| PART I. |
| GLUE AND GELATINE. |
| CHAPTER I. |
| NATURE of GLUE. |
| PAGE |
| Sources of glue; Change in the animal tissues by continued boiling; Definition of what is known as glue; Most important glue-yielding substances | 1 |
| Transformations of which glue and gelatine are the products; Transition stages of glue; Production of the glue-yielding substance of the animal body | 2 |
| Crude glue and jelly; Constitution of glue; Combinations of which glue consists | 3 |
| Preparation of pure glutin; Properties of glutin | 4 |
| Preparation and properties of chondrin | 5 |
| Adhesive power of glutin and of chondrin; Properties of glue and its behavior towards other substances; Quantity of glutin in glue | 6 |
| Properties of jelly before drying to glue; Absorption of ozone by the jelly; Behavior of glue solution towards different salts; Effect of acids upon glue; Meta-gelatin | 7 |
| Combinations of tannin with the jelly; Effects of dry heat upon glue; Chemical composition of glue and glue-yielding substance | 8 |
| CHAPTER II. |
| USES of GLUE. |
| Glue as a joining medium, and requirements for this purpose | 10 |
| Glue as a binding agent; Consumption of glue in the manufacture of matches | 11 |
| Quality of glue required by bookbinders; Glue in sizing; Glue for culinary and medicinal purposes | 12 |
| Glue for clarifying and fining beer, wine and other liquids; Bouillon tablets; Glue as a healing agent | 13 |
| Glue for elastic masses and a partial substitute for rubber; Use of glue in photolithography; Hectograph mass; Glue for fancy articles | 14 |
| Gelatine veneers and their uses | 15 |
| CHAPTER III. |
| RAW MATERIALS AND THEIR PREPARATION FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GLUE. |
| Principal substances employed for the manufacture of glue; Division of raw materials into groups | 16 |
| Animal skin and its constitution | 17 |
| Portion of the skin of value for the manufacture of leather and glue; Yield of glue from tannery waste; Influence of the age of the animals from which the skins have been derived upon the quality of the glue | 18 |
| Notes in reference to judging glue-stock | 19 |
| Liming of waste | 20 |
| Precaution and care required when buying glue leather; Arrangements required for the preparation of glue stock; Location of the glue factory; Lime pits; Contrivances for washing the limed stock | 21 |
| Washing drums; Pits or vats with proper arrangements for stirring, draining and inspection; Glue stock washer invented by W. A. Hoeveller, described and illustrated | 22 |
| Sheds for storing and sorting; Mode of carrying on the work in the factory; Liming; Preparation of milk of lime | 26 |
| Importance of the quality of the lime used; Testing the value of a lime by determining the amount of real calcium hydroxide contained in it; Mode of conducting the operation | 27 |
| Washing the material after removal from the lime pit; Washing and drying | 28 |
| Preservation of the glue-stock by means of carbolic acid; Preparation of carbolic acid solution for this purpose | 29 |
| Use of other antiseptics for the purpose of preventing putrefaction; Formaldehyde and boric acid; Classification of the principal varieties of hides and leather for glue-stock | 30 |
| Bones and cartilages | 31 |
| Constitution of bones; Composition of bone cartilage; Value of bones for the manufacture of glue; Necessity of exercising care in buying bones | 32 |
| Sorting the bones; Crushing or grinding the bones | 33 |
| Stamping mill for crushing bones, described and illustrated | CHAPTER VII. |
| METHODS OF BLEACHING GLUE. |
| Bleaching in the air; Bleaching with chlorine | 141 |
| Bleaching with animal charcoal | 142 |
| Bleaching with sulphurous acid; Apparatus for the production of the acid solution, described and illustrated | 143 |
| CHAPTER VIII. |
| DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF GLUE AND THEIR PREPARATION. |
| Joiner’s glue; Material for the best variety of joiner’s glue | 146 |
| How to make and use glue; Holding power of glue | 147 |
| Cologne glue | 148 |
| Russian glue; Additions by means of which the color and opaqueness are imparted to this variety of glue | 149 |
| Patent glue; Gilder’s glue; Superior article of gilder’s glue; Size glue and parchment glue; Paris glue | 150 |
| Liquid glues; Receipts for liquid glues | 151 |
| Preparation of saccharate of lime; Steam-glue; Russian steam-glue; Pale steam-glue; Dark steam-glue | 152 |
| Chrome glue; Glue for attaching leather to metal; Glue for leather, paper, etc. | 153 |
| Glue for parchment paper in making sausage skins | 154 |
| Tungstic glue; Indestructible mass for the manufacture of ornaments, toys, etc.; Compound for billiard balls | 155 |
| Coloring glue; Process for this purpose invented by G. J. Lesser | 156 |
| Composition for printing rollers; Size | 157 |
| Process used in an English factory for making tub-size | 158 |
| Preparation of bone-size; Composition of the different grades of size | 159 |
| Concentrated size; Bookbinder’s size; Water-proof glue; Glue solution for rendering wrapping paper water-proof | 160 |
| Water-proofing fabrics with glue and tannin | 161 |
| Muratori and Landry’s process of water-proofing fabrics | 162 |
| Muzmann and Krakowitzer’s process of water-proofing fabrics; Glue for joints in leather driving belts; Hectograph mass | 163 |
| Formulas for hectograph masses | 164 |
| CHAPTER IX. |
| MANUFACTURE OF GELATINE, AND PRODUCTS PREPARED FROM IT. |
| Properties of gelatine; Change in the chemical constitution of gelatine produced by concentrated sulphuric or nitric acid; Tannin as a test for the presence of gelatine; Use of gelatine for culinary and medicinal purposes | 165 |
| Skin gelatine; Method of manufacture introduced and patented, in 1839, by George Nelson; Process patented, in 1844, by Messrs. J. & G. Cox of Edinburgh | 166 |
| G. P. Swinborn’s improved patented process for the preparation of gelatine from hides, skins and glue pieces; Modern process of preparing skin gelatine; “Steeping” the skins | 167 |
| Washing and bleaching the skins | 168 |
| Digesting the skins; Clarifying the liquors | 169 |
| Evaporation of the liquors in vacuo; Drying the cut cakes; Bone gelatine; Materials for this purpose; Crushing the bones; Solution of the glue cartilage | 170 |
| Apparatus and improved manner of manufacture employed in the factory of D. J. Briers, described and illustrated | 171 |
| Modern process of preparing bone gelatine | 179 |
| Colored gelatine; Uses of colored gelatine; Harmless coloring matters; Colors for coloring leaves of gelatine with aniline colors for technical purposes | 181 |
| Gelatine for fining purposes; Gelatine LainÉe; Fining powder for wine and beer; Liquid fining gelatine; Preparation of gelatine from ordinary glue | 182 |
| Preparation of gelatine for photographic
es | 270 |
| Index | 273 |
