Thomas Bulfinch

A

Ab-dal-rah´man, founder of the independent Ommiad (Saracenic) power in Spain, conquered at Tours by Charles Martel, 648, 649.

Ab´er-fraw, scene of nuptials of Branwen and Matholch, 590.

Ab-syr´tus, younger brother of Medea, 137.

A-by´dos, a town on the Hellespont, nearly opposite to Sestos, 105.

Ab´y-la, Mount, or Columna, a mountain in Morocco, near Ceuta, now called Jebel Musa or Ape’s Hill, forming the Northwestern extremity of the African coast opposite Gibraltar (See Pillars of Hercules), 145.

A-ces´tes, son of a Trojan woman who was sent by her father to Sicily, that she might not be devoured by the monsters which infested the territory of Troy, 162, 164, 264;

city of, 283.

A-ce´tes, Bacchanal captured by Pentheus, 164.

A-cha´tes, faithful friend and companion of Æneas, 281.

Ach-e-lo´us, river-god of the largest river in Greece—his Horn of Plenty, 177-179, 380.

A-chil´les, the hero of the Iliad, son of Peleus and of the Nereid Thetis, slain by Paris, 95, 138, 173, 174, 208, 212, 213, 214, 216-228, 232, 233.

A´cis, youth loved by Galatea and slain by Polyphemus, 209-211.

A-con´ti-us, a beautiful youth, who fell in love with Cydippe, the daughter of a noble Athenian, 121.

A-cris´i-us, son of Abas, king of Argos, grandson of Lynceus, the great-grandson of DanaÜs, 116, 202.

Ac-tÆ´on, a celebrated huntsman, son of AristÆus and AutonoË, who, having seen Diana bathing, was changed by her to a stag and killed by his own dogs, 34, 36, 94.

Ad-me´ta, daughter of Eurystheus, covets Hippolyta’s girdle, 144.

Ad-me´tus, king of Thessaly, saved from death by Alcestis, 180, 181.

A-do´nis, a youth beloved by Aphrodite (Venus), and Proserpine; killed by a boar, 65-67.

A-dras´tus, a king of Argos, 182.

Æ´a-cus, son of Zeus (Jupiter) and Ægina, renowned in all Greece for his justice and piety, 95.

Æ-Æ´a, Circe’s island, visited by Ulysses, 241.

Æ-e´tes, or Æeta, son of Helios (the Sun) and Perseis, and father of Medea and Absyrtus, 130, 131, 132, 137.

Æ-ge´an Sea, 38, 73, 133.

Æ-ge´us, king of Athens, 136, 150, 151.

Æ-gi´na, a rocky island in the middle of the Saronic gulf, 95.

Æ´gis, shield or breastplate of Jupiter and Minerva, 5, 109, 116.

Æ-gis´thus, murderer of Agamemnon, slain by Orestes, 234.

Æ-ne´as, Trojan hero, son of Anchises and Aphrodite (Venus), and born on Mount Ida, reputed first settler of Rome, 61, 213, 221, 222, 223, 258-287, 379.

Æ-ne´id, poem by Virgil, relating the wanderings of Æneas from Troy to Italy, 307.

Æ´o-lus, son of Hellen and the nymph Orseis, represented in Homer as the happy ruler of the Æolian Islands, to whom Zeus had given dominion over the winds, 69, 75, 240, 261, 301.

Æs´cu-la´pi-us, god of the medical art, 127, 154, 174, 179, 180, 218, 298.

Æ´son, father of Jason, made young again by Medea, 130, 134-136.

Æ-thi-o´pi-ans, inhabitants of the country south of Egypt, 2, 118, 207, 208.

Æ´thra, mother of Theseus by Ægeus, 150, 151.

Æt´na, volcano in Sicily, 43, 52, 122, 180, 210.

Ag´a-me´des, brother of Trophonius, distinguished as an architect, 297, 298.

Ag´a-mem´non, son of Plisthenis and grandson of Atreus, king of MycenÆ; although the chief commander of the Greeks, is not the hero of the Iliad, and in chivalrous spirit altogether inferior to Achilles, 213, 216, 217, 219, 222, 233.

A-ga´ve, daughter of Cadmus, wife of Echion, and mother of Pentheus, 164.

A-ge´nor, father of Europa, Cadmus, Cilix, and Phoenix, 91, 223.

Ag-la´i-a, one of the Graces, 8.

Ag´ni, Hindu god of fire, 321.

Ag´ra-mant, a king in Africa, 693, 784, 785, 786.

Ag´ri-can, fabled king of Tartary, pursuing Angelica, finally killed by Orlando, 676-678, 679-683.

Ag´ri-vain, one of Arthur’s knights, 404, 414, 435, 507.

Ah´ri-man, the Evil Spirit in the dual system of Zoroaster, 318.

See Ormuzd.

A´jax, son of Telamon, king of Salamis, and grandson of Æacus; represented in the Iliad as second only to Achilles in bravery, 138, 213, 217, 219, 221, 228.

Al´ba, the river where King Arthur fought the Romans, 409.

Al´ba Lon´ga, city in Italy founded by son of Æneas, 287.

Al´ber-ich, dwarf guardian of Rhinegold treasure of the Nibelungs, 354, 355, 356.

Al-brac´ca, siege of, 672-683.

Al-ces´tis, wife of Admetus, offered herself as sacrifice to spare her husband, but rescued by Hercules, 180, 181.

Al-ci´des (Hercules), 148, 149.

Al-ci´na, enchantress, 723, 726, 731.

Al-cin´o-us, PhÆacian king, 248, 250, 252.

Al-cip´pe, daughter of Mars; carried off by Halirrhothius, 139.

Alc-me´na, wife of Jupiter, and mother of Hercules, 143.

Al´cu-in, English prelate and scholar, 654-655.

Al-dro-van´dus, dwarf guardian of treasure, 354, 355, 356.

A-lec´to, one of the Furies, 9, 277.

Al-ex-an´der the Great, king of Macedonia, conqueror of Greece, Egypt, Persia, Babylonia, and India, 48.

Al-fa´dur, a name for Odin, 331, 349.

Alf´heim, abode of the elves of light, 348.

Al´ice, mother of Huon and Girard, sons of Duke Sevinus, 826-827.

Al-phe´nor, son of Niobe, 113.

Al-phe´us, river-god pursuing Arethusa, who escaped by being changed to a fountain, 56, 57, 144.

Al-thÆ´a, mother of Meleager, whom she slew because he had in a quarrel killed her brothers, thus disgracing “the house of Thestius,” her father, 138-140.

Am-al-the´a, nurse of the infant Jupiter in Crete, 179.

A-ma´ta, wife of Latinus, driven mad by Alecto, 277.

Am´au-ry of Hauteville, false-hearted Knight of Charlemagne, 825-830.

Am´a-zons, mythical race of warlike women, 144-145, 153.

Am-bro´si-a, celestial food used by the gods, 3.

Am´mon, Egyptian god of life, identified by Romans with phases of Jupiter, the father of gods, 123.

Am-phi-a-ra´us, a great prophet and hero at Argos, 182.

Am-phi´on, a musician, son of Jupiter and Antiope (See Dirce), 113, 192-193.

Am-phi-tri´te, wife of Neptune, 172, 173.

Am-phyr´sos, a small river in Thessaly, 180.

Am´pyx, assailant of Perseus, turned to stone by seeing Gorgon’s head, 121.

Am-ri´ta, nectar giving immortality, 321.

A´mun, 292.

See Ammon.

Am´y-mo´ne, one of the fifty daughters of DanaÜs, and mother by Poseidon (Neptune) of Nauplius, the father of Palamedes, 144.

An´ax-ar´e-te, a maiden of Cyprus, who treated her lover Iphis with such haughtiness that he hanged himself at her door, 78, 79.

An-bess´a, Saracenic governor of Spain (725 a.d.), 648.

An-ce´us, one of the Argonauts, 137.

An-chi´ses, beloved by Aphrodite (Venus), by whom he became the father of Æneas, 258, 259, 265, 271, 272.

An-drÆ´mon, husband of Dryope; saw her changed into a tree, 64, 65.

An´dret, a cowardly knight, spy upon Tristram, 456.

An-drom´a-che, wife of Hector, 213, 225, 260.

An-drom´e-da, daughter of King Cephas, delivered from monster by Perseus, 118-120.

An´eur-in, Welsh bard, 531.

An-gel´i-ca, Princess of Cathay, 665-672, 678-686, 693, 704-710, 732, 751.

A-nem´o-ne, short-lived wind-flower, created by Venus from the blood of the slain Adonis, 67.

An-ger´bo-de, giant prophetess, mother of Fenris, Hela, and the Midgard Serpent, 344.

An´gle-sey, a Northern British island, refuge of Druids fleeing from Romans, 362.

An-tÆ´us, giant wrestler of Libya, killed by Hercules, who, finding him stronger when thrown to the earth, lifted him into the air and strangled him, 122, 146.

An-te´a, wife of jealous Proetus, 125.

An-te´nor, descendants of, in Italy, 381.

An´te-ros, deity avenging unrequited love, brother of Eros (Cupid), 7.

An´thor, a Greek, 285.

An-tig´o-ne, daughter of Ædipus, Greek ideal of filial and sisterly fidelity, 181-184.

An-til´o-chus, son of Nestor, 207, 221.

An-ti´o-pe, Amazonian queen, 153, 192, 194.

See Dirce.

A-nu´bis, Egyptian god, conductor of the dead to judgment, 293, 294.

Ap´en-nines, 43.

Aph-ro-di´te. See Venus, Dione, etc.

A´pis, Egyptian bull-god of Memphis, 295, 299.

A-pol´lo, god of music and song, 3, 5, 8, 13, 19, 20-23, 38, 47, 67-68, 104, 112, 113, 123, 127, 173, 174, 179, 180, 185, 196, 199, 206, 216, 218, 220, 222, 223, 224, 225, 228, 232, 252, 259, 274, 301.

A-pol´lo Bel-ve-dere´, famous antique statue in Vatican at Rome, 306.

A-pol´lo, Oracle of, 69, 81, 92, 259, 297.

A-pol´lo, temple to, 157, 228, 314.

Apples of the Hesperides, wedding gifts to Juno, guarded by daughters of Atlas and Hesperis, stolen by Atlas for Hercules, 145.

Aq´ui-lo, or Boreas, the North Wind, 176.

Aq´ui-taine, ancient province of Southwestern France, 406.

A-rach´ne, a maiden skilled in weaving, changed to a spider by Minerva for daring to compete with her, 108-111.

Ar-ca´di-a, a country in the middle of Peloponnesus, surrounded on all sides by mountains, 9, 34, 138, 280.

Ar´ca-dy, star of, the Pole-star, 33.

Ar´cas, son of Jupiter and Callisto, 34.

Archer, constellation of the, 40.

Ar´den, forest of, 661, 667, 668, 703.

A-re-op´a-gus, court of the, at Athens, 235.

A´res, called Mars by the Romans, the Greek god of war, and one of the great Olympian gods, 7.

Ar-e-thu´sa, nymph of Diana, changed to a fountain, 55-56, 58.

Ar´gius, king of Ireland, father of Isoude the Fair, 453.

Ar´go, builder of the vessel of Jason for the Argonautic expedition, 130, 132, 133.

Ar´go-lis, city of the Nemean games, 155.

Ar´go-nauts, Jason’s crew seeking the Golden Fleece, 130, 131, 137, 144, 158, 176.

Ar´gos, a kingdom in Greece, 182, 234, 285, 289, 307.

Ar´gus, of the hundred eyes, guardian of Io, 29-31, 130, 133, 255, 302.

A-ri-ad´ne, daughter of King Minos, who helped Theseus slay the Minotaur, 152, 156, 165.

A-rim´a-nes. See Ahriman.

Ar´i-mas´pi-ans, one-eyed people of Syria, 129.

A-ri´on, famous musician, whom sailors cast into the sea to rob him, but whose lyric song charmed the dolphins, one of which bore him safely to land, 195-198.

Ar-is-tÆ´us, the bee-keeper, in love with Eurydice, 185, 189-191.

Ar-mor´i-ca, another name for Britain, 375, 388, 400.

Ar-ri-da´no, a magical ruffian, slain by Orlando, 687, 689, 690.

Ar´te-mis. See Diana.

Arth-gal´lo, brother of Elidure, British king, 386.

Ar´thur, king in Britain about the 6th century, 375, 390, 392, 394-417, 441, 442, 444, 461, 466, 484, 487, 508-514, 515-521, 534, 539, 546-549, 554, 564-569, 611-614, 622.

A´runs, an Etruscan who killed Camilla, 286.

As´gard, home of the Northern gods, 330, 345.

Ash´ta-roth, a cruel spirit, called by enchantment to bring Rinaldo to death, 804-805.

A´sia, 152, 161.

As´ke, the first man, made from an ash tree, 329.

As-tol´pho of England, one of Charlemagne’s knights, 653, 656, 667, 673, 675, 722, 731, 739-740, 769-779, 783-784, 791.

As-trÆ´a, goddess of justice, daughter of AstrÆus and Eos, 15.

As-ty´a-ges, an assailant of Perseus, 121.

As-ty´a-nax, son of Hector of Troy, established kingdom of Messina in Italy, 697.

A-su´ras, opponents of the Braminical gods, 321.

At-a-lan´ta, beautiful daughter of King of Icaria, loved and won in a foot-race by Hippomenes, 138-140, 141-142.

A´te, the goddess of infatuation, mischief and guilt, 222.

Ath´a-mas, son of Æolus and Enarete, and king of Orchomenus, in Boeotia, 129, 130, 174.

See Ino.

A-the´ne, tutelary goddess of Athens; the same as Minerva, 152.

Ath´ens, the capital of Attica, about four miles from the sea, between the small rivers Cephissus and Ilissus, 95, 107, 136, 137, 150, 151, 153, 154, 235, 307.

A´thor, Egyptian deity, progenitor of Isis and Osiris, 292.

A´thos, the mountainous peninsula, also called Acte, which projects from Chalcidice in Macedonia, 43.

At-lan´tes, foster-father of Rogero, a powerful magician, 693, 703, 720, 737, 739.

At-lan´tis, according to an ancient tradition, a great island west of the Pillars of Hercules, in the ocean, opposite Mount Atlas, 273.

At´las, a Titan, who bore the heavens on his shoulders, as punishment for opposing the gods; one of the sons of Iapetus, 5, 44, 117-118, 146, 149, 206.

At´las, Mount, general name for range in northern Africa, 145.

At´ro-pos, one of the Fates (which See), 9.

At´ti-ca, a state in ancient Greece, 153, 154, 158.

Aud-hum´bla, the cow from which the giant Ymir was nursed. Her milk was frost melted into raindrops, 329.

Au-ge´an stables, cleansed by Hercules, 144.

Au-ge´as, king of Elis, 144.

Au-gus´tan age, reign of Roman Emperor Augustus CÆsar, famed for many great authors, 308.

Au-gus´tus, the first imperial CÆsar, who ruled the Roman Empire 31 b.c.-14 a.d., 11, 308.

Au´lis, port in Boeotia, meeting-place of Greek expedition against Troy, 213.

Au-ro´ra, identical with Eos, goddess of the dawn, 23, 26, 53, 72, 207-208.

Au-ro´ra Bo-re-a´lis, splendid nocturnal luminosity in northern sky, called Northern Lights, probably electrical, 331.

Au´tumn, attendant of Phoebus, the Sun, 39.

Av´a-lon, land of the Blessed, an earthly paradise in the Western Seas, burial-place of King Arthur, 395, 400, 520.

Av´a-tar, name for any of the earthly incarnations of Vishnu, the Preserver (Hindu god), 321.

Av´en-tine, Mount, one of the Seven Hills of Rome, 146.

A-ver´nus, a miasmatic lake close to the promontory between CumÆ and Puteoli, filling the crater of an extinct volcano, by the ancients thought to be the entrance to the infernal regions, 265, 266.

Av-i-cen´na, celebrated Arabian physician and philosopher, 313.

A´ya, mother of Rinaldo, 820.

Ay´mon, Duke, father of Rinaldo and Bradamante, 791-792, 794.

B

Ba´al, king of Tyre, 358.

Bab-y-lo´ni-an River, dried up when PhaËton drove the sun-chariot, 44.

Bac´cha-na´li-a, a feast to Bacchus that was permitted to occur but once in three years; attended by most shameless orgies, 161.

Bac´cha-nals, devotees and festal dancers of Bacchus, 161, 164.

Bac´chus (Dionysus), god of wine and revelry, 8, 10, 46-47, 123, 160-165, 179, 187.

Ba´don, battle of, Arthur’s final victory over the Saxons, 394, 400.

Bag-de-ma´gus, King, a knight of Arthur’s time, 427-428, 489.

Bal´dur, son of Odin, and representing in Norse mythology the sun-god, 343-347.

Bal-i-sar´do, Orlando’s sword, 786.

Ban, King of Brittany, ally of Arthur, father of Launcelot, 391, 401, 424.

Bards, minstrels of Welsh Druids, 361, 531.

Bas´i-lisk. See Cockatrice.

Bau´cis, wife of Philemon, visited by Jupiter and Mercury, 49-51.

Bay´ard, wild horse subdued by Rinaldo, 661-663, 672, 696, 704, 708, 768-769, 784-788, 814, 826.

Be´al, Druids’ god of life, 358.

Bear (Constellation of), 3.

Bed´i-vere, Arthur’s knight, 517-525.

Bed´ver, King Arthur’s butler, made governor of Normandy, 406, 407, 408, 410.

Bed´wyr, knightly comrade of Geraint, 570.

Bel-i-sar´da, Rogero’s sword, 730.

Bel-ler´o-phon, demigod, conqueror of the ChimÆra, 125-126.

Bel-lo´na, the Roman goddess of war, represented as the sister or wife of Mars, 10.

Bel´tane, Druidical fire-festival, 359.

Be´lus, son of Poseidon (Neptune) and Libya or Eurynome, twin brother of Agenor, 262.

Ben´di-geid Vran, King of Britain, 589-597.

Be´o-wulf, hero and king of the Swedish Geats, 635-637.

Ber´o-e, nurse of Semele, 160.

Ber´tha, mother of Orlando, 656.

Bi´frost, rainbow bridge between the earth and Asgard (which See), 330, 349.

Bla´dud, inventor, builder of the city of Bath, 383.

Bla´mor, a knight of Arthur, 512, 523, 525.

Ble-ob´er-is, a knight of Arthur, 525.

Boe-o´ti-a, state in ancient Greece, capital city Thebes, 213, 297.

Bo-hort´, King, a knight of Arthur, 399, 401, 424, 442, 443, 446-449, 497-502, 504-506, 507, 510, 512, 523, 524, 525.

Bo´na De´a, a Roman divinity of fertility, 10 n.

Bo-o´tes, also called Arcas, son of Jupiter and Calisto, changed to constellation of Ursa Major, 42.

Bo´re-as, North wind, son of Æolus and Aurora, 176, 261.

Bos´po-rus (Bosphorus), the Cow-ford, named for Io (which See), when as a heifer she crossed that strait, 31.

Brad-a-man´te, sister to Rinaldo; a female warrior, 697, 703, 708, 712-721, 727, 737, 738, 740, 765-768, 779, 791, 792, 794, 796-801.

Brad-e-ma´gus, King, father of Sir Maleagans, 436, 439.

Brag´i, Norse god of poetry, 332.

Brah´ma, the Creator, chief god of Hindu religion, 320-325.

Bran´wen, daughter of Llyr, King of Britain, wife of Matholch, 591-597.

Brazen Age, 14.

BrÉ-cil´i-ande, forest of, where Vivian enticed Merlin, 391, 392, 475.

Breng´wain, maid of Isoude the Fair, 454, 468-469.

Bren´nus, son of Molmutius, went to Gaul, became King of the Allobroges, 386.

Breuse, the Pitiless, a caitiff knight, 464, 469.

Bri-a´re-us, hundred-armed giant, 52, 123, 267.

Brice, Bishop, sustainer of Arthur when elected king, 398.

Brig-li-a-do´ro, Orlando’s horse, 759, 788.

Bri-se´is, captive maid belonging to Achilles, 216.

Brit´to, reputed ancestor of British people, 379.

Bruh´ier, Sultan of Arabia, 862-866.

Bru-nel´lo, dwarf, thief, and king, 694, 718.

Brun´hild, leader of the Valkyrie, 352, 354-357.

Bru´tus, great-grandson of Æneas, and founder of city of New Troy (London), 375, 379-391.

See Pandrasus.

Bry´an, Sir, a knight of Arthur, 430.

Bud´dha, called The Enlightened, reformer of Brahmanism, deified teacher of self-abnegation, virtue, reincarnation, Karma (inevitable sequence of every act), and Nirvana (beatific absorption into the Divine), lived about 562-482 b.c., 321, 325-326.

Bull, constellation, 40.

Byb´los, in Egypt, 294.

Byr´sa, original site of Carthage, 262.

C

Ca´cus, gigantic son of Vulcan, slain by Hercules, whose captured cattle he stole, 146, 147.

Cad´mus, son of Agenor, king of Phoenicia, and of Telephassa, and brother of Europa, who, seeking his sister, carried off by Jupiter, had strange adventures—sowing in the ground teeth of a dragon he had killed, which sprang up armed men who slew each other, all but five, who helped Cadmus to found the city of Thebes, 34, 91-94, 131, 174, 182, 301.

Ca-du´ce-us, Mercury’s staff, 8, 49.

Cad-wal´lo, King of Venedotia (North Wales), 407.

Caer-le´on, traditional seat of Arthur’s court, 406, 413, 534, 553.

CÆ´sar, Julius, Roman lawyer, general, statesman and author, conquered and consolidated Roman territory, making possible the Empire, 387, 388.

Ca-i´cus, a Greek river, 44.

Cairns, Druidical stone-piles, 359, 365.

Cal´ais, French town facing England, 133, 176.

Cal´chas, wisest soothsayer among the Greeks at Troy, 214, 217, 230.

Cal´i-burn, a sword of Arthur, 400.

Cal-li´o-pe, one of the nine Muses (which See), 8, 185.

Cal-lis´to, an Arcadian nymph, mother of Arcas (See BoÖtes), changed by Jupiter to constellation Ursa Minor, 31-34.

Cal´pe, a mountain in the south of Spain, on the strait between the Atlantic and Mediterranean, now Rock of Gibraltar, 145.

Cal´y-don, home of Meleager, 138, 140.

Ca-lyp´so, queen of Island of Ogyia, where Ulysses was wrecked and held seven years, 245-247.

Ca-lyp´so Island, 245.

Cam´ber, son of Brutus, governor of West Albion (Wales), 381.

Cam´bria, 529.

Cam´e-lot, legendary place in England where Arthur’s court and palace were located, 441, 453.

Ca-me´nÆ, prophetic nymphs, belonging to the religion of ancient Italy, 175.

Ca-mil´la, Volscian maiden, huntress and Amazonian warrior, favorite of Diana, 278, 286, 287.

Cam´lan, battle of, where Arthur was mortally wounded, 395.

Can´ter-bury, English city, 516.

Cap´a-neus, husband of Evadne, slain by Jupiter for disobedience, 183.

Ca´pet, Hugh, King of France (987-996 a.d.), 870.

Car´a-doc Brief´bras, Sir, great-nephew of King Arthur, 418-423.

Car´a-hue, King of Mauretania, 853 ff., 861.

Car´thage, African city, home of Dido (which See), 262.

Cas-san´dra, daughter of Priam and Hecuba, and twin-sister of Helenus, a prophetess, who foretold the coming of the Greeks but was not believed, 232.

Cas-si-bel-laun´us, British chieftain, fought but not conquered by CÆsar, 387.

Cas-si-o-pe´ia, mother of Andromeda, 118, 120.

Cas-ta´li-a, fountain of Parnassus, giving inspiration to Oracular priestess named Pythia, 297.

Cas-ta´lian Cave, oracle of Apollo, 92.

Castes (India), 323-325.

Cas´tor and Pol´lux—the Dioscuri, sons of Jupiter and Leda,—Castor a horseman, Pollux a boxer (See Gemini), 133, 158-159, 202, 203.

Cau´ca-sus, Mount, 18, 43, 170.

Ca-vall´, Arthur’s favorite dog, 564.

Ca-ys´ter, ancient river, 44.

Ce-bri´o-nes, Hector’s charioteer, 220.

Ce´crops, first king of Athens, 107.

Ce-les´tials, gods of classic mythology, 3.

Ce´le-us, shepherd who sheltered Ceres, seeking Proserpine, and whose infant son Triptolemus was in gratitude made great by Ceres, 54, 57.

Cel-li´ni, Benvenuto, famous Italian sculptor and artificer in metals, 316.

Celt´ic nations, ancient Gauls and Britons, modern Bretons, Welsh, Irish and Gaelic Scotch, 529.

Cen´taurs, originally an ancient race, inhabiting Mount Pelion in Thessaly; in later accounts represented as half horses and half men, and said to have been the offspring of Ixion and a cloud, 127-128, 166.

Ceph´a-lus, husband of beautiful but jealous Procris, 26-28, 95.

Ce´phe-us, King of Ethiopians, father of Andromeda, 118, 120.

Ceph´i-sus, a Grecian stream, 92.

Cer´be-rus, three-headed dog that guarded the entrance to Hades; called a son of Typhaon and Echidna, 88, 147, 196, 268.

Ce´res (See Demeter), 8, 53, 54-57, 86, 169.

Ces´tus, the girdle of Venus, 6, 218.

Cey-lon´, 326.

Ce´yx, King of Thessaly (See Halcyone), 69-75.

Cha´os, original Confusion, personified by Greeks as most ancient of the gods, 4, 12, 45.

Char´le-magne, king of the Franks and emperor of the Romans, 375, 647, 650-655, 664-672, 674, 801-813 ff.

Charles Mar-tel´, king of the Franks, grandfather of Charlemagne, called Martel (the Hammer) from his defeat of the Saracens at Tours, 648, 649, 650.

Char´lot, son of Charlemagne, 818-821, 825, 827, 852, 858.

Cha´ron, son of Erebos, conveyed in his boat the shades of the dead across the rivers of the lower world, 88, 267.

Cha-ryb´dis, whirlpool near the coast of Sicily, 243-245, 261, 303, 304, 322.

See Scylla.

Chi-mÆ´ra, a fire-breathing monster, the fore part of whose body was that of a lion, the hind part that of a dragon, and the middle that of a goat, slain by Bellerophon, 122, 124-126, 267.

Chi´na, 326;

Lamas (priests) of, 327.

Chi´os, island in the Grecian archipelago, 205.

Chi´ron, wisest of all the Centaurs, son of Cronos (Saturn) and Philyra, lived on Mount Pelion, instructor of Grecian heroes, 127, 128, 133, 173.

Chry-se´is, Trojan maid, taken by Agamemnon, 216.

Chry´ses, priest of Apollo, father of Chryseis, 216.

Ci-co´ni-ans, inhabitants of Ismarus, visited by Ulysses, 236.

Cim´bri, an ancient people of Central Europe, 529.

Cim-me´ri-a, a land of darkness, 31, 71, 529.

Ci´mon, Athenian general, 154.

Cir´ce, sorceress, sister of Æetes, 60, 61, 117, 241-243.

Ci-thÆ´ron, Mount, scene of Bacchic worship, 164, 192.

Clar-i-mun´da, wife of Huon, 845-848.

Cli´o, one of the Muses (which See), 8.

Clor´i-dan, a Moor, 747-751.

Clo´tho, one of the Fates (which See), 9.

Clym´e-ne, an ocean nymph, 38-39.

Cly-tem-nes´tra, wife of Agamemnon, killed by Orestes, 234.

Cly´tie, a water-nymph, in love with Apollo, 104-105.

Cni´dos, ancient city of Asia Minor, seat of worship of Aphrodite (Venus), 66.

Cock´a-trice (or Basilisk), called King of Serpents, supposed to kill with its look, 312-314.

Co-cy´tus, a river of Hades, 267.

Col´chis, a kingdom east of the Black Sea, 130, 131, 137.

Col´o-phon, one of the seven cities claiming the birth of Homer, 307.

Co-lum´ba, St., an Irish Christian missionary to Druidical parts of Scotland, 362-363.

Co´nan, Welsh king, 388.

Con´stan-tine, Greek emperor, 791, 793.

Cor-deil´la, daughter of the mythical King Leir, 383-384.

Co-ri-ne´us, a Trojan warrior in Albion, 381.

Cor´inth, city and isthmus of, 136, 151, 155, 195, 197, 199.

Cor-nu-co´pi-a of Achelous, 179.

Corn´wall, southwest part of Britain, 381, 382.

Cor-ta´na, Ogier’s sword, 853, 854, 865.

Cor-y-ban´tes, priests of Cybele, or Rhea, in Phrygia, who celebrated her worship with dances, to the sound of the drum and the cymbal, 143.

Crab, constellation, 41.

Cranes and their enemies, the Pygmies, 128;

of Ibycus, 198-201.

Cre´on, king of Thebes, 183.

Crete, one of the largest islands of the Mediterranean Sea, lying south of the Cyclades, 95, 100, 109, 152, 259.

Cre-u´sa, daughter of Priam, wife of Æneas, 136.

Croc´a-le, a nymph of Diana, 34.

Crom´lech, Druidical altar, 359.

Cro´nos, 9, 301.

See Saturn.

Cro-to´na, city of Italy, 288, 292.

Cu-chu´lain, Irish hero, called the “Hound of Ireland,” 637-640.

Cul-dees´, followers of St. Columba, 363-364.

Cu-mÆ´an Sibyl, seeress of CumÆ, consulted by Æneas, sold Sibylline books to Tarquin, 275.

Cu´pid, child of Venus and god of love, 7, 20, 53, 65, 80-90, 193.

Cu-roi of Kerry, wise man, 638-640.

Cy´a-ne, river, opposed Pluto’s passage to Hades, 53, 54, 55.

Cyb´e-le (Rhea, which See), 11, 142.

Cy-clo´pes, creatures with circular eyes, of whom Homer speaks as a gigantic and lawless race of shepherds in Sicily, who devoured human beings; they helped Vulcan to forge the thunderbolts of Zeus under Ætna, 122, 123, 180, 205, 209, 210, 237-240, 247, 260.

Cym´be-line, king of ancient Britain, 388.

Cy´no-sure (Dog’s tail), the Pole-star, at tail of Constellation Ursa Minor, 33.

Cyn´thi-an mountain top, birthplace of Artemis (Diana) and Apollo, 112.

Cy´prus, island off the coast of Syria, sacred to Aphrodite, 6, 63, 66, 78, 142, 233.

Cy-re´ne, a nymph, mother of AristÆus, 189-190.

D

DÆ´da-lus, architect of the Cretan Labyrinth; inventor of sails, 152, 156-157.

Dag´ue-net, King Arthur’s fool, 469.

Da´lai La´ma, chief pontiff of Thibet, 327.

Dan´a-e, mother of Perseus by Jupiter, 202.

Da-na´i-des, the fifty daughters of DanaÜs, king of Argos, who were betrothed to the fifty sons of Ægyptus, but were commanded by their father to slay each her own husband on the marriage night, 186.

Dan´a-us (See Danaides), 186.

Daph´ne, maiden loved by Apollo, and changed into a laurel tree, 20-23.

Dar-da-nelles´, ancient Hellespont (which See), 129.

Dar´da-nus, progenitor of the Trojan kings, 206, 259.

Dar´di-nel, prince of Zumara, 745.

Dawn, 3, 5, 41.

See Aurora.

Day, an attendant on Phoebus, the Sun, 39.

Day-star (Hesperus), 41, 69, 71.

Death, 181, 220, 266.

See Hela.

De-iph´o-bus, son of Priam and Hecuba, the bravest brother of Paris, 213, 224.

De´ja-ni´ra, wife of Hercules, 147, 177, 179.

De´los, floating island, birthplace of Apollo and Diana, 38, 157, 162, 259.

Del´phi, shrine of Apollo, famed for its oracles, 1, 123, 155, 234, 235, 297, 298.

Del´phos, 21.

De-me´ter, Greek goddess of marriage and human fertility; identified by Romans with Ceres (which See), 8.

De-me´ti-a, South Wales, 407.

De-mod´o-cus, bard of AlcinoÜs, king of the PhÆacians, 202, 252.

Deu-ca´li-on, king of Thessaly, who with his wife Pyrrha were the only pair surviving a deluge sent by Zeus, 16-17, 301.

Di´a, island of, 162.

Di-a´na (Artemis), goddess of the moon and of the chase, daughter of Jupiter and Latona, 6, 21, 26, 30, 34-36, 38, 53, 56, 101, 112, 123, 127, 134 n., 138, 139, 141, 154, 204, 206, 214, 235, 259, 278, 286, 380.

Di-a´na of the Hind, antique sculpture in the Louvre, Paris, 306.

Di-a´na, temple of, 314.

Dic´tys, a sailor, 162, 202.

Did´i-er, king of the Lombards, 653.

Di´do, queen of Tyre and Carthage, entertained the shipwrecked Æneas, 262, 263, 268.

Di-o-me´de, Greek hero during Trojan War, 213, 219, 229, 232.

Di-o´ne, female Titan, mother of Zeus, of Aphrodite (Venus), 6.

Di-o-ny´sus. See Bacchus.

Di-os-cu´ri, the Twins (See Castor and Pollux), 158.

Dir´ce, wife of Lycus, king of Thebes, who ordered Amphion and Zethus to tie Antiope to a wild bull, but they, learning Antiope to be their mother, so treated Dirce herself, 192.

Dis. See Pluto.

Dis´cord, apple of, 212.

See Eris.

Dis-cor´di-a, 266.

See Eris.

Do-do´na, site of an oracle of Zeus (Jupiter), 296.

Dolphin, 196.

Dor´ce-us, a dog of Diana, 35.

Do´ris, wife of Nereus, 44, 173.

Drag´on’s teeth sown by Cadmus, 301.

Dru´ids, ancient Celtic priests, 358-362.

Dry´-a-des (or Dryads), 169.

See Wood-nymphs.

Dry´o-pe, changed to a lotus plant, for plucking a lotus—enchanted form of the nymph Lotis, 64-65.

Du-bri´ci-us, bishop of Caerleon, 407, 408.

Du´don, a knight, comrade of Astolpho, 783.

Dun-wal´lo Mol-mu´ti-us, British king and lawgiver, 385.

Du-rin-da´na, sword of Orlando or Rinaldo, 658, 672, 687, 699, 754, 759, 765, 785-788.

Dwarfs in Wagner’s Nibelungen Ring, 354.

E

Earth (GÆa), 4, 5, 44;

goddess of the, 145, 297.

E-bu´di-ans, the, 732-733.

Ech´o, nymph of Diana, shunned by Narcissus, faded to nothing but a voice, 101-103.

Eck´len-lied, the, 354.

Ed´das, Norse mythological records, 329, 348, 351, 354.

Ed´e-ryn, son of Nudd, 562.

E-ge´ri-a, nymph of the Fountain, 154, 175.

Egypt, 123, 163, 233, 296.

Eis-tedd´fod, session of Welsh bards and minstrels, 361.

E-lec´tra, the lost one of the Pleiades (which See); also, sister of Orestes (which See), 206, 234, 235.

El-eu-sin´i-an Mysteries, instituted by Ceres, and calculated to awaken feelings of piety and a cheerful hope of better life in the future, 57.

E-leu´sis, Grecian city, 54, 57.

El´gin Marbles, Greek sculptures from the Parthenon of Athens, now in British Museum, London, placed there by Lord Elgin, 155.

E-li-au´res, enchanter, 419.

El´i-dure, a king of Britain, 386.

E´lis, ancient Greek city, 55, 144, 155.

El´li, old age; the one successful wrestler against Thor, 341.

El´phin, son of Gwyddno, 626-633.

Elves, spiritual beings, of many powers and dispositions—some evil, some good, 348.

El-vid´nir, the hall of Hela (which See), 333.

E-lys´i-an Fields, the land of the blest, 2.

E-lys´i-an Plain, whither the favored of the gods were taken without death, 2.

E-lys´i-um, a happy land, where there is neither snow, nor cold, nor rain. Hither favored heroes, like Menelaus, pass without dying, and live happy under the rule of Rhadamanthus. In the Latin poets Elysium is part of the lower world, and the residence of the shades of the blessed, 196, 269, 272, 273.

Em´bla, the first woman, 329.

En-cel´a-dus, giant defeated by Jupiter, 52, 122.

En-dym´i-on, a beautiful youth beloved by Diana, 61, 204.

E´nid, wife of Geraint, 568, 573.

En´na, vale of, home of Proserpine, 53, 58.

E´noch, the patriarch, 772.

Epi-dau´rus, a town in Argolis, on the Saronic gulf; chief seat of the worship of Æsculapius, whose temple was situated near the town, 94, 95, 151, 298.

Ep-i-me´theus, son of Iapetus; husband of Pandora; with his brother Prometheus took part in creation of man, 13, 18.

E-pi´rus, country to the west of Thessaly, lying along the Adriatic Sea, 260, 292.

E-po´pe-us, a sailor, 162.

Er´a-to, one of the Muses (which See), 8.

Er´bin of Cornwall, father of Geraint, 568, 570.

Er´e-bus, son of Chaos; region of darkness, entrance to Hades, 4, 56, 88, 153, 187, 277.

E-rid´a-nus, river, 45.

E-ri´nys (pl. E-rin´ny-es), one of the Furies (which See), 9, 235.

Er´i-phy´le, sister of Polynices, bribed to decide on war, in which her husband was slain, 182, 183.

E´ris (Discordia), goddess of discord. At the wedding of Peleus and Thetis, Eris being uninvited threw into the gathering an apple “For the Fairest,” which was claimed by Hera (Juno), Aphrodite (Venus) and Athena (Minerva). Paris, being called upon for judgment, awarded it to Aphrodite, 211.

Er-i-sich´thon, an unbeliever, punished by famine, 167, 169-171, 177.

E´ros. See Cupid.

Er´y-the´ia, island, 145, 146.

E´ryx, a mount, haunt of Venus, 53.

E-se´pus, river in Paphlagonia, 208.

Es-tril´dis, wife of Locrine, supplanting divorced Guendolen, 381.

E-te´o-cles, son of Œdipus and Jocasta, 182, 183.

E-trus´cans, ancient people of Italy, 281.

Et´zel, king of the Huns, 353.

Eu-bo´ic Sea, where Hercules threw Lichas, who brought him the poisoned shirt of Nessus, 148.

Eude, king of Aquitaine, ally of Charles Martel, 649.

Eu-mÆ´us, swineherd of Æneas, 254, 257.

Eu-men´i-des, also called Erinnyes, and by the Romans FuriÆ or DirÆ, the Avenging Deities, 201, 234.

See Furies.

Eu-phor´bus, a Trojan, killed by Menelaus, 289.

Eu-phros´y-ne, one of the Graces (which See), 8.

Eu-ro´pa, daughter of the Phoenician king Agenor, by Zeus the mother of Minos, Rhadamanthus, and Sarpedon, 91, 109.

Eu´rus, the East wind, 176.

Eu-ry´a-lus, a gallant Trojan soldier, who with Nisus entered the Grecian camp, both being slain, 282, 283, 284.

Eu-ryd´i-ce, wife of Orpheus, who, fleeing from an admirer, was killed by a snake and borne to Tartarus, where Orpheus sought her and was permitted to bring her to earth if he would not look back at her following him; but he did, and she returned to the Shades, 185-188, 191, 196.

Eu-ryl´o-chus, a companion of Ulysses, 241.

Eu-ryn´o-me, female Titan, wife of Ophion (which See), 4, 5.

Eu-rys´theus, taskmaster of Hercules, 128, 143-147.

Eu-ryt´i-on, a Centaur (See Hippodamia), 127, 145.

Eu-ter´pe, Muse who presided over music, 8.

Eux´ine Sea, 2, 130.

E-vad´ne, wife of Capaneus, who flung herself upon his funeral pile and perished with him, 182, 183.

E-van´der, Arcadian chief, befriending Æneas in Italy, 279-281, 285.

Eve, 5, 17, 301.

Ev´niss-yen, quarrelsome brother of Branwen, 590, 591.

Ex-cal´i-bar, sword of King Arthur, 398, 399, 413, 519.

F

Faf´ner, a giant turned dragon, treasure-stealer; by the Solar Theory simply the Darkness who steals the day, 354, 355, 356.

Fal-er-i´na, an enchantress, 678, 686, 688.

Fam´ine, 170.

Fa´solt, a giant, brother of Fafner, and killed by him, 354.

“Fas´ti,” Ovid’s, a mythological poetic calendar, 309.

Fa´ta Mor-ga´na, a mirage, 691.

Fates, the three, described as daughters of Night—to indicate the darkness and obscurity of human destiny—or of Zeus and Themis, that is, “daughters of the just heavens:” they were Clo´tho, who spun the thread of life; Lach´e-sis, who held the thread and fixed its length, and At´ro-pos, who cut it off, 9, 56, 67, 170, 180, 181.

Fauns, cheerful sylvan deities, represented in human form, with small horns, pointed ears, and sometimes goat’s tail, 10, 76.

Fau´nus, son of Picus, grandson of Saturnus, and father of Latinus, worshipped as the protecting deity of agriculture and of shepherds, and also as a giver of oracles, 10, 36, 166, 209, 276.

Fa-vo´ni-us, the West wind, 176.

Fear, 266.

Fen´ris, a wolf, the son of Loki the Evil Principle of Scandinavia; supposed to have personated the element of fire, destructive except when chained, 332, 333, 344, 349.

Fen-sa´lir, Freya’s palace, called the Hall of the Sea, where were brought together lovers, husbands, and wives who had been separated by death, 344.

Fer´ra-gus, a giant, opponent of Orlando, 657-658.

Fer´rau, one of Charlemagne’s knights, 667, 669, 737.

Fer´rex, brother of Porrex, the two sons of Leir, 385.

Fire-worshippers, of ancient Persia, 318-320.

See Parsees.

Flol-lo, Roman tribune in Gaul, 405, 406.

Flo´ra, Roman goddess of flowers and spring, 10, 176.

Flor-de´lis, fair maiden beloved by Florismart, 675-676, 678, 683, 702, 763, 767.

Flor´is-mart, Sir, a brave knight, 656, 675-676, 678, 692, 702, 737, 740, 764, 783-789.

Floss-hil´da, one of the Rhine daughters (which See), 354.

Fortunate Fields, 2.

Fortunate Islands (See Elysian Plain), 273.

Fo´rum, market-place and open square for public meetings in Rome, surrounded by courthouses, palaces, temples, etc., 281.

Fran´cus, son of Histion, grandson of Japhet, great-grandson of Noah, legendary ancestor of the Franks, or French, 379.

Fre´ki, one of Odin’s two wolves, 330.

French language, 374.

Frey, or Freyr, god of the sun, 332, 336, 347, 348, 349.

Frey´a, Norse goddess of music, spring, and flowers, 332, 334, 335, 347, 351, 355.

Frick´a, goddess of marriage, 355.

Frig´ga, goddess who presided over smiling nature, sending sunshine, rain, and harvest, 344, 345, 347, 351, 352.

Froh, one of the Norse gods, 354.

Fron-ti´no, Rogero’s horse, 695.

Frost Giants, 349.

Ful´la, 419.

Fu´ries (Erinnyes), the three retributive spirits who punished crime, represented as snaky-haired old woman, named Alecto, MegÆra, and Tisiphone, 9, 186, 198, 199, 266, 269, 270, 277.

Fus-ber´ta, Rinaldo’s sword, 710.

G

GÆ´a, or Ge, called Tellus by the Romans, the personification of the earth; described as the first being that sprang from Chaos, and gave birth to Uranus (Heaven) and Pontus (Sea), 1-2.

Ga-ha´ri-et, knight of Arthur’s court, 404, 414.

Ga-he´ris, knight, 429, 430, 434, 508.

Gal´a-fron, King of Cathay, father of Angelica, 665, 685.

Gal´a-had, Sir, the pure knight of Arthur’s Round Table, who safely took the Siege Perilous (which See), 487-491, 494, 504-506.

Gal-a-te´a, a Nereid or sea-nymph, 173, 197.

Gal-a-te´a, statue carved and beloved by Pygmalion, 209-211.

Ga´len, Greek physician and philosophical writer, 313.

Gal´le-hant, King of the Marches, 425, 442.

Games, national athletic contests in Greece—Olympian, at Olympia; Pythian, near Delphi, seat of Apollo’s oracle; Isthmian, on the Corinthian Isthmus; Nemean, at Nemea in Argolis, 155.

Gan, treacherous Duke of Maganza, 663, 801-805.

Gan´e-lon of Mayence, one of Charlemagne’s knights, 656.

Gan´ges, river in India, 44.

Ga´no, a peer of Charlemagne, 653.

Gan´y-mede, the most beautiful of all mortals; carried off to Olympus that he might fill the cup of Zeus and live among the immortal gods, 150.

Gar´eth, Arthur’s knight, 414, 508.

Gau-dis´so, Sultan, 838 ff.

Gaul, ancient France, 405.

Gau´ta-ma, Prince, the Buddha (which See), 325.

Ga-wain´, Arthur’s knight, 392, 402, 403, 404, 409, 414-417, 432-434, 438, 442, 474, 484-485, 487, 490-491, 508-514, 515-516, 546, 548-549, 554, 555, 613.

Gawl, son of Clud, suitor for Rhiannon, 585-588, 606.

Gem´i-ni (See Castor), constellation created by Jupiter from the twin-brothers after death, 158.

Gen´ghis Khan, Tartar conqueror, 327.

Ge´ni-us, in Roman belief, the protective Spirit of each individual man, 11.

See Juno.

Geof´frey of Mon´mouth, translator into Latin of the Welsh History of the Kings of Britain (1150), 375, 379.

Ge-raint´, a knight of King Arthur, 556-582.

Ger´da, wife of Frey, 336.

Ge´ri, one of Odin’s two wolves, 330.

Ge´ry-on, a three-bodied monster, 145.

Ges´nes, navigator sent for Isoude the Fair, 477.

Gi-al´lar Horn, the trumpet that Heimdal will blow at the judgment day, 349.

Gi´ants, beings of monstrous size and of fearful countenances; represented as in constant opposition to the gods, 122-123;

in Wagner’s Nibelungen Ring, 354.

Gi´bich-ung race, ancestors of Alberich, 356, 357.

Gi-bral´tar, great rock and town at southwest corner of Spain (See Pillars of Hercules), 145.

Gil´das, a scholar of Arthur’s court, 564.

Gi-rard´, son of Duke Sevinus, 826.

Glas´ton-bur-y, where Arthur died, 395.

Glau-cus, a fisherman, loving Scylla, 59-61, 174, 213.

Gleip´nir, magical chain on the wolf Fenris, 333.

Glew´lw-yd, Arthur’s porter, 610, 611.

Gods of the ancient myths, 12, 354.

Golden Age, 9, 14, 301.

Golden Apples, 117-118, 145-146.

Golden Fleece, of ram used for escape of children of Athamas, named Helle and Phryxus (which See); after sacrifice of ram to Jupiter, fleece was guarded by sleepless dragon and gained by Jason and Argonauts (which See; also Helle), 129-133, 134.

Gon´er-il, daughter of Leir, 383-384.

Gor´di-an Knot, tying up in temple the wagon of Gordius, he who could untie it being destined to be lord of Asia; it was cut by Alexander the Great, 48.

Gor´di-us, a countryman who, arriving in Phrygia in a wagon, was made king by the people, thus interpreting an oracle, 48.

Gor´gons, three monstrous females, with huge teeth, brazen claws and snakes for hair, sight of whom turned beholders to stone; Medusa, the most famous, slain by Perseus (which See), 115.

Gor´lois, Duke of Tintadel, 397, 398.

Gou-ver-nail, squire of Isabella, queen of Lionesse, protector of her son Tristram while young, 449, and his squire in knighthood, 463.

Graal, the Holy, cup from which the Saviour drank at Last Supper, taken by Joseph of Arimathea to Europe, and lost, its recovery becoming a sacred quest for Arthur’s knights, 392, 475, 487.

Graces, three goddesses who enhanced the enjoyments of life by refinement and gentleness; they were Aglaia (brilliance), Euphrosyne (joy), and Thalia (bloom), 4, 8.

Gra-das´so, king of Sericane, 672, 700, 702, 737, 740, 765, 768-769, 784-788.

GrÆ´Æ, three gray-haired female watchers for the Gorgons, with one movable eye and one tooth between the three, 115-116.

Grand La´ma, Buddhist pontiff in Thibet, 327.

Great Bear, constellation, 32-33, 36, 42.

Gren´del, monster slain by Beowulf, 635.

Griefs, 266.

Gry´phon (griffin), a fabulous animal, with the body of a lion and the head and wings of an eagle, dwelling in the RhipÆan mountains, between the Hyperboreans and the one-eyed Arimaspians, and guarding the gold of the North, 128.

Gue´bers, Persian fire-worshippers, 320.

Guen´do-len, wife of Locrine, 381-382.

Guen´e-vere, wife of King Arthur, beloved by Launcelot, 425, 435-437, 439-441, 445-448, 481, 507, 522, 523, 524, 534, 555-557, 565.

Guer´in, lord of Vienne, father of Oliver, 658, 660.

Gui-de´ri-us, son of Cymbeline, 388.

Guil-la-mu´ri-us, king in Ireland, 407.

Gui-mier´, betrothed of Caradoc, 419-420.

Gul-lin-burs´ti, the boar drawing Frey’s car, 347.

Gull´topp, Heimdell’s horse, 347.

Gun-fa´si-us, King of the Orkneys, 407.

GÜn´ther, Burgundian king, brother of Kriemhild, 352, 356, 357.

Gu´trune, half-sister to Hagen, 356.

Gwern, son of Matholch and Branwen, 593, 595.

Gwer´nach the Giant, 620-622.

Gwiff´ert Pe´tit, ally of Geraint, 582.

Gwydd´no, Garan´hir, King of Gwaelod, 626.

Gwyr, judge in the court of Arthur, 570.

Gy´oll, river, 345.

H

Ha´des, originally the god of the nether world—the name later used to designate the gloomy subterranean land of the dead, 147.

HÆ´mon, son of Creon of Thebes, and lover of Antigone, 183.

HÆ-mo´ni-an city, 73.

HÆ´mus, Mount, northern boundary of Thrace, 31, 43.

Ha´gan, a principal character in the Nibelungen Lied, slayer of Siegfried, 352, 353, 354, 356, 357.

Hal-cy´o-ne, daughter of Æneas, and the beloved wife of Ceyx, who, when he was drowned, flew to his floating body, and the pitying gods changed them both to birds (kingfishers), who nest at sea during a certain calm week in winter (“halcyon weather”), 69-76.

Ham-a-dry´ads, tree-or wood-nymphs, 76, 172.

See Nymphs.

Har-mo´ni-a, daughter of Mars and Venus, wife of Cadmus, 94, 182.

Ha-roun´ al Ra´schid, Caliph of Arabia, contemporary of Charlemagne, 655.

Har´pies, monsters, with head and bust of woman, but wings, legs and tail of birds, seizing souls of the wicked, or punishing evil-doers by greedily snatching or defiling their food, 176, 259-260, 276, 770.

Har-poc´ra-tes, Egyptian god, Horus, 293.

Heaven, 4.

He´be, daughter of Juno, cupbearer to the gods, 3, 135, 149, 150.

He´brus, ancient name of river Maritzka, 187.

Hec´a-te, a mighty and formidable divinity, supposed to send at night all kinds of demons and terrible phantoms from the lower world, 131, 134, 135, 266.

Hec´tor, son of Priam and champion of Troy, 213, 214, 217, 218, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 227, 260.

Hec´tor, one of Arthur’s knights, 443, 491.

Hec´tor de Ma-rys´, a knight, 430, 432-434, 510, 512, 523, 524, 525.

Hec´u-ba, wife of Priam, king of Troy, to whom she bore Hector, Paris, and many other children, 223, 224, 226, 232.

He-gi´ra, flight of Mahomet from Mecca to Medina (622 a.d.), era from which Mahometans reckon time, as we do from the birth of Christ, 647-648.

Heid´run, she-goat, furnishing mead for slain heroes in Valhalla, 331.

Heim´dall, watchman of the gods, 332, 347, 349.

Hel, the lower world of Scandinavia, to which were consigned those who had not died in battle, 345.

He´la (Death), the daughter of Loki and the mistress of the Scandinavian Hel, 332, 344, 345, 349.

Hel´en, daughter of Jupiter and Leda; wife of Menelaus; carried off by Paris and cause of the Trojan War, 77, 153, 158, 212, 223, 229, 232, 233, 424.

Hel´e-nus, son of Priam and Hecuba, celebrated for his prophetic powers, 260, 261, 379.

He-li´a-des, sisters of PhaËton, 45.

Hel´i-con, Mount, in Greece, residence of Apollo and the Muses, with fountains of poetic inspiration, Aganippe and Hippocrene, 43, 124.

He-lio-op´o-lis, city of the Sun, in Egypt, 311.

Hel´las, Greece, 2.

Hel´le, daughter of Thessalian King Athamas, who, escaping from cruel father with her brother Phryxus, on ram with golden fleece, fell into the sea-strait since named for her (See Golden Fleece), 129.

Hel´les-pont, narrow strait between Europe and Asia Minor, named for Helle (which See), 106, 129.

Hen´gist, Saxon invader of Britain, 449 a.d., 530.

He-phÆs´tos, 6.

See Vulcan.

He´ra, called Juno by the Romans, a daughter of Cronos (Saturn) and Rhea, and sister and wife of Jupiter, 6.

See Juno.

Her´cu-les, athletic hero, son of Jupiter and Alcmena, achieved twelve vast labors and many famous deeds, 128, 130, 133, 143-149, 150, 151, 153, 165, 177, 178, 179, 181, 193, 229, 279, 301, 379.

Her´cu-les, Pillars of (See Pillars of Hercules), 145.

Her´cu-les, the twelve labors of, 144-147.

Her´e-ward the Wake, hero of the Saxons, 641-643.

Her´mes (Mercury), messenger of the gods, deity of commerce, science, eloquence, trickery, theft, and skill generally, 18, 49-51, 293.

Her-mi´o-ne, daughter of Menelaus and Helen, 233.

Her´mod, the nimble, son of Odin, 345.

He´ro, a priestess of Venus, beloved of Leander (which See), 105-106.

He-rod´o-tus, Greek historian, 307.

He´si-od, Greek poet, 273.

Hes-pe´ri-a, ancient name for Italy, 259.

Hes-per´i-des (See Apples of the Hesperides), 46, 145.

Hes´pe-rus, the evening star (also called Day-Star, p. 41), 53, 69, 145.

Hes´ti-a, called Vesta by the Romans, the goddess of the hearth, 10.

Hil´de-brand, German magician and champion, 353.

Hin´du mythology, 320-321.

Hin´du triad, Brahma, Vishnu, and Siva (which See), 320-323.

Hip-po-cre´ne (See Helicon), 124.

Hip-po-da-mi´a, wife of Pirithous, at whose wedding the Centaurs offered violence to the bride, causing a great battle, 127.

Hip´po-griff, winged horse, with eagle’s head and claws, 719, 721, 722, 741.

Hip-pol´y-ta, Queen of the Amazons, 145, 154.

Hip-pol´y-tus, son of Thesus, 154.

Hip-pom´e-nes, who won Atalanta in foot-race, beguiling her with golden apples thrown for her to pick up, 66, 141-142.

His´ti-on, son of Japhet, 379.

Ho´dur, blind man, who, fooled by Loki, threw a mistletoe-twig at Baldur, killing him, 344-345.

Ho´el, king of Brittany, 400, 406, 408, 409, 411, 475.

Holy Wars of Charlemagne, 375.

Ho´mer, the blind poet of Greece, about 850 b.c., 202, 212, 216, 273, 306-307.

Hope (See Pandora), 14.

Ho´rÆ. See Hours.

Hor´sa, with Hengist, invader of Britain, 530.

Ho´rus, Egyptian god of the sun, 293.

Hou-dain´, Tristram’s dog, 454, 457.

Hours, 39, 41, 208.

Hring´ham, Baldur’s ship, 347.

Hroth´gar, king of Denmark, 635.

Hu´gi, who beat Thialfi in foot-races, 340.

Hu´gin, one of Odin’s two ravens, 330.

Hun´ger, 266, 333.

Hun´ding, husband of Sieglinda, 355.

Hu´on, son of Duke Sevinus, 826 ff.

Hy-a-cin´thus, a youth beloved by Apollo, and accidentally killed by him, changed in death to the flower, hyacinth, 67-68, 228.

Hy´a-des, NysÆan nymphs, nurses of infant Bacchus, rewarded by being placed as cluster of stars in the heavens, 160.

Hy´a-le, a nymph of Diana, 34.

Hy´dra, nine-headed monster slain by Hercules, 144, 149, 267, 269.

Hy-ge´i-a, goddess of health, daughter of Æsculapius, 174.

Hy´las, a youth detained by nymphs of spring where he sought water, 133.

Hy´men, the god of marriage, imagined as a handsome youth and invoked in bridal songs, 20, 185.

Hy-met´tus, mountain in Attica, near Athens, celebrated for its marble and its honey, 63.

Hy-per-bo´re-ans, people of the far North, 2.

Hy-pe´ri-on, a Titan, son of Uranus and Ge, and father of Helios, Selene, and Eos, 4, 5;

cattle of, 244.

Hyr-ca´nia, Prince of, betrothed to Clarimunda, 844, 845.

Hy-ri-e´us, king in Greece, 297.

I

I-ap´e-tus, a Titan, son of Uranus and Ge, and father of Atlas, Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Menoetius, 4, 18.

I-a´si-us, father of Atalanta, 138.

Ib´y-cus, a poet, story of, and the cranes, 198-201.

I-ca´ri-a, island of the Ægean Sea, one of the Sporades, 157.

I-ca´ri-us, Spartan prince, father of Penelope, 184.

Ic´a-rus, son of DÆdalus, he flew too near the sun with artificial wings, and, the wax melting, he fell into the sea, 156, 157.

Ice´land, 351, 405.

Ice-los, attendant of Morpheus, 72.

I-col´um-kill. See Iona.

I´da, Mount, a Trojan hill, 43, 150, 211.

I-dÆ´us, a Trojan herald, 226.

I´das, son of Aphareus and Arene, and brother of Lynceus, 158.

I-du´na, wife of Bragi, 332.

I-gerne´, wife of Gorlois, and mother, by Uther, of Arthur, 397, 398.

Il´i-ad, epic poem of the Trojan War, by Homer, 216, 227.

Il´i-o´heus, a son of Niobe (which See), 113.

Il´i-um. See Troy.

Il-lyr´i-a, Adriatic countries north of Greece, 31, 94.

Im´o-gen, daughter of Pandrasus, wife of Trojan Brutus, 380.

In´a-chus, son of Oceanus and Tethys, and father of Phoroneus and Io; also first king of Argos, and said to have given his name to the river Inachus. 29.

In´cu-bus, an evil spirit, supposed to lie upon persons in their sleep, 389.

In´dia, 39, 161.

In´dra, Hindu god of heaven, thunder, lightning, storm and rain, 320.

Infernal regions, 266-273.

I´no, wife of Athamas, fleeing from whom with infant son she sprang into the sea and was changed to Leucothea (which See), 94, 164, 174.

I´o, changed to a heifer by Jupiter, 29-31, 302.

I-ob´a-tes, King of Lycia, 124, 125.

I-o-la´us, servant of Hercules, 144.

I-ol´cos, 133.

I´o-le, sister of Dryope, 64-65.

I-o´na, or Icolmkill, a small northern island near Scotland, where St. Columba founded a missionary monastery (563 a.d.), 362-366.

I-o´ni-a, coast of Asia Minor, 69.

I-o´ni-an Sea, 31.

Iph-i-ge-ni´a, daughter of Agamemnon, offered as a sacrifice but carried away by Diana, 214, 235.

I´phis, died for love of Anaxarete, 78.

Iph´i-tus, friend of Hercules, killed by him, 147.

Ire´land, 362, 451 ff.

I´ris, goddess of the rainbow, messenger of Juno and Zeus, 6, 71-72, 218, 225, 282.

Iron Age, 15.

I´ron-side, Arthur’s knight, 435.

Is-a-bel´la, daughter of king of Galicia, 449, 742-745, 753, 759.

I´sis, wife of Osiris; described as the giver of death, 292, 293-294.

Isles of the Blessed, 2, 146, 273.

Is´ma-rus, first stop of Ulysses, returning from Trojan War, 236.

Isme´nos, a son of Niobe, slain by Apollo, 113.

I-so´lier, friend of Rinaldo, 661, 662.

I-soude´ the Fair, beloved of Tristram, 451-459, 461, 468, 469-472, 477.

I-soude´ of the White Hands, married to Tristram, 475-477.

Isth´mi-an Games, 155, 174.

See Games.

It´a-ly, 154, 259, 262, 263, 276, 285.

Ith´a-ca, home of Ulysses and Penelope, 184, 212, 236, 253.

I-u´lus, son of Æneas, 276, 277, 283, 287.

I´vo, Saracen king, befriending Rinaldo, 663.

Ix-i´on, once a sovereign of Thessaly, sentenced in Tartarus to be lashed with serpents to a wheel which a strong wind drove continually around, 186, 270.

J

Ja-nic´u-lum, Roman fortress on the Janiculus, a hill on the other side of the Tiber, 281.

Ja´nus, a deity from the earliest times held in high estimation by the Romans, 10, 281;

temple of, 277.

Ja-pan´, 326.

Ja´phet (Iapetus), 18.

Ja´son, leader of the Argonauts, seeking the Golden Fleece, 130-133, 134, 135, 136, 138-139, 151.

Ja´va, 326.

Jo-cas´ta, 124, 182.

Jo´seph of Arimathea, who bore the Holy Graal to Europe, 506.

Jo´tun-heim, home of the giants in Northern mythology, 330, 335, 348.

Jove (Zeus), chief god of Roman and Grecian mythology, 5, 9, 18, 53, 56, 80, 98, 100, 118, 119, 172, 177, 183, 210, 216, 220, 221, 239, 245, 268.

See Jupiter.

Joy´ous Garde, residence of Sir Launcelot of the Lake, 524.

Jug´ger-naut, Hindu deity, 322.

Ju´no, the particular guardian spirit of each woman (See Genius), 11.

Ju´no, wife of Jupiter, queen of the gods, 6, 28-33, 37, 38, 71, 72, 81, 95, 101, 112, 123, 143, 144, 145, 149, 150, 160, 177, 211, 216, 218, 220, 261, 277, 278, 279, 282, 287, 289.

Ju´pi-ter, Jovis-pater, Father Jove; Jupiter and Jove used interchangeably, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, 15, 16, 21, 29-32, 38, 40, 44, 45, 49, 50, 52, 89, 91, 92, 97, 107, 109, 116, 117, 123, 125, 127, 128, 130, 143, 148, 150, 153, 155, 158, 160, 173, 179, 180, 182, 187, 192, 204, 206, 207, 208, 211, 217, 218, 220, 221, 225, 226, 232, 240, 259, 263, 269, 287;

oracle of, at Dodona, 296;

statue of the Olympian, 303.

Ju´pi-ter Am´mon (See Ammon), 296.

Ju´pi-ter Cap´i-to-li´nus, temple of, preserving the Sibylline books, 275.

Jus´tice. See Themis.

K

Ka-dy-ri´ath, advises King Arthur, 564, 571.

Kai, son of Kyner, 570.

Kal´ki, tenth avatar (which See) of Vishnu, 321.

Kay, Arthur’s steward and a knight, 399, 406, 407, 408, 410, 411, 418, 430, 431-432, 435, 440, 460, 481-482, 534, 547-548, 611, 614.

Ke-da´li-on, guide of Orion, 205-206.

Ker´man, desert of, 320.

Kic´va, daughter of Gwynn Gloy, 597-604.

Kil´wich, son of Kilydd, 608-619.

Ki-lydd´, son of Prince Kelyddon, of Wales, 608.

Kneph, spirit or breath, 292.

Knights, training and life of, 368-371.

Kriem´hild, wife of Siegfried, 352, 353.

Krish´na, eighth avatar (which See) of Vishnu, Hindu deity of fertility in nature and mankind, 321.

Ky´ner, father of Kay, 534.

Ky´non, son of Clydno, 534-539.

L

Lab´y-rinth, the enclosed maze of passageways where roamed the Minotaur of Crete, killed by Theseus with aid of Ariadne, 152, 156.

Lach´e-sis, one of the Fates (which See), 9.

Lady of the Fountain, tale told by Kynon, 534-553.

La-er´tes, father of Ulysses, 185.

LÆs-try-go´ni-ans, savages attacking Ulysses, 241.

La´ius, King of Thebes, 123.

La´ma, holy man of Thibet, 327.

Lam-pe´tia, daughter of Hyperion, 244.

La-oc´o-on, a priest of Neptune, in Troy, who warned the Trojans against the Wooden Horse (which See), but when two serpents came out of the sea and strangled him and his two sons, the people listened to the Greek spy Sinon (which See), and brought the fatal Horse into the town, 115, 230.

La-o-da-mi´a, daughter of Acastus and wife of Protesilaus, 214.

La-od´e-gan, King of Carmalide, helped by Arthur and Merlin, 400-403.

La-om´e-don, King of Troy, 207.

Lap´i-thÆ, Thessalonians, whose king had invited the Centaurs to his daughter’s wedding but who attacked them for offering violence to the bride, 127, 166.

La´res, household deities, 11.

Lark´spur, flower from the blood of Ajax, 228.

La-ti´nus, ruler of Latium, where Æneas landed in Italy, 276.

Lat´mos, Mount, where Diana fell in love with Endymion, 204.

La-to´na, mother of Apollo, 6, 36-38, 112, 113.

Launce´lot, the most famous knight of the Round Table, 424-434, 436, 437-444, 446-448, 463, 465-466, 488, 491-494, 502-504, 507-514, 521-525.

Lau´sus, son of Mezentius, killed by Æneas, 278, 285.

La-vin´i-a, daughter of Latinus and wife of Æneas, 276, 287.

La-vin´i-um, Italian city named for Lavinia, 287.

Law. See Themis.

Le-an´der, a youth of Abydos, who, swimming the Hellespont to see Hero, his love, was drowned, 105-106.

Le-ba-de´a, site of the oracle of Trophonius, 298.

Le-byn´thos, Ægean island, 157.

Le´da, Queen of Sparta, wooed by Jupiter in the form of a swan, 109, 158.

Leir, mythical King of Britain, original of Shakespeare’s Lear, 383-384.

Le´laps, dog of Cephalus, 26, 35.

Lem´nos, large island in the Ægean Sea, sacred to Vulcan, 6, 130, 205, 229.

Lem´u-res, the spectres or spirits of the dead, 11.

Le´o, Roman emperor, 409;

Greek prince, 791, 793, 797, 801.

Le´the, river of Hades, drinking whose water caused forgetfulness, 72, 271.

Leu-ca´dia, a promontory, whence Sappho, disappointed in love, was said to have thrown herself into the sea, 203.

Leu-co´the-a, a sea-goddess, invoked by sailors for protection (See Ino), 174.

Lew´is, son of Charlemagne, 825.

Li´ber, ancient god of fruitfulness, 10, 11.

Li-be´thra, burial-place of Orpheus, 187.

Lib´y-a, Greek name for continent of Africa in general, 145.

Lib´y-an Desert, in Africa, 44.

Lib´y-an Oasis, 296.

Li´chas, who brought the shirt of Nessus to Hercules, 148.

Li-mours´, Earl of, 580.

Li´nus, musical instructor of Hercules, 193.

Lion, constellation, 41.

Li´o-nel, knight of the Round Table, 424, 425, 430, 442, 443, 444, 497-501, 510, 512.

Little Bear, constellation, 32-33, 42.

Llyr, King of Britain, 589.

Lo-crine´, son of Brutus in Albion, king of Central England, 381, 382.

Lo-e´gri-a, kingdom of (England), 450, 460, 468, 507.

Lo-ge-stil´la, a wise lady, who entertained Rogero and his friends, 731, 739.

Lo´gi, who vanquished Loki in an eating-contest, 339.

Lo´ki, the Satan of Norse mythology, son of the giant Farbanti, 332, 334, 335, 337, 339, 344-345, 346, 347, 349, 352, 354, 355.

Lo´mond, Lake, 405.

Lon´don, 381, 387, 402, 403-404.

Lot, King, a rebel chief, subdued by King Arthur, then a loyal knight, 403, 405, 407, 414.

Lo´tis, a nymph, changed to a lotus plant and in that form plucked by Dryope (which See), 64.

Lo´tus-Eaters, soothed to indolence; companions of Ulysses landing among them lost all memory of home and had to be dragged away before they would continue their voyage, 237.

Love (Eros) issued from egg of Night, and with arrows and torch produced life and joy, 4.

Lu´can, one of Arthur’s knights, 512, 517-518.

Lu´cius Ti-be´ri-us, Roman procurator in Britain demanding tribute from Arthur, 409.

Lud, British king, whose capital was called Lud’s Town (London), 387.

Lud´gate, city gate where Lud was buried, 387.

Lu´ned, maiden who guided Owain to the Lady of the Fountain, 541-546, 552.

Lyc´a-has, a turbulent sailor, 162.

Ly-ca´on, son of Priam, 222.

Lyc´i-a, a district in Southern Asia Minor, 36, 124, 220.

Lyc-o-me´des, king of the Dolopians, who treacherously slew Theseus, 154, 212.

Ly´cus, usurping King of Thebes, 192.

Lyn´ceus, one of the sons of Ægyptus, 158.

M

Mab-i-no´ge-on, plural of Mabinogi; fairy tales and romances of the Welsh, 527-633.

Ma´bon, son of Modron, 619, 624.

Ma-cha´on, son of Æsculapius, 218, 219, 229.

Ma´dan, son of Guendolen, 382.

Ma´doc, a forester of King Arthur, 554.

Ma´dor, Scottish knight, 445-448.

Mael´gan, king who imprisoned Elphin, 628.

MÆ-o´ni-a, ancient Lydia, 162.

Ma´gi, Persian priests, 319.

Ma-ha-de´va, same as Siva (which See), 322.

Ma-hom´et, great prophet of Arabia, born in Mecca, 571 a.d., proclaimed worship of God instead of idols, spread his religion through disciples and then by force till it prevailed, with Arabian dominion, over vast regions in Asia, Africa, and Spain in Europe, 647.

Ma´ia, daughter of Atlas and Pleione, eldest and most beautiful of the Pleiades. 7.

Mail armour, 372.

Mal-a-gi´gi the Enchanter, one of Charlemagne’s knights, 656, 666, 669-670, 673, 769, 804, 816-819.

Ma-le´a-gans, false knight, 436-441.

Mal-va´si-us, King of Iceland, 407.

Mam-bri´no, with invisible helmet, 780.

Man, creation of, 12.

Man-a-wyd´dan, brother of King Vran, of London, 589, 596, 597-605.

Man-dri-car´do, son of Agrican, 698-701, 753-755, 760, 765.

Man´tu-a, in Italy, birthplace of Virgil, 308.

Ma´nu, ancestor of mankind, 321.

Mar´a-thon, where Theseus and Pirithous met, 153.

Mark, King of Cornwall, husband of Isoude the Fair, 449, 450, 452, 468, 471.

Mar´mo-ra, Sea of, 106.

Ma´ro. See Virgil.

Mar-phi´sa, sister of Rogero, 765-768.

Mars, 6, 94, 107, 131, 216, 224.

Mar-sil´i-us, Spanish king, treacherous foe of Charlemagne, 801-813.

Mar´sy-as, inventor of the flute, who challenged Apollo to musical competition, and, defeated, was flayed alive, 193.

Mats´ya, the Fish, first avatar (which See) of Vishnu, 321.

Me-an´der, Grecian river, 44, 156.

Me-de´a, princess and sorceress who aided Jason, 117, 131, 132, 134-137, 151, 152.

Med-i-ter-ra´ne-an Sea, 1, 233.

Me-do´ro, a young Moor, who wins Angelica, 745-752.

Me-du´sa, one of the Gorgons (which See), 116-117, 124.

Me-gÆ´ra, one of the Furies (which See), 9.

Meg´a-ra, 98.

Me-lam´pus, a Spartan dog, 35;

the first mortal endowed with prophetic powers, 193-194.

Me-lan´thus, steersman for Bacchus, 162.

Me-le-a´ger, one of the Argonauts (See AlthÆa), 138-141.

Mel-i-a´dus, King of Lionesse, near Cornwall, 449.

Mel´i-cer´tes, infant son of Ino, changed to PalÆmon (See Ino, Leucothea, and PalÆmon), 174.

Me-lis´sa, priestess at Merlin’s tomb, 716, 727-731, 738, 779.

Me-lis´se-us, a Cretan king, 179.

Mel-pom´e-ne, one of the Muses (which See), 8.

Mem´non, the beautiful son of Tithonus and Eos (Aurora), and king of the Ethiopians, slain in Trojan War, 120, 207, 208, 227.

Mem´phis, Egyptian city, 295, 299.

Men-e-la´us, son of King of Sparta, husband of Helen, 212, 213, 219, 221, 232, 233, 289.

Men-oe´ceus, son of Creon, voluntary victim in war to gain success for his father, 183.

Men´tor, son of Alcimus and a faithful friend of Ulysses, 246.

Mer´cu-ry (See Hermes), 7, 13, 29-31, 49, 56, 89, 116, 123, 129, 147, 192, 214, 226, 242, 245, 251, 263, 301.

Mer´lin, enchanter, 389-393, 397, 399, 400, 401-403, 412, 413, 424, 467, 475, 715.

Mer´o-pe, daughter of King of Chios, beloved by Orion, 205.

Mes´mer-ism, likened to curative oracle of Æsculapius at Epidaurus, 298.

Met´a-bus, father of Camilla, 278.

Met´a-mor´pho-ses, Ovid’s poetical legends of mythical transformations, a large source of our knowledge of classic mythology, 309.

Met-a-ni´ra, a mother, kind to Ceres seeking Proserpine, 54.

Me-temp´sy-cho´sis, transmigration of souls—rebirth of dying men and women in forms of animals or human beings, 272.

Me´tis, Prudence, a spouse of Jupiter, 5.

Me-zen´ti-us, a brave but cruel soldier, opposing Æneas in Italy, 278, 281, 285, 286.

Mi´das, 46-48.

Mid´gard, the middle world of the Norsemen, 329, 330, 348.

Mid´gard serpent, a sea-monster, child of Loki, 332, 344, 349.

Milky Way, starred path across the sky, believed to be road to palace of the gods, 15.

Mi´lo, a great athlete, 292.

Mi´lon, father of Orlando, 656.

Mil´ton, John, great English poet, whose History of England is here largely used, 378.

Mi´me, one of the chief dwarfs of ancient German mythology, 354, 356.

Mi-ner´va (Athene), daughter of Jupiter, patroness of health, learning, and wisdom, 3, 4, 7, 13, 50, 53, 107-111, 116, 117, 123, 124, 125, 147, 153, 154, 157, 183, 193, 211, 216, 229, 230, 235, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 254;

statue of, 304.

Mi´nos, King of Crete, 95, 98-100, 152, 154, 156, 165, 268.

Min´o-taur, monster killed by Theseus, 152.

Mis´tle-toe, fatal to Baldur, 344, 360.

Mne-mos´y-ne, one of the Muses (which See), 4, 8.

Modesty, statue to, 184.

Mo´dred, nephew of King Arthur, 395, 409, 508, 515-518.

Mo´ly, plant, powerful against sorcery, 242.

Mo´mus, a deity whose delight was to jeer bitterly at gods and men, 9.

Mon´ad, the “unit” of Pythagoras, 289.

Monsters, unnatural beings, evilly disposed to men, 122-129.

Mont-al´ban, Rinaldo’s castle, 664.

Month, the, attendant upon the Sun, 39.

Moon, 3, 5, 41, 43;

goddess of, see Diana.

Mo-raunt´, knight, an Irish champion, 450, 468.

Mor-ga´na, enchantress, the Lady of the Lake in “Orlando Furioso,” same as Morgane Le Fay in tales of Arthur, 414, 689, 690-692, 869.

Mor-gane´ le Fay, Queen of Norway, King Arthur’s sister, an enchantress, 426-427, 521.

Mor´gan Tud, Arthur’s chief physician, 566.

Mor´pheus, son of Sleep and god of dreams, 72, 73.

Morte d’Arthur, romance, by Sir Thomas Mallory, 378.

Mul´ci-ber, Latin name of Vulcan, 10.

Mull, Island of, 362.

Mu´nin, one of Odin’s two ravens, 130.

Mu-sÆ´us, sacred poet, son of Orpheus, 194.

Mu´ses, The, nine goddesses presiding over poetry, etc.—Calliope, epic poetry; Clio, history; Erato, love poetry; Euterpe, lyric poetry; Melpomene, tragedy; Polyhymnia, oratory and sacred song; Terpsichore, choral song and dance; Thalia, comedy and idyls; Urania, astronomy, 3, 8, 43, 124, 126, 187, 193.

Mus´pel-heim, the fire-world of the Norsemen, 349.

My-ce´nÆ, ancient Grecian city, of which Agamemnon was king, 213, 235.

Myrd´din (Merlin), 531.

Myr´mi-dons, bold soldiers of Achilles, 95-98, 219.

Mys´i-a, Greek district on northwest coast of Asia Minor, 130, 133.

Mythology, origin of, collected myths, describing gods of early peoples, 300-303.

N

Na´iads, water-nymphs, 36, 45, 167, 174, 178, 209.

Na´mo, Duke of Bavaria, one of Charlemagne’s knights, 656, 827 ff.

Nan´na, wife of Baldur, 347.

Nan´ters, British king, 403.

Nantes, site of Caradoc’s castle, 419.

Na´pe, a dog of Diana, 35.

Nar-cis´sus, who died of unsatisfied love for his own image in the water, 101-103.

Nau-sic´a-a, daughter of King AlcinoÜs, who befriended Ulysses, 248, 249.

Nau-sith´o-us, king of PhÆacians, 247, 248.

Nax´os, Island of, 152, 163, 165.

Ne´gus, King of Abyssinia, 328.

Ne-me´a, forest devastated by a lion killed by Hercules, 144, 155.

Ne-me´an Games, held in honor of Jupiter and Hercules, 155.

Ne-me´an Lion, killed by Hercules, 144.

Nem´e-sis, goddess of vengeance, 9.

Nen´ni-us, British combatant of CÆsar, 387.

Ne-op-tol´e-mus, son of Achilles, 233.

Ne-pen´the, ancient drug to cause forgetfulness of pain or distress, 233.

Neph´e-le, mother of Phryxus and Helle, 34, 129.

Neph´thys, Egyptian goddess, 294.

Nep´tune, identical with Poseidon, god of the sea, 4, 5, 16, 44, 107, 109, 132, 144, 154, 171, 172, 173, 174, 190, 199, 205, 216, 217, 218, 223, 230, 244, 252, 261, 264, 297, 379.

Ne´re-ids, sea-nymphs, daughters of Nereus and Doris, 44, 167, 173, 196.

Ne´re-us, a sea-god, 44, 173, 174, 209.

Nes´sus, a centaur killed by Hercules, whose jealous wife sent him a robe or shirt steeped in the blood of Nessus, which poisoned him, 147.

Nes´tor, king of Pylos, renowned for his wisdom, justice, and knowledge of war, 130, 138, 139, 208, 213, 217, 218, 219, 353.

Ni´be-lun´gen Hoard, treasure seized by Siegfried from the Nibelungs, buried in the Rhine by Hagan after killing Siegfried, and lost when Hagan was killed by Kriemhild; theme of Wagner’s four music-dramas, “The Ring of the Nibelungen,” 353.

Ni´be-lun´gen Lied, German epic, giving the same nature-myth as the Norse Volsunga Saga, concerning the Hoard, 352, 354.

Ni´be-lun´gen Ring, Wagner’s music-dramas, 354-357.

Ni´be-lungs, the, a race of Northern dwarfs, 353, 354.

Nid´hogge, a serpent in the lower world that lives on the dead, 330.

Niffle´heim, mist world of the Norsemen; the Hades of absent spirits, 330, 333, 335, 348.

Night, 4, 42, 208.

Nile, Egyptian river, 31, 44.

Nim´rod, tower of, 301.

Ni´nus, Tomb of, 24.

Ni´o-be, daughter of Tantalus, proud Queen of Thebes, whose seven sons and seven daughters were killed by Apollo and Diana, at which Amphion, her husband, killed himself, and Niobe wept until she was turned to stone, 111-115.

Ni´sus, King of Megara, 98-101, 282, 283, 284.

No´ah, as legendary ancestor of French, Roman, German, and British peoples, 379.

No´man, name assumed by Ulysses, 239.

Norns, the three Scandinavian Fates, Urdur (the past), Verdandi (the present), and Skuld (the future), 330.

Northern Mythology, 328-357.

No´thung, magic sword, 355, 356.

No´tus, southwest wind, 176.

Nox, daughter of Chaos and sister of Erebus; personification of night, 4.

Nu´ma, second king of Rome, 11, 175.

Nymphs, beautiful maidens, lesser divinities of nature: Dryads and Hamadryads, tree-nymphs; Naiads, spring-, brook-, and river-nymphs; Nereids, sea-nymphs; Oreads, mountain-or hill-nymphs, 44, 79, 208.

Ny-sÆ´an nymphs, 160.

O

Ocean, 2, 44, 273.

O-ce´a-nus, a Titan, ruling watery elements, 4, 32, 59, 172, 174.

O-cyr´o-e, a prophetess, daughter of Chiron, 127.

Od´e-ric, 743.

O´din, chief of the Norse gods, 329, 330, 331, 344, 347, 349, 351.

Od´yar, famous Biscayan hero, 570.

O-dys´seus. See Ulysses.

Od´ys-sey, Homer’s poem, relating the wanderings of Odysseus (Ulysses) on returning from Trojan War, 3, 227, 236.

Œd´i-pus, Theban hero, who guessed the riddle of the Sphinx (which See), becoming King of Thebes, 123-124, 182.

Ϋneus, King of Calydon, 138, 140.

Œ-no´ne, nymph, married by Paris in his youth, and abandoned for Helen, 229.

Œ-no´pi-on, King of Chios, 205.

Œ´ta, Mount, scene of Hercules’ death, 148.

O-gier´, the Dane, one of the paladins of Charlemagne, 653-654, 656, 848-872.

Ol´i-ver, companion of Orlando, 657, 659-660, 783-788, 789.

Ol´wen, wife of Kilwich, 609, 615.

O-lym´pia, a small plain in Elis, where the Olympic games were celebrated, 155.

O-lym´pi-ads, periods between Olympic games (four years), 155.

O-lym´pi-an games, 155.

See Games.

O-lym´pus, dwelling-place of the dynasty of gods of which Zeus was the head, 1, 3, 5, 43, 94, 218, 280.

Om´pha-le, queen of Lydia, daughter of Iardanus and wife of Tmolus, 147.

O-phi´on, king of the Titans, who ruled Olympus till dethroned by the gods Saturn and Rhea, 4, 5.

Ops. See Rhea.

Or´a-cles, answers from the gods to questions from seekers for knowledge or advice for the future, usually in equivocal form, so as to fit any event; also places where such answers were given forth, usually by a priest or priestess, 296-300.

Orc, a sea-monster, foiled by Rogero when about to devour Angelica, 732-735.

O´re-ads, nymphs of mountains and hills, 167, 170.

O-res´tes, son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra; because of his crime in killing his mother, he was pursued by the Furies until purified by Minerva, 234, 235.

O-ri´on, youthful giant, loved by Diana; Constellation, 122, 205-206.

Or-i-thy´i-a, a nymph, seized by Boreas, 176.

Or-lan´do, a famous knight and nephew of Charlemagne, 656-658, 659-660, 666, 667, 668, 669, 674-675, 676, 678-683, 685-693, 704, 705, 737, 740, 742-745, 753-759, 763, 773, 782, 783-788, 789-792, 803-813.

Or´muzd (Greek, Oromasdes), son of Supreme Being, source of good as his brother Ahriman (Arimanes) was of evil, in Persian or Zoroastrian religion, 318.

Or´pheus, musician, son of Apollo and Calliope, 130, 133, 158, 185-188, 191, 194, 271.

See Eurydice.

O-si´ris, the most beneficent of the Egyptian gods, 292, 293-294.

Os´sa, mountain of Thessaly, 43, 123.

Os´sian, Celtic poet of the second or third century, 361.

Ov´id, Latin poet (See Metamorphoses), 98, 275, 289, 308.

O-wain´, knight at King Arthur’s court, 534, 539-546, 548-549, 550-553.

O-zan´na, a knight of Arthur, 435.

P

Pac-to´lus, river whose sands were changed to gold by Midas (which See), 47.

PÆ´on, a name for both Apollo and Æsculapius, gods of medicine, 174.

Pa´gans, heathen, 12.

Pal´a-dins or peers, knights errant, 656.

Pa-lÆ´mon, son of Athamas and Ino (which See), 174.

Pal-a-me´des, messenger sent to call Ulysses to the Trojan War, 212.

Pal-a-me´des, Saracen prince at Arthur’s court, 451, 455, 464, 472, 474, 510.

Pal´a-tine, one of Rome’s Seven Hills, 281.

Pa´les, goddess presiding over cattle and pastures, 10, 11.

Pal-i-nu´rus, faithful steersman of Æneas, 264, 267.

Pal-la´di-um, properly any image of Pallas Athene, but specially applied to an image at Troy, which was stolen by Ulysses and Diomedes, 229, 232.

Pal´las, son of Evander, 279, 280, 281, 282, 286, 287.

Pal´las A-the´ne (Minerva), 7, 81, 224, 249.

Pam´pha-gus, a dog of Diana, 35.

Pan, god of nature and the universe, 9, 30, 31, 47, 76, 166-168.

Pan-ath-e-nÆ´a, festival in honor of Pallas Athene (Minerva), 154.

Pan-de´an Pipes, musical instrument of reeds, made by Pan in memory of Syrinx (which See).

Pan-do´ra (all-gifted), first woman, dowered with gifts by every god, yet entrusted with a box she was cautioned not to open; but, curious, she opened it, and out flew all the ills of humanity, leaving behind only Hope, which remained, 13-14, 17, 18.

Pan-dra´sus, a king in Greece, who persecuted Trojan exiles under Brutus, great-grandson of Æneas, until they fought, captured him, and, with his daughter Imogen as Brutus’ wife, emigrated to Albion (later called Britain), 379-380.

Pan´o-pe, plain of, 92, 113.

Pan´thus, alleged earlier incarnation of Pythagoras, 289.

Paph´la-go´ni-a, ancient country in Asia Minor, south of Black Sea, 208.

Pa´phos, daughter of Pygmalion and Galatea (both of which, See), 63, 66.

Par´cÆ. See Fates.

Pa-ri´ahs, lowest caste of Hindus, 324.

Par´is, son of Priam and Hecuba, who eloped with Helen (which See), 211, 212, 213, 216, 218, 228, 229, 232, 261, 405.

Par-nas-sian laurel, wreath from Parnassus, crown awarded to successful poets, 47.

Par-nas´sus, mountain near Delphi, sacred to Apollo and the Muses, 16, 19, 20, 43, 297.

Par´sees, Persian fire-worshippers (Zoroastrians), of whom there are still thousands in Persia and India, 320.

Par´the-non, the temple of Athene Parthenos (“the Virgin”) on the Acropolis of Athens, 155, 304.

Passe-breul´, Tristram’s horse, 462.

Pa-tro´clus, friend of Achilles, killed by Hector, 218, 219, 220, 221, 225.

Pe´cheur, King, uncle of Perceval, 483.

Peers, the, 656.

Peg´a-sus, winged horse, born from the sea-foam and the blood of Medusa, 124-126.

Pe´leus, king of the Myrmidons, father of Achilles by Thetis, 138, 173, 211.

Pe´li-as, usurping uncle of Jason, 130, 132, 136, 180.

Pe´li-on, mountain, 123, 133.

Pel´le-as, knight of Arthur, 435.

Pe-na´tes, protective household deities of the Romans, 11.

Pen´drag-on, King of Britain, elder brother of Uther-Pendragon (which See), who succeeded him, 389-390, 394, 396, 397.

Pe-nel´o-pe, wife of Ulysses, who, waiting twenty years for his return from the Trojan War, put off the suitors for her hand by promising to choose one when her weaving was done, but unravelled at night what she had woven by day, 77, 184, 185, 212, 254, 256.

Pe-ne´us, river god, 20;

river, 144.

Pen-the-si-le´a, queen of Amazons, 228.

Pen´the-us, king of Thebes; having resisted the introduction of the worship of Bacchus into his kingdom, was driven mad by the god, 94, 161, 164.

Pe´nus, Roman house pantry, giving name to the Penates, 11.

Pep´in, father of Charlemagne, 650.

Pep´lus, sacred robe of Minerva, 155.

Per´ce-val, a great knight of Arthur, 479-485, 494-497, 504-506, 507, 570.

Per´dix, inventor of saw and compasses, 157.

Per´i-an´der, King of Corinth, friend of Arion, 195-198.

Per-i-phe´tes, son of Vulcan, killed by Theseus, 151.

Per-seph´o-ne, goddess of vegetation, 8.

See Proserpine.

Per´seus, son of Jupiter and DanaË, slayer of the Gorgon Medusa, deliverer of Andromeda from a sea-monster, 116-122, 124, 202.

PhÆ-a´ci-ans, people who entertained Ulysses, 247-253.

PhÆ´dra, faithless and cruel wife of Theseus, 153-154.

Pha-Ë-thu´sa, sister of PhaËton, 244.

Pha-Ë-ton, son of Phoebus, who dared attempt to drive his father’s sun-chariot, 38-45.

Phan´ta-sos, a son of Somnus, bringing strange images to sleeping men, 72.

Pha´on, beloved by Sappho, 203.

Phe´lot, knight of Wales, 433-434.

Pher´e-din, friend of Tristram, unhappy lover of Isoude, 457, 458.

Phid´i-as, famous Greek sculptor, 303, 304, 305.

Phi-le´mon, husband of Baucis (which See), 49-51.

Phil-oc-te´tes, warrior who lighted the fatal pyre of Hercules, 148, 229.

Phil´o-e, burial-place of Osiris, 294.

Phin´e-us, betrothed to Andromeda, 120-121, 130, 131, 259.

Phleg´e-thon, fiery river of Hades, 269.

Pho´cis, 234, 235, 297.

Phoe´be, one of the sisters of PhaËton, 91.

Phoe´bus (Apollo), god of music, prophecy, and archery, the sun-god, 6, 22, 34, 38, 39-41, 68, 71, 92, 220.

Phoe-ni´cia, 91, 233, 294, 301.

Phoe-ni´ci-ans, 94, 296, 358.

Phoe´nix, a messenger to Achilles, 217;

also, a miraculous bird, dying in fire by its own act and springing up alive from its own ashes, 310-312.

Phor´bas, a companion of Æneas, whose form was assumed by Neptune in luring Palinuras the helmsman from his post, 264.

Phryg´i-a, 48, 49, 112, 160.

Phryx´us, brother of Helle (which See), 130.

Pin´a-bel, knight, 713.

Pillars of Hercules, two mountains—Cal´pÈ, now the Rock of Gibraltar, southwest corner of Spain in Europe, and Ab´y-la, facing it in Africa across the strait, 145.

Pin´dar, famous Greek poet, 273.

Pin´dus, Grecian mountain, 43.

Pi-re´ne, celebrated fountain at Corinth, 125.

Pi-rith´o-us, king of the LapithÆ in Thessaly, and friend of Theseus, husband of Hippodamia (which See), 127, 138, 153, 158, 166.

Pleasure, daughter of Cupid and Psyche, 89.

Ple´ia-des, seven of Diana’s nymphs, changed into stars, one being lost, 206, 208.

Plenty, the Horn of, 178-179.

Plex-ip´pus, brother of Althea, 139.

Plin´y, Roman naturalist, 313, 315, 317.

Plu´to, the same as Hades, Dis, etc.; god of the Infernal Regions, 5, 8, 9, 52-56, 58, 88, 127, 135, 147, 153, 180, 186, 265, 267.

Plu´tus, god of wealth, 9.

Po, Italian river, 271.

Pole-star, 33.

Po-li´tes, youngest son of Priam of Troy, 232.

Pol´lux, Castor and (Dioscuri, the Twins) (See Castor), 133, 158-159, 202, 203.

Pol-y-dec´tes, king of Seriphus, 116, 202.

Pol-y-do´re, slain kinsman of Æneas; whose blood nourished a bush that bled when broken, 258.

Pol-y-hym´ni-a, Muse of oratory and sacred song, 8.

Po-ly´i-dus, soothsayer, 125.

Pol-y-ni´ces, King of Thebes, 182, 183.

Pol-y-phe´mus, giant son of Neptune, 173, 209, 237, 238, 260.

Po-lyx´e-na, daughter of King Priam of Troy, 228, 232.

Po-mo´na, goddess of fruit-trees (See Vertumnus), 10, 11, 26, 76-79.

Por´rex and Fer´rex, sons of Leir, King of Britain, 385.

Por-tu´nus, Roman name for PalÆmon (which See), 174.

Po-sei´don (Neptune), ruler of the ocean, 5.

Poverty, 266.

Prec´i-pice, threshold of Helas hall, 333.

Pres´ter John, a rumored priest or presbyter, a Christian pontiff in Upper Asia, believed in but never found, 327-328.

Pri´am, king of Troy, 207, 213, 223, 224, 225, 226, 228, 232.

Pri´wen, Arthur’s shield, 400.

Pro´cris, beloved but jealous wife of Cephalus, 26-28.

Pro-crus´tes, who seized travellers and bound them on his iron bed, stretching the short ones and cutting short the tall; thus also himself served by Theseus, 151.

Proe´tus, jealous of Bellerophon, 125.

Pro-me´theus, creator of man, who stole fire from heaven for man’s use, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 173.

Pros´er-pine, the same as Persephone, goddess of all growing things, daughter of Ceres, carried off by Pluto, 8, 11, 53-57, 88, 134 n., 147, 186, 265, 266.

Pro-tes-i-la´us, slain by Hector the Trojan, allowed by the gods to return for three hours’ talk with his widow Laodomia, 214.

Pro´teus, the old man of the sea, 60, 173, 190-191.

Pru´dence (Metis), spouse of Jupiter, 5.

Pry´deri, son of Pwyll, 597-607.

Psy´che, a beautiful maiden, personification of the human soul, sought by Cupid (Love), to whom she responded, lost him by curiosity to see him (as he came to her only by night), but finally through his prayers was made immortal and restored to him; a symbol of immortality, 80-91.

Pu-ra´nas, Hindu Scriptures, 322.

Pwyll, Prince of Dyved, 583-588.

Pyg-ma´li-on, sculptor in love with a statue he had made, brought to life by Venus, 62-63;

brother of Queen Dido, 262.

Pyg´mies, nation of dwarfs, at war with the Cranes, 128.

Py´la-des, son of Straphius, friend of Orestes, 234.

Pyr´a-mus, who loved Thisbe, next-door neighbor, and, their parents opposing, they talked through cracks in the house-wall, agreeing to meet in the near-by woods; where Pyramus, finding a bloody veil and thinking Thisbe slain, killed himself, and she, seeing his body, killed herself. (Burlesqued in Shakespeare’s “Midsummer Night’s Dream”), 23-26.

Pyr´rha, wife of Deucalion (which See), 16-17.

Pyr´rhus (Neoptolemus), son of Achilles, 232.

Py-thag´o-ras, Greek philosopher (540 b.c.), who thought numbers to be the essence and principle of all things, and taught transmigration of souls of the dead into new life as human or animal beings, 288.

Pyth´i-a, priestess of Apollo at Delphi, 297.

Pyth´i-an Games, 19, 155.

Pyth´i-an Oracle, 84.

Py´thon, serpent springing from Deluge slum, destroyed by Apollo, 19.

Q

Qui-ri´nus (from quiris, a lance or spear), a war god, said to be Romulus, founder of Rome, 10.

R

Rab´i-can, noted horse, 684, 685, 730, 739, 740, 741, 766.

Rag-na-rok´, the twilight (or ending) of the gods, 348-349.

Raj´puts, minor Hindu caste, 324.

Re´gan, daughter of Leir, 383-384.

Re-gil´lus, lake in Latium, noted for battle fought near by between the Romans and the Latins, 158.

Reg´gi-o, family from which Rogero sprang, 698.

Re´mus, brother of Romulus, founder of Rome, 287.

Rhad-a-man´thus, son of Jupiter and Europa, after his death one of the judges in the lower world, 269, 273.

Rhap´so-dist, professional reciter of poems among the Greeks, 307.

Rhe´a, female Titan, wife of Saturn (Cronos), mother of the chief gods, worshipped in Greece and Rome, 4, 5, 8, 143, 161, 179.

Rhine, river, 353, 355, 357.

Rhine-maidens, or daughters, three water-nymphs, Flosshilda, Woglinda, and Wellgunda, set to guard the Nibelungen Hoard (which See), buried in the Rhine, 354, 355.

Rhodes, one of the seven cities claiming to be Homer’s birthplace, 307.

Rho´do-pe, mountain in Thrace, 43.

Rhon´gom-yant, Arthur’s lance, 612.

Rhoe´cus, a youth, beloved by a Dryad, but who brushed away a bee sent by her to call him to her, and she punished him with blindness, 172.

Rhi-an´non, wife of Pwyll, 584-588.

Ri-nal´do, one of the bravest knights of Charlemagne, 653, 656, 660-664, 668, 670-672, 673, 683-686, 692-693, 695, 703, 705, 708-711, 745, 768-769, 780-781, 789-792, 814-825.

River Ocean, flowing around the earth, 2.

Robert de Beau-vais´, Norman poet (1257), 377.

Rob´in Hood, famous outlaw in English legend, about time of Richard Coeur de Lion, 643-646.

Rock´ing-ham, forest of, 399.

Ro´do-mont, king of Algiers, 693, 695-697, 761.

Ro-ge´ro, noted Saracen knight, 693-698, 702, 721-727, 728-731, 733, 740, 764, 765, 779-781, 788-801.

Ro´land (Orlando), 651-652, 653. See Orlando.

Romances, 374-378.

Ro-ma´nus, legendary great-grandson of Noah, 379.

Rome, 262, 287, 298.

Rom´u-lus, founder of Rome, 10, 287.

Ron, Arthur’s lance, 400.

Ronces-valles´, battle of, 651-652, 801-803.

Round Table, King Arthur’s, instituted by Merlin the Sage for Pendragon, Arthur’s father, as a knightly order, continued and made famous by Arthur and his knights, 396, 397, 410, 467.

Ru´nic characters, or runes, alphabetic signs used by early Teutonic peoples, written or graved on metal or stone, 330, 350.

Ru-tu´li-ans, an ancient people in Italy, subdued at an early period by the Romans, 276, 279, 281, 282.

Ry´ence, king in Ireland, 401.

S.

Sa´bra, maiden for whom Severn River was named, daughter of Locrine and Estrildis, thrown into river Severn by Locrine’s wife, transformed to a river-nymph, poetically named Sabrina, 174, 381.

Sac´ri-pant, king of Circassia, 674-676, 706-710.

Saf´fire, Sir, knight of Arthur, 510.

Sa´gas, Norse tales of heroism, composed by the Skalds (which See), 351-357.

Sa-git-ta´ri-us, 128.

Sag´ra-mour, knight of Arthur, 432.

St. John, 772-777.

St. Michael’s Mount, precipitous pointed rock-hill on the coast of Brittany, opposite Cornwall, 410.

Sak-ya-sin´ha, the Lion, epithet applied to Buddha, 325.

Sal´a-man´der, a lizard-like animal, fabled to be able to live in fire, 316-317.

Sal´a-mis, Grecian city, 79, 307.

Sal-mo´neus, son of Æolus and Enarete, and brother of Sisyphus, 269.

Sal´o-mon, king of Brittany, at Charlemagne’s court, 656.

Samh´in, or “fire of peace,” a Druidical festival, 359.

Sa´mi-an sage (Pythagoras), 288.

Sa´mos, island in the Ægean Sea, 157, 288.

Sam-o-thra´cian gods, a group of agricultural divinities, worshipped in Samothrace, 158.

Sam´son, Hebrew hero, thought by some to be original of Hercules, 301.

San-greal (See Graal, the Holy), 486.

Sapph´o, Greek poetess, who leaped into the sea from promontory of Leucadia, in disappointed love for Phaon, 38, 203.

Sa´ra-cens, followers of Mahomet, 648.

Sar-pe´don, son of Jupiter and Europa, killed by Patroclus, 213, 220.

Sat´urn (Cronos), 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 276, 280, 281, 301.

Sat´ur-na´li-a, annual festival held by Romans in honor of Saturn, 9.

Sa-tur´ni-a, an ancient name of Italy, 281.

Sa´tyrs, male divinities of the forest, half man, half goat, 9, 10, 76.

Scal´i-ger, famous German scholar of 16th century, 313.

Scan-di-na´vi-a, mythology of, giving account of Northern gods, heroes, etc., 328-351.

Sche´ri-a, mythical island, abode of the PhÆacians, 243.

Schrim´nir, the boar, cooked nightly for the heroes of Valhalla, becoming whole every morning, 331.

Sci´o, one of the island cities claiming to be Homer’s birthplace, 307.

Sco´pas, King of Thessaly, 202, 203.

Scor´pion, constellation, 41, 43.

Scyl´la, sea-nymph beloved by Glaucus, but changed by jealous Circe to a monster and finally to a dangerous rock on the Sicilian coast, facing the whirlpool Charybdis, many mariners being wrecked between the two, 59-61, 243-245, 261;

also, daughter of King Nisus of Megara, who loved Minos, besieging her father’s city, but he disliked her disloyalty and drowned her, 98-101;

also, a fair virgin of Sicily, friend of sea-nymph Galatea, 209-210.

Scy´ros, where Theseus was slain, 154.

Scyth´i-a, country lying north of Euxine Sea, 31, 43, 129, 170.

Sea, the, 1.

Sea-nymphs, 120, 209.

Sea´sons, 3, 6.

Sem´e-le, daughter of Cadmus and, by Jupiter, mother of Bacchus, 8, 94, 160.

Se-mir´a-mis, with Ninus the mythical founder of the Assyrian empire of Nineveh, 23.

Sen´a-pus, King of Abyssinia, who entertained Astolpho, 770.

Se-ra´pis, or Hermes, Egyptian divinity of Tartarus and of medicine, 293, 295.

Serfs, slaves of the land, 371.

Se-ri´phus, island in the Ægean Sea; one of the Cyclades, 116, 202.

Serpent (Northern constellation), 42.

Ses´tos, dwelling of Hero (which See, also Leander), 105.

“Seven against Thebes,” famous Greek expedition, 182.

Sev´ern river, in England, 382.

Sev´i-nus, Duke of Guienne, 825.

Sha-lott´, the Lady of, 441 ff.

Sha-tri´ya, Hindu warrior caste, 323, 324.

Sher´as-min, French chevalier, 833-846.

Sib´yl, prophetess of CumÆ, 265, 266-275.

Si-chÆ´us, husband of Dido (which See), 262.

Sic´i-ly, 55, 56, 58, 61, 195, 209, 260, 261, 264.

Siege Per´i-lous, the chair of purity at Arthur’s Round Table, fatal to any but him who was destined to achieve the quest of the Sangreal (See Galahad), 488.

Sieg´fried, young King of the Netherlands, husband of Kriemhild; she boasted to Brunhild that Siegfried had aided GÜnther to beat her in athletic contests, thus winning her as wife, and Brunhild, in anger, employed Hagan to murder Siegfried. As hero of Wagner’s “Valkyrie,” he wins the Nibelungen treasure-ring, loves and deserts Brunhild, and is slain by Hagan, 352, 353, 355, 356-357.

Sieg-lin´da, wife of Hunding, mother of Siegfried by Siegmund, 355, 356-357.

Sieg´mund, father of Siegfried, 355.

Sig´tryg, Prince, betrothed of King Alef’s daughter, aided by Hereward, 642.

Si-gu´na, wife of Loki, 347.

Si-le´nus, a Satyr, school-master of Bacchus, 46.

Si-lu´res (South Wales), 375, 394.

Silver Age, 14.

Sil´vi-a, daughter of Latin shepherd, 277.

Sil´vi-us, grandson of Æneas, accidentally killed in the chase by his son Brutus, 379.

Si-mon´i-des, an early poet of Greece, 201-203.

Si´non, a Greek spy, who persuaded the Trojans to take the Wooden Horse (which See) into their city, 230, 231.

Si´rens, sea-nymphs, whose singing charmed mariners to leap into the sea; passing their island, Ulysses stopped the ears of his sailors with wax, and had himself bound to the mast so that he could hear but not yield to their music, 242.

Sir´i-us, the dog of Orion, changed to the Dog-star, 206.

Sis´y-phus, condemned in Tartarus to perpetually roll up hill a big rock which, when the top was reached, rolled down again, 186, 270.

Si´va, the Destroyer, third person of the Hindu triad of gods, 320, 322.

Skalds, Norse bards and poets, 350.

Skid-blad´nir, Freyr’s ship, 348.

Skir´nir, Frey’s messenger, who won the god’s magic sword by getting him Gerda for his wife, 336.

Skry´mir, a giant, Utgard Loki (which See) in disguise, who fooled Thor in athletic feats, 337.

Skuld, the Norn of the Future, 330.

Sleep, twin brother of Death, 220.

Sleip´nir, Odin’s horse, 345.

So-bri´no, councillor to Agramant, 693, 784-785, 789.

Som´nus, child of Nox, twin brother of Mors, god of sleep, 71-72, 264.

Soph´o-cles, Greek tragic dramatist, 235.

South wind. See Notus.

Spar´ta, capital of LacedÆmon, 158, 212, 233.

Sphinx, a monster, waylaying the road to Thebes and propounding riddles to all passers, on pain of death for wrong guessing, who killed herself in rage when Ædipus guessed aright, 122, 123-124.

Spring, 39, 56.

Stone´henge, circle of huge upright stones, fabled to be sepulchre of Pendragon, 397.

Stro´phi-us, father of Pylades, 234.

Styg´i-an realm, Hades, 186.

Styg´i-an sleep, escaped from the beauty-box sent from Hades to Venus by hand of Psyche, who curiously opened the box and was plunged into unconsciousness, 89.

Styx, river, bordering Hades, to be crossed by all the dead, 160, 228.

Su´dras, Hindu laboring caste, 323, 324.

Summer, 39.

Sun, 3, 5, 39, 311.

Sur´tur, leader of giants against the gods in the day of their destruction (Norse mythology), 349.

Sur´ya, Hindu god of the sun, corresponding to the Greek Helios, 321.

Su´tri, Orlando’s birthplace, 656.

Sva-dil-fa´ri, giant’s horse, 334, 335.

Swan, Leda and, 158.

Syb´a-ris, Greek city in Southern Italy, famed for luxury, 292.

Syl-va´nus, Latin divinity identified with Pan, 76, 166.

Sym-pleg´a-des, floating rocks passed by the Argonauts, 131.

Sy´rinx, nymph, pursued by Pan, but escaping by being changed to a bunch of reeds (See Pandean pipes), 30.

T

Tac´i-tus, Roman historian, 311.

TÆn´a-rus, Greek entrance to lower regions, 186.

Ta´gus, river in Spain and Portugal, 44.

Tal´ie-sin, Welsh bard, 531, 627-633.

Tan´a-is, ancient name of river Don, 44.

Tan´ta-lus, wicked king, punished in Hades by standing in water that retired when he would drink, under fruit-trees that withdrew when he would eat, 112, 186, 270.

Tar´chon, Etruscan chief, 282.

Ta-ren´tum, Italian city, 197.

Tar-pe´ian rock, in Rome, from which condemned criminals were hurled, 280.

Tar´quins, a ruling family in early Roman legend, 275.

Tau´ris, Grecian city, site of temple of Diana (See Iphigenia), 214, 234.

Tau´rus, a mountain, 43.

Tar´ta-rus, place of confinement of Titans, etc., originally a black abyss below Hades; later, represented as place where the wicked were punished, and sometimes the name used as synonymous with Hades, 5, 44, 52, 53, 73, 186, 187, 269, 293.

Teir´tu, the harp of, 618.

Tel´a-mon, Greek hero and adventurer, father of Ajax, 98, 138, 139.

Te-lem´a-chus, son of Ulysses and Penelope, 212, 233, 246, 254, 255, 256, 257.

Tel´lus, another name for Rhea, 134.

Ten´e-dos, an island in Ægean Sea, 21.

Ter´mi-nus, Roman divinity presiding over boundaries and frontiers, 10.

Terp-sich´o-re, Muse of dancing, 8.

Ter´ra, goddess of the earth, 146.

Te´thys, goddess of the sea, 32, 40, 59, 172, 174.

Teu´cer, ancient king of the Trojans, 78.

Tha-li´a, one of the three Graces (which See), 8.

Tham´y-ris, Thracian bard, who challenged the Muses to competition in singing, and, defeated, was blinded, 193.

Thaukt, Loki disguised as a hag, 346.

Thebes, city founded by Cadmus, and capital of Boeotia, 11, 92, 94, 111, 112, 123, 124, 161, 182, 183, 192, 296.

The´mis, female Titan, law-counsellor of Jove, 4, 7, 9, 15 n., 297.

The-o-do´ra, sister of Prince Leo, 794, 800.

The´ron, one of Diana’s dogs, 35.

Ther-si´tes, a brawler, killed by Achilles, 228.

Thes´ce-lus, foe of Perseus, turned to stone by sight of Gorgon’s head, 121.

The-se´um, Athenian temple in honor of Theseus, 154.

The´se-us, son of Ægeus and Æthra, King of Athens, a great hero of many adventures, 130, 136, 138, 139, 147, 150-157, 158, 165, 177.

Thes´saly, 3, 69, 129, 130, 132, 170, 202.

Thes´ti-us, father of Althea (which See), 140.

The´tis, mother of Achilles, 173, 174, 211, 212, 216, 221, 222, 225, 228.

Thi´al-fi, Thor’s servant, 337, 340.

This´be, Babylonian maiden beloved by Pyramus (which See), 23-26.

Thor, the thunderer, of Norse mythology, most popular of the gods, 331, 332, 334, 335, 337-343, 349, 352.

Thrace, 31, 130, 258.

Thri-na´ki-a, island pasturing Hyperion’s cattle, where Ulysses landed, but, his men killing some cattle for food, their ship was wrecked by lightning, 244.

Thrym, giant, who buried Thor’s hammer, 335.

Thu-cyd´i-des, Greek historian, 98.

Ti´ber, river flowing through Rome, 276, 299.

Tiber, Father, god of the river, 279.

Ti´gris, river, 35.

Tin-ta´del, castle of, residence of King Mark of Cornwall, 450.

Ti-re´si-as, a Greek soothsayer, 183.

Ti-siph´o-ne, one of the Furies (which See), 9, 269.

Ti´tans, the sons and daughters of Uranus (Heaven) and GÆa (Earth), enemies of the gods and overcome by them, 4, 5, 13, 18, 52, 172, 269.

Ti-tho´nus, Trojan prince, 207.

Tit´y-us, giant in Tartarus, 122, 269.

Tmo´lus, a mountain god, 43, 47.

Tortoise, second avatar (which See) of Vishnu, 321.

Tournaments, 371-372, 665.

Tours, battle of (See Abdalrahman and Charles Martel), 649-650.

Tox´e-us, brother of Melauger’s mother, who snatched from Atalanta her hunting trophy, and was slain by Melauger, who had awarded it to her, 139.

Triad, the Hindu, 320-321.

Triads, Welsh poems, 532, 533.

Tri-mur´ti, Hindu Triad, 320.

Trip-tol´e-mus, son of Celeus (which See), and who, made great by Ceres, founded her worship in Eleusis, 57.

Tris´tram, one of Arthur’s knights, husband of Isoude of the White Hands, lover of Isoude the Fair, 449-466, 468-478.

Tri´ton, a demi-god of the sea, son of Poseidon (Neptune) and Amphitrite, 16, 60, 173, 174, 262.

Troe´zen, Greek city of Argolis, 150.

Tro´jans, 216, 259-264, 269, 277.

Tro´jan War, 138, 174, 184, 211-227.

Tro-ja-no´va, New Troy, city founded in Britain (See Brutus, and Lud), 381.

Tro-pho´ni-us, oracle of, in Boeotia, 297-298.

Trou´ba-dours, poets and minstrels of Provence, in Southern France, 374.

Trou-veurs´, poets and minstrels of Northern France, 375.

Troy, city in Asia Minor, ruled by King Priam, whose son, Paris, stole away Helen, wife of Menelaus the Greek, resulting in the Trojan War and the destruction of Troy, 206, 207, 212, 213, 214, 218, 224, 227, 229, 236.

Troy, fall of, 227-232.

Tur´nus, chief of the Rutulianes in Italy, unsuccessful rival of Æneas for Lavinia, 276, 277, 278, 279, 281, 282, 286-287.

Tur´pin, Archbishop of Rheims, 652-653, 656, 806-813.

Tur´quine, Sir, a great knight, foe of Arthur, slain by Sir Launcelot, 428.

Ty´phon, one of the giants who attacked the gods, were defeated, and imprisoned under Mt. Ætna, 52, 123, 261, 293, 294.

Tyr, Norse god of battles, 333.

Tyre, Phoenician city governed by Dido (which See), 262.

Tyr´ians, 92, 262.

Tyr´rhe-us, herdsman of King Turnus in Italy, the slaying of whose daughter’s stag aroused war upon Æneas and his companions, 277.

U

U-ber´to, son of Galafron, 665.

U-lys´ses (Greek, Odysseus), hero of the Odyssey, 60, 61, 76, 184, 212, 213, 217, 219, 228, 229, 230, 232, 233, 236-257, 261.

U´ni-corn, fabled animal with a single horn, 315.

U-ra´ni-a, one of the Muses, a daughter of Zeus by Mnemosyne, 8, 126.

Ur´dur, one of the Norns or Fates of Scandinavia, representing the Past, 330.

Usk, British river, 406.

Ut´gard, abode of the giant Utgard-Loki, 338.

Ut´gard-Lo´ki, King of the Giants (See Skrymir), 339-343.

U´ther (Uther Pendragon), king of Britain and father of Arthur, 389-390, 394, 396, 397, 398.

U-waine´, knight of Arthur’s court, 432-434.

V

Va-is´sy-as, Hindu caste of agriculturists and traders, 323.

Val-hal´la, hall of Odin, heavenly residence of slain heroes, 330, 331, 344, 348, 354, 355, 356.

Val-ky´rie, armed and mounted warlike virgins, daughters of the gods (Norse), Odin’s messengers, who select slain heroes for Valhalla and serve them at their feasts, 331, 347, 354, 355.

Ve, brother of Odin, 329, 330.

Ve´das, Hindu sacred Scriptures, 320, 321, 324.

Ven-e-do´ti-a, ancient name for North Wales, 407.

Ve´nus (Aphrodite), goddess of beauty, 6, 7, 11, 13, 53, 65-67, 76, 78, 80, 82, 86-89, 94, 123, 142, 165, 209, 211, 212, 216, 218, 232, 264, 265.

Ve´nus de Med´i-ci, famous antique statue in Uffizi Gallery, Florence, Italy, 305.

Ver-dan´di, the Present, one of the Norns (which See), 330.

Ver-tum´nus, god of the changing seasons, whose varied appearances won the love of Pomona, 76-79.

Ves´ta, daughter of Cronos and Rhea; goddess of the home-fire, or hearth, 10.

Ves´tals, virgin priestesses in temple of Vesta, 10.

Ve-su´vi-us, Mount, volcano near Naples, 266.

Villains, peasants in the feudal scheme, 371.

Vig´rid, final battlefield, with destruction of the gods and their enemies, the sun, the earth, and time itself, 349.

Vi´li, brother of Odin and Ve, 329.

Vir´gil, celebrated Latin poet (See Æneid), 212, 266, 273, 275, 307-308.

Vir´go, constellation of the Virgin, representing AstrÆa, goddess of innocence and purity, 15 n.

Vish´nu, the Preserver, second of the three chief Hindu gods, 320, 321, 325.

Viv´i-ane, lady of magical powers, who allured the sage Merlin and imprisoned him in an enchanted wood, 390-392, 424, 460, 521.

Vol´scens, Rutulian troop leader who killed Nisus and Euryalus, 284.

Vol´sung-a Sa´ga, an Icelandic poem, giving about the same legends as the Nibelungen Lied (which See), 217, 354.

Vor´ti-gern, usurping King of Britain, defeated by Pendragon, 389-390, 397.

Vul´can (Greek, HÆphestus), god of fire and metal-working, with forges under Ætna, husband of Venus, 4, 6, 10, 39, 41, 94, 123, 151, 182, 205, 222, 287, 301.

Vy-a´sa, Hindu sage, 320.

W

Wain, the, constellation, 3.

Well-gun´da, one of the Rhine-daughters (which See), 354.

Welsh language, 531.

Western Ocean, 273.

Winds, the, 176, 208.

Winter, 39.

Wo´den, chief god in the Norse mythology; Anglo-Saxon for Odin, 330.

Wog-lin´da, one of the Rhine-daughters (which See), 354.

Woman, creation of, 13.

Wooden Horse, the, filled with armed men, but left outside of Troy as a pretended offering to Minerva when the Greeks feigned to sail away; accepted by the Trojans (See Sinon, and LaocoÖn), brought into the city, and at night emptied of the hidden Greek soldiers, who destroyed the town, 229-232.

Wood-nymphs, 76, 167.

Wo´tan, Old High German form of Odin, 351, 352, 354, 355, 356.

X

Xan´thus, river of Asia Minor, 44.

Y

Ya´ma, Hindu god of the Infernal Regions, 321.

Year, the, 39.

Yg-dra´sil, great ash tree, supposed by Norse mythology to support the universe, 330.

Y´mir, giant, slain by Odin, 329, 348.

Yn´ywl, Earl, host of Geraint, father of Enid, 558-564.

York, Britain, 405.

Y-se-ro´ne, niece of Arthur, mother of Caradoc, 418.

Ys´pa-da-den Pen´kawr, father of Olwen, 609, 612, 614, 617, 618, 625, 626.

Z

Zend´a-ves´ta, Persian sacred Scriptures, 318.

Zeph´y-rus, god of the South wind, 68, 82, 83, 85, 176, 273.

Zer-bi´no, a knight, son of the king of Scotland, 742, 744, 749-751, 753, 759.

Ze´tes, winged warrior, companion of Theseus, 133, 176.

Ze´thus, son of Jupiter and Antiope, brother of Amphion, 192.

See Dirce.

Zeus, 4.

See Jupiter.

Zo-ro-as´ter, founder of the Persian religion, which was dominant in Western Asia from about 550 b.c. to about 650 a.d., and is still held by many thousands in Persia and in India, 318-320.

TRANSCRIBER NOTES

Misspelled words and printer errors have been corrected. Where multiple spellings occur, majority use has been employed.

Punctuation has been maintained except where obvious printer errors occur. All ellipses have been spaced.

Shakspeare and Shakespeare appears several times throughout the text, and although obsolete, Shakspeare is a valid alternative form of Shakespeare, and therefore both instances appear.

Some illustrations were moved to facilitate page layout and a List of Illustrations was created and added after the Table of Contents.

All footnotes are linked and have been placed at the end of the book before the Appendices and Index.

[The end of Bulfinch's Mythology, by Thomas Bulfinch.]