  7. SHIP SPECIFICATIONS. a. General external characteristics. An engineer port repair ship is similar in external appearance to the average sea-going commercial cargo carrier. Two ready means of identification are the cathead on the ship’s prow and the number and arrangement of the cargo booms. These features are discussed in detail in paragraph 10. (See figs. 4 and 5.) The ship’s superstructure begins at the mainmast and continues aft to the stern. Forward of the superstructure are the two masts, the three hatches, and the forecastle deck.b. Principal dimensions and capacities. (1) For principal dimensions and capacities see table I and figure 6. (2) For location and capacities of fuel-oil, fresh-water, and salt-water tanks, see table II and figure 7. Figure 4. Cathead welded on ship’s prow. Figure 5. View looking aft from forecastle deck showing masts and cargo booms.
c. Displacement. (1) The dead-weight scale (fig. 10), shows the ship’s capacity for carrying dead weight, the difference between light and loaded displacement. (2) Figure 10 also shows the ship’s load-line marks d. Power. The ship is propelled by a high-power, low-speed Diesel engine. Other engines may be substituted as required. e. Armament. For AA protection, the ship carries six 20-mm AA machine guns. Mounted on the after end of the poop deck is a Navy 3/50 (3-inch bore, 150 inches long) dual-purpose AA gun. 8. EQUIPMENT FOR SHIP OPERATION. a. General. This paragraph describes briefly the major items of equipment required for the operation of the ship.b. Navigation equipment. (1) Compasses. (a) The ship is equipped with magnetic and gyrocompasses. The master gyrocompass is located below decks in the gyro-room. The readings of this compass are transmitted to repeaters, which are similar in appearance to magnetic compasses and are placed in the pilot house and at other points where knowledge of the ship’s heading is required. Gyrocompass equipment includes the master compass and its supports, batteries, a motor-generator set for supplying power in case of failure of the ship’s supply, instrument panel, and a panel for fuses and switches for the repeaters. (b) The magnetic compass is in the pilot house. It is mounted in a compensating binnacle that neutralizes or compensates for errors introduced into the compass by the magnetic materials on the ship. (See figs. 8 and 9.) (2) Pelorus. A pelorus is mounted on each wing of the navigating bridge. The pelorus is a graduated circle mounted in gimbals with an alidade pivoted over its center. It is used to measure directions to some distant point like another ship or an object on land. It gives the bearing relative to the ship’s heading or, if set to the ship’s true course, the true bearing to the object. INBOARD PROFILE INNER BOTTOM PLAN 1. Wheel. Figure 8. View of pilot house. Figure 9. Drawing of navigating bridge showing location of equipment in pilot house, chart room and radio room. LIGHT SHIP WITH 418 TONS BALLAST—2204 TONS Figure 10. Dead-weight scale and load-line marks. (3) Radio direction finder. Located on the navigating bridge is the ship’s radio direction finder. This instrument receives radio signals and establishes the bearing of the sending station. It consists essentially of a loop antenna for receiving the signals connected to a radio receiver that makes the signals audible. The position of the ship may be determined from radio bearings by taking cross bearings on two or more stations, by two bearings on the same station and the distance run between bearings, and by a bearing and a sounding. (4) Fathometer. (a) A fathometer is installed on the navigating bridge to determine the depth of water under the ship. This instrument works on the echo depth-finding process. Briefly, it consists of a submarine oscillator in the bottom of the ship that produces a sound of sufficient intensity to travel to the ocean floor and reflect back to a sensitive receiver also located in the ship’s bottom. The difference between the time of sending the sound and receiving the echo is measured by the fathometer, translated into depth, and flashed on the dial as a red light opposite a numeral corresponding to the depth in fathoms. (b) Near the fathometer is a fathometer recorder that records on a paper chart the depths indicated by the fathometer. This gives a continuous depth profile of the ocean bottom along the ship’s course. (5) Chartroom equipment. In the chartroom are sextants, protractors, dividers, parallel rules, chronometer, hydrographic charts, and a chart table. c. Communications. (1) Radio. The radio equipment consists of a main receiver and transmitter with emergency sets and a short-wave receiver and transmitter. The radio sets presently used are shown in figures 9 and 11. The manuals describing this equipment are listed in ASF Catalog Sig 10-1. (2) Radio telephone. Radio telephone communication is handled by the short-wave transmitter and receiver. (See fig. 11.) They operate on frequencies between 2 and 3 million cycles per second with separate channels designated for specific purposes. For ship-to-shore communication, frequencies range between 2,100 and 2,200 kilocycles. Direct ship-to-ship communication is on 2,738 kilocycles. The sets thus send and receive on different frequencies. (3) Visual signal equipment. (a) Flashing light signals. Flashing light signals are made with a dot-and-dash blinker light. The light is on top of the pilot house for greater visibility and is mounted so it can be shone in any direction. (b) Flag signaling. The ship carries complete sets of International flags and pennants and hand flags for signaling by semaphore. d. Main engine. (1) The main engine is an 8-cylinder, supercharged 4-cycle Diesel capable of developing 1,300 hp. (See fig. 12.) (2) The engine has an air starting system; pressure lubrication for all running parts except the pistons, which are lubricated by oil thrown into the cylinder walls by the cranks; and an indirect cooling system in which clean soft water is circulated in a closed circuit and cooled by sea water in the heat exchangers. The fuel system uses a manifold in which fuel is maintained at constant pressure but in which there is no pressure on the injection valves except during the actual time of injection. e. Auxiliary engines. Diesel and gasoline auxiliary engines furnish power for the ship’s generators, compressors, and pumps. Typical of the auxiliary engine installations are the 120-hp Diesels used to drive the fire pumps. (See fig. 13.) f. Electrical systems and generators. Electricity for the ship’s lighting system and for the electrically operated equipment are furnished by Diesel or gasoline-driven generators. In case the main generator fails, an emergency generator starts automatically. If all generators should fail, batteries supply the power. (See fig. 14.) g. Lifeboats. The ship carries two 26-foot power whaleboats, two oar-propelled lifeboats, life rafts, and a number of small rubber floats. (See figs. 1, 15 and 16.) The two life rafts (figs. 1 and 16) are mounted on skids at an angle of about 45°. Each skid has a releasing device that permits quick release of the raft into the water or will let it float free if the ship sinks. h. Mooring and towing. (1) Installed on the main deck at the ship’s stern is a combination towing machine and anchor windlass. It hoists and lowers the two 3,000-pound Danforth anchors. When used for towing, it carries the towline on a reel and pays it out and hauls it in automatically to keep towing tension constant. (2) For handling the two bow anchors, a windlass is installed on the forecastle deck. (See fig. 17.) 1. Mackay 156.4 short-wave transmitter. Figure 11. Radio transmitting and receiving sets in radio room. Figure 12. High-power, low-speed, supercharged Diesel engine. Figure 13. One of the 120-hp Diesels to run the ship’s fire pumps. Figure 14. View of generator room showing the three electrical generators that can be run singly or in series and are driven by three 90-hp 2-cycle Diesel engines. i. Fire fighting. (1) The principal fire-fighting equipment consists of four motor-driven pumps, each with a capacity of 3,000 gallons per minute (gpm) and capable of 125 pounds pressure. (See fig. 13.) They are connected to an 8-inch fire main arranged on a loop circuit around the main deck. Spaced equally along this circuit are eight 21/2-inch hydrants equipped with fog or spray nozzles. Throughout the ship are twenty-eight 11/2-inch connections. (2) There are two 1,000-gpm fire monitors. One is located forward on the forecastle head and the other is abaft the stack. (See figs. 1, 18, and 19.) (3) A fixed carbon-dioxide smothering system is used in engine and tank compartments, bilges, and galley. Hand-operated extinguishers are located in all parts of the vessel. j. Crew’s quarters. (1) Quarters for most of the enlisted members of the crew are located on the first platform deck. Also on this deck are the laundry room, linen lockers, and the ship’s post exchange. (2) On the main deck, the rest of the enlisted men and the Navy gun crew are quartered. Also on this deck are the ship’s galley and pantry, mess rooms (fig. 20), shower rooms, and diving-gear compartment. (3) On the boat deck are officers’ quarters, the ship’s company office, dispensary (fig. 21) and a four-bed hospital. Figure 15. View of two of the ship’s lifeboats swung on two different types of davits. The davit A in the foreground is the quadrantal davit and is rapidly replacing the round bar or radial davit B, because fewer men are required to work it. (4) On the bridge deck are the staterooms and offices of the ship’s master, salvage officer, chief engineer, and the naval gunnery officer. k. Refrigerators. Located on the second platform deck are the fruit and vegetable, meat, and dairy refrigerators. These refrigerators hold a 30-day supply of perishable foods. 9. SUPPLIES FOR SHIP OPERATION. a. Diesel oil. The Diesel oil tanks hold 506 tons of fuel. (See table II.) Normal consumption is figured at one-half pound per 1 hp per hour. There is enough oil for approximately a 60-day cruise.b. Fresh water. The ship’s tanks hold 536 tons (249,500 gallons) of fresh water. This supply is maintained by the evaporator which is capable of supplying 3,000 gallons of fresh water every 24 hours. c. Food. The ship usually carries enough food for a 30-day period. Dry stores, such as canned goods, flour, sugar, etc., are stowed in storage bins on the second platform deck. d. Linens. The ship’s laundry facilities are adequate only for the ship’s personnel. The linen lockers hold a 30-day supply of linens. 10. EQUIPMENT FOR PERFORMING MISSION.a. General. This paragraph describes the more important items of this equipment and tells how it is used. To perform its mission of starting port repairs, the ship contains completely equipped machine, carpenter, blacksmith, pipe, and welding shops in addition to a large assortment of miscellaneous equipment for various jobs. Figure 16. One of the life rafts mounted on skids. Each can accommodate 20 persons, and carries rations, water, and signaling devices. (See FM 21-22.) b. Machine shop. The machine shop is located below the number 2 hatch (fig. 6) and contains lathes, drills, milling machine, shaper, punch and shear machine, cutters, and grinders. (See fig. 22.) All this equipment has complete sets of accessories and tools. The I-beams athwartship at number 2 hatch are removable, permitting portable equipment to be hoisted from or lowered to the machine shop. Here are brief descriptions of the more important items of the machine-shop’s equipment. (1) The DOALL machine. This machine (fig. 23) is used for contour metal sawing, filing, and polishing. It is a highly adaptable machine tool for jig work and for making dies. It does the work of a shaper or milling machine and replaces such operations as nibbling, drilling holes to make a cut, and torch cutting. Twenty assorted saws, 3/32 to 1/2 inches wide; three flat filebands, 1/4-inch, 3/8-inch, and 1/2-inch; and three file guides are standard equipment. The machine is equipped with a 3/4-hp, 208-volt, 3-phase, 60-cycle motor. (2) Toolroom lathe. The 10-inch toolroom lathe (fig. 24) has a 41/2-foot bed and 1-inch collet capacity. It is driven by an underneath, 3/4-hp, 3-phase, 60-cycle motor. It is equipped with collet, milling and keyway-cutting, and telescopic-taper attachments, boring and turning cutters, fine and coarse diamond knurls, tool holders, and a large and small face plate. (3) Extension-bed gap lathe. (a) This 20-by 40-inch gap lathe has a 14-foot bed and a special, large face plate. With the gap closed, it is used as a regular engine lathe. (See fig. 25.) (b) The tools and accessories for the lathe include telescoping taper attachment, boring and cutting bars, end caps, bits, chucks, and centers. Also, there is a set of metric thread-cutting gears for use where the metric system is standard. The lathe is driven by a 71/2 hp, 3-phase, 60-cycle motor. (4) Engine lathe. The 16-by 54-inch engine lathe (fig. 26) also can be equipped with special threads including metric, by using special gearing in the endworks. It is driven by a 3-phase, 60-cycle, 208-volt motor and is equipped with telescoping taper attachments, boring bars, cutters, bits, chucks, tool holders, and metric thread-cutting gears. Figure 17. Windlass for handling bow anchors. (5) Shaper. (a) This 24-inch universal shaper is (b) The shaper is equipped with bits, holders, table, vise, and wrench set, and is driven by a 208-volt, 3-phase, 60-cycle motor. (6) Radial drill. (a) The radial drill has a 4-foot arm, 11-inch column, and 12 spindle speeds. (See fig. 28.) It has a range of 15 to 1,200 rpm and is driven by a 5-hp, 208-volt, 3-phase motor. (b) The drilling capacity of this machine is approximately 2-inches diameter in cast iron and 11/2-inches diameter in steel. Its tapping capacity is a 2-inch tap in cast iron and 11/2-inch tap in steel. (c) Its accessories include a coolant attachment, universal drill table, drill vise, chuck, and taper shank. (7) Milling machine. The milling machine is used for gear cutting and jig and die work. The work is done with cutters instead of by sawing as the DOALL machine does. It is equipped with a 208-volt, 3-phase, 60-phase motor and has slotting and milling attachments, chucks, vise, arbors and adapters, and a complete set of cutters. (See fig. 29.) (8) Punch and shear machine. (a) This combination punch and shear machine has a punch capacity 1-by 1/2-inch or 7/8-by 5/8-inch. Its shear capacity is 1/2-inch plates, 6-by 5/8-inch flats, 15/8-inch rounds, and 11/2-inch squares. (See fig. 30.) (b) It is driven by a 3-hp, 3-phase, 60-cycle, 208-volt motor, and its accessories include punches, dies, shear blades for plates and flats, and bar-cutter blades for rounds, squares, angles, and tees. Figure 18. Fire monitor showing the power nozzle and hose connections. The monitor rotates and the power nozzle tilts at any desired degree. (9) Drill. This column-type drill (fig. 31) has a 1-inch capacity in steel and is driven by a 2-hp, 3-phase, 60-cycle, 208-volt motor. Its accessories include a Jacobs three-jaw ball-bearing chuck, reducing sleeves, and a combination drill and countersink set. Figure 19. View showing the fire monitor in operation. The water is being forced through the power nozzle at 100-pound pressure. Figure 20. View of enlisted men’s mess room. The tables accommodate 32 men. (10) Combination tool and cutter grinder. (a) This grinder has a 10-inch-diameter swing and 24 inches between head and footstock. It is driven by a 3/4-hp, 3-phase, 60-cycle, 208-volt motor and has attachments for all forms of milling cutters, taps, and reamers. (See fig. 32.) (b) For grinding, this machine is run by a 1/8-hp, 1-phase, 60-cycle, 110-volt motor, and has 3-inch to 8-inch wheels for dressing and grinding. (11) Pedestal grinder. This grinder for tool sharpening operates at 1,750 rpm and is driven by a 3-phase, 208-volt, 60-cycle motor. The grinding wheels are 14 inches in diameter and 21/4 inches in thickness. (See fig. 33.) (12) Power hacksaw. This power hacksaw is used for metal sawing and has a blade-cooling system for high-speed cutting. Its capacity is 9 by 9 inches, it has 3 speeds, and is driven by a 3-phase, 60-cycle, 208-volt motor. It comes equipped with 24 molybdenum steel blades. (See fig. 34.) (13) Miscellaneous machine-shop equipment. Miscellaneous machine-shop equipment includes small hand and electric drills, bench lathe, portable grinders, electric soldering sets, hydraulic press, chain-saw sharpener, mechanic and master mechanic tool sets, jacks, vises, and tap and die sets. c. Blacksmith shop. (1) The blacksmith shop is adjacent to the machine shop and is equipped to handle all smithing operations. These operations include heating for forging, annealing, hardening, and tempering metals. (See fig. 35.) (2) The forge has an electric blower, and the hood mounted over it has an exhaust fan to expel fumes and smoke from the forge. (3) For working metal, there is a pneumatic, 200-pound forging hammer. (See fig. 36.) This hammer is of the self-contained type and the blacksmith can operate it and manipulate the work between the dies at the same time. (4) Other blacksmith equipment in the shop include engineer blacksmith equipment set No. 1, sledges, tongs, and swages. Figure 21. Ship’s dispensary showing portable operating table, operating lights, and shelves and cabinets for medical supplies. d. Carpenter shop. (1) The carpenter shop is on the first platform deck on the starboard side of number 2 hatch. (See fig. 6.) The main equipment of this shop consists of a universal woodworking machine, a 32-inch band saw, and a portable electric saw. (2) The universal woodworking machine (fig. 37), is powered by a 5-hp, 3-phase, 60-cycle, 208-volt motor, developing 3,425 rpm and is equipped with 14-and 16-inch blades. (3) The 32-inch band saw (fig. 38) is powered by a 3-hp, 3-phase, 60-cycle, 208-volt motor, developing 600 rpm. It is supplied with general-purpose blades, a ripping fence, and a resaw guide. (4) The portable circular saw is run by a 110-volt universal motor. (See fig. 39.) It is equipped with two combination blades for sawing wood; when abrasive discs are used, it will cut brick, stone, concrete, steel, and cast iron. e. Pipe shop. (1) The pipe shop adjoins the machine shop and its main equipment consists of a portable pipe bender and a pipe and bolt threading machine. (See fig. 40.) (2) The hydraulic portable pipe bender has a maximum piston pressure of 50,000 pounds and will bend up to 3-inch pipe. (3) The pipe-and bolt-threading machine will handle 1/8-to 2-inch pipe and 3/8-to 11/2-inch bolts. f. Welding shop. (1) The welding shop is on the first platform deck on the port side of number 2 hatch. (See fig. 6.) The welding shop contains equipment for electric-arc and oxyacetylene welding and cutting. 1. Extension-bed lathe. Figure 22. View of machine shop showing a part of the equipment and overhead monorail system capable of handling 5 tons. Figure 23. This DOALL machine is used for contour metal sawing and jig work. (2) For electric-arc welding there are two stationary and four portable sets. All of the sets are driven by gasoline engines and have complete sets of accessories. (3) The portable sets are mounted on four-wheel dollies and have a welding range of 50 to 400 amperes and a generator rating of 300 amperes at 40 volts. The accessories include a welding-rod assortment, 50-foot electrode and ground cables, gloves, helmets, lenses, and mittens. (4) For oxyacetylene work, there are three oxyacetylene welding and cutting sets and three portable acetylene generators. The sets include cutting and welding torches and tips, 50-foot lengths of hose, tip cleaners, oxygen and acetylene regulators, spark lighters, gloves, and goggles. (5) There is also a portable, preheating torch of the atomizing type operated by compressed air. (6) Miscellaneous equipment in the welding shop includes a brazing and soldering set, ten 225-cubic-foot acetylene cylinders, and fifty 220-cubic-foot oxygen cylinders. g. Diving gear and equipment. (1) The diving equipment room is located on the main deck just aft the number 3 hatch. (See fig. 6.) In this room are lockers for diving gear, the recompression chamber, hangers for holding the diving suits, and a work table for repairing suits. Figure 24. Ten-inch toolroom lathe with 41/2-foot bed. (2) The recompression chamber (fig. 42) is used for testing divers’ ability to withstand pressure before diving and to decompress divers if they develop compressed-air illness (bends). Figure 25. Extension-bed gap lathe, 20-by 40-inch with 14-foot bed. Figure 26. Engine lathe, 16-by 54-inch. Figure 27. Twenty-four inch universal shaper for facing, notching, keyseating, and die making. Figure 28. Radial drill with 4-foot arm and 11-inch column. (3) For deep-sea diving, there are two No. 1 diving outfit sets. (See fig. 41.) (4) Other equipment in the No. 1 set includes an air compressor, descending and stage lines, decompression stage, telephone, diving lamp, air and telephone hose, and diving weights. (5) For shallow-water diving in depths up to 36 feet, there are four No. 2 diving outfit sets. (See figs. 43 and 44.) (6) The rest of the diving equipment includes a canvas workers set No. 1, carpenter equipment set No. 2, gasoline-engine-driven, skid-mounted air compressor with a capacity of 60 cubic feet of air per minute, electrodes for underwater cutting, a pneumatic tugger hoist for the diving stage, and a portable air lock. Figure 29. Universal milling machine No. 2, horizontal. h. Compressed-air equipment. (1) An assortment of compressed-air equipment is carried for doing jobs both on and off the ship. This equipment includes rock drills for drilling in rock or Figure 30. Combination punch and shear machine. (2) For operating this equipment, there is a 315 cfm, Diesel-driven, skid-mounted air compressor and a 280 cfm, electric-driven air compressor. i. Beach gear. (1) The beach gear carried on the ship is used primarily to salvage stranded vessels. This type of salvage differs from raising sunken wrecks, where all the work in preparing the vessel for raising is done by divers. For beach salvage work, divers ordinarily are needed only for examining the stranded vessel’s hull and the nature of the underwater terrain, and beach gear and the towing power of other craft are used to refloat the ship. (2) The main items of the beach gear are two 8,000-pound anchors, blocks of various types, hooks, clips, chains, manila and wire rope, shackles, cable stoppers, and rope thimbles. Figure 31. Column-type drill. This drill has a 1-inch capacity in steel. j. Portable salvage pumping equipment. The portable salvage pumping equipment consists of Figure 32. Combination tool and cutter grinder. Figure 33. Pedestal grinder for tool sharpening. k. Portable fire-pumping equipment. The portable fire-pumping equipment consists of a two-wheeled trailer pumper with a capacity of 500 gpm and four 50-foot lengths of 21/2-inch hose. l. Hoisting equipment. (1) The hoisting equipment consists of the 40-ton cathead mounted on the prow, one 50-ton and four 10-ton booms on the foremast, and two 5-ton booms on the mainmast, together with the winches for operating them. (See fig. 45.) (2) The cathead (fig. 46) is used to raise debris and sunken small craft that are hazards to navigation or prevent vessels from coming alongside (3) The 50-ton boom is operated by a two-speed winch and the four 10-ton and the two 5-ton booms are run by single-speed winches. (See fig. 47.) Figure 34. Power hacksaw for metal cutting. Figure 35. View of blacksmith shop showing 48-inch forge and 200-pound anvil. m. Floating equipment. In addition to the life-boats and rafts, the ship carries a steel pontoon barge, a plane-rearming boat, and a utility boat. (1) The barge is made up of 21 sections (fig. 48) and has a capacity of 50 tons. It is propelled by a 115-hp outboard engine and carries a 5-ton crawler crane for diving and salvage operations. The sections of the barge are stowed in the number 1 hold of the ship. (2) The plane-rearming boat is 33 feet long and is powered by a 100-hp inboard, Diesel engine. It is used for diving, general utility work, and light towing. Figure 36. Pneumatic, 200-pound forging hammer. Figure 37. Universal woodworking machine with steel table and two extension roller tables. (3) The utility boat is 26 feet long and is propelled by a 95-hp gasoline or Diesel engine. It is used to tow the barge and floats and for general errand work. n. Miscellaneous equipment. Miscellaneous equipment includes: Clamshell bucket, 3/4-cubic-yard. Figure 38. Woodworking 32-inch band saw. 11. SUPPLIES FOR PERFORMING MISSION. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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