SPECIES NATIVE TO THE OLD WORLD. |
Cultivated for the Subterranean Parts. |
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Name and duration. | Date. | Origin. |
Radish—Raphanus sativus (1). | B. | Temperate Asia.2177 |
Horse-Radish—Cochlearia Armoracia, perennial. | C. | Eastern temperate Europe. |
Turnip—Brassica Rapa (2). | A. | Europe, western Siberia (?). |
Rape—Brassica Napus (2). | A. | Europe, western Siberia (?). |
Carrot—Daucus Carota (2). | B. | Europe, western temperate Asia (?). |
Parsnip—Pastinaca sativa (2). | C. | Central and southern Europe. |
Tuberous Chervil—ChÆrophyllum bulbosum (2). | C. | Central Europe, Caucasus. |
Skirret—Sium Sisarum, perennial. | C. | Altaic Siberia, northern Persia. |
Madder—Rubia tinctorum, perennial. | B. | WesterntemperateAsia,south-eastofEurope. |
Salsify—Tragopogon porrifolium (2). | C.(?) | South-east of Europe, Algeria. |
Scorzonera—Scorzonera hispanica. | C. | South-west of Europe, south of the Caucasus. |
Rampion—Campanula Rapunculus (2). | C. | Temperate and southern Europe. |
Beet—Beta vulg. (2), perennial. | ". | Vegetable. | B. | Canaries, Mediterranean basin, western temperate Asia. |
Root. | B. | A result of cultivation. |
Onion—Allium Cepa (2). | B. | Desert of the Kirghis, in western temperate Asia. |
Garlic—Allium sativum, perennial. | A. | Persia, Afghanistan, Beluchistan, Palestine (?). |
Welsh Onion—Allium fistulosum, perennial. | C. | Siberia (from the land of the Kirghis to Baikal). |
Shallot—Allium ascalonicum, perennial. | C. | Modification of A. cepa (?), unknown wild. |
Rocambole—Allium Scorodopra sum, perennial. | C. | Temperate Europe. |
Chives—Allium SchÆnoprasum, perennial. | C. | Temperate and northern Europe, Siberia, Khamschatka, North America (Lake Huron). |
Taro—Colocasia antiquorum, perennial. | B. | India, Malay Archipelago, Polynesia. |
ApÉ—Alocasia macrorrhiza, perennial. | (?) | Ceylon, Malay Archipelago, Polynesia. |
Konjak—Amorphophallus Konjak, perennial. | (?) | Japan (?). |
Ya— | " | Dioscoreasativa,per. | B.(?) | Southern Asia [especially Malabar (?), Ceylon (?), [Java (?)]. |
DioscoreaBatatas,perennial. | B.(?) | China (?). |
Dioscoreajaponica,perennial. | (?) | Japan (?). |
Dioscoreaalata,perennial. | (?) | East of the Asiatic Archipelago. |
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Cultivated for the Stems or Leaves. |
1. Vegetables. |
Cabbage—Brassica oleracea (1), (2), small shrub. | A. | Europe. |
Chinese Cabbage—Brassica chinensis (2). | (?) | China (?), Japan (?). |
Water-Cress—Nasturtium officinale, perennial. | (?) | Europe, northern Asia. |
Garden-Cress—Lepidium sativum (1). | B. | Persia (?). |
Sea Kale—Crambe maritima, perennial. | C. | Western temperate Europe. |
Purslane—Portulaca oleracea (1). | A. | From the western Himalayas to southern Russia and Greece. |
New Zealand Spinach—Tetragonia expansa (1). | C. | New Zealand and New Holland. |
Garden Celery—Apium graveolens (2). | B. | Temperate and southern Europe, northern Africa, western Asia. |
Chervil—Anthriscus cerefolium (1). | C. | South-east of Russia, western temperate Asia. |
Parsley—Petroselinum sativum (2). | C. | Southern Europe, Algeria, Lebanon. |
Alexanders—Smyrnium Olus-atrum (2). | C. | Southern Europe, Algeria, western temperate Asia. |
Corn Salad—Valerianella olitoria (1). | C. | Sardinia, Sicily. |
Artichoke—Cynara Cardunculus. (2),perennial. | " | Cardoon. | C. | Southern Europe, northern Africa, Canaries, Madeira. |
Artichoke. | C. | Derived from the cardoon. |
Lettuce—Latuca Scariola (1), (2). | B. | Southern Europe, northern Africa, western Asia. |
l05">Mantschuria, central Siberia. Tartary Buckwheat—Fagopyrum tartaricum (1). | C. | Tartary, Siberia to Dahuria. |
Notch-seeded Buckwheat—Fagopyrum emarginatum (1). | (?) | Western China, eastern Himalayas. |
Kiery—Amarantus frumentaceus (1). | (?) | India. |
Chestnut—Castanea vulgaris, small shrub. | (?) | From Portugal to the Caspian Sea, eastern Algeria. Varieties: Japan, North America. |
Wheat—Triticum vulgare and varieties (?), (1). | A. | Region of the Euphrates. |
Spelt—Triticum spelta (1). | A. | Derived from the preceding (?). |
One-grained Wheat—Triticum monococcum (1). | (?) | Servia, Greece, Anatolia (if the identity with the Triticum boeoticum be admitted). |
Two-rowed Barley—Hordeum distichon (1). | A. | Western temperate Asia. |
Common Barley—Hordeum vulgare (1). | (?) | Derived from the preceding (?). |
Six-rowed Barley—Hordeum hexastichon (1). | A. | Derived from the preceding (?). |
Rye—Secale cereale (1). | B. | Eastern temperate Europe (?). |
Common Oats—Avena sativa (1). | B. | Eastern temperate Europe (?). |
Eastern Oats—Avena orientalis (1). | C. (?) | Western Asia (?). |
Common Millet—Panicum miliaceum (1). | A. | Egypt, Arabia. |
Italian Millet—Panicum italicum (1). | A. | China, Japan, Indian Archipelago (?). |
Sorghum—Holcus sorghum (1). | A. | Tropical Africa (?). |
Sweet Sorghum—Holcus saccharatus (1). | (?) | Tropical Africa (?). |
Coracan—Eleusine coracana (1). | B. | India. |
Rice—Oryza sativa (1). | A. | India, southern China (?). |
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2. Various Uses. |
Poppy—Papaver somniferum (1). | B. | Derived from _P. setiferum_ of the Mediterranean basin. |
White Mustard—Sinapis alba (1). | B. | Temperate and southern Europe, north of Africa, western temperate Asia. |
Black Mustard—Sinapis nigra (1). | B. |
Gold of Pleasure—Camelina sativa (1). | B. (?) | Temperate Europe, Caucasus, Siberia. |
Herbaceous Cotton—Gossypium herbaceum, small shrub (1). | B. | India. |
Tree Cotton—Gossypium arboreum, small shrub. | B. (?) | Upper Egypt. |
Arabian Coffee—Coffea arabica, small tree. | C. | Tropical Africa, Mozambique, Abyssinia, Guinea. |
Liberian Coffee—Coffea liberica, tree. | C. | Guinea, Angola. |
Sesame—Sesamum indicum (1). | A. | Sunda Isles. |
Nutmeg—Myristica fragrans, small tree. | B. | Moluccas. |
Castor-Oil Plant—Ricinus communis, small shrub. | A. | Abyssinia, Sennaar, Kordofan. |
Walnut—Juglans regia, small shrub. | (?) | Eastern temperate Europe, temperate Asia. |
Black Pepper—Piper nigrum, small shrub. | B. | India. |
Long Pepper—Piper longum, small shrub. | B. | India. |
Medicinal Pepper—Piper officinalis, small shrub. | B. | Malay Archipelago. |
Betel Pepper—Piper Betle, small shrub. | B. | Malay Archipelago. |
Areca Nut—Areca Catechu, small tree. | B. | Malay Archipelago. |
Cocoa Nut—Cocos nucifera, tree. | (?) | Malay Archipelago (?), Polynesia (?). |
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SPECIES OF AMERICAN ORIGIN. |
Cultivated for the Underground Parts. |
Arracacha—Arracacha esculenta, perennial (1). | E. | New Granada (?). |
Jerusalem Artichoke—Helianthus tuberosus, perennial. | E. (?) | North America (Indiana). |
Potato—Solanum tuberosum, perennial. | E. | Chili, Peru (?). |
Sweet Potato—Convolvulus batatas, perennial. | D. | Tropical America (where ?). |
Manioc—Manihot utilissima, small shrub. | E. | East of tropical Brazil. |
Arrowroot—Maranta arundinacea, perennial. | (?) | Tropical (continental?) America. |
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Cultivated for the Stems or Leaves. |
MatÉ—Ilex paraguariensis, small tree. | D. | Paraguay and western Brazil. |
Coca—Erythroxylon Coca, small tree. | Common Haricot—Phaseolus vulgaris (1). Musk Gourd—Cucurbita moschata (1). Fig-leaved Gourd—Cucurbita ficifolia, perennial.
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