CHAPTER I |
THE CAUSES OF THE EXPEDITION |
PAGES |
A retrospect—Early visitors to Lhasa—The Jesuits—The Capuchins—Van der Putte—Thomas Manning—The Lazarist fathers—Policy of exclusion due to Chinese influence—The Nepalese invasion—Bogle and Turner—The Macaulay Mission—Tibetans invade Indian territory—The expedition of 1888—The convention with China—British blundering—Our treatment of the Shata ShapÉ—The Yatung trade mart—Tibetans repudiate the convention—Fiction of the Chinese suzerainty—A policy of drift—Tibetan Mission to the Czar—Dorjieff and his intrigues—The Dalai Lama and Russian designs—Our great countermove—Boycotted at Khamba Jong—The advance sanctioned—Winter quarters at Tuna | 1-21 |
CHAPTER II |
OVER THE FRONTIER |
From the base to Gnatong—A race to Chumbi—A perilous night ride—Forest scenery—Gnatong three years ago and now—Gnatong in action—A mountain lake—The Jelap la and beyond—Undefended barriers—Yatung and its Customs House—Chumbi—The first Press message from Tibet—Arctic clothing—Scenes in camp—A very uncomfortable 'picnic' | 22-34 |
CHAPTER III |
THE CHUMBI VALLEY |
The Tomos—A hardy race—Their habits and diversions—Chinamen in exile—A prosperous valley—But a cheerless clime—Kasi and his statistics—Trade figures—Tibetan cruelties—Kasi as general provider—Mountain scenery—The spirit of the Himalayas—A glorious flora—The Himalayas and the Alps—The wall of Gob-sorg—Chinamen and Tomos—A future hill-station—Lingmathang—A cosy cave—The Mounted Infantry Corps—Two famous regiments—Sport at Lingmathang—The Sikkim stag—Gamebirds and wildfowl—Gautsa camp | 35-61 |
CHAPTER IV |
PHARI JONG |
Gautsa to Phari Jong—A wonderful old fortress—Tibetan dirt—A medical armoury—The Lamas' library—Roadmaking and sport—The Tibetan gazelle and other animals—Evening diversions—Cold, grime, and misery—Manning's journal—Bogle's account of Phari—History of the fortress—The town and its occupants—The mystery of Tibet—The significance of the frescoes—Departure from Phari—The monastery of the Red Lamas—Chumulari—The Tibetan New Year—Bogle's narrative—The Tang la and the road to Lhasa | 62-82 |
CHAPTER V |
THE ROAD AND TRANSPORT |
A transport 'show'—Difficulties of the way—Vicissitudes of climate—Frozen heights and sweltering valleys—Disease amongst transport animals—A tale of disaster—The stricken Yak Corps—Troubles of the transport officer—Mules to the rescue—The coolie transport corps—Carrying power of the transport items—The problem and its solution—The ekka and the yak—A providentially ascetic beast—Splendid work of the transport service—Courage and endurance of officers and men—The 12th Mule Corps benighted in a blizzard—Rifle-bolts and Maxims frost-jammed—Difficulties of a Russian advance on Lhasa—The new Ammo Chu cart-road | 83-98 |
CHAPTER VI |
THE ACTION AT THE HOT SPRINGS |
The deadlock at Tuna—Discomforts of the garrison—The Lamas' curse—The attitude of Bhutan—A diplomatic triumph—Tedious delays—A welcome move forward—The Tibetan camp at Hot Springs—The Lhasa Depon meets Colonel Younghusband—Futile conferences—The Tibetan position surrounded—Coolness of the Sikhs and Gurkhas—The disarming—A sudden outbreak—A desperate struggle—The action of the Lhasa General—The rabble disillusioned in their gods—A beaten and bewildered enemy—Reflections after the event—Tibetans in hospital—Three months afterwards | 99-114 |
CHAPTER VII |
A HUMAN MISCELLANY |
In a doolie to the base—Tibetan bearers—A retrospect—A reverie and a reminiscence—Snow-bound at Phari—The Bhutia as bearer—The Lepchas and their humours—Mongolian odours—The road at last—Platitudes in epigram—Lucknow doolie-wallahs—Their hymn of the obvious—Meetings on the road—A motley of races—Through a tropical forest—The Tista and civilization | 115-126 |
CHAPTER VIII |
THE ADVANCE OF THE MISSION OPPOSED |
The Tibetans responsible for hostilities—Their version of the Hot Springs affair—Treacherous attack at Samando—Wall-building—The Red Idol Gorge action—A stiff climb—The enemy outflanked—Impressed peasants—First phase of the opposition—Bad generalship—Lack of enterprise—Erratic shooting—All quiet at Gyantse—Enemy occupy Karo la—A booby trap—Colonel Brander's sortie—Frontal attack repulsed—Captain Bethune killed—Failure of flanking movement—A critical moment—Sikhs turn the position—Flight and pursuit—Second phase of the opposition—Advanced tactics—Danger of being cut off—The attack on Kangma—Desperate gallantry of the enemy—Patriots or fanatics? | 127-151 |
CHAPTER IX |
GYANTSE (BY HENRY NEWMAN) |
A happy valley—Devastated by war—Why the Jong was evacuated—The lull before the storm—Tibetans massing—The attack on the mission—A hot ten minutes—Pyjamaed warriors—Wounded to the rescue—The Gurkhas' rally—The camp bombarded—The labour of defence work—Hadow's Maxim—Life during the siege—Tibetans reinforced—They enfilade our position—The taking of the 'Gurkha Post'—Terrible carnage | 152-169 |
CHAPTER X |
GYANTSE—continued |
Attack on the postal riders—Brilliant exploit of the Mounted In
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