The Army of the Potomac was organized in October, 1861. There was a reorganization in April, 1862, and again in August of that year. The organization of that portion of the army which fought the battle of the Peninsula is annexed; also those troops which fought the great battle of Antietam. By means of this table and the accompanying diagrams the reader will be able to ascertain in most instances the positions of the several regiments,—not their exact locality, for regiments in battle are often detached to other parts of the field, as reserves, pickets, skirmishers, or guards.
The troops which took part in the battles of the Peninsula were the Second Corps (Sumner's), Third Corps (Heintzelman's), Fourth Corps (Keyes's), and Franklin's and McCall's divisions of the First Corps (McDowell's). McCall joined the army when it was on the Chickahominy. Shields's division of the Fifth Corps (Banks's) was sent to the Peninsula after the retreat to Harrison's Landing. It took no part in active operations there.
In the reorganization after the battle of Groveton and the retreat of Pope's army to Washington, the army was composed of six corps, as described p. 175. Many of the troops which had fought on the Peninsula were left at Alexandria, and other troops—Burnside's, from North Carolina; Sherman's, from Port Royal; Cox's from Western Virginia; new troops which had been but a few days in the service, and regiments from Wadsworth's command at Washington—were put in to fill their places.
It has not been possible to obtain a complete and correct list of all the regiments engaged in that battle. Some regiments, after the battle of South Mountain, were detached from their brigades, and sent on special service; others were kept in the rear, to guard the trains; others were sent on flank movements. But much care has been taken in the description of that battle to give the exact position of the divisions engaged, and also the brigades, so that it will be comparatively easy to ascertain the general position of most of the regiments.
ORGANIZATION OF THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, APRIL, 1862.
CAVALRY RESERVE. BRIG.-GEN. P. ST. G. COOK.
| Emory's Brigade. 5th U. S. Cavalry.
6th""
6th Penn." | Blake's Brigade. 1st U. S. Cavalry.
8th Penn."
Barker's Squadron, Ill. Cavalry. |
ARTILLERY RESERVE. COL. HENRY J. HUNT.
| Graham's | Battery | "K" & "G" | 1st | U. S. | 6 Napoleon | guns. |
| Randall's | " | "E" | 1st | " | 6" | " |
|
| Carlisle's | Battery | "E" | 2d | U. S. | 6 20-pds. Parrott | guns. |
| Robertson's | " | | 2d | " | 6 3-in. ordnance | " |
| Benson's | " | "M" | 2d | " | 6"" | " |
| Tidball's | " | "A" | 2d | " | 6"" | " |
| Edwards's | " | "L" & "M" | 3d | " | 6 10-pds. Parrott | " |
| Gibson's | " | "C" & "G" | 3d | " | 6 3-in. ordnance | " |
| Livingston's | " | "F" & "K" | 3d | " | 4 10-pds. Parrott | " |
| Howe's | " | "G" | 4th | " | 6 Napoleon | " |
| De Russy's | " | "K" | 4th | " | 6" | " |
| Weed's | " | "I" | 5th | " | 6 3-in. ordnance | " |
| Smead's | " | "K" | 5th | " | 4 Napoleon | " |
| Ames's | " | "A" | 5th | " | 4 | { | 4 10-pds. Parr. 2 Napoleon | } | " |
| Diederick's | " | "A" N. Y. | Art. | Batt'n | 6 20-pds. Parrott | " |
| Voegelie's | " | "B"" | " | " | 4"" | " |
| Knieriem's | " | "C"" | " | " | 4"" | " |
| Grimm's | " | "D"" | " | " | 6 32-pds. Howitzers. |
| | | | | 100 | guns. |
VOLUNTEER ENGINEER TROOPS. GEN. WOODBURY.
15th New York Volunteers.
50th"""
REGULAR ENGINEER TROOPS. CAPT. DUANE.
Companies "A," "B," and "C," U. S. Engineers.
ARTILLERY TROOPS WITH SIEGE TRAIN.
1st Connecticut Heavy Artillery. Col. Tyler.
SECOND CORPS. GEN. SUMNER.
Cavalry.
8th Illinois Cavalry. Col. Farnsworth.
One Squadron 6th New York Cavalry.
RICHARDSON'S DIVISION.
Artillery.
| Clark's | Battery | "A" & "C" | 4th | U. S. | 6 Napoleon guns. | |
| Frank's | " | "G" | 1st | N. Y. | 6 10-pds. Parrott | guns. |
| Pettit's | " | "B" | 1st | " | 6"" | " |
| Hogan's | " | "A" | 2d | " | 6"" | " |
Infantry.
| Howard's Brigade. 5th N. H. Vols.
81st Penn."
61st N. Y."
64th"" | Meagher's Brigade. 69th N. Y. Vols.
63d""
88th"" | French's Brigade. 52d N. Y. Vols.
57th""
66th""
53d Penn." |
SEDGWICK'S DIVISION.
Artillery.
| Kirby's | Battery | "I" | 1st | U. S. | 6 Napoleon guns. | |
| Tompkin's | " | "A" | 1st | R. I. | 6 | { | 4 10-pds. Parrott 2 12-pds. Howitzers | } | guns. |
| Bartlett's | " | "B" | 1st | " | 6 | { | 4 10-pds. Parrott 2 12-pds. Howitzers | } | " |
| Owen's | " | "G" | —— | | 6 3-in. ordnance guns. | |
Infantry.
| Gorman's Brigade. 2d N. Y. S. M.
15th Mass. Vols.
34th N. Y."
1st Minn." | Burns's Brigade. 69th Penn. Vols.
71st""
72d""
106th"" | Dana's Brigade. 19th Mass. Vols.
7th Mich."
42d N. Y."
20th Mass." |
Note.—Blenker's division detached and assigned to the Mountain Department.
THIRD CORPS. GEN. HEINTZELMAN.
Cavalry.
3d Pennsylvania Cavalry. Col. Averill.
PORTER'S DIVISION.
Artillery.
| Griffin's | Battery | "K" | 5th | U. S. | 6 10-pds. Parrott guns. |
| Weeden's | " | "C" | 5th | R. I. | ———— |
| Martin's | " | "C" | 5th | Mass. | 6 Napoleon guns. |
| Allen's | " | "E" | 5th | " | 6 3-in. ordnance guns. |
Infantry.
| Martindale's Brigade. 2d Maine Vols.
18th Mass."
22d""
25th N. Y."
13th""
1st Berdan Sharpshooters. | Morell's Brigade. 14th N. Y. Vols.
4th Mich."
9th Mass."
62d Penn." | Butterfield's Brigade. 17th N. Y. Vols.
83d Penn."
44th N. Y."
Stockton's Michigan.
12th N. Y. Vols. |
HOOKER'S DIVISION.
Artillery.
| Hall's | Battery | "H" | 1st | U. S. | 6 | { | 4 10-pds Parrott 2 12-pds. Howitzers | } | guns. |
| Smith's | " | 4th | N. Y. | Battery | 6 10-pds. Parrott | " |
| Bramhall's | " | 6th | " | " | 6 3-in. ordnance | " |
| Osborn's | " | "D" | 1st | N. Y. Arty. | 4"" | " |
Infantry.
| Sickles's Brigade. 1st Excelsior (N. Y.)
2d""
3d""
4th""
5th"" | Grover's Brigade. 1st Mass. Vols.
11th""
26th Penn."
2d N. H." | Col. Starr's Brigade. 5th N. J. Vols.
6th""
7th""
8th"" |
KEARNY'S DIVISION.
Artillery.
| Thompson's | Battery | "G" | 2d | U. S. | 6 Napoleon guns. | |
| Beam's | " | "B" | | N. J. | 6 | { | 4 10-pds Parrott 2 Napoleon | } | guns. |
| Randolph's | Battery | "E" | | R. I. | 6 | { | 4 10-pds Parrott 2 Napoleon | } | guns. |
Infantry.
| Jameson's Brigade. 105th Penn. Vols.
63d""
57th""
87th N. Y." | Birney's Brigade. 38th N. Y. Vols.
40th""
3d Maine"
4th"" | Berry's Brigade. 2d Mich. Vols.
3d""
5th""
37th N. Y." |
FOURTH CORPS. GEN. KEYES.
Cavalry.
COUCH'S DIVISION
Artillery.
| McCarthy's | Battery | "C" | 1st | Penn. | 4 10-pds. Parrott | guns |
| Flood's | " | "D" | 1st | " | 6"" | " |
| Miller's | " | "E" | 1st | " | 4 Napoleon | " |
| Brady's | " | "F" | 1st | " | 4 10-pds. Parrott | " |
Infantry.
| Graham's85 Brigade. 67th N. Y. Vols. (1st L. I.)
65th""(1st U. S. Chas.)
23d Penn."
31st""
61st"" | Peck's Brigade. 98th Penn. Vols.
102d""
93d""
62d N. Y."
55th"" | Devens's Brig. 2d R. I. Vols.
7th Mass."
10th""
36th N. Y." |
SMITH'S DIVISION.
Artillery.
| Ayre's | Battery | "F" | 5th | U. S. | 6 | { | 4 10-pds. Parrott 2 Napoleon | } | guns. |
| Mott's | " | 3d | N. Y. | Battery | 6 | { | 4 10-pds. Parrott 2 Napoleon | } | " |
| Wheeler's | " | "E" | 1st | N. Y. | 4 3-in. ordnance | " |
| Kennedy's | " | 1st | N. Y. | Battery | 6"" | " |
Infantry.
| Hancock's Brigade. 5th Wis. Vols.
49th Penn."
43d N. Y."
6th Maine" | Brooks's Brigade. 2d Vermont Vols.
3d""
4th""
5th""
6th"" | Davidson's Brigade. 33d N. Y. Vols.
77th""
49th""
7th Maine" |
CASEY'S DIVISION.
Artillery.
| Regan's | Battery | 7th | N. Y. | Battery | 6 3-in. ordnance | guns |
| Fitch's | " | 8th | " | " | 6"" | " |
| Bates's | " | "A" | 1st | N. Y. Art'y | 6 Napoleon | " |
| Spratt's | " | "H" | 1st | "" | 4 3-in. ordnance | " |
Infantry.
| Wessel's Brigade. 85th Penn. Vols.
101st""
103d""
96th N. Y." | Palmer's Brigade. 85th N. Y. Vols.
98th""
98th""
92d""
81st""
93d"" | Naglee's Brigade. 104th Penn. Vols.
52d""
56th N. Y."
100th""
11th Maine" |
PROVOST GUARD.
2nd U. S. Cavalry.
Battalion 8th and 17th U. S. Infantry.
AT GENERAL HEAD-QUARTERS.
Infantry.
2 Cos. 4th U. S. Cavalry.
1 Co. Oneida Cav. (N. Y. Vols.)
1 Co. Sturgis Rifles (Ill. Vols.)
FIRST CORPS. GEN. McDOWELL.
Cavalry.
1st New York Cavalry.
2d""
4th New York Cavalry.
1st Pennsylvania"
Sharpshooters.
2d Regiment Berdan's Sharpshooters.
FRANKLIN'S DIVISION.
Artillery.
| Platt's | Battery | "D" | 2d | U. S. | 6 Napoleon guns. | |
| Porter's | " | "A" | | Mass. | 6 | { | 4 10-pds. Parrott 12-pds Howitzers | } | guns. |
| Hexamer's | " | "A" | | N. J. | 6 | { | 4 10-pds. Parrott 12-pds Howitzers | } | " |
| Wilson's | " | "F" | 1st | N. Y. Art'y | 4 3-in. ordnance | " |
Infantry.
| Kearny's86 Brigade. 1st N. J. Vols.
2d""
3d""
4th"" | Slocum's Brigade. 16th N. Y. Vols.
27th""
5th Maine "
96th Penn. " | Newton's Brigade. 18th N. Y. Vols.
31st""
32d""
95th Penn." |
McCALL'S DIVISION.
Artillery.
| Seymour's | Battery | "C" | 5th | U. S. | 6 Napoleon guns. | |
| Eaton's | " | "A" | 1st | Penn. | 4"" | |
| Cooper's | " | "B" | 1st | " | 6 10-pds. Parrott guns. | |
| Kein's | " | "C" | 1st | " | 6 | { | 2 10-pds Parrott 4 12-pds Howitzers | } | guns. |
Infantry.
| Reynolds's Brigade. 1st Penn. Res. Reg't.
2d"""
5th"""
8th""" | Meade's Brigade. 3d Penn. Res. Reg't.
4th"""
7th"""
11th"""
1 Penn. Res. Rifles. | Ord's Brigade. 6th Penn. Res. Reg't.
9th"""
10th"""
12th""" |
KING'S DIVISION.
Artillery.
| Gibbon's | Battery | "B" | 4th | U. S. | 6 Napoleon | guns |
| Monroe's | " | "D" | 1st | R. I. | 6 10-pds. Parrott | " |
| Gerrish's | " | "A" | | N. H. | 6 Napoleon | " |
| Durrell's | " | | | Penn. | 6 10-pds Parrott | " |
Infantry.
| ——Brigade. 2d Wis. Vols.
6th""
7th""
19th Ind." | Patrick's Brigade. 20th N. Y. S. M.
21st"Vols.
23d""
25th"" | Augur's Brigade. 14th N. Y. S. M.
22d"Vols.
24th""
30th"" |
FIFTH CORPS, GEN. BANKS.
Cavalry.
1st Maine Cavalry.
1st Vermont"
5th New York Cavalry.
8th""
1st Michigan"
1st R. I."
Keyes's Battal'n Penn. Cavalry.
18 Cos. Maryland"
1 Squadron Virginia"
Unattached.
28th Penn. Vols.
4th Reg't Potom. Home Guards (Maryl. Vols.)
WILLIAMS'S DIVISION.
Artillery.
| Best's | Battery | "F" | 4th | U. S. | 6 Napoleon | guns |
| Hampton's | " | | | Maryland | 4 10-pds. Parrott | guns |
| Thompson's | " | | | " | 4"" | " |
| Mathew's | " | "F" | | Penn. | 6 3-in. ordnance | " |
| —— | " | "M" | 1st | N. Y. | 6 10-pds. Parrott | " |
| Knapp's | " | | | Penn. | 6"" | " |
| McMahon's | " | | | N. Y. | 6 3-in. ordnance | " |
Infantry.
| Abercrombie's Brigade. 12th Mass. Vols.
2d""
16th Ind."
1st Potom. Home Brig. (Md. Vols.)
1 Co. Zouav. d'Afrique (Penn. Vols.) | ——Brigade. 9th N. Y. S. M.
29th Penn. Vols.
27th Ind."
3d Wis." | ——Brig. 28th N. Y. V.
5th Conn."
46th Penn."
1st Md."
13th Mass." |
SHIELDS'S DIVISION.
Artillery.
| Clark's | Battery | "E" | 4th | U. S. | 6 10-pds. guns. | |
| Jenk's | " | "A" | 1st | Va. | 6 | { | 4 10-pds. Parrott 2 6-pds. | } | guns. |
| Davy's | " | "B" | 1st | " | 2 10-pds. Parrott | " |
| Huntington's | " | "A" | 1st | Ohio | 6 13-pds. James | " |
| Robinson's | " | "L" | 1st | " | 6 | { | 2 12-pds. Howitzers 4 6-pds. | } | " |
| 4th Ohio Infantry | " | | | | 1 6-pds. | " |
Infantry.
| Brigade. 14th Ind. Vols.
4th Ohio"
8th""
7th Va."
67th Ohio"
84th Penn." | Brigade. 5th Ohio Vols.
62d""
66th""
13th Ind."
39th Ill." | Brigade. 7th Ohio Vols.
29th""
7th""
1st Va."
11th Penn."
Andrew Sharpshooters |
GENERAL WADSWORTH'S COMMAND.
Cavalry.
| 1st New Jersey Cavalry. | At Alexandria. |
| 4th Pennsylvania" | East of the Capital. |
Artillery and Infantry.
Artillery.
| 10th New Jersey Vols. | Bladensburg Road. |
| 104th N. Y. Vols. | Kalorama Heights. |
| 1st Wis. Heavy Art'y. | Fort "Cass," Va. |
| 3 Batteries N. Y." | Forts "Ethan Allen" & "Marcy." |
| Depot of N. Y. Light Art'y. | Camp "Barry." |
| 2d D. C. Vols. | Washington City. |
| 26th Penn." | "G" St. Wharf. |
| 26th N. Y." | Fort "Lyon." |
| 95th"" | Camp "Thomas." |
| 94th"" | Alexandria. |
| 88th Penn."(Detachment) | " |
| 91st"" | Franklin Square Barracks. |
| 4th N. Y. Art'y | Forts "Carroll" & "Greble." |
| 112th Penn. Vols. | Fort "Saratoga." |
| 76th N. Y." | ""Massachusetts." |
| 59th"" | ""Pennsylvania." |
| 88th Penn."(Detachment) | ""Good Hope." |
| 99th"" | ""Mahan." |
| 2d N. Y. Light Art'y. | Forts "Ward," "Worth," and "Blenker." |
| 107th Penn. Vols. | Kendall Green. |
| 54th"" | "" |
| Dickerson's Light Art'y | East of the Capital. |
| 86th N. Y. Vols. | """ |
| 88th Penn."(Detachment) | """ |
| 14th Mass."(Heavy Art'y) 56th Penn." | } | { | Forts "Albany," "Tellinghast," "Richardson," "Runyon," "Jackson," "Barnard," "Craig," "Scott." |
| 4th U. S. Art'y (Detachment) 37th N. Y. Vols. (Detachment) | } | { | Fort "Washington." "" |
| 97th"" | Fort "Corcoran." |
| 101st"" | |
| 12th Va." | |
| 91st N. Y." | |
IN CAMP NEAR WASHINGTON.
6th New York Cavalry. Dismounted.
10th"""
Swain's"""
2nd Pennsylvania""
GENERAL DIX'S COMMAND. (BALTIMORE.)
Cavalry.
1st Maryland Cavalry.
Detachment of Cav. Purnell Legion.
Artillery.
| Battery | "I" | 2d | U. S. Artillery. |
| " | —— | Maryland" |
| " | "L" | 1st | New York Artillery. |
| 2 Independent Batteries Pennsylvania Artillery. |
Infantry.
| 3d | New York | Volunteers | | | |
| 4th | " | " | | | |
| 11th | Pennsylvania | " | | | |
| 87th | " | " | | | |
| 111th | " | " | | | |
| 21st | Massachusetts | " | (Detachment.) | | |
| 2d | Delaware | " | | | |
| 2d | Maryland | " | | | |
| 1st | Eastern | Shore | Home | Guards | (Maryland | Volunteers). |
| 2d | " | " | " | " | " | " |
| Purnell Legion. | | | " | " |
| 2 Battalions. |
THE END.
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