1-h-9.htm.html#Page_315" class="pginternal">315. Charles Martel, 36, 38. Charles of Valois, 223. Charles the Bold and Frederick III, 249. Chemnitz, his comments on the condition and prospects of the Empire, 339. Childeric, his deposition by the Holy See, 39. Chivalry, the orders of, 250. Church, the, opposed by the Emperors, 10; growth of, 10; alliance of, with the State, 10, 66, 107, 387; organization of, framed on the model of the secular administration, 11; the Emperor the head of, 12; maintains the Imperial idea, 13; attitude of Charles the Great towards, 65, 66; the bond that holds together the Empire of Charles, 73; first gives men a sense of unity, 92; how regarded in Middle Ages, 92, 370; draws tighter all bonds of outward union, 94; unity of, felt to be analogous to that of the Empire, 93; becomes the exact counterpart of the Empire, 99, 101, 107, 328; position of, in Germany, 128; Otto's position towards, 129; effect of the Reformation upon, 327; influence of the Empire upon the history of, 384. Churches, national, 95, 330. Churches of Rome, destruction of old buildings by modern restorers of, 292; mosaics and bell-tower in the, 294. Cities, in Lombardy, 175; growth of in Germany, 179; their power, 223. Civil law, revival of the study of, 172; its study forbidden by the Popes in the thirteenth century, 253. Civilis, the Batavian, 17. Clergy, aversion of the Lombards to the, 37; their idea of political unity, 96; their power in the eleventh century, 128; Gregory VII's condemnation of feudal investitures to the, 158; their ambition and corruption in the later Middle Age, 290. Clovis, his desire to preserve the institutions of the Empire, 17, 30; his unbroken success, 35. Coins, papal, 278 note. Colonna (John), Petrarch's letters to, 270 and note; the family of, 281. Commons, the, 132, 314. Concordat of Worms, 163. Confederation of the Rhine, provisions of the, 362. Conrad I (King of the East Franks), 122, 9; partition of, 9; influence of the Church in supporting, 13; armies of, composed of barbarians, 15; how regarded by the barbarians, 16; belief in eternity of, 20; reunion of Italy to, 29; its influence in the Transalpine provinces, 30; influence of religion and jurisprudence in supporting, 31, 32; belief in, not extinct in the eighth century, 44; restoration of by Charles the Great, 48; the 'translation' of the, 52, 111, 175, 218; divided between the grandsons of Charles, 77; dissolution of, 78; ideal state supposed to be embodied in, 99; never, strictly speaking, restored, 102. Empire, the Holy Roman, created by Otto the Great, 80, 103; a prolongation of the Empire of Charles, 80; wherein it differed therefrom, 80; motives for establishment of, 84; identical with Holy Roman Church, 106; its rights proved from the Bible, 112; its anti-national character, 120; its union with the German kingdom, 122; dissimilarity between the two, 127; results of the union, 128; its pretensions in Hungary, 183; in Poland, 184; in Denmark, 184; in France, 185; in Sweden, 185; in Spain, 185; in England, 186; in Naples, 188; in Venice, 188; in the East, 189; the epithet 'Holy' applied by Frederick I, 199; origin and meaning of epithet, 200; its fall with Frederick II, 210; Italy lost to, 211; change in its position, 214; its continuance due to its connexion with the German kingdom, 214; its relations with the Papacy, 153, 155, 216; its financial distress, 223; theory of, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, 238; its duties as an international judge and mediator, 244; why an international power, 248; illustrations, 249; attitude of new learning towards, 251, 254, 256; doctrine of its rights and functions never carried out in fact, 253; end of its history in Italy, 263, 304; relation between it and the city, 297; reaches its lowest point in Frederick III's reign, 301; its loss of Burgundy, 389. Italy, Southern, 150. J. 142; his Northern and Eastern conquests, 143; extent of his empire, 144; comparison between it and that of Charles, 144; beneficial results of his rule, 145; how styled by Nicephorus, 211. Otto II, 142; memorials left by, in Rome, 317. Otto III, his plans and ideas, 146, 147, 148; his intense religious belief in the Emperor's duties, 147; his reason for using the title 'Romanorum Imperator,' 147; his early death, 148, 228; his burial at Aachen, 148; respect in which his life was so memorable, 149; compared with Frederick II, 207; his expostulation with the Roman people, 285 note; memorials left by, in Rome, 286. Otto IV, Pope Innocent III's exertions in behalf of, 206; overthrown by Innocent, 207; explanation of a curious seal of, 266 note. P. Palgrave (Sir F.), his view of the grant of a Roman dignity to Clovis, 30 note. Palsgrave, deprived of his vote, 231; reinstated, 231. Panslavism, Russia's doctrine of, 368. Papacy, the Teutonic reform of, 146; Frederick I's bad relations with, 168; Henry III's purification of, 152, 204; growth of its power, 153; its relations with the Empire, 153, 155, 216; its condition after the dissolution of the Carolingian Empire, 275; its attitude towards Napoleon, 359. Papacy and Empire, interdependence of, 101; its consequences, 102; struggle between them, 153; their relations, 155, 216; parallel between, 369; compared as perpetuation of a name, 372. Papal elections, veto of Emperor on, 138, 155. Partition treaty of Verdun, 77. Paschal II (Pope), his quarrel with Henry V, 163. Patrician of the Romans, import of the title, 40; date when it was bestowed on Pipin, 40 note. Patritius, secretary of Frederick III, on the poverty of the Empire, 224. Pavia, the Council of, and Charles the Bald, 156. Persecution, Protestant, 330. Peter's (St.), old, 48. Petrarch, his feelings towards the Empire, 254; towards the city of Rome, 270. Pfeffinger, 351 note. Philip of Hohenstaufen, contest between Otto of Brunswick and, 206; his assassination, |
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