 206 10. Heroic (sc. st????: the hexameter line). Lat. heroicus. In 172 17 and 206 10, with ?t???.

?s???. 148 8. Softly, gently. Lat. sensim.

??e?s?a?. 138 12, 142 7. To be sounded. Lat. pronuntiari, sonare.

????. 130 19, 138 11, 142 14, 19, etc. Sound. Lat. sonus.

?eat?????. 212 16, 216 19, 228 8, 236 11. Theatrical, showy. Lat. theatralis. Cp. de Demosth. c. 25 ?p? t? ?eat???? t? G????e?a ta?t? pa?a???eta?, t?? ??t???se?? ?a? t?? pa??s?se?? ????.

?e???e?a. 184 23. Madness, blindness. Lat. mens divinitus laesa.

?e???a. 72 12, 16, 88 14, 96 25, 104 11, etc. Investigation, speculation; rule. Lat. quaestio; praeceptum artis. Cp. ?e???a 66 8, 96 14, 98 2, 102 25, 104 3, etc., and ?e??e?? 152 26, 204 3, 210 9.

???????. 106 21. Of the feminine gender. Lat. femininus.

?????. 172 7. Effeminate. Lat. muliebris, effeminatus. Cp. Larue van Hook Metaphorical Terminology of Greek Rhetoric, p. 26, s.v. ??d??d??.

?????d??. 146 13. Beast-like. Lat. ferinus. The term will, of course, apply to vipers as well as other animals: cp. t? ?????? in Acta Apost. xxviii. 4, and ? ????a?? (‘antidote against a poisonous bite’), whence the word treacle.

????e??. 122 22. To hiss off the stage. Lat. explodere.

????????. 124 1. Harsh sound, false note. Lat. murmur inconcinnum, dissonantia. Cp. Hymn. Hom. in Merc. 486 ?? d? ?e? a?t?? " ???? ??? t? p??t?? ?p??afe??? ??ee???, " ?? a?t?? ?e? ?pe?ta et???? te ????????.

?ae???. 258 25, 262 4. Iambic line. Lat. versus iambicus.

?a??. 170 7, 270 19. Iambus. The metrical foot ? –. The adjective ?a???? in 184 11, 258 19, 276 10.

?d?a. 88 6, 104 8, 116 12, 198 17, 200 5, 248 4. Kind, aspect. Lat. genus, aspectus.

?d??a. 240 23. Peculiarity. Lat. proprietas. Cp. Long. p. 278, D.H. p. 193.

?d??t??. 124 2, 272 19. Amateur, uncultivated. Lat. imperitus. Idiots long bore this meaning of ‘ordinary persons’ in English: cp. Jeremy Taylor, “humility is a duty in great ones as well as in idiots.”

???f??????. 86 8. Ithyphallic poem. Lat. carmen ithyphallicum. A poem composed in the measure of the hymns to Priapus. Cp. Masqueray Abriss der griechischen Metrik pp. 191, 192.

?s?e?????. 270 16. Equal in size. Lat. par magnitudine.

?st???a. 214 1. History. Lat. historia. So ?st??????, suited to narrative, 90 6. In 66 14 ?st???a = inquiry, investigation.

?s?????. 162 23, 210 17, 216 16. Strong, vigorous. Lat. firmus, robustus. In 216 16 there may be some sense of nerveux.—?s??? occurs in 68 19, 72 19, etc.; ??? in 84 13; ???t?? in 72 14.

???????. 86 14. Ionic. Lat. Ionicus. The Ionic tetrameter is meant. Cp. Masqueray, op. cit. pp. 137 ff.

?a?a???. 68 4, 74 18, 230 14. Pure. Lat. purus. For Greek and Latin authors as conscious purists, cp. Terence’s “in hac est pura oratio,” or Dionysius’ t? ?a?a?e?e?? t?? d???e?t?? (de Lysia c. 2). See C. N. Smiley’s dissertation on Latinitas and ??????s??, and L. Laurand’s Études sur le style des discours de CicÉron pp. 19 ff. (the section headed “PuretÉ de la langue”).

?a???????. 134 2. General. Lat. universalis.

?a???t??. 232 20. Novelty. Lat. novitas. Used in a condemnatory sense: ‘innovation,’ ‘singularity,’ ‘eccentricity.’

?a???t?e??. 254 23. To break new ground. Lat. novare. It is a mining metaphor—from the opening of a new vein. Cp. de Thucyd. c. 2.

?a??????e??. 200 18. To introduce new features. Lat. novitati studere.

?a????. 132 15, 20, 21. Sense of measure, tact, taste. See S. H. Butcher’s Harvard Lectures on Greek Subjects, pp. 117-120, for ?a???? as a word without any single or precise equivalent in any other language. Cp. e??a???? 134 18, 196 25; e??a???? 132 3; e??a???a 242 3.

?a??f????. 132 1, 164 11. Ill-sounding. Lat. male sonans. Cp. Demetr. p. 286.

?a???ep??. 180 3. Choice in diction. Lat. suaviloquens. It is the word used of Agathon in Aristoph. Thesm. 49 (Classical Review xviii. 20). Cp. D.H. p. 193, with the passages there quoted: to which may be added Plato Apol. 17 B ?e?a???ep?????? ??????, and (for ?p?? only) Thucyd. iii. 67 ????? ?pes? ??s????te? and ii. 41 ?st?? ?pes? ?? t? a?t??a t???e?.

?a???????a. 164 20, 166 12. Elegant language. Lat. venusta elocutio. So ?a??????e?? of ‘verbal embellishment,’ 80 12.

?a???????. 74 18, 166 7. Couched in elegant phrase. Lat. elegantibus ornatus verbis.

??????. 78 19, 84 10, 94 2, 160 13, 172 16, 182 5, 256 5. Beauty (of language). Lat. pulchritude. Cp. Aristot. Rhet. iii. 2. 13.

?a???. 118 23, 120 22, 136 8, 160 13, 14, 178 15, passim. Beautiful. Lat. pulcher. The word is inadequately translated by ‘beautiful’; and ‘fine’ has unfortunate associations of its own, especially in relation to writing. ‘Noble’ would often be nearer the mark, but that rendering is needed for ?e??a??? and e??e??? (cp. 136 13, 178 15, etc.). In English we lack a single word to denote that noble beauty which is sometimes seen in a human face, and which suggests an ultimate harmony of things. The meaning of ?a???, as distinguished from ?d?? (in reference to composition), may be gathered from such passages as 68 5 (t? se?? t? ?d?) and 120 22-24 (see under ?d???, p. 302 supra). The antithesis is not, as has sometimes been thought, that of pleasure to the ear and beauty to the mind. In this treatise Dionysius is dealing not with subject matter (? p?a?at???? t?p??) but with expression, and that chiefly from the euphonic point of view. ?a??? includes certain forms of pleasure—of the ear as well as of the mind: cp. Aristot. Rhet. iii. 1405 b and Demetr. de Eloc. § 177 ???sat? d’ a?t? (?a?? ???ata) Te?f?ast?? ??t??? ?????? ???at?? ?st? t? p??? t?? ????? ? p??? t?? ???? ?d?, ? t? t? d?a???? ??t???. Cp., further, gravitas)(suavitas, Cic. Or. §§ 62, 182; honestus)(iucundus, Quintil. ix. 4. 146; ?de?a? ?a? e?a??p?ep? Aristot. Rhet. iii. 12.

?ata?e??as????. 184 17. Broken, nerveless. Lat. fractus, mollis. Fr. faible, maigre, rompu. Cp. ?ata????????, 262 12, where Dionysius seems to indicate the broken (but by no means nerveless) foot

So Long. de Subl. xli. 1 ????p????? d’ ??d?? ??t?? ?? t??? ???????, ?? ????? ?e??as???? ????? ?a? ses??????, ???? d? p???????? ?a? t???a??? ?a? d????e???, t??e?? e?? ????st???? s??e?p?pt??te?. Cp. Demetr. p. 287.

?ata?a??e??. 230 4, 12. To check. Lat. cohibere, premere. Usener’s insertion of s??p? in 230 12 is perhaps unnecessary. Herod. v. 21 ? t?? ?e?s??? ???at?? ??t? ?ata?af?e?? ?s????? (i.e. “Persarum caedes ita silentio compressa est”) does not decide the point.

?at??????. 178 20, 184 9, 258 13. Final syllable. Lat. syllaba terminalis. With 178 20 cp. 178 13 ?a? s???a?? ?f’ ?? te?e???ta? t? ?????. See also Long. de Subl. xli. 2 t?? ?fe?????a? ?ata???e??, and Demetr. p. 287 (s.v. ?ata???t????).

?at??????. 168 1. Catalogue. Lat. enumeratio. The Homeric ‘Catalogue’ (in Il. ii.) is meant.

?ataet?e??. 174 24, 182 16. To measure. Lat. emetiri. Cp. de Demosth. c. 39.

?atap??????. 162 4, 16. To pack. Lat. stipare. Fr. charger.

?atas?e??. 70 4, 156 13, 160 19, 164 12. Artistic treatment. Lat. ornatus. The Latin apparatus, and French apprÊt, will also give something of the meaning. Cp. ?atas?e???e?? 106 3, 140 9, 154 3, 14, 17, 158 1, 4, etc. See also D.H. p. 194, under ?atas?e?? (with the passages there quoted) and ?atas?e???e??.

?atasp??. 204 24. To pull down. Lat. detrahere. Cp. the use of ?atespe?s??a and ?atespe?s?a? in Long. de Subl. xix. 2, xl. 4. [It is possible that ?atespe?s?a? should be read in C.V. 204 24.]

?at?stas??. 200 8. State. Lat. condicio.

?ataf???. 204 19. Downrush. Lat. decursus.

?ata??e???e??. 264 9. To jeer. Lat. cavillari, irridere.

?at????s??. 78 16. Catachresis. Lat. abusio. A definition is given by Quintil. viii. 6. 34 “eo magis necessaria ?at????s??, quam recte dicimus abusionem, quae non habentibus nomen suum accommodat, quod in proximo est: sic Equum divina Palladis arte Aedificant.” Cp. Cic. Orat. 27. 94, where the same Latin equivalent is given, though not the same description of the figure: “Aristoteles autem translationi et haec ipsa subiungit et abusionem, quam ?at????s?? vocant, ut cum minutum dicimus animum pro parvo, et abutimur verbis propinquis, si opus est, vel quod delectat vel quod decet” (cp. Auct. ad Her. iv. c. 33). In Cic. Acad. ii. 47. 143, “Quid ergo Academici appellamur? an abutimur gloria nominis?” the meaning probably is: ‘do we use the glorious name of ‘Academic’ in an unnatural way?’

?atesp??das????. 156 7. Earnest. Lat. anxius, instans. Cp. Herod. ii. 174.

?e?a????a?. 218 7, 240 17, 246 12, 248 17, etc. To mix, to temper. Lat. commiscere, temperare. Cp. the adjectives e???at?? and e????ast??, p. 301 supra. The general sense in 248 17 is, ‘qui aient su mieux qu’eux faire un heureux mÉlange des couleurs.’

?e?at?e?d??. 146 12. Sounding like a horn. Lat. sonus veluti corneus. ?e?at?e?de?? ????? = ‘sounds like (the sounds of) a horn’: cp. Hymn. Hom. in Merc. 81 ??s???e?d?a? ?????, ‘branches like (the branches of) myrtle.’

?ef??a???. 68 18, 120 25, 130 14, 136 7, 160 8. Heading, topic, sum and substance. Lat. caput, summa. So ?efa?a??d??, 112 21, under heads.

???e??. 124 13. To charm. Lat. permulcere.

???e??. 146 8, 194 12. To excite, to disturb. Lat. movere. So ????s??, movement, 124 8, 160 3, 244 20; and ????t????, 158 12.

???pte??. 196 17. To cheat, to disguise. Lat. dissimulare, obtegere. Cp. Demetr. p. 288.

??????. 120 13, 122 14, 148 14, 164 22, 200 7, 210 1 (according to one reading), 236 11, 252 28. Common, mixed, general. Lat. communis. For the meaning ‘in general terms’ cp. de Dinarcho c. 8 ???? d? ta?ta ??? ?? t? ?a????? t??p?, ?? ?d?? t??t?? ?at??????t??, ???’ ?? t? ?????t??? ?a? ?? ?p? t? p???.

???a?????. 236 9. Alluring. Lat. blandus.

??a. 270 15, 276 2. Short clause, phrase. Lat. incisum (Cic. Orat. 62. 211; Quintil. ix. 4. 22). Fr. incise. Cp. Demetr. p. 288; Quintil, ix. 4. 122 “incisum (quantum mea fert opinio) erit sensus non expleto numero conclusus, plerisque pars membri”; C.V. 270 15 ??ata ... ?a??te?a ?????. So ???t??? 274 14, 276 6. [The terms comma, colon, and period are now specially applied to punctuation.] For illustrations of ???a and ??ata drawn from Cicero see Laurand’s Études p. 128. In de Demosth. c. 39 the adjective ??at???? is found: ?p???t?? d? p?? ?a? ?fe??? ?a? t? p?e?? ??at???? (i.e. per brevia commata et incisa) ?ates?e??s?a? ???eta?.

??pte??. 132 4, 198 7. To smite upon, to weary. Lat. obtundere. Used in reference to the ear, when it receives ‘hammer-strokes of sound.’

?????. 124 18, 132 11, 192 18, 196 18, 252 25. Satiety. Lat. satietas (Cic. Orat. 65. 219). In using this word Dionysius often has in mind Pindar Nem. vii. 52 (????? d’ ??e? ?a? ??? ?a? t? t??p?’ ???e’ ?f??d?s?a): a passage which he quotes in Ep. ad Pomp. c. 3.

????f?. 248 4. Top, head. Lat. caput. Cp. ????fa??? (headman) and ?????f?? (230 31).

???????. 94 4. Colophon, finis. Lat. coronis. ???? ??????d?? d?e??e?? = ‘usque ad calcem perlegere,’ ‘from title to colophon.’

???s??. 130 25, 154 10, 220 12. A mixing, blending. Lat. mistura.

???t?st??. 70 1, 120 18, 134 20, 142 5, 150 10, 160 5, 162 3, 15, 176 15, 196 10, 206 21, 214 16, 250 16, 260 21. Strongest, finest, best. Lat. fortissimus, optimus. It is not always easy to determine in these passages whether the meaning is general or special. But in 162 3 ??at?st??? is opposed to a?a??t?t???. When he wishes to be quite explicit, Dionysius can use ?s????? (162 23), or ??t?st??.

???t??. 70 5, 72 14, etc. Force, power. Lat. vis, robur.

???t????. 174 11, 260 23, 262 9. Cretic. The metrical foot – ? –. For the cretic foot cp. Cic. de Orat. iii. 47. 183 and Or. 64. 218; Quintil. ix. 4. 81, 97, 104, 107. In the Epitome c. 17 the equivalent term ?f?a???? is used instead of ???t????. For the excessive use in prose of the cretic (as, indeed, of any other distinctly metrical) rhythm cp. Walter C. Summers in Classical Quarterly ii. 173.

???t?????. 250 7. Criterion. Lat. iudicium.

????s??. 124 8, 144 1, 268 7. Stroke; note (of an instrument). Lat. pulsus.

?te???e??. 264 22. To comb. Lat. pectere. Parallel metaphors from Latin literature are quoted in Larue van Hook’s Metaphorical Terminology of Greek Rhetoric p. 23.

????????. 174 4. Cyclic. Lat. cyclicus. Goodell (Greek Metric pp. 168 ff.) points out that the much-debated question of ‘cyclic’ or ‘three-timed’ anapaests and dactyls hinges on this passage (174 4), together with part of c. 20 (204 16-206 16). As he says (p. 175 ibid.), “It is clear that Dionysius does not regard even these irrational dactyls as three-timed merely; the nearest approach to that view is in the remark that some are not much longer than trochees. But that implies that even the briefest are somewhat longer than trochees.” Goodell also suggests (p. 181) that ???????? in Dionysius corresponds to st???????? in a passage of Aristides Quintilianus. Clearly the elaborate structure of the ‘cyclic dactyl’ cannot stand securely upon so slight a foundation as these statements of Dionysius. See further in Goodell (op. cit.), and also in L. Vernier TraitÉ de mÉtrique grecque et latine c. 14 pp. 169 ff.

??????. 198 6, 212 14, 246 3. A circle, a round. Lat. orbis, ambitus.

??????. 84 5, 208 24, 246 11. Accredited, regular, proper. Lat. proprius. Fr. propre (in le mot propre). Cp. D.H. p. 195, Demetr. p. 289; and (in addition to the passages there quoted) Quintil. i. 5. 71 “propria sunt verba, cum id significant, in quod primo denominata sunt: translata, cum alium natura intellectum, alium loco praebent.” The meaning ‘proper,’ ‘literal,’ is well illustrated by 208 24, where ??????? (‘used in the ordinary sense’) is opposed to etaf???????.

?????. 72 6, 9, 104 9, 110 10, 176 2, 178 6, 7, 194 13, 22, 218 18, 230 16, 234 20, 21, 276 2, 6, 14, 278 6, etc., passim. Member, clause, group of words. Lat. membrum. Fr. membre de phrase. Cp. Demetr. p. 289, and Aristot. Rhet. iii. 9. 5 ????? d’ ?st?? t? ?te??? ????? ta?t?? [sc. pe???d??], Quintil. ix. 4. 22 “membra, quae ???a (dicuntur),” Long, de Subl. xl. 1 ? t?? e??? [this illustrates the metaphor in ?????] ?p?s???es??. For the length of the ????? cp. Sandys’ Orator of Cicero p. 222 and Laurand’s Études pp. 127-9; and see, generally, A. du Mesnil Über die rhetorischen Kunstformen, Komma, Kolon, Periode.

???de??. 264 9. To scoff. Lat. iocari, illudere.

?a??e??. 100 26, 104 17, 20, 106 18, 19, 108 2, 5, 8, passim. To take, to employ. Lat. sumere, adhibere.

?ea??e??. 130 19, 164 12. To smooth, to fall softly on. Lat. polire, mulcere.

?e???. 132 1, 154 12, 162 23, 222 5, 228 4, 234 14. Smooth. Lat. levis. So ?e??t?? (douceur) 240 6. Cp. Demetr. de Eloc. § 176 pa?? d? t??? ??s????? ???eta? t? ???a ?e???, ?a? ?te??? t? t?a??, ?a? ???? e?pa???, ?a? ???’ ???????. ?e??? ?? ??? ?st?? ???a t? d?? f?????t?? ? p??t?? ? d?? p?e?????, ???? ??a?, t?a?? d? ???? ????e?.

?e?t????. 66 7, 96 9. Relating to style or expression. Lat. qui ad elocutionem spectat. ? ?e?t???? t?p?? = the province of expression, as distinguished from ? p?a?at???? t?p??.—?e?t????, 258 3, = after the manner of prose.

?????. 66 16, 70 3, 11, 14, 74 3, 8, 84 15 (‘passages’), 88 22, 25, 90 4, 110 9, 112 6, passim. Speech or language; utterance; diction; style; word, expression, passage. Lat. dictio, elocutio, verbum s. locutio. For the broad meaning ‘word’ or ‘phrase,’ common in Greek writers of the later periods, cp. 66 16, 124 23, 128 5, 168 10, 202 22, 206 6, 268 19.

?????. 90 20. Trumpery. Lat. ineptiae. Cp. de Demosth. c. 25 ?a? d?? t?? ????? t??t?? ??se? t?? f??s??.

??t??. 76 8. Trifling. Lat. exiguus, humilis. For ??t?? = plain, simple, cp. Aristot. Rhet. iii. 16 p??????? ?a? ?? ??t??.

????d??. 210 21. Casually. Lat. fortuito. Dionysius has in mind not selected stones, but stones collected (picked up) as they lie. Cp. Joseph. Antiqq. Iud. iv. 8. 5 (Naber) ?a? ??? e?? ?? ????? ? ?ate???as???? ???? ????d?? s???e????? (i.e. collecticiis), and Thucyd. iv. 31 ?a? ??? t? ?a? ???a a?t??? ?? pa?a??? ????? ????d?? pep???????, vi. 66 ?a? ?p? t? ??s???? ???? t?, ? e?ef?d?tat?? ?? t??? p??e????, ?????? ????d?? ?a? ?????? d?? ta???? ????sa?.

???????. 146 14. Rational. Lat. rationalis. This passage (?????d??? ??? ?a? ?????? ????? ? ??????? ?f?ptes?a? d??e? f???? ? s??????) helps to illustrate the use of ??????? in 130 3 (dede?????? t?? d?af???? ? d?af??e? ??s??? ???????), where singing and ordinary speech (the sounds of music and those of spoken language) are contrasted.

???????f??. 158 1. Prose-writer. Lat. solutae orationis scriptor. So perhaps Aristot. Rhet. ii. 11 ?a? ?? ?pa???? ?a? ?????a ?????ta? ? ?p? p???t?? ? ???????f??, and Thucyd. i. 21 ?a? ??te ?? p???ta? ????as? ... ??te ?? ???????f?? ?????esa? ?t?.: though in both these passages ‘chroniclers’ may be specially meant. For the meaning ‘professional speech-writer’ cp. Aristot. Rhet. iii. 12. 2. In C.V. 154 17 s????af??? is found in the same sense (‘prose-writers’) as ???????f?? in 158 1.

????e?de?a. 272 15. Prose-character. Lat. color prosaicus. Fr. la couleur prosaÏque. The word is well explained and illustrated by a scholiast on Hephaestion (Westphal Scriptores Metrici Graeci i. 167): p???t???? d? ?st? t? ??e? p????? ? t??p?? pep???????, ????

?pp??? te ?a???? ??at?? ?a? pe?t????ta [Il. xi. 680],

?pe? ta?t?? ?st? t? ????e?de?.—In Demetr. de Eloc. § 41 t? ??????? is found in the same sense.

?????. 64 13, 66 5, 8, 70 10, 72 7, 10, 14, 74 6, 76 2, 84 14, 16, 92 23, 94 2, passim. Discourse, language. Lat. oratio, sermo. Often used of prose, as opposed to poetry: cp. 84 14, 16, 108 11 (?????? pe????), 118 22, 154 2 (?????? ??????), 166 4, 208 6, 270 17, 272 9, 13, 17, 19, 28, 278 6, 9 (where the meaning probably is ‘a piece of continuous prose’), 280 18; so ?a? ?? p???se? ?a? ?? ?????? (Aristot. Rhet. iii. 2. 7; further references in Bonitz’ Index Aristotelicus p. 433). In many passages (e.g. 66 5, 210 8, 218 1, 248 4) ‘writing’ or ‘literature’ (cp. ? t?? ????? f???s?f?a = ‘the study of literature,’ Rhet. ad Alex. c. 1) will be a possible modern equivalent, though we must always bear in mind the Greek point of view, that what we call ‘literature’ was something conveyed by the living voice,—something spoken or read aloud.—See also s.v. ?et??? p. 287 supra.

??d???. 196 2. Lydian. Lat. Lydius. Cp. Monro’s Modes of Ancient Greek Music, passim.

a?a???. 132 1, 154 11, 162 3, etc. Soft. Lat. mollis. So a??a??? 90 20. In some passages (90 20, 170 9) the word suggests the idea of ‘lacking in backbone,’ ‘unmanly,’ ‘effeminate.’ Fr. dÉlicat, or (rather) mou.

e?a??p?ep??. 136 12, 166 2, 18, etc. Grand, impressive, splendid. Lat. magnificus. Fr. magnifique. So e?a??p??pe?a (la grandeur), 120 22, 164 20.

??e???. 172 11, 174 19. Grandeur, elevation. Lat. magnitudo, sublimitas. Fr. ampleur. Cp. Demetr. p. 292.

e?a???e??. 112 2. To arrange differently, to re-arrange. Lat. aliter componere.

e????. 128 18, 152 20. To lessen, to curtail. Lat. minuere. Fr. retrancher. So e??s?? 110 15. The word does not, in the C.V., bear the special sense of extenuare.

e?????. 130 7, 252 21, 254 21, 278 4. Melodious, lyric. Lat. lyricus. In English ‘lyric’ is a more generally intelligible rendering than ‘melic,’ though less exact. “To the writers of the Alexandrian age, who introduced and gave currency to the expression, ‘lyric’ meant primarily what the name imports—poetry sung to the accompaniment of the lyre.... More appropriate than ‘lyric,’ as an exact and comprehensive designation of all poetry that was sung to a musical accompaniment, is ‘melic,’ the term in vogue among the Greeks of the classic ages,” Weir Smyth Greek Melic Poets pp. xvii, xviii. Apparently the adjectives e????? and ??????? are both late.

e??????. 70 2. Honey-sweet. Lat. mellitus. Cp. de Demosth. c. 48 ?? te ta?? eta??a?? t?t? ?? t? ???a??p?ep?? ?a? a?st????, t?t? d? t? e?????? ?a? f????a???? ?fa???e???.

????. 204 3, limb: 122 24, 126 21 (bis), 194 7, 13, tune, melody: 120 18, 122 11, 130 4, 11, melodious effect, tunefulness: 92 22, 120 26, 126 23, 154 2, 192 21, 194 5, 250 11, 16, 254 5, 8, 15, 272 10, 278 6, 280 18, words set to music, song, aria, chant, lay, lyric. Lat. cantus, carmen, etc. Similarly also e??p???a 214 3: e??p???? 194 18, 236 16, 22, 248 13, 270 22, 272 5: e??de?? 126 18, 128 5: e??d?a 122 16, 194 8, 196 2.

e???e??. 144 22, 220 25. To divide. Lat. distribuere.

????. 68 6, 70 14, 96 1, etc. Part. Lat. pars. t? t?? ???e?? ??? = ‘the parts of speech,’ 70 14, 96 14, etc. See also ?????, p. 311.

?s??. 148 18, 150 11, 210 6, 7, 8, 236 2, 246 10. Middle, intermediate, average. Lat. medius. So ?s?? 146 10, and es?t?? 246 15 (bis) (with reference to Aristotle’s use of the word for le juste milieu), 248 11.

eta???e??. 194 1, 2. To change, to vary. Lat. mutare. As its passive, eta?e????? 266 1.

eta???. 120 19, 122 12, 124 11, 25, 134 18, 19. Variety. Lat. varietas, diversitas. The object of eta???, as conceived by Dionysius, is to diversify style in order to avoid a monotonous uniformity. Variety is one of the chief essentials of good writing, not only in Greek but in all other languages.

eta?a??e??. 132 7. To interchange. Lat. commutare.

etapt?t????. 140 20. Variable. Lat. mutabilis. So etap?pte?? 96 17, 250 7.

etas?e??. 104 19, 108 9, 110 16 (e coni. Schaef.), 114 10. Modification. Lat. mutatio. So etas?e???e?? 110 6. Cp. text in 110 16 with 104 19, 108 9.

etaf???. 78 15. Transference, metaphor. “The figure of transport,” Puttenham. Lat. translatio.

et?????. 148 23. Upper. Lat. superior (t??? ete????? ?d??ta? = dentes superiores).

et???. 72 1. Participle. Lat. participium. Cp. D.H. p. 196.

et?????. 140 11, 172 2, 174 22, 176 7, 218 19. Metrical. Lat. metricus. 172 2 and 174 22 ?? et????? = ‘the metrists,’ ‘the theorists on metre’: cp. ?? ??????? 172 20.

?t????. 132 8, 150 9, 214 12, 222 26, 230 22, 234 22, 246 13. Moderate, fair. Lat. aequus.

?t???. 74 5, 84 16, 88 6, 8, 92 22, 118 22, 120 26, 172 17, passim. Measure, metre, verse, line. Lat. metrum, versus. In Aristot. Poet. iv. 7 metres are described as sections of rhythm (t? ??? ?t?a ?t? ???a t?? ????? ?st? fa?e???): that is, they are ‘measures,’ or ‘verses’; ‘parts of rhythm,’ which is indefinite and never comes to an end—?t??? being rhythm cut, as it were, into definite lengths (Cope Introduction to Aristotle’s Rhetoric p. 387). When contrasted with ??? (cp. Plato Gorg. 502 C t? te ????—‘the music’—?a? t?? ????? ?a? t? ?t???), ?t?a seems to denote the non-lyrical metres generally (hexameters, iambic trimeters, etc.): see 92 22, 120 26, 192 21, and especially 270 18-23.

????. 150 22, 154 6, 204 2, 224 15, 264 4. Length. Lat. longitudo. So ????e?? (to lengthen) 132 7, 152 24, 224 8, 13, 246 8. In 246 8 (and also in 276 9, where P gives ????e?? and MV give ????e?? t?? ?????) ????e?? is used absolutely (= a??????e??: cp. Aristoph. Lys. 1131 p?s??? e?p??’ ?? ??????, e? e ????e?? d???;). In 132 7 the meaning is ‘to prolong, or continue, in the same case with similar terminations’: just as Dionysius himself, inadvertently no doubt, repeats -?? in 132 9, 10.

??a. 208 18. Mixture, blend. Lat. mistura. Cp. ???? 130 25, 166 9; and also D.H. p. 197. It is possible that Dionysius may have written e??a, as in earlier Greek: in Ep. ad Pomp. c. 2 it is to be noticed that the manuscripts give de??a, where the sense clearly calls for e??a.

?????????. 90 20. Affected, finical. Lat. bellulus.

????????a. 266 11. Trifling, pettiness. Lat. rerum minutarum cura. In Theophrastus’ Characters the word is used of attention to trifles on the part of the mean or parsimonious man. Cp. also Demetr. p. 293, s.v. ???????e??.

????f????. 142 9. Small-voiced, non-resonant. Lat. qui vocem habet exiguam, sonum exiliorem.

??a. 160 2. Imitation. Lat. imitamentum. [F.’s reading here is ???ata, ‘expressions which indicate’: cp. de Demosth. c. 51 init.]

??t????. 158 4, 11, 200 11. Imitative. Lat. ad imitandum aptus. So ??t???? 202 1.

??e???. 266 7. Memorial. Lat. monumentum.

???tt??. 172 1, 184 4. Molossus. Lat. molossus. The metrical foot – – –.

??????at??. 152 20. Consisting of a single letter. Lat. qui unius est litterae.

???et???. 270 23. Consisting of one metre. Lat. monometer. Applicable to poems, like the Iliad and the Aeneid, which are written throughout in a single metre.

???s???a??. 168 11, 202 14. Monosyllabic. Lat. monosyllabus.

?????. 70 10, 96 3, 98 6, 106 11, 12, passim. Part, especially part of speech. Lat. pars, pars orationis. The meaning ‘part of speech’ appears in such passages as p???? ???a ? ??a ? t?? ????? t? ????? (106 12), t? ???a t?? ????? (110 1), ?? ????? ????? (126 7), p?? ???a ?a? ??a ?a? ???? ????? ???e?? (168 10). ‘Words’ simply might serve as a rendering in many cases, except that it is usually well to preserve Dionysius’ idea of ‘words in their syntactical relations,’ ‘words in a sentence.’ In 232 18 the meaning may be ‘in every word’: so 130 7, 134 25, 220 3, 222 10, 224 11.

??sa. 126 16, 252 20. Music, melody. Lat. musica concinnitas. So ??s??? 124 20, 128 18; ? ??s???? 138 6.

????. 138 10. A moaning, muttering, murmur, humming. Lat. gemitus. Cp. Demetr. p. 294, and Aesch. Eum. 117, 120.

???a. 158 13. Bellowing. Lat. mugitus.

?ea???. 66 16, 246 5. Youthful. Lat. iuvenilis. Cp. note on e??a???d?? in D.H. p. 196.

??t?. 210 7. Lowest note. Lat. ima chorda. See L. & S. s.v. ?e?t?.

???a. 66 5, 74 16, 84 6, 92 17, 112 15, 264 16. Idea. Lat. sententia. Cp. ???s?? (thought, perception) 74 3, 268 9; and D.H. p. 197.

????. 212 15, 276 1, 8. Meaning. Lat. sententia. Fr. sens, pensÉe.

?????. 78 17, 252 24, 272 11. Foreign, strange, unfamiliar. Lat. peregrinus, inusitatus, arcessitus. Cp. D.H. p. 197, Demetr. p. 294, and Classical Review xviii. 20 (as to ?e?????).

???e???. 110 13, 126 1, 134 20, 140 12, 154 19, 158 2, 168 7. Akin, appropriate, fitting. Lat. cognatus, domesticus, decorus. So ???e??? 72 8, 118 14, 134 10: ???e??t?? 122 21, 240 7: ???e???? 122 17. If the metaphors are to be fully pressed, we might render ???e?a ?a? f??a in 110 13 by ‘to seem loving members of the same family,’ and ???e??? in 118 14 by ‘in harmony with their inner significance.’ In 122 21 ???e??t?? is ‘a natural inclination or instinct.’ On 122 17 there is the following scholium in M: ???e???ta? ??t? t?? e?sta??? ?deta?. In 126 1 t? ???e??? (appropriateness) seems almost to stand for t? p??p?? and to be an illustration of Dionysius’ own love for variety. It is this unusually copious vocabulary of his that does much to relieve the dull monotony of a technical treatise. “In the works of Dionysius, the great representative of a later school of criticism [sc. than that of Aristotle], we meet for the first time a wealth of rhetorical terminology. In his numerous writings we find freely used a fully developed vocabulary, which is completely adequate for the purposes of the professional rhetorician and the broad literary critic” (Larue van Hook Metaphorical Terminology, etc. p. 8).

??????e??. 176 18. To manage. Lat. administrare, tractare. So ???????a 264 16. Cp. Aristot. Poet. xiii. 6 ?a? ? ????p?d??, e? ?a? t? ???a ? e? ??????e?, ???? t?a????tat?? ?e t?? p???t?? fa??eta?: Long. de Subl. i. 4 ?a? t?? t?? p?a??t?? t???? ?a? ???????a?: Quintil. Inst. Or. iii. 3. 9 “oeconomiae, quae Graece appellata ex cura rerum domesticarum et hic per abusionem posita nomine Latino caret.”

?????s???a??. 132 3. Consisting of few syllables. Lat. qui paucis constat syllabis.

?????s??des??. 212 21. Sparing in connectives. Lat. qui paucis utitur convinctionibus.

???e???. 146 10, 148 9. Of the same race or family. Lat. congener. Cp. ?????e??? (of like kind) 72 24, 132 19, 156 15; also ???????e??? 132 19.

??e?d??. 192 18, 198 6, 270 19. Of the same species or kind. Lat. uniformis. So ??e?de?a 274 1. Cp. Cic. ad Att. ii. 6 “etenim ?e???af??? quae constitueram magnum opus est ... et hercule sunt res difficiles ad explicandum et ??e?de?? nec tam possunt ????????afe?s?a? quam videbantur.”

??????a. 176 13, 254 17. Connexion, affinity. Lat. coniugatio.

????s????. 270 16. Like in shape. Lat. forma consimilis.

????t????. 132 6. Similarly accented. Lat. qui similis est toni.

??????????. 132 6 (bis). Of like quantity. Lat. qui similia habet tempora.

??t????. 128 7. Of the same pitch or accent. Lat. eiusdem toni s. accentus.

??f????. 128 9. With the same note. Lat. eiusdem chordae s. soni.

???a. 66 5, 70 9, 13, 20, 74 12, 84 6 passim. Word, noun. Lat. vocabulum, nomen. In 168 10, 264 5, etc., the meaning is ‘noun’; in 264 3, etc., ‘word.’

???as?a. 74 17, 234 5, 252 23, 274 2. Wording, naming, language. Lat. elocutio, appellatio. Cp. Rhet. ad Alex. c. 27 ??t??et?? ?? ??? ?st? t? ??a?t?a? t?? ???as?a? ?a ?a? t?? d??a?? t??? ??t??e?????? ????, ? t? ?te??? t??t??: Aristot. Poet. vi. 18 ???? d?, ?spe? p??te??? e???ta?, ????? e??a? t?? d?? t?? ???as?a? ????e?a?: Dionys. Hal. de Demosth. cc. 18, 34, 40: Demetr. de Eloc. §§ 91, 304.

???at???, t?. 70 18, 102 16, 17, 132 7. Nouns substantive. Lat. nomina substantiva.

????. 126 5, 8, 10, 128 6, 8. Acute (accent), high (pitch). Lat. acutus. So ???t?? 126 14. Cp. s.v. a???, p. 292 supra. In Aristot. Poet. c. 20 ???t?t? ?a? a??t?t? ?a? t? ?s? = ‘according as they [the letters] are acute, grave, or of an intermediate tone.’

???t????. 128 9. With high pitch or acute accent. Lat. qui acutum tonum s. accentum habet.

??as??. 118 24. Seeing, the act of sight. Lat. visus.

???a???. 122 25, 124 4, 22. Musical instrument. Lat. instrumentum. So the adjective ???a????? (instrumental) in 124 16, 126 16.

?????. 106 19. Nominative. Lat. rectus (casus): viz. ‘uninflected.’ In 102 19 ‘primary,’ as opposed to ‘secondary’; in 108 3 ‘active,’ as opposed to ‘passive.’ In 258 25 and 262 5 the meaning is ‘correct’; in 90 6 perhaps ‘tense’ (see the exx. given in L. & S. under the heading ‘excited’), the opposite of ?pt??? (supinus).

????e??. 132 22, 166 1, 234 21. To define, to limit. Lat. definire.

????. 182 13, 200 25, 210 5. Standard, condition, boundary. Lat. regula, condicio, finis. With the sense norma et regula in 182 13 cp. Long. de Subl. xxxii. 1 ? ??? ???s????? ???? ?a? t?? t????t??, Dionys. H. de Demosth. c. 1 ?? (???e??) ???? ?a? ?a??? ? T????d?d??.

??d?te???. 106 21. Neuter. Lat. qui neutri generis est. Cp. D.H. p. 198.

???a???. 142 12, 144 19, 150 6, 220 23. Palate. Lat. palatum. In the margin of R (with reference to 142 12) there is the note: t?? ?pe??a? f?s??. This sense of ???a??? is found several times in Aristotle (see Bonitz’ Index), and not (as has sometimes been supposed) for the first time in Dionysius. Cp. the converse caeli palatum in Ennius apud Cic. de Nat. Deor. ii. 18. 48 “sed dum, palato quid sit optimum, iudicat [Epicurus], caeli palatum (ut ait Ennius) non suspexit.”

??s?a. 98 8. Substance, essence. Lat. substantia.

????s??. 132 17. Annoyance, disgust. Lat. molestia.

????. 162 1, 14, 234 9. Appearance, visage. Lat. vultus, aspectus.

p????. 66 15, 88 12, 110 23, 112 5, 122 15, passim. Feeling, experience, emotion, affection, passion. Lat. affectus (Quintil. vi. 2. 8), animi motus (Cic. de Or. i. 5. 17), perturbatio (id. Tusc. iv. 5. 10). Cp. D.H. pp. 198, 199.—In 154 5, 268 18 p??? = ‘properties,’ ‘modifications,’ ‘differences.’

pa???. 184 3, 260 23, 262 9. Paeon. Lat. paeon. The metrical foot so called, consisting of three short syllables and one long in four possible orders—(1) –???, (2) ?–??, (3) ??–?, (4) ???–. These four varieties are sometimes called the first, second, third, and fourth paeon respectively. Cp. Aristot. Rhet. iii. 8. 4-6, Cic. de Orat. iii. 47. 183, Quintil. ix. 4. 47; and see Demetr. p. 296, s.v. pa???. Demetrius (§§ 38, 39) refers to two varieties only: cp. the note on 182 22 supra.

pa?de?a. 64 11, 262 20. Culture. Lat. doctrina, humanitas.

pa?????????. 228 7, 246 7. Festal, panegyrical. Lat. panegyricus. With the notion of ornate: cp. de Demosth. c. 8 (d???e?t??) e?a??p?ep? ??t??, pe??tt?? ?p???tt??, ?????a????? s?????, pa????????? ????????, a?st???? ??a???, s??t???? ??e?????, ?de?a? p?????, ?????? pa??t????.

pa?a???. 232 15. Meeting, juxtaposition. Lat. concursus.

pa????e?a. 270 3, 282 2, 7. Rule, precept. Lat. artis praeceptum. Cp. Long. de Subl. c. 2 te????? pa?a????ata, c. 6 ?? e?pe?? ?? pa?a????at? (‘if I must speak in the way of precept’). So pa?a?????e?? 132 16, 268 11 (cp. de Lysia c. 24 ta?ta ?? d? pa?a???????s? p??e?? ?? te??????f??), and pa?a??e?at???? 214 9 (= plenus praeceptis, doctrinis, regulis).

pa??de??a. 92 5, 136 2, 152 3, 214 6, 232 23, 240 24, etc. Instance. Lat. exemplum. t? pa?ade??ata is often used of appropriate (perhaps customary, or stock) examples: cp. de Isocr. cc. 10, 15, de Demosth. cc. 13 (middle), 53, and contrast de Lysia c. 34 and de Demosth. cc. 13 (end), 20.

pa?ad???e??. 206 13. To hurry along. Lat. abripere. Cp. the use of s??ded??????? in Long. de Subl. c. 21, and of ?atespe?s??a c. 19 ibid.—Usener adopts, in this passage, his own conjecture pa?ae????a?.

pa???es??. 130 25, 154 11, 166 9, etc. Placing. Lat. collocatio.

pa?a?e???d??e?????. 234 16. Daring, bold, venturesome. Lat. audax (as in Hor. Carm. iv. 2. 10). Fr. aventurÉ. Cp. Aristoph. Ran. 99 t????t??? t? pa?a?e???d??e?????, " a????a ???? d??t???, ? ?????? p?da: and see s.v. ?p????d???? p. 299 supra. The word is used also in de Lys. c. 13, de Isocr. c. 13, Ep. ad Pomp. c. 2.

pa?a??????e??. 108 6, 130 26, 136 12. To accompany. Lat. accidere, consequi.

pa?a?a??e??. 144 14, 172 12, 260 2, 264 14. To introduce, to employ. Lat. assumere, adhibere.

pa?a??a??. 152 8, 15, 22. Divergence. Lat. discrimen, permutatio.

pa?ap????a. 116 3, 166 17. Supplement, expletive. Lat. explementum, complementum. Cp. Cic. Or. 69. 230 “apud alios autem et Asiaticos maxime numero servientes inculcata reperias inania quaedam verba quasi complementa numerorum”; and also Demetr. p. 296, s.v. pa?ap????at????. The word occurs elsewhere in Dionysius: de Isocr. c. 3, de Demosth. cc. 19, 39.

pa?at????a?. 104 1. To bring forward, to cite. Lat. apponere, in medium adducere.

pa?a????e?? (pa?a??e??). 128 19, 152 18. To lengthen, to augment. Lat. augere.

pa???tas??. 154 21. Prolongation. Lat. extensio.

pa?efa??e??. 108 5. To hint at, to indicate. Lat. obiter indicare. Cp. Demetr. p. 297.

pa?efat????. 102 20. Indicative. Lat. indicativus. Cp. ?pa??fat?? p. 289 supra.

pa??????. 100 25. By the way, cursorily. Lat. obiter.

pa??e??p??. 234 15. Of maiden aspect. Lat. qui virgineo vultu est. The word seems to occur elsewhere only in Eurip. El. 948 ???’ ????’ e?? p?s?? " ? pa??e??p??, ???? t??d?e??? t??p?? [Gilbert Murray: “Ah, that girl-like face! " God grant not that, not that, but some plain grace " Of manhood to the man who brings me love”]. Cp. Cic. Orat. 19. 64 “nihil iratum habet [oratio philosophorum], nihil invidum, nihil atrox, nihil miserabile, nihil astutum; casta, verecunda, virgo incorrupta quodam modo.”

p???s??. 116 8, 212 7, 246 6. Parallel in structure. Lat. qui constat similibus membris. Cp. Aristot. Rhet. iii. 9. 9 pa??s?s?? d’ ??? ?sa t? ???a, pa?????s?? d’ ??? ???a t? ?s?ata ??? ???te??? t? ????? (where ???a t? ?s?ata indicates final letters that rhyme).

pa??st??a?. 154 19. To represent, to describe. Lat. depingere. Cp. Long. p. 282.

pa??????. 212 8, 246 6. Parallel in sound. Lat. qui constat similibus sonis.

pa??t??. 184 21. Stupidity, fat-headedness. Lat. stupor, ingenium crassum. Cp. D.H. p. 200, s.v. pa???.

pe???. 70 3, 76 2, 80 3, 108 11, etc. In prose, prosaic. Lat. pedester. pe?? ?????, pe?? d???e?t??, pe??? ?????, pe??? ????? = oratio soluta. Cp. Quintil. x. 1. 81 “multum enim supra prosam orationem et quam pedestrem Graeci vocant surgit [Plato].” In 120 27 the metaphor seems still to be strongly felt—‘marching on foot,’ ‘pedestrian.’

pe???. 84 11. Persuasiveness. Lat. persuadendi vis.

pe??a. 66 14, 102 21, 256 5, etc. Experience. Lat. experientia.

pe?t?et???. 256 23. Consisting of five metrical feet. Lat. pentameter.

pe?t???????. 262 9. Consisting of five times. Lat. qui constat temporibus quinque. See s.v. ?????? p. 333 infra.

pep???????. 78 17, 252 24. Invented, original, newly-coined. Lat. factus, novatus (Cic. de Orat. iii. 38. 154; i. 34. 155). Fr. forgÉ tout exprÈs. Cp. Aristot. Poet. xxi. 9; Demetr. p. 297; Quintil. viii. 6. 32 “vix illa, quae pep?????a vocant, quae ex vocibus in usum receptis quocunque modo declinantur, nobis permittimus, qualia sunt Sullaturit et proscripturit.”

pe????t??. 180 7. Notorious, celebrated. Lat. decantatus, celebratus.

pe???d??. 72 7, 10, 104 10, 116 2, etc. Period. Lat. periodus, comprehensio, verborum ambitus, etc. See Demetr. p. 298 for various references and equivalents, and also p. 323 (Index); Sandys’ Orator p. 217; Laurand’s Études pp. 126, 128.—According to Dionysius, the period should not be used to excess [see n. on 118 15]. Another weakness of the periodic construction is elsewhere noted by him: t??t? d? [sc. t? pa??t????] ???sta d??eta? pe???d?? (de Isocr. c. 2).

pe??spas??. 128 10. The circumflex accent. Lat. circumflexio, accentus circumflexus. Cp. pe??sp???a? 126 11: ‘drawn around,’ ‘twisted,’ ‘circumflexed.’ Aristotle denotes the circumflex accent by the term ‘middle’: ?st?? d? a?t? ?? ?? t? f???, p?? a?t? de? ???s?a? p??? ??ast?? p????, ???? p?te e???? ?a? p?te ???? ?a? ?s?, ?a? p?? t??? t?????, ???? ??e?? ?a? a?e?? ?a? ?s?, ?a? ?????? t?s? p??? ??asta (Aristot. Rhet. iii. 1. 4).

pe??st???e??. 142 16. To contract, to pucker up. Lat. contrahere.

pe??tt??. 74 13, 84 8, 182 4, 7. Extraordinary, richly wrought; exceedingly good, unsurpassed. Lat. excellens, curiosus, elaboratus. Cp. Long. de Subl. xl. 2 (where the word is opposed to ?????? ?a? d??d??), iii. 4, xxxv. 3. See also de Isocr. c. 3, de Demosth. cc. 8, 56, Ep. ad Pomp. c. 2 (pe??tt?????a): also Demetr. p. 298 (pe??ss?te???a).

pe??fa???. 244 18. Seen on every side. Lat. conspicuus. So pe??f??e?a 210 17, 234 2 (‘so that each word should admit an all-round view of it’).—PMV give pe??fa??? (not pe??fe???) in 246 3.

pe??fe???. 206 15, 230 31, 246 3. Circular, rounded. Lat. rotundus. Cp. [Dionys. Hal.] Ars Rhet. x. 13 t? st??????a ?a? t? pe??fe?? ???e?? p?????a. In Demetr. de Eloc. § 13 pe??fe?e?? st??a? = vaulted roofs.

pef????a? (c. infin.). 66 16, 70 3, 104 16, etc. To have a gift for, a liking for. Lat. solere, amare.

pef??a?????. 148 1. Guardedly. Lat. caute. The word is used in the Attic period by Xenophon and Isocrates.

p???e??. 144 21, 148 16, 220 18, 230 12. To close tight, to compress. Lat. comprimere.

p??a???. 98 17, 20, 100 17, 120 21. Attractive, plausible. Lat. probabilis, verisimilis.

p?????. 232 15. Bitter, harsh. Lat. acerbus. So p???a??e?? 130 19, 154 13, 216 17.

p????. 120 23, 136 16, 212 24, 236 8. Mellowing deposit, tinge of antiquity, flavour of archaism. Lat. antiquitas, antiquitas impexa (Tac. Dial. c. 20), nitor obsoletus (Auct. ad Her. iv. 4. 46). There is a suggestion of nÉgligÉ or abandon about the word, but on the whole it is not uncomplimentary: cp. Ep. ad Pomp. c. 2 ? te p???? ? t?? ???a??t?t?? ???a a?t? ?a? ?e????t?? ?p?t???e?, and de Demosth. c. 38 ???’ [??a] ?pa??? t?? a?ta?? ????? ???a??p???? ?a? ????? ??ast??. The compound e?p??e?a is found in Long. de Subl. xxx. 1. There is a scholium (preserved in M) on 120 23, which is, unfortunately, vague and uncertain: p???? ?????? ? ??p??, ?f’ ?? p??a?? ????. ???eta? d? ?a? t? ?pa????? t?s? ????de? ?? ?p? ???? ?a? ?p???. ?p? t??t?? ?a? ?p? t?? ????? t? ?p?fa???e??? a?t? ?? t? s?????? t?? ???e?? p???? p???? ?????e?. ?st? d? p???? ?a? ???a t?p??.

p??????. 106 20. Oblique. Lat. obliquus (casus).

p?a??s?a?. 254 16, 270 18. To wander, to be irregular. Lat. vagari. Used in reference to vague, elastic metre. So pe??pep?a????a ?t?a in de Demosth. c. 50.

p??sa. 90 6, 118 24. Cast, form. Lat. imago, forma dicendi. Cp. Ep. ad Pomp. c. 4 ???? d? ?a? ?????? ?a? e?a??p??pe?a? ?a? t? ?e??e??? ?d??? p??sa ?st?????? ???d?t?? ??e? (viz. “elevation, beauty, stateliness, and what is specifically called the ‘historical vein’”); Long. de Subl. xv. 8 p???t???? t?? ????? ?a? ???de? t? p??sa (the ‘form’). In de Demosth. c. 34 p??sa seems to have the same meaning as ?a?a?t?? in c. 33 ibid. [The musical meaning of moulded delivery, modulation does not emerge in the C.V.]

p??st??. 264 2. Modeller, in clay or wax. Lat. fictor.

p??t??. 210 9, 212 1, 246 19. Breadth. Lat. latitudo. So p?at?? 244 18. In 210 9 the meaning is, ‘belongs to the class of ideas which are regarded with a wide indefiniteness.’ So in Latin platice = p?at???? = ‘broadly,’ ‘generally’: cp. Usener Rhein. Mus. xxiv. 311. See also under ?pa?t??e??, p. 289 supra.

p?e????e??. 146 13, 214 12. To exceed due bounds. Lat. redundare. So p?e??as??, redundantia, 110 15.

p????. 142 4, 16, 144 5. Stroke, impact. Lat. ictus, percussio.

p?????t????. 106 18. In the plural number. Lat. pluraliter.

p????. 72 5, 130 22, 166 9. Combination. Lat. copulatio.

p???s???. 92 18. Rich. Lat. opulentus. The word is contrasted with pt???? (92 17), beggarly, mendicus: for which cp. the expression t? ???e? pt??e?e?? in the passage quoted, from Chrysostom, under ?pa??e??a p. 288 supra.

p???e??. 142 18. To stifle, to smother. Lat. suffocare.

p???a. 76 10, 78 5, 100 23, 154 2, 166 4, 192 8, 250 10, 16, 254 4, 7, 272 14. Poem; line of a poem (in this sense, more commonly st???? or ?p??). Lat. poËma, versus. So p??e?? 208 9, ‘to write poetry,’ and p???t?? 74 8 (but in 214 16 p???ta? means ‘writers’ generally: cp. de Demosth. c. 37 pa?’ ??de?? ??te ??t??? ??te pe??? p???t? ?????). p???a sometimes refers specially to epic and dramatic poetry (in contrast to song-poetry). In 64 10 the meaning is ‘product’ simply. For ‘poetry’ p???s?? is found: 214 1, 2, 252 24, 270 21, 274 7, 276 10.

p???t????. 70 2, 4, 108 11, 206 20, 208 8, 19, 252 20, 23, 29, etc. Poetical. Lat. poËticus. In 136 11 the meaning is ‘productive of.’

p??????a. 130 13, 192 18, 196 17, 25, 198 5. Variety, decoration. Lat. varietas. So p??????e?? 132 13, 192 20, 196 9; and p??????? 110 11, 154 19, 160 10, etc. p??????? may be rendered by such adjectives as ‘elaborate,’ ‘curious,’ ‘laborious,’ ‘multifarious,’ ‘kaleidoscopic,’ ‘ever-varying.’

p???t????. 64 15, 72 17, 124 21, 130 10, 214 1, 5, 254 25, 266 7, 272 20. Civil, parliamentary, political, public. Lat. civilis. See D.H. p. 203 for an explanatory note on p???t????. In 72 17, P has ??t??????? ??d??s?, which is an unlikely periphrasis for ??t??s? (104 8), but may well indicate the general meaning of p???t????? ??d??s?: cp. de Demosth. c. 23 ta?ta d? p???t????? ?a? ??t??s?? ??d??s? e??se?. Compare generally, in Aristot. Poet. c. vi., the words t?? p???t???? ?a? ??t?????? ????? ?st??, and ?? ?? ??? ???a??? p???t???? ?p????? ?????ta?, ?? d? ??? ??t??????.

p???et???. 272 5. Of many measures or metres. Lat. qui multis constat metris.

p?????f??. 160 12. Of many forms. Lat. multiformis. Cp. p???e?d?? 196 25, p???e?d?? 270 11.

p???p?a???e??. 264 6. To bother about. Lat. summa cura elaborare.

p???s???a??. 126 14, 132 5. With many syllables. Lat. qui syllabis pluribus constat.

p???f????. 160 23. Of many voices. Lat. qui multas voces emittit. Used of the variety of tones in Homer’s ‘composition.’ In the de Sublim. c. xxxiv. the term is applied to Hypereides, who ?? p??ta ???? ?a? ???t???? [i.e. at one sustained high pitch] ?? ? ???s????? ???e?.

p???. 86 1, 168 12, 172 20, 174 22, 24, 178 7, 184 1, 256 9, 12, 258 19, 260 3. Metrical foot. Lat. pes. t? d’ a?t? ?a?? p?da ?a? ????? 168 11. Aristoxenus, ?????? st???e?a ii. 16, writes: ? s?a???e?a t?? ????? ?a? ??????? p????e? t? a?s??se?, p??? ?st?? e?? ? p?e????. Cope (Introduction to Aristotle’s Rhetoric p. 383) thinks that Dionysius neglects the important distinction between ?s??, the unit of rhythm, and p???, the unit of metre. Goodell (Greek Metric p. 47) thus paraphrases a passage of Marius Victorinus (p. 44 K.): “Between foot and ‘rhythmus’ there is this difference, that a foot cannot exist without rhythm, but a ‘rhythmus’ moves rhythmically without being divisible into feet.” [It is this kind of ‘rhythmus’ that counts in rhythmical prose.]

p?a?ate?a. 68 8, 14, 17, 70 8, etc. Inquiry, treatise, work. Lat. studium, commentatio, opus. So p?a?ate?es?a? 106 5, 10, 140 22, 268 7.

p?a?at????. 66 6. Pertaining to subject matter or invention. Lat. negotialis. Cp. Quintil. iii. 7. 1 “a parte negotiali, hoc est p?a?at???.” The p?a?at???? t?p?? (“tractatio rerum et sententiarum”) covers subject matter, things, thoughts; the ?e?t???? t?p?? includes expression, form, style.

p?a??. 162 5, 244 21. Gentle. Lat. lenis. Cp. Demetr. p. 299.

p??p??, t?. 120 19, 122 13, 124 11, 136 12, 198 13, 14. Propriety, appropriateness, fitness. Lat. decorum. Fr. la convenance. Cp. Cic. Orat. 21. 70 “ut enim in vita, sic in oratione nihil est difficilius quam quid deceat videre. p??p?? appellant hoc Graeci; nos dicamus sane decorum; de quo praeclare et multa praecipiuntur et res est cognitione dignissima: huius ignoratione non modo in vita, sed saepissime et in poËmatis et in oratione peccatur.” The Greek rhetoricians drew the term from the language of ethics. Aristot. Rhet. iii. 7. 1 t? d? p??p?? ??e? ? ?????, ??? ? pa??t??? te ?a? ????? ?a? t??? ?p??e?????? p???as?? ????????. So p?ep?d?? 106 17.

p???pe???. 86 8. Priapean: as a metrical term. Lat. Priapeius. Effeminate and ribald verse, written in honour of Priapus, and involving a mutilation of the heroic line.

p?????es??. 242 2. A prefatory account. Lat. expositio antea data.

p???es??. 70 21, 108 16, 220 6. Preposition. Lat. praepositio.

p?????a. 184 16, 186 1. Deliberation. Lat. consilium.

p???????. 224 24, 252 3. Introduction. Lat. exordium.

p??pet??. 244 22. Flowing. Lat. volubilis, profluens.

p??sa???e?s??. 260 22. Address. Lat. allocutio, compellatio.

p??se?a???e??. 116 4. To augment. Lat. cumulare. The period in question has been aided (so to say) by the alms of expletives. For the metaphor cp. s??e?a????e?a de Isocr. c. 3 and ??a??? de Imitat. B. vi. 2.

p??se?e?de??. 148 22. To drive against. Lat. impingere, allidere. In 220 24 p??sa??stas?a? is similarly used of ‘rising against.’

p??se???. 84 6. Obvious, natural, allied, appropriate. Lat. proximus, cognatus (cum re coniunctus). In 258 24 the sense is ‘adjoining.’

p??s????????. 70 17, 102 17, 18, 218 6, 11, 220 7, 16, 222 24, 230 1. Appellative. Lat. appellativus. ???a p??s???????? = common noun, Lat. nomen appellativum. It would appear from Dionysius Thrax (Ars Grammatica p. 23 Uhlig) that ???a might include p??s?????a (= ???a p??s????????), while p??s?????a could cover participles (et??a?) and adjectives (?p??eta) as well as common nouns. But the strict division is that of proper names and general terms, as given by Dionysius Thrax (ibid. pp. 33, 34): ?????? ?? ??? ?st? t? t?? ?d?a? ??s?a?, s?a????, ???? ?????, S????t??. p??s???????? d? ?st? t? t?? ?????? ??s?a? s?a????, ???? ?????p??, ?pp??. In such passages as 222 24 and 230 1 ‘adjective’ would be an appropriate modern rendering. Quintil. i. 4. 21 “vocabulum an appellatio dicenda sit p??s?????a et subicienda nomini necne, quia parvi refert, liberum opinaturis relinquo.” In 272 25 p??s?????a = appellation.

p??s?stas?a?. 132 8. To offend. Lat. obstrepere. Cp. de Isocr. c. 2 p??s?st?e??? ta?? ???a??, c. 14 ibid. t? ??? ? ?? ?a??? ???es?a?, ?d’ ?? ???, p??s?stas?a? f?? ta?? ???a??, Antiqq. Rom. i. 8 ???e?de?? ??? ??e??a? te ?a? ta?? p??s?st?e?a? (= cito offendunt) t??? ??????s??.

p??s?atas?e???e??. 110 14 (v.l. p???atas?e???e??). To model further, remodel. Lat. insuper instruere.

p??s?d?a???. 86 3. Processional: see n. ad loc.

p??s?d?a. 128 12, 196 17, 268 20. Accent. Lat. accentus. The word is defined in 196 17 t?se?? f???? a? ?a???e?a? p??s?d?a?. See further s.v. t???? p. 329 infra, and compare Bywater Aristotle on the Art of Poetry p. 336 “p??s?d?a with Aristotle comprises accent, breathing, and quantity—all the elements in the spoken word which in the ancient mode of writing were left to be supplied by the reader.” The symbols used in accentuation are supposed to have been introduced by Aristophanes of Byzantium, if not by some still earlier scholar, in order to recall to Greeks and teach foreign learners the true intonation of the language, which was in danger of being corrupted and forgotten when the Greek world grew vast and came to include so many foreign elements.

p??s?p??. 160 18, 198 23. Person, character. Lat. persona. Cp. Demetr. p. 300.

pt?s??. 106 20, 108 4, 132 7, 212 20, 264 4. Grammatical case. Lat. casus. ‘Verbal cases’ are mentioned in 108 4; in Aristotle the term pt?s?? includes inflexions in general.

p????????. 168 17. Pyrrhic. Lat. pyrrhichius. The metrical foot ? ?.

??a. 70 13, 21, 168 10, 218 6, 7, 264 5. Verb. Lat. verbum. So ??at???? 108 4 (verbal), 220 17 (verbal form).

??t??. 74 8, 132 22, 166 12, 200 14, 206 25, 218 21, 236 20, 242 7, 248 15. Orator, rhetorician. Lat. orator, rhetor. As in English we have no similarly two-sided word, it is often hard to decide between the renderings, ‘speaker’ and ‘teacher of speaking.’ So ??t?????? 68 9, 254 25, 262 20.

??????. 138 10. A whizzing. Lat. stridor.

?????e??. 180 13. To bring into rhythm, to scan. Lat. scandere. Cp. the use of a??e?? and d?a??e??.

?????. 120 18, 122 12, 124 6, 9, passim. Rhythm, harmonious movement of speech. Lat. numerus. For le nombre oratoire in Cicero (whose prose, however, like Roman prose generally, must not be taken to follow exclusively Attic standards) see Laurand’s Études pp. 109-11, and cp. Cic. Orat. 20. 67 “quicquid est enim, quod sub aurium mensuram aliquam cadat, etiamsi abest a versu—nam id quidem orationis est vitium—numerus vocatur, qui Graece ????? dicitur.” Quintil. Inst. Or. ix. 4. 45 “omnis structura ac dimensio et copulatio vocum constat aut numeris (numeros ?????? accipi volo) aut ?t????, id est dimensione quadam.” It was a suggestive saying of Scaliger’s that metre gives the exact ‘measure’ of the line, rhythm its ‘temperament.’ As Dionysius identifies ????? and p??? (168 11; cp. 176 2, 3), we may translate ????? by ‘foot’ in 180 11, 182 19 (cp. sp??de??? p??? 178 7), 200 17, 206 9, etc.—Cp. Aristot. Rhet. iii. 8. 2 t? d? ??????? ?p??a?t??, de? d? pepe????a? ??, ? ?t?? d?? ??d?? ??? ?a? ????st?? t? ?pe????. pe?a??eta? d? ????? p??ta? ? d? t?? s??at?? t?? ???e?? ?????? ????? ?st??, ?? ?a? t? ?t?a t?t?? d?? ????? de? ??e?? t?? ?????, ?t??? d? ?? p???a ??? ?sta?. ????? d? ? ??????? t??t? d? ?sta? ??? ???? t?? ?. So ??????? 128 18 (where the reference is to lyric metres), 168 8, 172 20 (cp. ?? et?????), 176 7. Quintilian (ix. 4. 68) provides a good example of the divisions recognized by the rhythmici: “quis enim dubitet, unum sensum in hoc et unum spiritum esse: animadverti, iudices, omnem accusatoris orationem in duas divisam esse partes? tamen et duo prima verba et tria proxima et deinceps duo rursus ac tria suos quasi numeros habent spiritum sustinentes, sicut apud rhythmicos aestimantur.”

??pa???. 134 24. Filthy, sordid. Lat. sordidus.

??s??. 244 21. Flow. Lat. fluxus.

??s??. 92 10. Wrinkled. Lat. rugosus.

?????e?. 144 22, 23, 146 11, 220 25. Nostrils. Lat. nares. In 146 11 d?? t?? ??????? s??????e?a = nasal.

Sapf????. 258 7. Of Sappho. Lat. Sapphicus.

saf??e?a. 160 22. Clearness, lucidity. Lat. perspicuitas. Fr. clartÉ, nettetÉ. The adjective saf?? occurs in 210 4.

se???. 186 2. Page. Lat. pagina libri.

se??t??. 84 2, 110 19, 164 20, 166 12, 170 2, 172 11, 236 8. Gravity, majesty. Lat. granditas, dignitas, gravitas. Fr. majestÉ. So se??????a 120 23, 174 17; se??? 68 5, 80 12, 84 8, etc. It is not easy to find a good equivalent for se???, as ‘dignified’ comes nearer to ????at????; ‘impressive’ (or the like) to e?a??p?ep??; ‘lofty,’ ‘elevated,’ or ‘sublime,’ to ??????. ‘Solemn,’ ‘majestic,’ ‘august,’ or ‘stately’ will sometimes serve.

s?a??e??. 74 3, 134 25. To betoken, to express. Lat. significare.

s????. 138 10. A hissing. Lat. sibilus. Fr. sifflement.

s??p?. 218 16, 220 2, 230 4. Silence, interval, pause. Lat. silentium, intermissio. Modern metrists who confine their attention to syllables are apt to neglect the interrelations of silence and sound. Dionysius would, on the contrary, have recognized that the pauses denoted by punctuation are the key to the metre in such lines as “Thy rankest fault; all of them; and require” (Tempest v. 1).

s?a??t??. 250 8. Clumsiness, stupidity. Lat. rusticitas, imperitia. Fr. gaucherie: cp. the editor’s Ancient Boeotians p. 6.

s?e????a. 264 7. Elaboration. Lat. cura artificiosa. Cp. de Thucyd. c. 5 s?e????a? te??????, c. 29 ????? d? d????a???? s?e????a? ???e??te???: Hesych. s?e????a? ?atas?e??.

s??e???. 234 13. Shady, dark. Lat. obscurus.

s??????. 132 1, 154 12. Hard. Lat. durus. Cp. D.H. p. 205.

s?f??. 122 25. Thick, husky. Lat. subraucus, fuscus. Cp. Schol. in M, s?f?? ????? ???????? ?a? ????e?a?. Some of the MSS. give ?s?f????, thus repeating a word used a few lines earlier.

s?f?st??. 190 10, 264 19. Sophist. Lat. sophista. The comprehensiveness of the term is well illustrated by the fact that in the former passage it is applied to Hegesias, in the latter to Isocrates and Plato. In the parallel passage of the de Demosth. (c. 51) ???? ?e d? t??t??? t??? ?a?a??????? ?p? s?f?? ?a? ??at?st?? ????? p???t?? ?????????? ?s????t?? ?a? ???t??a ???pt??? ?a? t??e?t??? ?????ta? ??f????ta? ??????. Cp. Demetr. p. 301.

spad????e??. 142 9. To emasculate, to cramp. Lat. spadonium sonum reddere. This reading seems preferable on several grounds: (1) it is the more difficult of the two; (2) the sense of ‘choke the voice’ seems to agree well with ??d? s?????e? t??? ????? (162 4 ‘and will not impede the voice’); (3) spa???e?? (intransitive: cp. de Demosth. c. 32, de Thucyd. c. 19) t?? ???? would be more common than spa???e?? t?? ????: (4) spad???s??? t?? ???? (‘impediments to sound,’ ‘arrested sounds’) occurs, without variant, in de Demosth. c. 40, and is adopted by U.-R. as well as by other editors; (5) the authority of R seems to support spad????e? rather than (as U.-R. think) spa???e?.

sp??de???. 170 2, 178 7 (with p?de?), 202 20. Spondee. The metrical foot – –. Vossius thus describes the effect of the spondee: “hic pes incessum habet tardum et magnificum; itaque rebus gravibus, et maxime sacris, vel ipso attestante vocabulo, imprimis adhibetur.” Cp. Hor. Ars Poet. 255 “tardior ut paulo graviorque veniret ad aures, " spondeos stabiles in iura paterna recepit [sc. iambus],” and Cic. Orat. 64. 216.

sp??d??e??. 66 8, 94 16. To be eager. Lat. studere, sedulo operam navare. For the middle voice of this verb see note on p. 95 supra. The noun sp??d? occurs in 156 14, 186 4, 192 7, 212 16.

sta?e???. 234 4. Steadfast. Lat. stabilis. t? sta?e??? = la lenteur grave.

st???. 236 4. A carpenter’s line or rule. Lat. amussis. ?p? st???? = velut ad amussim, ‘regulated by line and rule, by square and level.”

ste???. 142 19, 146 3. Narrow. Lat. angustus. In 146 3 it is coupled with ?ept??.

st??????. 202 24. A sustaining (of the voice on certain syllables), a pause. Lat. mora. See under ??????sa, p. 297 supra; and under ??t?st??????, p. 288 supra. So st???????a? 220 18, ‘to be firmly planted,’ ‘to be sustained.’

st?a???. 216 16. Hardy, robust. Lat. robustus. The word occurs also in de Thucyd. c. 24. Cp. the French nerveux. Hesych. st?a???? e???st??, a??, e?t????, ste????, ?s?????. As is pointed out by Larue van Hook (Metaphorical Terminology of Greek Rhetoric p. 20), both Latin and English abound in similar terms of style drawn from good physical condition: nervi, vires, vigor, lacerti, ossa, robur: full-blooded, hearty, lively, lusty, muscular, nervous, robust, sinewy, supple, strenuous, vigorous, etc.

st????. 86 2, 12, 88 7, etc. A line of poetry. Lat. versus. In de Thucyd. c. 19 the word is used with reference to prose: ?t? p???? ?a? e???a p???ata pa?a??p??, t? p??????? t?? ?st???a? ???? pe?ta??s??? ??????e? st????.

st???e???. 70 11, 20, 108 10, 110 9, 138 1, etc. Element. Lat. elementum. So st???e??d?? 138 14. With the use of st???e??? in c. 14 cp. Aristot. Poet. c. 20, where the word is defined as f??? ?d?a??et??, ?? p?sa d?, ???’ ?? ?? p?f??e s??et? ????es?a? f???. In 108 10 the meaning practically is ‘principle,’ ‘rule.’

st??fe??. 264 3, 270 11. To turn, to twist. Lat. torquere. In 270 11 the meaning may be conveyed by ‘to change the words about,’ ‘to permute or vary the order of the words,’ ‘to give a new turn to the sentence.’

st????????. 112 11. Compact, rounded, terse. Lat. rotundus. Fr. arrondi. See the examples quoted in D.H. p. 205, and add de Lys. c. 9 st??????? ?a? p????, de Isaeo c. 3 st??????? te ?a? d??a???? ??? ?tt?? ?st?? ? ?sa??? ????? t?? ??s???. So st????????e?? 142 15. Latin equivalents, or parallels, may be found in Horace’s ore rotundo (Ars P. 323), Cicero’s contortus (Orat. 20. 66), Quintilian’s corrotundare (xi. 3. 102). “st???????? is used of the new stylistic artifices of the sophistical rhetoric by Aristophanes Acharn. 686 (st????????? t??? ??as?), and by Plato Phaedr. 234 E. In later usage it is constantly used of periodic composition” (G. L. Hendrickson in American Journal of Philology xxv. 138).

st??f?. 194 6, 9, 10, 16, 19, 254 13, 272 5, 278 8. Strophe, stanza. Lat. stropha.

st??f???. 228 7. Harsh, astringent. Lat. acerbus. See D.H. p. 205 (s.v. st??f???: in C.V. 228 7 F has st??f???), with the reference to Jebb’s equivalent ‘biting flavour’ (Att. Orr. i. 35).

st?fe??. 154 13. To draw up the mouth. Lat. astringere. Used of sounds that make the hearer pull a wry face and screw up his lips. Cp. de Demosth. c. 38 ??a??p?? ?a? ??t?st??????? ?a??e?? ?a? t?a??t?ta? ?? ta?? s?p???a?? t?? ????t?? ?p?st?f??sa? t?? ????? ?s??? ???eta?.

s????afe??. 74 8, 76 3, 154 17, 206 25, 214 15, 228 11, 236 18, 248 14. Prose-writer, historian. Lat. scriptor (prosaicus); (scriptor) historicus. ?st???????f?? (de Thucyd. c. 2) is a less ambiguous expression than s????afe?? (c. 5 ibid.) or than ???????f?? (c. 20 ibid.).—In 68 9 s?????fe?? = to compose (a treatise).

s????p?. 156 19, 230 7. Stoppage. Lat. impeditio. So s????pte?? (‘impede the voice,’ ‘check the utterance’) 162 4. [This meaning seems to bring the three passages fairly into line: otherwise s????pa? t?? ????, in 230 7, might well mean ‘durae sonorum collisiones et concursiones.’]

s?????te??. 206 16. To weld together. Lat. compingere, coagmentare.

s??????s??. 230 27. Collision, concurrence, consonance. Lat. concursus. Fr. rencontre. So s??????e?? 202 18, 224 10. Cp. Demetr. p. 302. The reference is to a succession of two vowels which do not form a diphthong, either in the same word (e.g. ??a?) or with hiatus between two words (e.g. ???e’ ????ta: or ?a? ??p?sa?, te ?ses?a?, ?a? ????????tat??). Cp. de Demosth. c. 43. Cicero’s opinion of the ‘concourse of vowels’ (quoted by Quintil. ix. 4. 37) is given in Orat. 23. 77 “verba etiam verbis quasi coagmentare neglegat; habet enim ille tamquam hiatus et concursus vocalium molle quiddam et quod indicet non ingratam neglegentiam de re hominis magis quam de verbis laborantis.” On the other hand, Pope (Essay on Criticism) states and exemplifies the weak side of hiatus by means of the line, ‘Tho’ oft the ear the open vowels tire’; and Cicero himself (Orat. 44. 150) writes, “quod quidem Latina lingua sic observat, nemo ut tam rusticus sit qui vocales nolit coniungere.” In English, the question of hiatus raises sundry points of an interesting kind. Should we, for example, say ‘an historian’ and ‘an historical book,’ on the ground that the initial aspirate is evanescent when the accent falls on the second syllable; and similarly ‘an united family’ but ‘a union of hearts’?

s?????pte??. 130 26. To hide, to disguise. Lat. occulere.

s???e??. 210 22, 228 4, 232 12, 234 19. To polish. Lat. expolire. Cp. de Demosth. c. 40 p????? sf?d?a p??????? f???t?da t?? s??e??s?a? ?a? s????e?f?a? ?a? p??pete?? ?p??t?? a?t?? e??a? t?? ?????a?.

s??????es?a?. 244 17. To be closely joined. Lat. cohaerere, mutuo se contingere.

s?????a. 84 11, 104 17, 106 19, etc. Coupling, grouping, combination. Lat. coniunctio. Fr. liaison. So de Demosth. c. 40 (the passage quoted s.v. s????, infra).

s???a?. 150 16. Syllable. Lat. syllaba. Words like this serve to remind us how much of our modern rhetorical and grammatical terminology is taken direct from the Greek.

s???ea??e??. 230 20. To rub smooth, to polish. Lat. levigare, polire. Cp. de Demosth. c. 43 ?? d? t? de?t??? pe???d? t?a???eta? ?? ? s???es?? ?? t? “e???? ??? ??p?” d?? t? ? s??a?e?fes?a? t? d?? ? ?, ?a? ?? t? “?????p?? p???ata” d?? t? ? s???ea??es?a? t? ? t? ????.

s?e???ta, t?. 98 8, 9, 140 14, 264 6, 268 19. The accidental, non-essential, qualities of a thing. Lat. accidentia. In 268 19 the reference is to the changes which words undergo in the way of contraction, expansion, acute or grave accentuation, etc.

s????. 210 20, 232 13. Clashing. Lat. concursus. In 232 13 the reference is to les chocs des voyelles. Cp. de Demosth. c. 40 ?a? d?? t??t? fe??e? ?? ?p?s? sp??d? t?? t?? f?????t?? s????? ?? t?? ?e??t?ta ?a? t?? e??pe?a? d?asp?sa?, fe??e? d?, ?s? d??a?? a?t?, t?? ??f???? te ?a? ?f???? ??a?t?? t?? s?????a?, ?sa? t?a?????s? t??? ????? ?a? ta??tte?? d??a?ta? t?? ?????.

s?????. 84 4. Token, label. Lat. signum.

s?et??a. 130 7, 12, 246 2, 4, 270 10. Due proportion. Lat. iusta mensura. In 270 10 s?et??a would seem to mean the arrangement of the periods within the lines or verses (?t?a: the variant ?et??a is to be noticed); and with it should be compared s??t??? in 270 13, though there Upton suggests ?s??t??? and Schaefer s??t????. s??t??? occurs also in 232 9; and s?et?e?? in 212 18, 276 26. Cp. de Demosth. c. 43 ?ste s?et?????a? p??? ??d??? p?e?a.

s?p??????. 180 11, 182 16. To complete, to constitute. Lat. absolvere.

s?p????. 160 9, 198 6, 240 16. Intertwining, blending. Lat. implicatio. So s?p???e?? 154 17, 258 4. For the metaphor from weaving cp. ??pte?? and ?fa??e??: Pindar Nem. iv. 153 ??ata p?????: Swinburne Erechtheus 1487 “I have no will to weave too fine or far, " O queen, the weft of sweet with bitter speech.”

s?pt?s??. 240 12. Concurrence. Lat. concursus.

s?f???t??. 72 22. Collected promiscuously, miscellaneous. Lat. collatus, collecticius.

s????e??. 144 18, 212 3. To contract. Lat. contrahere, coarctare.

s??a???f?. 108 18, 180 17, 218 7, 222 24, 256 22. Blending, fusion, amalgamation. Lat. coitus, vocalium elisio. Fr. synalÈphe (contraction, ou jonction de plusieurs voyelles). So s??a?e?fe?? 220 1, 222 26, 234 8, 236 6, 244 17. Compare Demetr. p. 303, together with the passage there quoted from Quintil. ix. 4. 35-7 (including the words “coËuntes litterae, quae s??a???fa? dicuntur”), and see (as to hiatus) Sandys’ Orator pp. 160 ff. and Laurand’s Études pp. 114-6. Cp. de Demosth. c. 43 ?a? ?at’ ?????? d?? t?p??? ? t?e?? t? ??f??a ?a? ?f??a pa?ap?pt??ta ???????? t? f?s?? ??? ????ta s??a?e?fes?a? ?? te t? “t?? F???pp??” ?a? ?? t? “ta?t? f?e??? p??sp??e?sa?” ta??tte? t??? ????? et???? ?a? ??? ?? fa??es?a? a?a????? ?? d? t? de?t??? pe???d? ?t?. (the remainder of the passage is given under s???ea??e??, p. 324 supra).

s??apa?t??e??. 212 11, 270 13. To complete (the sense) simultaneously. Cp. Demetr. de Eloc. §§ 2, 10 (together with ?pa?t??e?? in Glossary p. 267 ibid.), and also the note on pp. 270, 271 supra. Cp. de Demosth. c. 39 ?t? t?? ?????a? ta?t?? ???e??? ?st? ?a? t? t?? pe???d??? a?t??????? t??a? e??a? ?a? ?fe?e?? ?a? ?te s??apa?t????sa? ?a?ta?? t?? ???? ?te s?eet????a? t? p?e?at? t?? ?????t?? ?d? ?e pa?ap????as? t?? ????t?? ??? ??a??a???? ?? p??? t?? ?p??e????? d?????a? ?????a? ?d’ e?? ?eat?????? t??a? ?a? ??af????? ?ata?????sa? ??????.

s???pte??. 202 19, 240 20, 262 4. To link together. Lat. adiungere, connectere. Dionysius’ love of variety may be seen by comparing together 262 4, 258 4, 256 20, 22, 258 24.

s??a??tte??. 118 14, 134 11, 234 19. To adapt one thing to another. Lat. accommodare. Used with reference to adjusting, dovetailing, interlinking.

s??as?e??. 282 1. To practise simultaneously. Lat. simul exercere.

s??des??. 70 14, 17, 72 1, 218 7, 220 5, 258 27. Conjunction, connective, connecting word. Lat. copula, coniunctio. ‘Particle,’ or ‘connecting-particle,’ will sometimes be a suitable rendering, as the term includes particles like ??a (258 27) and ?? and d? (Demetr. de Eloc. §§ 55, 56, 196), and may even be applied to prepositions (220 5, 6). In a difficult passage of Aristot. Poetics (xx. 6), among the examples offered of s??des?? are ?f?, pe??, ??, ?t??, as well as d?. A good account of the word will be found in Cope’s Introduction to Aristotle’s Rhetoric pp. 371-4, 392-7. See further Quintil. i. 4. 18; Aristot. Rhet. iii. 6. 6.

s??ed?e?e??. 100 10, 160 19. To attend, to accompany. Lat. assidere, adiungi. Used, in 100 10, of the accompanying relations (mode, place, time, etc.), which adverbs denote in reference to verbs.

s??e?t???e??. 274 24. To run out together, to be of the same length. Lat. aequis passibus concurrere.

s??e?f??e??. 240 11. To pronounce concurrently. Lat. simul pronuntiare. Cp. s??e?f??? 230 3.

s??ef?a?????. 126 10, 144 12, 234 13. Imperceptibly blended, melting into each other. Lat. commistus. f???? is the technical term for the mixing of colours in painting: e.g. Plut. Mor. 346 A ?a? ??? ?p????d???? ? ?????f??, ?????p?? p??t?? ??e???? f????? ?a? ?p????s?? s????, ????a??? ??. Perhaps it is this sense of ‘fusion’ that led to f???? being used, in Byzantine music, in some such sense as ‘modulation.’

s??e???. 230 17, 20, 244 21, 246 1. Continuous, unbroken. Lat. continuus. So s??e??? 132 9, 230 29, 280 21. s????e?a (240 5) = coherence, ‘continuus compositionis tenor.’

s????e??. 140 21, 144 20, 146 11. To sound at the same time. Lat. consonare. In 140 21 the translation of the manuscript reading s??e???s?? may be “while all these are pronounced, the windpipe constricts the breath,” A. J. Ellis op. cit. p. 41 (with the note, “probably this is what Dionysius considered the cause of voice”).

s???es??. 68 5, 7, 19, 70 3, 9, 72 8, 74 15, 78 9, 86 2, 13, 90 19, 134 26 etc., 200 10, 16, 202 1, 7, 204 9, 232 25, 240 23, 270 9. Composition. Lat. compositio. ‘Composition’ (with the addition of ‘literary,’ to mark it off from other kinds of composition) seems the least inadequate English rendering of s???es??, and comes nearest to the usual Latin title. To judge by the actual contents of the treatise (which go beyond Dionysius’ occasional and fragmentary definitions), the term ‘putting-together’ can be applied not only to ???ata, but (on the one side) to ???ata and s???aa? and (on the other) to ???a and pe???d??, and to a poem of Sappho or the proem of Thucydides. Hence ‘arrangement (or order, ordonnance) of words’ proves, in practice, too narrow a title, though the euphonic and symphonic arrangement of words and the elements of words is the main theme, and though there is (as has been pointed out in the Introduction, p. 11 supra) some danger of ‘literary composition’ seeming to promise a treatment of the p?a?at???? t?p??. One of the definitions of composition in the New English Dictionary will apply very fairly to the de Compositione Verborum: “the due arrangement of words into sentences, and of sentences into periods; the art of constructing sentences and of writing prose or verse,” while ?????a (which is s???es?? in special reference to skilful and melodious combination) might well be defined in the words there quoted from the Arte of Rhetorique of T. Wilson (1553 A.D.): “composition ... is an apt joyning together of wordes in such order, that neither the eare shall espie any jerre, nor yet any man shalbe dulled with overlong drawing out of a sentence.” The form s?????? is found, in practically the same sense as s???es??, in the Epitome c. 3; in Lucian de conscrib. hist. c. 46 ?a? ?? ?a? s?????? t?? ????t?? e????t? ?a? ?s? ???st???; and in Chrysostom de Sacerdotio iv. 6 (quoted under ?pa??e??a p. 288 supra). As Latin equivalents (in addition to ‘de Compositione Verborum’), ‘de Collocatione Verborum’ or ‘de Constructione Verborum’ might be supported out of Cicero’s Orator and de Oratore; and something might be said, too, in favour of ‘de Structura Orationis’ or (more fully) ‘de compositione, seu orationis partium apta inter se collocatione.’—s???et???? occurs in 104 15, and s???et?? in 144 11, 176 3, 184 3.

s??????. 208 13. A general view. Lat. conspectus. e?? s?????? ???e?? d???e??? would, in Aristotle’s conciser phrase, be: e?s???pt??.—The verb s?????? occurs in 184 22, s???de?? 182 3.

s??t?ttes?a?. 80 5, 94 15, 96 6, 98 19, 20, 104 5, 106 13, 264 21. To put together, to compose, to treat of. Lat. componere, tractare. So s??ta?a 214 9, and s??ta??? (‘arrangement,’ ‘co-ordination,’ ‘treatise’) 94 3, 96 2, 13, 16, etc.

s??t????a?. 68 3, 74 12, 106 11, etc. To arrange words or sounds, to compose. Lat. componere.

s???fa??e??. 134 12, 166 17, 184 14, 234 9, 20, 240 7. To weave together. Lat. contexere. Lucian (de conscrib. hist. 48) uses the word: ?a? ?pe?d?? ?????s? ?pa?ta ? t? p?e?sta, p??ta ?? ?p???? t? s???fa???t? a?t?? ?t?. [The passage is given in full under ???a, p. 333 infra.]

s???d??. 220 17, 224 16, 232 8. In harmony with, accordant. Lat. concors.

s??????. 146 14, 148 7, 160 1. A hissing. Lat. sibilus. So s????a 146 3. In 160 1 the reference is to the ‘whistling of ropes,’ the ‘shrieking of tackle’: cp. Virg. Aen. i. 87 “insequitur clamorque virum stridorque rudentum.”

s????s??. 162 21. A flowing together, conflux. Lat. concursus. Two forms of the word are found: s???e?s?? and (as here) s????s??.

s?st???e??. 140 19, 152 25, 206 1. To compress. Lat. contrahere, corripere. So s?st??? 142 18, 268 20.

s?st??fe??. 204 9. To abbreviate. Lat. contrahere. Cp. D.H. p. 206, and Demetr. p. 305 (s.v. s?st??f?). The condensation indicated in 204 9 consists in the fact that the rolling down of the stone is described in a single line, whereas the rolling up takes four lines.

sf?a???. 268 3. Seal, impression of a seal. Lat. signum.

s??d???. 186 5. Sudden, off-hand, impromptu. Lat. extemporalis. Cp. a?t?s??d??? p. 291 supra.

s??a. 88 12, 90 19, 130 7, 132 11, 148 20 etc., 196 25, 26, 198 6, passim. Figure, attitude. Lat. figura. See D.H. p. 206, and Demetr. p. 305, for various quotations and references (to which may be added Causeret La Langue de la rhÉtorique et de la critique littÉraire dans Ciceron pp. 176 ff.). Sometimes ‘construction’ will be a good rendering (e.g. de Isocr. c. 3), or ‘form’ (de Thucyd. c. 37): cp. Cic. Brut. 17. 69 (‘sententiarum orationisque formae’). ‘Turns of expression’ (tours de phrase) will also serve occasionally.

s??at??e??. 104 18, 106 15, 108 1, 110 14, 112 18, 19, etc. To use a figure, to shape, to construct. Lat. figurare. Cp. D.H. p. 206, Demetr. p. 305.

s??at?s??. 112 14, 20, 146 7, 212 21, etc. Configuration, construction; the employment of figures or turns of phrase. Lat. conformatio, figuratio.

s???????. 214 9. After the manner of lectures, tedious. Lat. longus. Dionysius has in mind treatises which are ‘academic’ rather than practical. Cp. Long. de Sublim. iii. 5 p???? ??? ?spe? ?? ???? t???? e?? t? ???t? t?? p???at??, ?d?a ?a?t?? ?a? s?????? pa?af????ta? p???.

s?a. 134 25. Person. Lat. persona. Same sense as p??s?p??: compare, in Ep. ii. ad Amm. c. 14, p??s?pa d? pa?’ a?t? t? p???ata ???eta? with p???ata d? ??t? s??t?? t? t??a?ta ?p’ a?t?? ???eta?.

S?t?de???. 88 1. Sotadean. Lat. Sotadeus. So called from Sotades, a native of Maroneia or of Crete, who lived under the early Ptolemies. The structure of the Sotadean verse is analyzed in P. Masqueray’s Abriss der griechischen Metrik pp. 141-4. For some further references see Demetr. p. 244.

ta?e?e??. 246 4. To regulate, to manage. Lat. temperare, dispensare.

t????. 72 12, 18, 198 6, etc. Order. Lat. dispositio. Not identical in sense with s???es??, which (in 72 18) forms part of one and the same sentence as t????. t???? often (e.g. Aristot. Rhet. iii. 12. 6) refers to the marshalling of the subject matter of a speech.—The verb t?tte?? occurs (with various senses) in 126 7, 196 6, 254 10, etc.

tape????. 74 12, 78 10, 80 13, 92 17, 134 23, 166 3, 176 11, 186 19. Low, mean, vulgar. Lat. humilis, abiectus. So tape???t?? 192 9.

t?s??. 126 7, 9, 128 5, 11, 196 16. Tension, pitch, accent. Lat. intentio (vocis), accentus. Cp. p??s?d?a p. 320 supra, and t???? p. 329 infra. Definition in 196 16: t?se?? f???? a? ?a???e?a? p??s?d?a?. Quintil. i. 5. 22 “adhuc difficilior observatio est per tenores, (quos quidem ab antiquis dictos tonores comperi, videlicet declinato a Graecis verbo, qui t????? dicunt) vel accentus, quas Graeci p??s?d?a? vocant,” etc.

ta?t?????a. 240 26. Verbal reiteration, tautology. Lat. eiusdem verbi iteratio. This is, apparently, the earliest recorded use of the word, though Polybius employs the verb ta?t????e??. Quintil. viii. 3. 50 “sicut ta?t?????a, id est eiusdem verbi aut sermonis iteratio. haec enim quamquam non magnopere a summis auctoribus vitata, interim vitium videri potest, in quod saepe incidit etiam Cicero, securus tam parvae observationis: sicut hoc loco, Non solum igitur illud iudicium iudicii simile, iudices, non fuit.” The English word tautology must have been unfamiliar when Philemon Holland translated the Morals of Plutarch, since it is one of the terms included in the “explanation of certain obscure words” appended to Holland’s volume.

ta?t?t??. 134 18, 192 20. Sameness, monotony. Lat. rerum earundem iteratio. Contrasted with eta???: as in 134 18 d?a?apa?e?? d? t?? ta?t?t?t? f?? de?? eta???? e??a????? e?sf????ta.—Aristotle uses the word several times, in the sense of ‘identity.’

t??e???. 84 21, 116 24, 144 17, 150 13, etc. Complete, perfect. Lat. absolutus, perfectus. See, further, note on 204 24.—So te?e???? 178 13.—In 120 4, 268 5, t???? = ‘end,’ ‘object.’

te?eta?. 252 15. Rites, mysteries. Lat. sacra arcana, ritus et caerimoniae. a? te?eta? t?? ????? = sacra eloquentiae.

tet??et???. 86 3, 14, 256 8, 13. Consisting of four metres or measures. Lat. tetrametrus (sc. versus: st????).

tet??????. 252 29. Homely, ordinary. Lat. tritus. Fr. ordinaire. The word sometimes inclines to the sense ‘vulgar,’ ‘hackneyed,’ ‘banal,’ ‘rebattu’: cp. t?t??pta? 134 22.

t????. 68 9, 94 10, 14, 96 2, 104 10, 132 22, etc. Art, handbook. Lat. ars. a? t???a? in Dionysius (cp. a? t???a? t?? ?????, Aristot. Rhet. i. 1. 3) refers specially to rhetorical handbooks: e.g. 270 4, 282 3. a? ??t????a? t???a? is often used to designate the Rhetoric of Aristotle: e.g. 254 25, and Ep. i. ad Amm. cc. 1, 2, etc.—In 124 3 te???t?? = ‘craftsman,’ ‘professional.’

t?? ?????. 176 6. To no purpose. Lat. temere. Coupled here with a negative: cp. Suidas, t???????. ?t??. ?a? ?? t??????? et? t?? ?p?f?se?? ???eta?.

t??. 72 2. Division. Lat. partitio. Fr. partie, subdivision.

t????. 126 5, 15, 19, 142 8. Tone, tension, pitch, accent. Lat. tonus, intentio (vocis), accentus. If t???? be read in 136 16 and t???? in 236 8, the meaning will be energy: cp. D.H. p. 207. See also under t?s?? p. 328 supra, and under pe??spas?? p. 316 supra (for a passage of Aristot Rhet. iii. 1. 4).

t?p??. 66 6, 96 9, 144 18, 164 17, 248 8. Place, heading, department. Lat. locus. The p?a?at???? t?p?? (66 6) is the locus rerum, as opposed to the ?e?t???? t?p?? (96 9). In this connexion not only t?p??, but t??p??, t?p??, ?a?a?t?? and ???? are sometimes used by Dionysius.

t??e?t??. 264 18. Worked in relief, chased. Lat. caelatus. So t??e?t?? = caelator, 266 8.

t?a??d?p????. 236 17, 248 14. Tragic poet, tragedian. Lat. tragicus poËta. [For the Greek expressions used to denote tragic and comic poets see H. Richards in the Classical Review xiv. 211.]

t?a???. 230 14. Clear, distinct. Lat. perspicuus. In earlier Greek the form t?a??? is used: cp. Soph. Ajax 23 ?se? ??? ??d?? t?a???, ???’ ???e?a.

t?a??t??. 230 5, 232 8. Roughness. Lat. asperitas. Fr. ÂpretÉ, duretÉ. So t?a??? 130 26, 154 12, 228 7, 234 15, etc.; and t?a???e?? 130 19, 146 9, 202 26, 206 4, 216 17, 218 18, 240 17. By ‘rough’ letters, in 202 26, Dionysius may probably mean the following letters found in the four lines quoted in 202 3-6: S, s, f (?), s, ?, ?, st, ?, s, s?, pt, s?, s?, f (?); and among these, s?, s? and pt may be regarded as ‘juxtapositions of rough letters.’