[1a] The references made to the original work are to the edition of Guliel. Spencer, Cantabrigiensis, Collegii SS. Trinitatis Socius. 1658.[1b] “?????? ?????.” Con. Cels. P. lvi. 14.[1c] Lardner, vol. VIII. 6.[1d] Con. Cels. P. viii. 186.[1e] Lucian, vol. I. p. 746.[2a] Euseb. B. vii. c. 19.[2b] Con. Cels. 231, &c.[2c] Con. Cels. 56.[3a] Milner, Ec. Hist. vol. I. 489. “Great honesty of mind was, if I mistake not, a ruling feature of Origen’s character.” Paley, vol. I. 292.[3b] Eus. con. Hieroc. 511. Ed. Paris.[3c] Hieron. Ep. 83. Op. Tom. IV. 655. Ed. Paris.[3d] Cave, Life of Origen, Bull. def. Fid. Nic.[3e] Huet. Ev. d’AviÂnches. M. de la Motte. Dupin.[5a] Con. Cels. 181.[5b] Ib. 183.[5c] Ib. 186.[6a] Con. Cels. 186.[6b] Con. Cels. xiv. 167.[6c] Jos. de Jud. Antiq.[6d] Tatian ad GrÆ. Orat.[6e] Con. Cels. 13.[6f] Con. Cels. 167.[6g] Ib. 115.[7a] Con. Cels. 14. 260.[7b] Ib. 189. et seq.[8a] Con. Cels. 112.[8b] Ib. 39.[8c] Ib. 44.[10a] Matt. ch. ii.[10b] Afric. in Eus.[10c] Hospini de Orig. Tempi. c. iii.[11a] “Cum audisset (Augustus) inter pueros, quos in Syri Herodes rex JudÆoram intra bimatum jussit interfici, filium quoque ejus occisum, ait, Melius esse Herodis Porcum esse quam Filium.” Macrob. Sat. ii. 4.[11b] Eclogue 4th. In which the expressions relating to the Golden Age, of which he prophesied the advent, have the greatest similarity to those applied to the Messiah by Isaiah. See an admirable Essay, entitled, “Observations on 4th Eclogue.” Miller, 1810.

“Tibi quem promitti sÆpius audis.” Æneid, lib. vi. 791.

[11c] Cic. Or. 3 contr. Catilin. lin. 72.[11d] Bell. Catilin.[11e] “Pererebuerat oriente toto vetus et constans opinio, esse in fatis, ut eo tempore JudÆi profecti rerum potirentur.” Sueton. Vespasian, cap. iv. 8.[11f] “Pluribus persuasio inerat, antiquis sacerdotum literis contineri, eo ipso tempore fore, ut valesceret oriens, profectique JudÆÂ rerum potirentur.” Tac. His. B. V. c. ix. 13.[13a] Con. Cels. 67.[13b] Con. Cels. 147.[13c] Matt. xi. 5.[13d] Luke v. 32.[14a] Con. Cels. 77.[14b] “There are about eighty quotations from the books of the New Testament in Celsus.” Doddridge.[15] Con. Cels. 47.[16a] The writings of Origen are esteemed of greater value than those of any other of the Fathers in proof of the authenticity of Scripture. Dr. Mills says, “Si hÆc (op. Orig.) integra superessent, versaretur utique nobis ob oculos universus fere textus utriusque Testamenti qualis isto seculo ferebatur.” Mill. Proleg. 64. Ed. Ox. 1707.[16b] Those omitted in his quotations: Ruth, 2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther, Song of Solomon, Joel, Obadiah, Nahum, Habakkuk.[16c] Philemon, 2 John, Jude.[16d] Tobit, Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus, 1 Maccabees, 2 Maccabees.[16e] Matt. chap. ii. &c.[16f] Con. Cels. 117.[17a] Con. Cels. 346.[17b] Ps. cxxxvii. 8.[19a] Con. Cels. 22.[19b] Ib. 25.[20a] Con. Cels. 26.[20b] The Author is aware, that many very profligate persons have been placed on the Calendar of Popish Saints. Such cases however apply to a later period in the Christian History than that to which he refers.[20c] Con. Cels. 369.[20d] Ib. 168.[20e] Ib. 164.[21a] Con. Cels. 329.[21b] Horat. B. iii. Od. 16. Ovid. Met. 4.[21c] John xviii. 36.[21d] 1 John ii. 15.[21e] James ii. 5.[21f] Rom. v. 6.[21g] Isaiah liii. 3.[21h] Heb. i. 8.[22a] Exod. xiv. 20.[22b] Con. Cels. 72. 282. 79.[22c] Ib. 82. 95.[22d] Ib. 82. 340.[22e] Ib. 94.[22f] Ib. 98.[23] Luke xvi. 31.[24a] Euseb. v. c. 7. Tert. ad Scap. 4. Apol. 23. Theophil.[24b] Con. Cels. 87.[25a] Con. Cels. 53.[25b] Doddridge—Sherlock—Chandler, Def. 429.[26a] Con. Cels. 124.[26b] Ib. 89.[27a] Con. Cels. 34. 53. 124. 127. 337.[27b] Ib. 34.[28a] Con. Cels. 125.[28b] Ib. 91.[28c] Ib. 88.[30a] Ex. viii. 19.[30b] Con. Cels. 87.[30c] Matt. xii. 26.[31] Acts ii. 6.[34a] Con. Cels. 147.[34b] Ib. 147.[35a] Con. Cels. 150.[35b] Ib. 86.[35c] Ib. 370.[35d] Ib. 365.[35e] Ib. 115.[36a] Con. Cels. 128.[36b] Ib. 4.[36c] Ib. 373.[37a] Con. Cels. 375.[37b] 1 Kings viii. 27.[39] Con. Cels. 266.[40a] Waterland’s Def.[40b] Con. Cels. 287.[40c] Ib. 375.[40d] Ib. 237.[40e] Ib. 367.[40f] Ib. 158.[41a] Con. Cels. 308. 325.[41b] Ib. 63.[41c] Ib. 233.[41d] Ib. 382.[41e] Ib. 46. 160. e?s?e?a.[41f] Ib. 386.[41g] Ib. 239.[41h] Ib. 169.[41i] Ib. 164.[41j] Ib. 171. 342. 387. 386. &c. &c.[41k] It may be observed, that although charges were laid against some of Origen’s doctrines after his death, none were made against his orthodoxy on the subject of the Trinity, till after the time of Arius. The Eustathians then opposed him on the ground of some expressions which he had used against the Sabellians, by which he separated the hypostases of the Godhead. His orthodoxy was however maintained by St. Gregory Nazianzen, St. Basil, St. Athanasius, Chrysostom, and Didymus. The words of St. Athanasius are “Verbum autem ab Æterno esse cum patre, nec alterius substantiÆ vel hypostasis, sed ipsius paternÆ substantiÆ proprium illum esse, quemadmodum dixerunt qui interfuerunt Synodo, liceat nobis rursus audire etiam ex laborioso Origine.”—Op. Athan. T. 1. p. 277.

Jerome about the year 390 said of Origen, “Quem post Apostolos, Ecclesiarum Magistrum nemo nisi imperitus negabat. PrÆf. ad nom. Heb.” His celebrated controversy with Ruffinus then began, and as the latter was an admirer and translator of Origen’s writings, the character of Origen was involved in the dispute, and Jerome heaped upon it all the abuse he thought due to Ruffinus. Bishop Bull says of this transaction, “Hieronymus odiÔ suÔ in Originem seu potiÙs in Origenis interpretem Ruffinum, nimiÙm indulgens, indeque omnia ejus verba dictaque in pessimum sensum trahere amans.”—Bullii. Op. Om. p. 121. And again, “Hieronymus in hac Origenis accusatione, animum À candore alienum atque affectibus abreptum ita manifestÈ prodidit, ut in cÆteris criminationibus fidem sibi omnem derogÂsse videatur.”—Bullii. Op. Om. p. 123.

Milner (Ecc. Hist. I. 496) observes that the Arians who had so very little assistance from precedents, were glad to catch at the shadow of an argument drawn from Origen’s illustrious name, and they accordingly sought out expressions obscure in themselves, but plainly contradictory to the general tenor of his opinions, upon the ground of which they claim him as their supporter. Milner observes of these men (Ecc. Hist. II. 163) that every thing mean and sordid, cruel and inhuman, ambitious and perfidious is on their side, and this is the character of their conduct towards the writings of Origen.

Of modern writers the opinion is decisive. Bishop Bull says, “Ita mecum statuo Origenem in articulo de fillii divinitate adeoque de S. Trinitate revera Catholicum fuisse.”—Bullii. Op. Om. p. 127. Waterland, Chandler, Fiddes, and Cudworth hold the same sentiment.[42] Con. Cels. 35.[43a] Con. Cels. 34.[43b] Ib. 8.[43c] 2 Cor. xiii. 5.[43d] John v. 39.[44a] Con. Cels. 153.[44b] Ib. 354.[44c] Ps. li. 10.[44d] Con. Cels. 190.[45] Con. Cels. 242. 292. &c.[46a] Titus ii. 12.[46b] Con. Cels. 409.[50] Ignatius, Polycarp, Justin Martyr, Tatian.[52] Cave’s Lives.[53a] Euseb. B. VI. c. 3.[53b] Epiph. Epis. Const. contra HÆr. p. 141. Ed. 1617.

De Illust. Eccle. Script. 249. Ed. Colon. 1580.

Geor. Cedr. Compen. Hist. 253. Ed. Par. 1647.

Mic. GlycÆ. An. 242. Ed. Par. 1660.[53c] John v. 4.[53d] 2 Cor. v. 17.