Transcriber's Note: The original index resembles a table of contents, with page numbers at the right margin; and for sequential page numbers, only the last digit or two is given, e.g., 504, 5. For clarity in this e-book, the page numbers immediately follow the entries, separated by a comma, and for sequential page numbers the full number is given.

A.

Abstract of the annual Imports into, and Exports from the Port of London (table), 215, 216
—— of Persons committed, and discharged from Prisons in one year, an extraordinary document (table), 430
Account of Pawnbrokers in the Metropolis, and the vast property in their houses belonging to the poor, 110
—— of various descriptions of Cheats, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127
—— of the number of Streets, Lanes, Houses and Families in the Metropolis, 568
—— of the previous Plans and Arrangements of Thieves when a Robbery or Burglary is contemplated, 291
—— of the usual Mode of proceeding to recover stolen property, 383
—— of the Number of Persons engaged in fraudulent Lotteries, 156
—— of the Trials at the Old Bailey in 1790 and 1791, 394, 395
—— of ditto in 1793 and 1795, 446-448
—— of the Officers of Justice in the Metropolis, 397
—— of the Watchmen and Patroles there, 414
—— of the Magistrates there, 398, 399
—— of the Criminal Courts there, 428
—— of the specific Criminals punishable by Law, 437-444
—— of the Convicts in the Hulks, 455
—— of the Names of the City and Police Magistrates, 504, 505
—— of the Churches and other places of Worship in the Metropolis, 568
—— of the Seminaries of Education in the Metropolis, 569, 570
—— of the Societies for promoting Religion and Morality, 570, 571
—— of the Societies for promoting the Arts, 571
—— of the Asylums for the Indigent and Helpless, 572
—— of the Hospitals for the Sick and for Pregnant Women in the Metropolis, 573
—— of the Institutions for Charitable and Humane Purposes, 574, 575
—— of the Charity annually distributed in the Metropolis estimated at £850,000 a year, 357, 358
—— of the Courts for Civil and Criminal Justice in the Metropolis, 577-582
—— of the Prisons in the Metropolis, ibid.
—— of the different Classes of Professional Men connected with the departments of the Law, about 7000 in all, 583
—— of the Number of Writs issued in Middlesex in 1793, with an extraordinary statement of the Expences on small Law-suits, 585, 586, 587
Acquittals, See Prisoners.
Actions at Law for small Debts, 584, 587
Expence enormous beyond all credibility, ibid.
Acts of Parliament referred to in this Work.

2 Geo. 3. c. 28. for preventing Frauds by Persons navigating Bum-boats on the River Thames, 237, n., 269
31 Elizabeth, c. 4 22 Charles 2d. c. 5 9 & 10 William 3d. c. 41 1 George 1st. stat. 2. c. 25 9 George 1st. c. 8 17 Geo. 2d. c. 40 9 Geo. 3d. c. 35 12 Geo. 3d. c. 24	Relative to the Protection of his Majesty's Stores, 261-263
14 Geo. 3d. c. 90, for regulating the Westminster Watch, &c., 107
25 Edward 3d. stat. 5. c. 2 1 Mary, stat. 2. c. 6 1 & 2 P. & M. c. 11 5 Eliz. c. 11 14 Eliz. c. 3 18 Eliz. c. 1 7 William 3d. c. 3 8 & 9 William 3d. c. 26 9 & 10 William 3d. c. 21 7 Anne, c. 24, 25 15 & 16 Geo. 2d. c. 28 11 Geo. 3d. c. 40 37 Geo. 3d. c. 126 38 Geo. 3d. c. 59-67 39 Geo. 3d. c. 75	Relative to the Coinage and disposal of Base Money, 192, 193, 194
33 Henry 8th. c. 1 30 Geo. 2d. c. 24	Relative to Cheats and Swindlers, 113, 114
9 Anne, c. 14 8 Geo. 1st. c. 2 12 Geo. 2d. c. 28	Relative to Gaming, 134, 135
9 Geo. 2d. c. 5. relative to Fortune-tellers being punished by standing four times in the Pillory, 130
3 & 4 William 3d. c. 9 1 Anne, c. 9 5 Anne, c. 31 4 Geo. 1st. c. 11 29 Geo. 2d. c. 30 30 Geo. 2d. c. 24 2 Geo. 3d. c. 28 10 Geo. 3d. c. 48 21 Geo. 3d. c. 69 22 Geo. 3d. c. 58	Relative to Receivers of Stolen Goods, 298-300
5 Edw. 3d. c. 14 34 Edw. 3d. c. 1	Relative to the Office & power of Constables, 387
8 Geo. 2d. c. 16. relative to Hue and Cry, 389
4 William & Mary, c. 8 6 & 7 William & Mary, c. 17 10 & 11 William 3d. c. 23 5 Anne, c. 31 6 Geo. 1st. c. 23 3 Geo. 2d. c. 16 14 Geo. 2d. c. 6 15 Geo. 2d. c. 34 15 & 16 Geo. 2d. c. 28 16 Geo. 2d. c. 15 3 Geo. 3d. c.15	Relative to Rewards for apprehending different classes of offenders, 390-392
25 Edward 3d. stat. 5. c. 2; 36 Geo. 3d. c. 7, relative to High Treason, 38, 39
25 Henry 8th. c. 6. Sodomy made capital, 46
18 Eliz. c. 7, Rape made capital, 46, 47
3 Henry 7th. c. 2 39 Eliz. c. 9	Forcible marriage and Defilement made capital, 48
6 Henry 4th. c.5 22 & 23 Charles 2d. c.2	Mayhem or Maiming made capital, 49
35 George 3d. c. 67, Polygamy punished by Transportation, ibid.
King Athelstan's Law (anno 956) punished Theft with Death, if above the value of One Shilling, 51
9 Henry 1st. punished Theft with Death (anno 1108), 52
23 Henry 8th. c. 1 1 Edw. 6th. c. 12 5 & 6 Edw. 6. c. 9 39 Eliz. c.15 3 & 4 William & Mary, c. 9 10 & 11 William 3d. c. 23 12 Anne, stat. 1 c. 7	As to Felonies in Dwelling-Houses, 54, 55
23 Henry 8th. c. 1 43 Eliz. c. 13 22 & 23 Charles 2d. c. 7, 11 1 Geo. 1st. c. 48 4 George 1st. c. 12 9 —— 1st. c. 22 10 —— 2d. c. 32 27 —— 2d. c. 25 9 —— 3d. c. 21 12 —— 3d. c. 24	Relative to Arson and Burning Houses, Barns, Corn, Underwood, Ships, &c., 56, 57
18 Eliz. c. 7 3 & 4 William & Mary, c. 9 12 Anne, stat. 1. c. 7	Relative to Burglary, 57
1 Edw. 6th. c. 12 21 Jac. 1st. c. 6 3 & 4. William & Mary, c. 9 4 & 5 William and Mary, c. 24 5 Anne, c. 6	Relative to the Benefit of Clergy, 439
4 Geo. 13. c. 11; 6 Geo. 1st. c. 23, legalizing Transportation to the Colonies, 436, 437
The same Statute appropriated the Services of Convicts, 454
16 Geo. 3d. first legalized the system of the Hulks, 455
16 Geo. 3d. c. 23, legalized Penitentiary Houses in Counties, ibid.
19 Geo. 3d. c. 74, legalized two National Penitentiary Houses, 456
24 Geo. 3d. stat. 2. c. 56, relative to Transportation and the Hulks, 460
27 Geo. 3d. c. 2; 30 Geo. 3d. c. 47, relative to New South Wales, 462
28 Geo. 3d. c. 24, contracts for Convicts, ibid.
2 Will. & Mary, c. 8, relative to paving the Metropolis, 592
10 Geo. 2d. c. 22 11 Geo. 3d. c. 29 14 Geo. 3d. c. 78 33 Geo. 3d. c. 75 34 Geo. 3d. c. 65—(Watermen),	Relative to the Police of the City of London, 592-597

27 Elizabeth 16 Chars. 1st.	divided the City into Wards	Relative to the Police of London and Westminster, 593, 594
29 George 2d. c. 25 31 —— 2d. c. 17 2 —— 3d. c. 21 3 —— 3d. c. 23 5 —— 3d. c. 13 & 50 11 —— 3d. c. 22 14 —— 3d. c. 90

28 —— 2d. c. 9 6 —— 3d. c. 24	Relative to the Police of Southwark, 594
6 Henry 6th. c. 5 6 —— 8th. c. 10 23 —— 8th. c. 5 25 —— 8th. c. 10 3 & 4 Edw. 6th. c. 8 1 Mary, stat. 3. c. 11 13 Eliz. c. 9 8 James, c. 14 7 Anne, c. 10	Relative to the System of the Sewers, 594, 595
9 Anne, c. 23 10 —— c. 19 12 —— stat. 1. c. 14 1 Geo. 1st. c. 57 12 —— 1st. c. 2 30 —— 2d. c. 22 4 —— 3d. c. 36 7 —— c. 44 10 —— c. 44 11 —— c. 24, 28 12 —— c. 49 24 —— stat. 2. c. 27 26 —— c. 72 32 —— c. 47 33 —— c. 75	Relative to Hackney Coaches and Chairs, 595
1 Geo. 1st. c. 57 18 —— 2d. c. 38 24 —— 2d. c. 43 30 —— 2d. c. 22 24 —— 3d. c. 27	Relative to Carts and other Carriages in the Metropolis, 596
21 Geo. 3d. c. 57, relative to Bullock-hunting, 597
26 Geo. 3d. c. 71, as to Slaughtering Horses, 104, n.

Adultery, not in the Criminal Code, 35
Advertising Bill-discounters and Money lenders to be regulated, 118, 119
Alehouses, a great source of Crimes and Nuisances when ill-regulated, 85, 311, &c. 324, &c.
In 5000 Alehouses within the Bills of Mortality upwards of £3,300,000 a year spent in Beer, Spirits, &c., 327
Profligate Characters entrusted with Licences a source of much mischief, 325, 326
Alfred, His Laws relative to Murder, 44
Alton's Liquid Test to detect counterfeit Gold and Silver Coin, 180
Ancestors. Their Laws had an immediate reference to the prevention of Crimes, 3
Anecdotes—Of an American Vessel plundered in the Thames in an extraordinary manner, 219
—— of a Guinea Vessel plundered, ibid.
—— of the plunder and imposition on a Canada Merchant, 229
—— of an Officer of Justice, who discovered an instance of pillage in one of the dock-yards, 283
—— Respecting the Lottery, the astonishing number of persons supported by fraudulent Insurances, 156, n.
—— of the Jews in London, the extraordinary depravity of the lowest orders, 148-150
—— of the different Classes of Cheats, 130
—— of a Robbery in the Drawing-room at St. James's, 127
—— of a Female Money-lender to Barrow Women, ibid.
—— of a Fortune-teller, 129
—— of a Police Officer watching the house of a Receiver of Stolen Goods, 306, n.
—— of a Jew who had committed a Rape, 431, n.
—— of Sir Matthew Hale, 432, n.
—— of the Justices of Chester, a singular circumstance, 52, 53
—— of a respectable Magistrate of the City, 513, n.
—— of Monsieur De Sartine Minister of the Police of Paris, an extraordinary circumstance, 525-530
—— of the Emperor Joseph the Second, 527, 528, 529
Apprentices corrupted by Receivers of Stolen Goods, &c., 12
—— harboured in Public-houses, in Clubs for purposes of lewdness and debauchery, 315, n.
—— Their immoral education, one cause of the origin of Crimes, 314-317
—— Neglect of superior Tradesmen in boarding Apprentices out of their houses, 316, 317, n.
Arrests for Felony, four modes practised, 388
—— deficiency in the Law protecting Lottery vagrants and others from being arrested on Sundays, 390
Arson, punished capitally, 56
Asylums, an establishment recommended for discharged Convicts, 99, 100
—— for the Indigent in the Metropolis, 572
—— for Sick, Lame, and Diseased, 573
Athelstan's Laws relating to Death, 51
Athenian Laws relative to Murder, 43
Auctioneers called diurnal, with Puffers, 117

B.

Bacon, Lord—Suggested a revision of the Criminal Code, 7
Ballad Singers—might, from an Evil, be made an advantage to Society, 348
Bank Notes and Bills received, knowing the same to be stolen—not an offence by any existing Law, 8, 114 n.
Barkers at Auctions, 117
Beadles ought to be rewarded for useful public Services, 415
—— The proper persons to apply to when nuisances are to be removed, 598
Beccaria, Marquis, his opinion of Punishments, 53, n.
—— his maxim relative to Pardons, 449, n.
Beggars, See Poor.
Benefit of Clergy extended to all ranks, 436
Bentham (Jeremy, Esq.) his proposal for a Penitentiary House for Convicts, and remarks thereon, 481-495
Bill Discounters, or Advertising Money-Lenders, 118, 119
Board of Police, See Police.
Bolton, Matthew, Esq. of Birmingham, number of Penny Pieces supplied by him, 186, n.
Botany Bay, See Convicts, New South Wales.
Brokers, in pawns, to be registered, 108, 304
Building Materials, dealers in, to be licenced, 549
Bullock-hunting, the Laws relative to it, 597
Burglary, not so frequent on the Continent as in England, 94
—— by what classes of men committed, 95, 96
—— systematically planned and executed, 101, 103
—— remedies proposed, 104
—— definition of Burglary and how punished, 57
—— called Hamsockne in the North of England, 58

C.

Carts and other Carriages, the Laws relative to them, 595, 596
Casual Poor, See Poor.
Chance Medley, how punished, 45
Charities in the Metropolis:
Parish Schools for Education, 569
Societies for promoting Religion and Morality, 570
Asylums for the Helpless and Indigent, 572
Hospitals for the Sick and Pregnant Women, 573
Dispensaries for the Poor, 574
Institutions for Charitable Purposes (See Poor), ibid.
Cheapside, a general rendezvous for Thieves, and the reason, 106, 107
Cheats, the offence of cheating defined by Law, 113
The different classes of Cheats explained; who are more or less engaged in acts of Fraud, in the Metropolis, 109, 110, &c. 131
China, its Laws, and Punishment for High-Treason, 40
Parricide, 41
Murder, 44
Theft, 52
Chips, See Dock-yards.
Churches and Places of Worship in the Metropolis, 568
Coaches and Chairs in the Metropolis (and See Hackney Coaches; Night Coaches), 595, 596
Coasting Vessels, &c. purchase embezzled Stores, 255
Coin counterfeited, and Coiners:
Extensive Circulation of base Coin, 15, 16
The evils attending it, 117, 118
Foreign Coin fabricated in England, ibid.
Coiners, 120 discovered, 18
Vast amount of Coin counterfeited, 181
Different Coins fabricated, 173
The process used in making the different kinds of base Money, 174, 184
The period when the trade of dealing in base Money acquires its greatest vigour, 188
Deficiencies of the present Laws, 208
Remedies proposed, 191-208
Colleges, five in London, 569
Commons and waste Lands, the source of evil by encouraging the idle Poor, 83
Constables, in the Metropolis, 1040 in London, Westminster, Middlesex, the Tower Liberty and Southwark, 397, 398, 399
Their power by the Common Law extensive, explained, 390
Rewards necessary to excite attention, 392
Rewards to Constables, and persons apprehending various classes of Criminals, 390
Propositions for rendering them more useful and respectable, 405-410
Convicts discharged from the Hulks from 1792 to 1799, 98
Number sent to the Hulks from the commencement of the Establishment, to December 12, 1795, 7999, 463
Expence of the support of Convicts transported in the Hulks, 465, 466-480, n.
General Statements, shewing the periods of their discharge, and the number pardoned, escaped and discharged, 463-465
A statement of their Earnings at Woolwich and Langston Harbour, 467, 468
The inefficacy of this mode of Punishment, 469, 470
Transported to New South Wales—Accounts of the Number and Expence, 472-474
Opinion of the Finance Committee on the inefficacy of the whole System, 475, &c.
Proposals for employment of Convicts in Penitentiary Houses by Jeremy Bentham, Esq., 481-495
Further Regulations in the Penitentiary System suggested, 495, 500
Copper Money, See Coiners.
Corn, and Provender stolen in the Country, how disposed of in the Metropolis, 88
Courts of Justice in the Metropolis:
Courts for the trials of Crimes, Misdemeanors, Trespasses, &c. Two superior and Five inferior, 428
9 Supreme Courts in the Metropolis, 577
4 Ecclesiastical Courts, Doctors Commons, ib.
17 Courts of Justice in the City of London, 478, 479
8 Courts of Justice in Westminster, 579, 580
15 Courts of Justice in that part of Middlesex which joins the Metropolis, 580, 581
8 Courts of Justice in Southwark, 581, 582
Crimes, Specification of some not punishable by Law, 8, 35, 36
The cause of their increases, &c., 24, 25
should be prevented rather than punished, 32, 33
punishable with Death—a List of them, 437, 438, 439
punishable with Transportation, 440, 441
punishable with Fine and Imprisonment, 442
punishments on Rogues and Vagabonds, 443
the encouragements to Crimes held out by the present System, 449
increased by the imperfections of the Law, relative to small Debts, 585, 586
See Offenders: Thieves.
Criminal Code, a Revision of proposed, 7, 8
—— its imperfections, 24, 25
—— its great severity, 33, 53
See Emperor Joseph's Criminal Code.
Criminal People, Their boldness and many chances of escaping, 20, 21
—— many thousands in the Metropolis who subsist illegally, 21
—— likely to be increased, 24
—— although unfit for the Navy and Army from diseases, ruptures, &c. are yet capable of committing crimes, 99, 100
—— the measures used to effect their purposes, 100, 104
—— they make contracts with Receivers, 104
—— increase by means of base Money, 211
Custom-House Officers, called Glut-men, connive at pillage and plunder, 232

D.

Dead Horses, and other Animals, Dealers in, to be regulated, 109
Dealers in old Metals and Stores, their great increase, 12
—— their mischievous tendency, 292, 293
—— Regulations proposed, 292, 293, 303, 548, 549
Death, The number of Crimes punishable with Death by the English Law, 5, 437
—— Abrogated in the Roman Empire, by the Portian Law, 6
—— Inadequate to the ends of Justice, 6
—— Impropriety of inflicting death, except for the highest offences, 30, 53, 58
—— Jewish Law relative to death, 43
—— Athenian Law, ib.
—— Roman ditto, ib.
—— Chinese ditto, 44
—— Persian ditto, 43
—— Saxon ditto, 44
—— Alfred's ditto, ib.
—— Athelstan's ditto, 51
—— Abolished in the Imperial Dominions of Joseph II. anno 1767, 60
—— Theft first punished by death by Henry I. nearly 700 years ago, 437
—— A specification of the several offences punishable with death by the Laws of England, 437, 438, 439
Debts, The difficulty and expence of recovering small sums, 584, 585, 586, 587
—— An astonishing Document, proving the vast extent of the injury, 587, n.
—— A Remedy proposed, 586, 588
Depredations on the Public, in the River and Dock-yards, Chap. viii. 214, &c. ix. 250, &c.
—— on Sugar and West India Produce, 240, 241
—— from Sugar Samples, upwards of 60,000l. a year, 235, n.
—— does not much exceed 15s. per cent. on the Moving Property, 215
Detection of Offenders:
—— The deficiency of the Law in this respect, 12, 13, 14, 15-20
—— further elucidated and explained, 381, 421, 422
Die Sinkers for base Money, the number employed, 184
Directions, and Cautions to avoid being cheated, 124, 125, 126, 127, &c.
—— As to the mode of proceeding in case of Fraud or Robbery, 383, n.
Dispensaries, in London, 574
Distresses of the Poor arising from the delusion of the Lottery (See Lottery), 154, 155
Docks in the River will not supersede the necessity of a River Police, 217, n.
Dock-yards, on the Plunder and Peculation therein, 249-287
—— Fees to Officers one source of the Evil, 251
—— Frauds in receiving, detaining, and selling Stores, 253-259
—— The Perquisite of Chips, 256, 257, n.
—— The amount of Public Property in Navy, Victualing and Ordnance Stores, estimated at 7,000,000l., 260
—— Laws now existing for protecting of this Property, 261-3
—— Their deficiency, and Remedies proposed through the means of the Legislature, by A General Police System, 264
—— A Local Police for the Dock-yards, 265
—— Legislative Regulations in aid of these Systems, 269
—— Through the Admiralty, by regulating the sale of old Stores, 274-280
—— Abolishing the Perquisite of Chips, 281
—— —— of Fees, and increasing Salaries, 282
—— Improving the mode of keeping Accounts, 284
—— Making an annual Inventory of Stores, 286
Dollars, counterfeited, 173
—— (stamped) the iniquities practised in counterfeiting and exporting, detected by the Author of this Work, 172, 173, n.
Draco, his sanguinary boast, 33

Education, The great inattention to in the lower ranks one cause of Crimes, 34, 311
—— Seminaries for, in the Metropolis, estimated at 4050, 569
Egyptians, Their Laws for the punishment of certain offences, 41
Embezzlement of Public Stores. See River Plunder—Dock-yards.
Emperor Joseph the Second abolished the punishment of Death, 60
—— His edict on promulgating his New Criminal Code, 61
—— Abstract of his New Code, 63
—— A singular Anecdote concerning this Prince, 528, 529
Estimates, That Receivers of stolen Goods have increased from 300 to 3000 in the Metropolis, 9, 12
—— of moving Property on the River Thames (table), 215
—— —— arriving, departing, and circulating in the Port of London, 216, 217
—— —— belonging to the Public, Naval, and Warlike Stores, &c., 260
—— of Chips in Dock-yards, 256, 257, n.
—— of Streets, Houses, and Families in London, 411, n.
—— of Public Houses, 110
—— of Persons employed in fraudulent Lotteries, 156, n.
—— of the number of Members of Friendly Societies, 157
—— of the number of Jews, 147, 148
—— of the Officers of Justice, Beadles, Watchmen, and Patroles 2044, 413, 414
—— of Magistrates, acting in the Metropolis, 416, 417, 418
—— of Convicts, and others discharged from Prisons, 96, n., 97
—— of Prisoners tried in 1793 and 1754, 448
—— of the Produce of Labour of Convicts in the Hulks (See Convicts: Police), 467
Exports from the River Thames in one year 29,640,000l. (table), 215, 216

F.

Farmers, petty Depredations on them, 86, 89
Faro Tables and Games of Chance, their evil Tendency, 135, 136
—— particularly in private Houses of Persons of Rank, 148
Felo de se, how punished by different Laws, 43, 44
Felonies, Public and Private defined, 43
—— A specific Detail of the different Felonies, distinguishing the Punishments, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441
Female Prostitution. See Prostitutes.

Fielding, Henry Fielding, Sir John

Excellent Magistrates, &c., 453, n.

Finance Committee of the House of Commons, their useful Labours and Opinions on various Subjects (See Police), 251, n., 264, 419, 427, 469, 514, 516, 558, n.
Fires in London, the Laws relative to them, 597, 598
Forcible Marriage, how punished by different Laws, 48
Foreign Coin counterfeited in England, 17, 18, 184, 190
Foreigners, their opinion of the English System of Police, 522
—— the insecurity likely to arise from so many of them acquiring a knowledge of the English Language, 530
Fortune-tellers, their evil tendency, &c., 128, 130
Founders of Metals, an object of regulation as a means of preventing Crimes, 10, 540, n.
France, its Laws relative to Receivers of stolen Goods, 302, n.
—— —— to Sodomy, 46
—— its former Police, curious Anecdotes of, 525
Frauds on the Public in the Metropolis:
—— in the Naval Department of two sorts, 256, 257
—— and Forgeries specifically detailed, 111, 112, &c.
French language, the inconvenience and insecurity from its being so generally spoken, 530
Friendly Societies, an Estimate of the number of Members, 575
—— a proposition to guard them against the Evils of the Lottery, 157

G.

Gaming, among the lower Ranks in Public Houses, a vast source of Crimes, 324
—— the Law relative to, and Penalties, 134, 135
—— the systematic confederacy of certain Gaming Establishments fully developed, 136-147
—— Estimated amount of the Money annually lost and won by Gaming, 143
—— the evil Consequences of Gaming, and dreadful effects to many respectable Families, 148
—— the bad example to menial Servants of Persons of Fashion, 150, 151
Gin, the astonishing quantity drank in London, 327, n.
—— the advantages arising from a High Price, 328, n.
Grecian Law relative to Sodomy, 46
—— —— to Polygamy, 49

H.

Hackney Coaches, to be regulated by the Police, (and see Night Coaches), 105, 106, 305, 547, 556
—— Laws relative to them, 402
Hale, Sir Matthew, his opinion of criminal Indictments, 432, n.
Hawkers and Pedlars, to be licensed by Magistrates, 116, 117
—— their fraudulent Practices, 116, &c.
High Treason, See Treason.
Highway Robberies, by what classes committed, 95
—— systematically planned and executed, 102, 103
—— suggestions for preventing them by means of a Travelling Police, 109, n.
Homicide, 45, 46
Horse Patroles proposed, 109, n.
Horses Stolen, receiving them as such no Crime, 9, n.
—— how to be remedied, 303, 550
—— Frauds and Felonies respecting, immense, 103, n., 115, n.
Hospitals in the Metropolis, 573
Houses in the Metropolis 160,000, and upwards, 568
Houses of Correction, authorized in different Counties, 455
—— Regulations, 459, 460
Hue and Cry, a particular means of arresting Criminals, 388, 389
Hulks, the depravity of the Convicts confined in them, 24
—— First instituted in 1776, 455
—— Regulations by Parliament (See Convicts), 461

I. & J.

Idle Poor, the Funds appropriated for their support a Public Evil, 80, 82, &c.
Jews, (Dutch) their mode of Education a National Injury, as it promotes Idleness and Profligacy among the lower ranks, 119, 319
—— Objects of regulation as Dealers in old Metals and Apparel, 120
—— the principal Utterers of base Coin, 182, 190
—— the deplorable state of the lower orders belonging to the Dutch Synagogues, and the difficulties in making them useful, 120, 319, &c.
—— they are generally the medium by which stolen Goods are concealed and sold, 292
Jewish Synagogues in London, 568
Jewish Laws relative to Murder, 43
—— —— Sodomy, 46
—— —— Rape, 47
—— ——Theft, 52
Immorality of worse consequence than Political Crimes, 34
—— striking proofs adduced, 35, 36
Imports and Exports to and from the Port of London, abstract of (table), 215, 216
—— of Sugar and Rum for a year to March 25, 1799, 234, n.
Imprisonment for Debt, its impolicy and evil consequences in producing moral Crimes, 390, 394, &c.
Indigence, one cause of Crimes (See Poor), 352
Inhabitants of London, number estimated at one Million at least, 569
Inns of Court and Chancery in London, ib.
Institutions for useful, charitable, and humane purposes in the Metropolis, 376, 381
Irish, the lower Ranks great Utterers of base Money, 189
Iron Shops, great Receptacles of stolen Goods, 293
Judges of England, their great purity adds lustre to their own and the National Character, 430
—— the extreme labour attached to their Situations, a Proposition for the reducing it, 590

K.

King, his Majesty's goodness and love of Mercy exemplified in pardon to Convicts, 22
King's Stores, Men employed to remove the broad arrow from Public Stores, 258
—— Abuses and Evils from the Sale of Old Stores, 256
—— Stolen, embezzled, &c. in the Thames, 257

L.

Landed Interest, Depredations on by petty Thefts calculated at 4s. per Acre per annum, 89
Larceny, the Definition of this Offence, and the punishment, 50
—— Grand Larceny defined, 50, 55
Law, the different classes of Professional Men in the Metropolis, 583
Laws of England, (Criminal) Deficient with regard to the prevention of Crimes, abridging Liberty, and rendering Property insecure, and in some instances even Life itself, 94, 95, 100
—— Punishments, from their severity, defeat the ends of Justice, 43, 53
—— Above 160 Offences punishable with Death, 437
—— When incompatible with Justice Law should be repealed, 8, 301
—— Some Offences, injurious to Society, not punished at all, 8, 9, 34, 35, 36
—— Criminal Law explained, with respect to various Offences:
High Treason, 38
Public Felonies against the State, 42
Private Felonies specifically considered, viz:
Murder, 43, 44
Manslaughter, 44, 45
Homicide by Misadventure, 45
Chance Medley, ib.
Self-Defence, ib.
Rape, 46, 48
Forcible Marriage, 48
Polygamy, 49
Mayhem, ib.
Grand Larceny, 50
Petty Larceny, 50, 51
Mixed Larceny, 54, 55
Offences punishable by the Laws of England; a List of, 437, &c.
Law-suits, See Writs, Debts.
Lewdness and Debauchery prevail in all ill-regulated Public Houses (See Alehouses), 311
Liberty of the subject abridged by Thieves and Robbers, 2, 93
—— not by salutary Regulations to prevent Robbery, 13, 14, 308, 309, 545
Licences proposed on Milk Dealers, 92
—— on various trades connected with the Receivers of stolen Goods (See Police), 540, n., 549, 550
Lightermen on the Thames assist in Pillage and Plunder, 228
Lighting, &c. the Metropolis, 592
Little Goes, a private Lottery, a contrivance of a recent date, brought forward by the Lottery Cheats to keep alive the delusion and fever on the minds of the Poor all the year round, 152
Livery Stable Keepers, proposed to be regulated (See Horses), 109, 541
Lodgers, and Lodging Houses, proposed to be registered, 105, 539
London, comprehending the Metropolis. Its Commerce (See River Plunder)
—— The Magistrates, a list of; also Public Offices, 504, 505
—— Houses, Streets, Families, and Inhabitants, 411
—— Its prodigious Extent and Opulence, 567
—— Places of Religious Worship, 482
—— Seminaries for Education, 569
—— Institutions for promoting Morality, 570
—— For the Arts, 571
—— Asylums for the Indigent and Helpless, 572
—— For the Sick, Lame, &c., 573
—— Dispensaries, 574
—— Charitable Institutions, 574
—— Courts of Justice, 577, 578, 579, 580, 581, 582
—— Prisons, 582
—— Municipal Regulations of the Metropolis, relative to Watching, Lighting, Fires, &c. &c., 591
London, so called, (the City):
—— The utility of a closer Connection between the Aldermen and Police Justices, 420
—— The great respectability of the Magistrates of London, 512
—— The vast Labour of their official Situation, 513
—— Magistrates with Salaries proposed, to ease them of that part of the Labour which relates to Criminal Offences, 518
—— The great Labour attached to the Office of Lord Mayor, 513
—— Reasons assigned in favour of an Improvement of the Police of the City, by means of assisting Justices, ib.
—— The advantages which would result from such a System, 517
Lottery, A great means of corrupting the Morals of the Lower Orders of the People, 11
—— Lottery Insurers cheats of the worst class, 151-159
—— Their evil Practices explained, and their devises to carry them on in despite of the Law, 152, 153
—— Menial Servants contribute considerably to their support, 153, 154
—— The astonishing extent of their Transactions, 154, 155
—— The misery attendant on the Lottery delusion to the Poor, who fill the Pawnbrokers' Shops during the drawing of it, 155
—— The amazing amount of the premiums for Insurances yearly, 154, 156, n.
—— Estimated amount of fraudulent Insurances per annum 10,460,000l., 143
—— The astonishing number of Lottery Insurers, with their Appendages, consisting of Clerks, Morocco-men, Bludgeon-men, and Ruffians, employed during the Drawing of the Two Lotteries each year, 156, n.
—— The Lottery might be rendered useful to the State if the poorer classes could be shielded from its mischief, 157, 556
—— The evils attending on its present Plan, and the audacious conduct of the miscreants engaged in fraudulent Insurances in resisting the Civil Power, explained, 156, n., 158, 159
—— Their Profits said to be immense during the English Lottery 1796, 159
—— The exertions of the Magistrates rendered more peculiarly necessary to check this evil during the time of drawing the Lotteries, 159
—— Expedients proposed for guarding the Poor against the mischiefs, of future Lotteries, digested under eight different Heads, 160, 161, 162
—— Three plans for drawing the Lottery in such a manner as to prevent Insurance, 163, 170
Louis d'Ors, coined in England, 17, 190
Loyal Military Associations, the Country much indebted to them, 533, n.
Lumpers or Labourers on the River (See River Plunder), 226

M.

Magistrates, their Duty with regard to Public Houses (See Alehouses.)
—— Their great utility when their Power and Influence are prudently and judiciously employed, 383, 422, 423
—— The number Of Magistrates in the Metropolis, 270
—— The number who sit daily in rotation, 417, 418
—— The number of persons committed annually for Trial 2500 to 3000, 432, 433
—— The mortification experienced by the Magistrates in seeing their labour lost in consequence of the chief of these Prisoners thrown back on Society without punishment, 432, 433
—— A List of the City Magistrates, 504
—— —— the Police Magistrates, 505
—— Their Duty explained, 506
—— Their Labours cramped for want of pecuniary Funds, 509, 510
—— Magistrates with salaries necessary in every part of the Metropolis, and benefits arising from them, 517
—— Avocations of the City Magistrates explained, 522
Manslaughter defined, how punished, 44.
Marine Police Institution, Origin and Progress of, 239, 248
—— Annual Advantages resulting therefrom to the West India Planters and the Revenue estimated at 160,000l. and upwards, 240, 241, n., 242, n.
—— The effect in restraining River Plunderers, 242, 244
—— Necessity of its being sanctioned by Legislative Regulations, 245, &c.
—— Testimonies to the utility of the System, and the benefits it has already produced, 242, n., 247, 248, n., 558, n.
—— The number employed in this Establishment, 399, n., 418
Marriage, The evil consequence of the prevailing practice of Cohabitation without it, 340
Martin, Matthew, Esq. his benevolent exertions for relieving the Poor, 360, 361, n.
Mayhem, Laws relative to it, 49
Menial Servants, Their Morals corrupted, how, 154, 155
Metals, Dealers in proposed to be regulated, 108, 540, 549
Metropolis, vide London.
Milk, curious particulars as to the Adulteration of, 89, 90, &c.
Misadventure, Homicide by, defined, 45
—— how punished, 45, 46
Misdemeanors, A list of them punishable by Law, 442
Money counterfeit, vide Coin.
Montesquieu, Baron, his opinion relative to Thefts, &c., 30, 53
Morals, The moral Principles destroyed among the Lower Ranks, 11, 310, &c.
—— Can only be preserved by preventing Crimes, 14
—— Bad education and bad habits destroy Morals, and are the chief causes of atrocious Crimes, 34, 35, 94, 95, 310, &c.
—— The deficiency of the System for guarding the Morals of the Lower Orders one great cause of the Corruption of Manners, 36
—— Other Causes, The temptations of a great Capital, 35
—— The habit of living improvidently and luxuriously, 312
—— The temptation of fraudulent Lotteries, 151, 152, 159
—— The Facilities held our by Pawnbrokers, Old Iron Shops, and other Receivers of Stolen Goods, enabling persons to raise Money on pilfered articles in an easy way, 288, 323
—— The bad examples in ill-regulated Public Houses one great cause of the Corruption of Morals, 310-324
—— The habit recently practised of Men, Women and Children spending their time in the Tap-rooms of Alehouses, where all sorts of Profligacy prevails, exhibited in language and conduct, 310, 314, 324
—— The profligate Characters intrusted with Licences to keep Alehouses (See Alehouses), 325, 326
—— The immoral or careless Education of Apprentices, 314
—— The failure in Business by Mismanagement, Idleness, &c., 317
—— Servants out of Place, 318
—— The mode of Education and Superstition of the Jews, which prevent them from being apprenticed to Mechanical Employments, 319
—— The vast temptations to plunder, which are held out to Lumpers, Scuffle-hunters, Mudlarks, Scullers, Lightermen, &c. on the Thames, from the want of proper Guards, and a proper System for protecting Property (See River Plunder—Dock-yards), 322
—— The temptations held out to fraud from the shocking state of the Silver and Copper Coinage, and the imperfection of the Mint Laws, 171, 172
—— The temptations held out in a great Metropolis from the resource which the influx of Wealth affords to commit acts of Criminality, giving so many opportunities to live in Idleness, 111, 112
—— The deficiency of the Laws in not taking cognizance of Moral Crimes, 35, 36
—— Morals of Public Depredators, 251
Morality—Men of pure Morals make the best Subjects, 36
—— Against its principle to punish small offences with Death, 59
—— Societies for promoting it, 570
Mudlarks, See River Plunder, 230
Murder, Laws relative to it, in this and other Countries, 43, 45

N.

Naval Embezzlements and Plunder, &c.
Reasons why not heretofore corrected, 252
Gratuities given, a great evil, 251
The Depredations enormous (See River Plunder—Dock-yards), 253
New South Wales, Transportation there when first legalized (See Convicts), 460, 462
Night Coaches, a great means of promoting Burglaries, 105
—— Propositions for regulating them, 106, 305, 547, 556, 557

O.

Offences, 160 punishable with Death, 58
Some not punishable by the Laws, 8, 30, 35
A general List of the various classes of Offences, 437, &c.
See further Punishments.
Officers of Justice—Their Zeal always proportioned to that shewn by the Magistrates under whom they act, 384
The importance of choosing men of Respectability, ibid.
The absurd prejudices against Officers of Justice, 385
The Antiquity and Power of the Officers of Justice, 386
Number of them in the Metropolis, 397, 411, n.
Officers subjected to considerable risks, 400
Ought to be rewarded—vide Rewards.
Old Bailey—Its registers shew the necessity of a Prosecutor for the Crown, 21
Trials anno 1790 and 1791, eight Sessions, 394, 395, 396
Idem and Convicts 1793 and 1794, 448
Old Iron Shops, Owners for the most part, generally Receivers—(See Receivers), 10
Origin of Crimes, Traced to Alehouses—Bad education of Apprentices—Servants out of Place—Jews—Receivers—Pawnbrokers—Low Gaming-Houses—Smuggling—Prisons, Chap. XI. 310-332
—— Female Prostitution (See Prostitutes), Ch. XII. 333-345
—— Tea Gardens, 346, 347
—— Ballad Singers, 348, 349
—— State of the Poor (See Poor), Chap. XIII. 351-380

P.

Pagoda, of Arcot, counterfeited in London, 17, 184, 190
Pardons—The devices used to obtain them, 22
Granted to four-fifths of those found guilty of death, 449
Marquis Beccaria's Opinion of Pardons, 450, n.
Impositions practised to obtain them, ibid.
Conditions under which they ought to be granted, 451
The evil consequences of free Pardons, 451, 452
A tacit disapprobation of the Law, (Beccaria), 59
Parents, their Profligacy and inattention to the Education of their Children, 311, &c.
Parochial Officers in the Metropolis, 397, 398, 416
—— of little use to the Police in the Metropolis, why, 400
Parricides, their punishment by the Roman Law, 41
By the Chinese and Egyptian Laws, ibid.
Patroles and Watchmen, their number, 399
—— frequently conspire with Thieves, 106, 108
Pawnbrokers hold out many temptations to the Poor, 115
—— A proposition for regulating them, 116, 550
—— To give security for good behaviour, 116
—— The number in London and the Country, 115, n.
—— The immense amount of the Goods of the Poor at all times in their hands, 116, n.
Peace, an epoch when much danger is to be apprehended in the return of Criminals, 100, 529, 530
Peace-Officers—Safeguards of the Community, 384, 385
—— The ill effects of the absurd prejudice against them, 385
—— The number in the Metropolis, 408, 413, 414
Penitentiary Houses. Two national ones authorised, but never erected, 456, 457, 459
An Inspector of Penitentiary Houses should be appointed, (See Convicts), 460
Penny-Pieces, 40 Millions of them coined by Mr. Bolton of Birmingham, 186, n.
—— why not likely to be much counterfeited, 183, n.
Petty Larceny, how punished, 50, 51
Pewter Pots and Pewter, purchased by Dealers in Old Iron—Protected by Act 21 Geo. 3d. c. 69, 299
Piracy a capital offence, 55
Pirates on the River, their audacious conduct, (See River Plunder).
Plunder on the River, and Dock-yards (See those titles).
Police—The advantages resulting from it when well regulated, 1, 2
The insecurity from a deficient Police no where so great as in England, 3, 4
One cause for the increase of Criminals is the insufficiency of the Police, 4, 310
The specific causes of the deficiency explained, and the means of improvement, 24, 25, 26
The disjointed State of the Police one of the causes of the increase of Stolen Goods, 289
The Establishment of an active Principle strongly enforced, 307
The expences of the Police might be defrayed by itself, under an improved System, 410
No place of Industry provided by the Police for discharged Prisoners, (See Convicts), 99
Police of the Metropolis explained, 503
City and Police Magistrates now acting, their Names, 504, 505
Their Duty explained, 506, 507
Inconveniences arising from want of Funds, Robberies and Burglaries not prevented, from this among other Causes, 509, 510
Police Magistrates should have power to give small Rewards for useful Services, 510, 511
Police Magistrates necessary in all large Societies, 514
Police Magistrates have nothing to do with Politics, 517, n.
Police System approved by the Manufacturers of Spital Fields, 519, 520, n.
The great deficiency of the System for want of a Centre Point, 520
Constitutional superintendence of Police rests with the Secretary of State for the Home Department, 521, 522
The increase of State Business, and the increase of Crimes, renders a delegation of subordinate management necessary, 520
The utility and absolute necessity of such a System explained, 521, 522
The opinion of Foreigners of the Police of London, ibid.
The Police of France under the old Government, observations upon it illustrated by two Anecdotes of M. de Sartine, 524, 525, &c.
The situation of this as well as every Country in Europe makes a correct System of Police necessary, on account of the profligate Characters who will infest the Metropolis on the return of Peace, 529, 530
A Board of Police proposed as the only means of binding together a disjointed System, and of giving it that energy which the interest of the Country requires, 531
The new System of Central Police recommended by the Finance-Committee fully detailed and explained, Chap. XVIII., 535
Reasons suggested by the Committee, 535-539
The leading object the prevention of Crimes, and the raising a Revenue by Licence Duties, 540, 541
Trades proposed to be Licensed, 540, n., 549, 550
Expence of the Police of the Kingdom near £216,000, 542, 543
A Central Board of Police Revenue to be formed by the consolidation of the two Boards of Hackney Coaches, & Hawkers, &c., 542-545
The Licensing System to be extended over the Kingdom under the Controul of this Board, 545-547
Functions of the Commissioners of this Central Board of Police amply detailed under 20 heads, 547-558
Outline of the Bill proposed to be brought into Parliament for establishing this Central Board of Police, 559, &c.
Polygamy, an improved mode of punishment for, 49
Poor, their Distresses, 312, 313, n.
—— Particularly from the Lottery delusion, 151, 152
—— State of, Cap. XIII., 352-380
—— Casual, the erroneous System respecting them one great cause of the increase of Crimes, 351
Estimate of Voluntary Contributions for their Relief, £850,000 per Ann., 358
Present expence of the Casual Poor not less than £10,000 per Ann., 362, 363
This Relief ill applied, ibid.
Propriety of consolidating and superintending this Relief, 364
Poverty not an Evil if it does not degenerate into Indigence, 365, 366
The Poor divided into five Classes:
The useful and industrious, 366
Vagrant, 367
Indigent, 368
Aged and Infirm, 369
Infants, ibid.
The Statute 43 Elizabeth unexceptionable in its principle, but its execution deficient, 370, 373, 575
Proposals for a Pauper Police, to regulate Street Beggars and Casual Poor, 373-376
Expence thereof £5,230 to be defrayed by contributions from the Parishes proportioned to the sums now paid by them for Casual Relief, ibid.
Benefit of consolidating the Funds of all the Parishes in the Metropolis, 377, 378
The System should be perfected by the joint efforts of well-informed individuals, ibid.
Prisoners. An Asylum proposed for those that are discharged, to prevent their returning to evil practices for want of Work, (See Convicts), 97, 98, n., 486
—— Abstracts of the number committed and discharged in the Metropolis in the course of a year, ending Oct. 1795 (Table), 430

—— Number discharged from the eight Gaols in the Metropolis in a period of four years:

—— —— 1st. by Proclamation	5,592	96, 97
—— —— 2d. Acquittals	2,962
—— —— 3d. After Punishment	2,484
	11,038

—— Discharged from 1792 to 1799:

—— —— 1.	8,650
—— —— 2.	4,935
—— —— 3.	6,925
		20,510	97
—— —— from the Hulks, ditto		11,383
		21,893	98

—— Tried at the Old Bailey from Sept. 1790 to 1791, 394
—— Tried at the Old Bailey from April 1793 to 1794, 448
—— Tried in the year 1795, their Crimes and Sentences, 446, 447
—— Committed annually for trial in the Metropolis from 2,500, to 3,000, 96
Prisons in the Metropolis, 331, 582
Prosecutor for the Crown—The Utility of such an Establishment, 21, 26
The injury occasioned by the want of it in defeating Justice, 426, 427
A severe Burden on the subject to prosecute, 426
Further Reasons in favour of the Proposition, 430, 432, 539
Prostitutes—Their unhappy Situation, and the dreadful consequences of it, Cap. XII., 333
The evil cannot be prevented, but may be alleviated, 337
Number of Prostitutes of various classes estimated at 50,000, 340
Proposals for regulating them not inconsistent either with Religion or Morality, 343
The Example of Holland and India quoted, 345
Public Houses, vide Alehouses.
Punishments—defeat their ends by too much Severity, 6
Death should be inflicted as seldom as possible, ibid.
Disproportionate to the Offences, 6, n., 8
A Definition of Punishments, 29
Should be proportioned to the Offence, &c., 29, 30
The objects of inflicting Punishments, ibid.
General Rules relative to Punishments, 32, 33
The Severity of Punishments exposed, 34, 35, 36, 94
Punishments examined as they apply to the various Offences known in the English Law, 38, 39, &c.
Punishments by the new Code of the Emperor Joseph, 60, 63
Marquis Beccaria's Opinion and Maxims, 53, n.
The System of Punishments fully considered, Cap. XVI., 434-500
Punishments inflicted on various Offences by the English Law, 437, 438, 439, &c. &c.
Punishments as now regulated tend to increase Crimes, (See Convicts), 449-452

Q.

Quarter Sessions of the Peace:
—— and General Sessions of Middlesex, in certain Cases, act under a Commission of Oyer and Terminer, 445
—— Held in London, eight times a year, 428
—— in Westminster, four times a year, ibid.
—— in Middlesex, eight times a year, ibid.
—— in Tower Liberty, eight times a year, ibid.
—— in Surry, four times a year, ibid.
Quays—Plunder committed upon—See River Plunder.

R.

Rape, Laws Relative, to it in England, Death by 18 Eliz. c. 7, 47
The Egyptian Law relative to this Crime, ib.
The Athenian ditto, ib.
The Roman ditto, ib.
The Jewish ditto, ib.
Receivers of Stolen Property:
Receivers of Cash, or Bank Notes, not punishable, 8
nor of Horses and Cattle, 9, n.
3000 estimated to be in the Metropolis, 10
The greatest encouragers of Thieves, 9
Their wonderful increase in the last 20 years, 12
Restraints upon them a public benefit, 13, 14, 104
Make previous contracts with Thieves, 103, 291
Hostlers at Watering Houses often Receivers of Corn, &c., 88
Journeymen Butchers receive Cattle, 104
Receivers considered separately, Cap. VIII., 288, 308, &c.
The chief cause of Public Depredation, 289
The different Classes detailed, 292, 293
By 3 and 4 William and Mary, c. 9. made Accessaries after the fact, 294
By 4 Geo. I. c. 11. punishable by Transportation for fourteen Years, 295, 301
The Laws enumerated relative to Receivers, and their defects pointed out, 293, 301
A proposition to make the Receiving Stolen Goods an original Offence, 302
Remedies proposed under eight different heads by regulating certain Classes of Dealers, 303, 307
A System of inspection recommended, 308
Applied to for their assistance in recovering valuable Property which is stolen, 384
Religion, Places of Public Worship in the Metropolis, 568
Register of delinquency proposed to be kept by the Central Board of Police, 554
Remedies for Evils mentioned in this Work:
To remove the Imperfections in the Criminal Code, 24
To improve the System of the Hulks, 27
To improve also the Mode of Transportation, and the Employment of Convicts, 481, &c.
To establish National Penitentiary Houses, 457, 460
To improve the System in granting Licences to Public Houses—See Alehouses.
To regulate Dealers in Old Iron, Metals, Stores, Old Wearing Apparel, Founders of Metals, &c. by Licence, 304
To improve the Laws relative to the prevention of Pillage and Plunder in the River Thames—See River Plunder.
To improve the Laws relative to the prevention of Frauds, Embezzlements, Pillage and Plunder in Ships of War, and Transports, and in the Naval and other public Arsenals (See Dock-yards), 26, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258
To prevent Highway Robberies and Burglaries, 103
To prevent the Coinage of base Money, and the Sale and Circulation of the same, 190, 211
To prevent the evil effects of the Devices of Cheats, Swindlers, Gamblers and fraudulent Persons, viz.
Swindlers in general, 113, 150
Fraudulent Pawnbrokers, 109
Hawkers and Pedlars, 116
Puffing diurnal Auctioneers, 117
Puffing Money Lenders, 118
Illegal Lottery Insurers, 151, 162
Itinerant Jews, 147, 148
Various Classes of Cheats and Swindlers, &c. with Cautions to Tradesmen and others to beware of them, 131
A general Remedy proposed, 131, 132
To prevent the evil of receiving Stolen Goods, and through this medium the Commission of Robberies, Burglaries, Thefts, Larcenies, Embezzlements, Frauds and Swindling, &c. under eight different heads, 302, 303, 304, &c.
To prevent Justice from being defeated in the apprehension of Offenders, by Rewards to Officers and others apprehending them (See Rewards), 392, 393
To prevent Frauds in the trial of Offenders by appointing a Prosecutor for the Crown, 21, 26
To proportion all punishments to the nature of the Offence, and to abolish sanguinary and severe Punishments, 28, 29, 59, 60
To improve the System with regard to Pardons—(See Pardons), 27
To improve the System of Police for the Metropolis, by establishing a Fund for Rewards, 509, 512
To establish a concurrent Jurisdiction over the whole of the Metropolis, 419, 420
To establish Police Magistrates in London, 513, n.
To establish a Board of Police as a centre point, where a responsible superintending agency, under the Secretary of State for the Home Department, should be pledged to attend to the great outlines of the Police of the Metropolis—(See Police), 25, 26
A System for the more easy recovery of small Debts, 584, 585, 586, 587
To improve the Municipal Police, by extending the same Laws, Penalties and Punishments to every part of the Metropolis, 599, &c.
General View of all the Remedies proposed in this Work, against the existing Evils which at present infest the Metropolis, Ch. XX. p. 602, &c.
Restraints imposed on Criminal People cannot affect the Liberty of the Subject, 13
Those already established to obtain Revenue, severer, 14
Revenue of the Customs greatly injured by River Plunder, 241, n.
Rewards—To be given by Magistrates in order to enable them to detect offenders—The utility explained, 509-511
Rewards necessary to all classes of Public Officers of Justice, for the purpose of exciting vigilance, 409, 410
Rewards granted at present for ten specific Offences, detailed, 390, 391
Amount paid by Sheriffs from 1786 to 1797, £.94,430, 393, n.
Rewards paid on Prosecutions at the Old Bailey from Sept. 1790 to 1791, 394, 395
Small Rewards recommended for detecting inferior Offences, 393, 394
The quantum of the Reward to be left to the discretion of the Judge, and allowed according to the merit of the parties, whether there is a conviction or not, 393, 396
Rewards proposed for the detection of Coiners and Utterers of Base Money, 207
For the detection of Plunderers in the Dock-yards, 272
River Plunder, its amazing extent, probably not less than Half a Million per annum, Cap. VIII., 215, 237, 238, 239
Yet not exceeding 15s. per Cent. on the value of the Property exposed, 215, 216, & table
13,000 Vessels and more discharge and receive three millions of Packages annually in the River, 217
Various classes of River Plunderers.
River Pirates, (particular instances of their audacious Depredations), 218, 220
Night Plunderers, 220, 223
Light Horsemen, or nightly Plunderers of West India Ships, 223, 226
Heavy Horsemen, or Lumpers, 226, 227
Game Watermen, ibid.
Game Lightermen, 228, 231
Mud-Larks, 230
Revenue Officers, 231, 232
Scuffle-hunters, 233, 234
Copemen, or Receivers, 235, 236
See further Marine Police.
Robberies and Burglaries—not prevented by the Police System of 1792, and the reason why, 509
Chiefly for want of giving small Rewards, 510
Robbery, defined, 54
Roman Laws, relative to Murder, Theft, 41, 51

S.

Salaries, proposed to be increased to the Servants of the Crown, on the abolition of Perquisites, 282
Sartine, M. de, Minister of Police in Paris, two singular Anecdotes of, 525, 526, &c.
Saxon Laws relative to Murder, 44
Schools in the Metropolis, 569
Scuffle-hunters, A class of Labourers who hunt after Work when Ships are discharging, chiefly with a view to plunder, 233, 234
Sequin of Turkey, counterfeited in London, 18, 184, 190
Servants—Corrupted by the temptations of the Metropolis, 12
Particularly by the Lottery, 153, 155
Sewers, their origin and great utility, the Acts relative to them, 591
Sharpers, an account of noted Females concerned in different kinds of Frauds, 127, 130
Sharpers and Swindlers, their various devices to defraud the Public, 114, 115
—— Ought to find security for their Good Behaviour, 135
Ships, in the River Thames, the Loss and Inconvenience arising from the
present mode of discharging, (See River Plunder)
Silk Manufacturers of Spital-Fields, their Address of Thanks for the
Establishment of the Police System in 1792, 519, 520, n.
Societies in London for Morals, Arts, &c., 570, 571
Society for the Relief of Persons imprisoned for small Debts, an excellent Institution, 589
Sodomy, the Laws relative to it, and the Punishment, 46
—— Introduced into England by the Lombards, ibid.
Soup Charities, their peculiar excellence in relieving the Poor, 81, 82, n., 356
Southwark, the Acts relative to its Police, 594
Spirituous Liquors, the astonishing Consumption of, &c., 327, n.
Statutes, See Acts of Parliament.
Statute Law—Necessity of its Revisal, and the steps taken for that purpose, 7, n., 32
Stolen Goods, See Receivers.
Stores, Government, See Embezzlement; Naval Embezzlements; Acts, 257
Streets in the Metropolis, estimated at 8000, 411
Sugars, the Plunder of, estimated at £.97,000 a year, lost by the Planters and Merchants, and £.25,000 by the Revenue, 241, n.
—— Annual losses by Samples, £.60,000 and upwards, 235, n.
Suicide, the effect of Gambling in the Lottery, 144, n.
Summary View of the Causes of the Insufficiency of the Police, under nine different heads, 24, 25, 26, 27
—— Of Prisoners committed in one year, 429
Superstition of the Jews, See Jews.
Swindlers, See Sharpers.

T.

Tea Gardens, Public Evils, 345
—— Proposals for regulating them, 347
Thames (River) See River Plunder—Marine Police.
Thefts (petty) Causes and Progress of, Cap. III., 74, & seq.
—— By Persons not belonging to the Fraternity of Thieves, estimated at £.700,000, 10
—— From Ships in the River and upon the Wharfs, See River Plunder.
—— From Dock-yards, Ships of War, &c. See Dock-yards.
—— Burglaries, Highway Robberies, &c., 93, 94, 103
Theft. First punished with Death by Henry I. 1108, 52
The Laws relative to Theft in this and other Nations, 51
Thieves. Professed Thieves not intimidated when put on their Trial; reasons assigned, 424, 425, 426, 449, 450
The different classes of persons who resort to thieving and robbing, 95, 96
Many Thieves taken off by the War, but many remain behind on account of ruptures and other disabilities, which, however, do not prevent their committing Crimes, 99, 100
The means used by them to accomplish their purposes, 100, 105, 291
Tokens, Provincial Coins, respecting which Regulations are proposed, 198
Transportation, when first introduced as a Punishment, 454
Offences punishable in this way detailed, 440
Expence of the Transportation of Convicts to New South Wales, and their Confinement in the Hulks, 460, 469
Travelling Police, A plan of hinted at, 109, n.
Treason, The Laws relative to it explained, viz:
Of High Treason, 38, 39, 40
The great inaccuracy of the Act of Edward III. in blending together Crimes disproportionate in their nature, 39
The Laws of China relative to High Treason, 40
Petty Treason, how punished, 41
Twenty Thousand rise every morning in the Metropolis, without knowing how they are to be subsisted through the day, 313, n.
Tyburn Ticket, A premium given for apprehending and prosecuting Burglars, House-Breakers and Horse-stealers, explained, 391, n.

U.

Useful Cautions, to Tradesmen and others against the devices of Cheats and Swindlers, and to prevent frauds and Impositions, 124, 131

V.

Vagrants and Vagrancy. A specification of what constitutes this Offence:
—— Idle and disorderly persons, how punished, 442, &c.
—— Rogues and Vagabonds, 443
—— Incorrigible Rogues, ib.
Vessels, trading to the River Thames, nearly 13,500 in the course of a year, 215-217
Volunteers, See Loyal Military Associations.

W.

War, The means of employing Criminals, 99, 100
—— Civil Wars seldom waged from considerations of Virtue or the security of Liberty, 37
Watch-houses in the Metropolis, 414, n.
Watching the Metropolis, the Laws relating thereto, 411, 412
Watchmen and Patroles to be placed under the control of the Police, 106, 107
—— Their miserable Establishment from 8½d. to 2s. a night, 107
—— How appointed and paid, 411, 412, 411, n.
—— Their general unfitness, 412, 413
—— The abuses which arise from this source, ib.
—— The number in the Metropolis, 414
—— Rewards proposed to excite vigilance, 415, 416
Watchmakers to be registered, 108
Water and Waterworks, 595
Watermen on the Thames, Act 34 Geo. III. regulating their Fares, &c., 596
West India Produce pilfered in a year, 240, 241, n.
Westminster, The Acts of Parliament relative to its Police, 411, n., 412, n.
Women and Children of late years regularly frequent the Tap rooms of Public Houses a proof of the Corruption of Morals, 310-314
Writs. An extraordinary Statement of the astonishing expence of small Law-suits, exemplified by an authentic Table of the number of Writs issued in Middlesex in the course of a year, 587
The Subject further explained, 585, 588

FINIS.

[Printed by H. Baldwin and Son, New Bridge-street, London.]

---