Great inventions are a never-failing source of interest to all of us, and particularly to the boy in his teens. The dynamo, the electric motor, the telegraph, with and without wires, the telephone, air-ships, and many other inventions excite in him an interest which is deeper than mere curiosity. He wants to know how these things work, and how they were invented. The man is so absorbed in the present that he cares little for the past. Not so with the boy. He cares for the history of inventions, and in this he is wiser than the man, for it is only by a study of its origin and growth that we can understand the larger significance of a great invention.

Great inventions have their origin in great discoveries. The story of great inventions, therefore, includes the story of the discoveries out of which they have arisen. The stories of the discoveries and the inventions are inseparable from the lives of the men who made them, and so we must deal with biography, which in itself is of interest to the boy. Such a story is the story of physical science in the service of humanity.

The interest of the youth in great inventions is unquestioned. Shall we stifle this interest by overemphasis of technical detail, or shall we minister to it as a thing vital in the life of the youth of to-day?

A few sentences quoted from G. Stanley Hall will indicate the author's point of view. "The youth is in the humanist stage. Nature is sentiment before it becomes idea or formula or utility." "The heroes and history epochs of each branch [of science] add another needed quality to the still so largely humanistic stage." "A new discovery, besides its technical record, involves the added duty of concise and lucid popular statement as a tribute to youth." The need of a "concise and lucid popular statement" of the rise of the great inventions which form the material basis of our modern civilization and all of which are new to the young mind, has no doubt been keenly felt by others as it has been by the author. The story of our great inventions has been told in sundry volumes for adult readers, but nowhere has this story, alive with human interest, been told in a form suited to the young. It was the realization of this need growing out of years of experience in teaching these branches that led the author to attempt the task of writing the story.

The purpose of this book is to tell in simple language how our great inventions came into being, to depict the life-struggles of the men who made them, and, in the telling of the story, to explain the working of the inventions in a way the boy can understand. The stories which are here woven together present the great epochs in the history of physics, and are intended to give to the young reader a connected view of the way in which our great inventions have arisen out of scientific discovery on the one hand, and conditions which we may call social and economic on the other hand. If the book shall appeal to young readers, and lead them to an appreciation of the meaning of a great invention, the author will feel that his purpose has been achieved.

The author is deeply indebted to Dr. Charles A. McMurry and Prof. Newell D. Gilbert, of the Northern Illinois State Normal School; Profs. C. R. Mann and R. A. Millikan, of the University of Chicago; and Prof. John F. Woodhull, of Columbia University, for reading the manuscript and offering valuable suggestions. Acknowledgment is further made here of valuable aid in collecting material for illustrations and letter-press. Such acknowledgment is due to Prof. A. Gray, University of Glasgow; Prof. Antonio Favaro, Royal University of Padua; Prof. A. Zammarchi, Brescia, Italy; Mr. Nikola Tesla; the Royal Institution, London; McClure's Magazine; The Technical World Magazine; The Scientific American; the Ellsworth Company; Commonwealth-Edison Company; Association of Edison Illuminating Companies; Electric Controller and Supply Company; Kelley-Koett Manufacturing Company; Watson-Stillman Company; Gould Storage Battery Company; Thordarson Electric Company; the Westinghouse Machine Company; Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company of America, and the Siemens-Schuckert Werke, Berlin.

The drawings illustrating Faraday's experiments are from exact reproductions of Faraday's apparatus, made by Mr. Joseph G. Branch, author of Conversations on Electricity, and are reproduced by his kind permission.

E. E. B.

Chicago, June, 1910.

THE STORY OF GREAT INVENTIONS