internal">345–347;

strength and burden of Aristotle to, 378, 379;

and state, Aquinas’s and Dante’s views of, 382.

Cicero

on Aristotle, 167;

his work, 271, 272.

Civilizations

Christian and Mohammedan, 369–372;

the first contact of, 372, 373;

the conflict between, 374, 375.

Classic Scholasticism

period of, 333, 368–394.

Cleanthes

242, 244–246.

Clement

314.

Conception

and perception, 83n.;

importance of, to Socrates, 83;

according to Plato, 134, 135;

in Aristotle, 177–179.

Conceptualism

of Aristotle, 104;

in the Middle Ages, 358, 364, 365.

Consciousness

formulation of the psychological conception of, 294;

the inner certainties of, according to Augustine, 341–345.

Constantinople

an intellectual centre, 372n.

Cosmas map, the

335.

Cosmological period of Greek philosophy

12, 13;

treated, 15–54.

Cosmologist

characteristics of the, 18–20;

table of, 20;

their philosophical question, 20, 21;

where they lived, 21;

results of their philosophy, 53, 54.

Cosmology

defined, 13.

Crates of Thebes

95.

Critical attitude of mind

among the Greeks, 61–64;

of Socrates, 80.

Crusades, the

374, 375.

Cusanus, Nicolas

394.

Cynic school, the

93–97.

Cynics and Stoics

246, 247.

Cyrenaic school, the

93–97.

Cyrenaics

their teaching, and Epicureanism, 229, 230.

Dante

on Aristotle, 167;

used Ptolemaic conception of the universe, 324, 325;

diagram of his poetic conception of the universe, 376;

his view of the state and the church, 382n.;

placed the intellectual virtues above the practical, 383n.

Dark Ages, the

347–349.

D @public@vhost@g@html@files@61651@61651-h@61651-h-16.htm.html#b302" class="pginternal">302–318.

See 55–57, 62.

Personality

spiritual, increased importance of, in history, 277–279.

Pessimism

result of theory of Cyrenaics, 97.

Peter the Lombard

379, 380.

PhÆdo

founder of the Elean-Eretrian school, 93.

Philo

Greek-Jewish philosophy of, 281–284;

and neo-Platonism, 288.

Philoponus

299.

Philosophic skepticism

See Skepticism.

Physical universe

early Greek tendency toward scientific explanation of, 10, 11.

Physics

Socrates’ view of, 80;

enrichment of, under Democritus, 109–111;

Plato’s conception of, 142–144;

Aristotle’s theory of, 194–196;

of Epicurus, 238–240.

Plato

104;

parts of works to be read, 75n.;

his place in Greek history, 93, 98–100, 103, 104;

and Democritus, their similarities and differences, 104–106;

the period of his life, 119, 120;

the difficulties in understanding the teaching of, 120, 121;

the chronology of his dialogues, 119, 120;

the life and writings of, 121, 126;

his student life, 121, 122;

as traveler, 122–124;

as teacher of the Academy, 124–126;

concerning his dialogues, 126–128;

the factors in the construction of his doctrine, 128–131;

his inherited tendencies, 128–130;

his philosophical sources, 130, 131;

the divisions of his philosophy, 131, 132;

summary of his doctrine, 132;

the formation of his metaphysics, 132–136;

the development of his metaphysics (the development of his ideas in the two drafts), 136–141;

his conception of God, 141, 142;

his conception of physical nature, 142–144;

his conception of man, 144–146;

his doctrine of immortality, 146–150;

the two tendencies in, 150, 151;

Platonic love, 151–153;

his theory of ethics, 153–158;

development of his theory of the Good, 153387;

his conception of the twofold truth, 387;

the inscrutable will of God, according to, 388, 389;

the problem of individuality, according to, 389, 390;

the course of philosophy after, 390, 391.

Secondary and primary qualities

116.

Secular science of the age of Augustine

339.

Seignobos, Charles

History of MediÆval Civilization, 373n.

Seneca

quoted, 234.

Sensationalism

defined, 104n.

Sensationalistic skepticism

268, 269.

Sextus Empiricus

268.

Sill

The Two Aphrodites, 153n.

Simplicius

299.

Skepticism

what it is, 69;

the undercurrent of, in the Hellenic-Roman period, 209–211;

philosophic, the appearances of, 264, 265;

the three phases of, 265–269;

of the Academy, 266–268;

sensationalistic, 268, 269.

Socrates, and Aristophanes

opposed the Sophists, 74;

works on, for reading, 75;

personality and life of, 75–80;

his dÆmon, 77, 83;

and the Sophists, 80–82;

unsystematic character of his philosophy, 82, 83;

the ideal of, 83–85;

what his ideal involves, 85–88;

the two steps of his method, 88–91;

and Athens, 91;

the logical expedients of, 92, 93;

and the Lesser Socratics, 93–95.

Socratics

the Lesser, and Socrates, 93–95.

Sophists

significance of, 64–67;

the prominent, 67, 68;

the philosophy of, 68–71;

the ethics of, 71–73;

summary of their work, 73;

met in two ways by Socrates and Aristophanes, 74;

and Socrates, 80–82.

Soul

Plato’s doctrine of, 145–150;

according to Aristotle, 196, 197;

of Plotinus, 295, 297, 298.

Spenser, Edmund

Hymn in Honor of Beauty, 153n.

Spiritual authority

the need of, 275–277;

the turning to the present for,

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

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