A

Apupujado, Sp. Worn out, played out.

Arra! "Get up! Get along!" A cry of the muleteers to their animals.

Asa—. The various words beginning thus are compounds commencing with the Nah. aÇo, which expresses a doubt, or implies a question, == perhaps, maybe. Olmos says: "Quiere decir por ventura, respondiendo Ô dudando."—Gram. Nahuatl, p. 179.

Asama—. This prefix to various words is the Nah. aÇoma, which is a strengthened form of aÇo.—Carochi, Gram. Mex., p. 181. The syllable ma is also the sign of the imperative.

Asamaquimate, Nah. A compound of aÇamo, as above, and mati, to know. The qui is the objective pronoun of the third singular, him, her, it, that; but its employment in this connection is incorrect.

Asamatimaguas, or —timagas, Nah. Probably from aÇoma (see above), and either temachtico, to come to teach, or tell; or temaca, to give something to a person.

Asanecaneme, see Asaneganeme.

Asanegaguala, see Asanegualigua. Asaneganeme, Nah. Probably aÇo ni ca nemactia, the last word meaning to give or offer something to another, "perhaps I may offer something," == "May I offer you some?"

Asanegualigua, Nah. Probably aÇo and necuilhuia, to deal, bargain, treat for.

Asanese, Nah. p. 42. A compound of aÇo and some unknown word. Probably == asones, q.v.

Asetato, Sp. ant. and prov. for sientate, sit down.

Asiguala, Nah. From aÇo and perhaps qualani, to grow angry (?).

Asones, Nah. From aÇo, and probably nechca or nepa, adverbs of place and time, "these," "then," "once," "formerly." Sometimes it is written À sones, and asonesepa.

Asuyungua, Nah. Compound of aÇo and noyuhqui, thus, in this manner (? Cf. Carochi, Gram. Mex. p. 190).

Ayugama, Nah. == ayoccampa, nowhere, not at all, never.

Azetagago, Nah. Apparently a corrupt form from acicacaqui, to understand.

B

Batuchito, Sp. prov. A small box, in which money, etc., is kept.

C

Cabildo, Sp. A chapter; a council. In Central America, the municipal court. See p. 76.

CabriolÉ, Sp. A kind of riding coat; "a narrow riding coat without sleeves." (Delpino, Span. Dict.)

Campaneme, ?. p. 28. Probably for campamento.

Cana, Nah. A particle, expressing doubt, "any time," "anywhere." Cuix cana otimoyolcuiti, Have you confessed anywhere? It cannot begin a sentence, but must always follow some other word (Carochi, Gram. Mex., p. 158).

Cele, Sp. prov. A form of zelar, to be zealous for, to be anxious for; no me cele, I do not very strongly desire; used ironically.

Chiguigua, Nah. Perhaps ti calaquia, you will enter in.

Chiquimate, Nah. From mati, to know, qui, objective. Chopaquimate, Nah. Quimati, see above. Chopa and chi seem to be personal forms.

Chocola, Nah. Chocolatl, a drink made from cacao. It has been doubted whether there was a Nahuatl word in this form. Don Jesus Sanchez denies it in his Glosario de Voces Castellanas derivadas del Idioma Nahuatl, sub voce (Mexico, 1883). But its pure Nahuatl origin seems to be established by another writer (An. del Museo Nacional de Mexico, Tom. iii, p. 86). From the text, its meaning was in a wider sense a refection in general, just as the English word "tea" means a meal.

Cinchera, Sp. The portion of the body of a horse or mule where the saddle girth is fastened.

Cobijones, Sp. Large leather coverings to protect goods, etc.

Cojudo, Sp. Not castrated. Applied to the entire horse, etc.

Columbrar, Sp. To descry, to discern at a distance. "Lo que veo y columbro, respondiÓ Sancho," etc.—Don Quixote, Pt. I, cap. xxi.

Congon, Nah. p. 24. Perhaps conetontli, a boy, or young person.

Consentidor, Sp. A conniver, procurer, pimp.

Corcobios, Sp. Curvetings, gambolings. Applied to the steps in certain dances.

Corridos, Sp. Running steps, or motions, in certain dances.

Cuascuane, Nah. From cuicani, to sing, chant.

D

Desmonte, Sp. A clearing; the refuse from a clearing, or from a mine. See note, page 80.

E

Eguan, Nah. A form of ihuan, and, as well as.

Escataci, p. 28 (?).

G

Galagua, Nah., calaquia, to enter, to come into. Ganzo, Sp. prov. a goose; a fool; also a glutton.

Garrobo. A large species of tree lizard; the male of the iguana (Berendt, Lengua Castellana de Nicaragua, MSS).

GuajaqueÑo, Nah. From quauhuaqui, to appear thin and dry, like a stick.

Guancos, Sp. prov. for guanacos, foolish, silly persons.

GÜil, Sp. prov. Probably for que es el, or quel, who is the, or which?

Guipil, Nah. A form of gueipil, or huipilli. The short skirt, without sleeves, used by the Indian women. "Camisa de algodon sin mangas."—Jesus Sanchez, Glosario de Voces Castellanas derivadas del NÁhuatl, s.v.

Guiso, see Tomaguiso.

L

Lichua, Nah. Probably an abbreviated form from tla achiua, to do, or make something; lichua obedecer, to make to obey.

Linar, Sp. prov. To please, amuse, == consolar, for which it is used in some districts. (Berendt.)

M

Machete, Sp. prov. A heavy knife, or sort of cutlass (a Biscayan word). See page 81.

Macho, Sp. A male of any animal, especially of a mule; used generally for mule in the GÜegÜence.

Macho-raton, Sp. Literally, "the male mouse," but in Nicaragua applied to a fantastic costume, and hence to the play, or baile, in which it is worn. See page xlvii. It may also mean a mouse-colored jack.

Maneca, Nah. From mana, to make maize cakes, or tortillas; manacan, one who likes to make such (cf. Carochi, Gram. Mex., p. 136). Maneta, Nah. Probably the imperative form of nextia (m xi nextia), to show, to disclose or inform.

Mascamayagua, Nah. A compound of maxca (== mo, axca) thine, it is thine (literally, thy thing), and mayacuele, the optative particle, or else ma ayc caui, thine always. It is evidently equivalent to "yours to command," "at your service," etc.

Matamagueso, see Tumaguiso.

Matateco, Nah. Slightly altered form of matataca, to beg, to pray, possibly by the addition of the Spanish personal pronoun, I, "yo."

Mayagua, or Mayague, Nah. Apparently the sign of the optative, mayacuele, and expressive of a wish; yecuel, in Nah., also conveys the idea of promptness and earliness (Carochi, Gram. Mex., p. 175).

Melague, or Melagua, Nah. A form of melaua, to say clearly, to speak openly. The termination que, in Nah., marks the plural of certain nouns and tenses.

Miscuales, Nah. From miequilia, to prosper, augment, increase.

Mispiales, Nah. From miecpialia, to watch over, guard, protect. In both the above words, the prefix is miec, much, used as an intensive particle.

Mo, Nah. Second person, sing., of the inseparable possessive pronoun, no, my, mo, thy, y, his, to, our, amo, your, yn, their. Mo is also the reflexive pronoun of the third person singular, and appears to be occasionally used in the GÜegÜence as the possessive of the third person, probably from analogy with the Spanish su.

Mocegua, or Mosegua, Nah. Apparently from mocenchiua, to unite in doing something. The n is euphonic, the composition being ce, one, and achiua, to do.

Mohino, Sp. Applied to a mule proceeding from a stud and a jenny; also, peevish, cross. Mollule, or Muyule, Nah. Apparently from molotl, smart, clever, crafty; itself a derivative from yollo, able, ingenious, talented.

Monistilco, Nah. Apparently from monetli, son-in-law, with the postposition co, for, by, etc.

Mosamonte, Nah. mocemati, presumptuously, too boldly.

Motales, or Motalce, Nah. Derivatives, apparently, from motlaloa, to run, to carry messages, with the signification messengers.

Motel, Nah. p. 38. An interrogative negative particle, properly monel.

Moto, Sp. prov. Noisy, rowdyish; a noisy, blustering person. "El muchacho mal criado que motea." (Berendt, La Lengua Castellana de Nicaragua, MSS.)

Muchintes. The Sp. mucho, much, with the Nah. augmentative termination tzin, == very much, very extensive. Or else, the pure Nah. muchintin, all, plural of muchi.—Olmos, Gram. Nahuatl, p. 48.

Mudanzas, Sp. prov. The motions in a dance.

Muyule, see Mollule.

N

Necana, Nah. From nequanaliztli, dancing motions, as are used in bailes.

Neganeme, see Asaniganeme.

Negua, Nah. If a separate word, this is probably from neci, to disclose oneself, to show oneself; it is, however, a doubtful expression.

Negualigua, Nah. From necuilhuia, to bargain, to deal for.

Neme, Nah. From nemi, to live, to be (Sp. estar), to dwell.

Nemo, see Niqui.

Niqui, Nah. Found in the construction nemo niqui, which should probably read ni monequi, it is proper for me, becoming or necessary. Sp. me conviene. Nistipampa, Nah. The postposition pampa, ixtli, the face, and the first possessive pronoun no. The compound means "I, present," or "in my presence." Carochi, Gram. Mex., p. 45.

No, Nah. First person, singular, of the inseparable possessive pronoun. See mo. It is also used for the Spanish negative, no, not, throughout the play.

Ñonguan, page 28. An unknown word which, from its initial nasal, has the appearance of being from the Mangue tongue, in which this sound is very common.

O

Opa, Nah., oppa, twice.

P

Pachaca, Nah. A derivative from pachiui, to stuff with food, to satisfy the appetite, etc. The verbal nouns ending in ca or can usually signify place where, but this is to be considered a verbal adjective, from the pluperfect pachiuhca.

Pachigue, or Pachiguete, Nah. From pachiuitia, to satisfy a person. The frequent expression, pachigue no pachiguete, should probably be punctuated pachigue? No pachigutee, == Satisfied? No, you do not satisfy me.

Paguala, p. 36, Nah. A truncated word. Compare a sones sepaguala, p. 34, and a sonesepa negualigua, p. 28.

Palegue, see Panegue.

Palparesia, Nah. From papal, or papallotl, talk, conversation. Sp. parleria. No doubt an onomatopoietic word, like the English babble, Hebrew, Babel, which it resembles, both in pronunciation and meaning.

Paltechua, Nah. From paleuhqui, favorable, advantageous or appropriate things. See page 76.

Paneguia, or Panegue, or Palegue, Nah. From panauia, to get the better of another, to overcome, conquer. The termination, gue, or guia, in this and other verbal forms, is one of past time in the Nahuatl. See Carochi, Gram. Mex., p. 54. Peinador, p. 70. Perhaps the Spanish word so spelled, which means a hairdresser, and hence an effeminate person. But it may be a Spanish form from the Nah. pinauhtia, to put another to the blush, or out of countenance, the compulsive form of pinaua, to be ashamed.

Perico ligero, Sp. prov. In Nicaragua, the night-monkey, Cercoleptes caudivolvulus, which has sharp claws. It is elsewhere applied to a species of parrot, and to the bee bear, Myrmecophaga, (Berendt, Lengua Castellana de Nicaragua, MSS).

Petaca, Nah. From petlacalli, a box, trunk or chest; especially a square basket, with a lid; "cajon quadrangular con tapa, hecho de palma" (Berendt, id).

Petate, Nah., petlatli, the native rug or mat, woven of palm leaves or rushes.

Pilse, Nah., piltzin, son, vocative, piltze. See page 75.

Polluse, or Poyuse, Nah. Apparently a form of poa, to tell, relate, give an account, preterit, pouh, pouhca.

Q

Qui, Sp., who; also at times for Sp. aqui, here.

Quichuas, Nah. Probably a derivative from achiua, to do or make. Compare Lichua.

Quilis, Nah., qualli, good, well.

Quinimente, Nah., quin, he, those, aquin, who. It would seem to be a demonstrative form, but its analysis is obscure.

Quinquimagua, Nah. A compound of macua, to give, to concede, with the pronouns quin or aquin.

R

Rebiatar, Sp. prov. To tie behind, as the muleteers tie one mule in the line to the mule in front of it.

Recua, Sp. prov. A team, or line, of mules.

Remates, Sp. prov. The finishing steps, or closing figures of a dance.

RiÑonada. The hinder portion of a horse or mule, over which passes one of the harness straps. Rujeros, Sp. prov. for rugidos, bellowings or shoutings. The name of a tune.

S

Sagua, p. 34. A mutilated word; see Melague.

Sapatetas, Sp. prov. for zapatetas, from zapato, a shoe. Shoe-slappings, the name of the figures in a rough, noisy dance.

Samo, Nah., p. 8. Probably some compound of amo, no, not.

Semula, Sp. prov. for similar, like, similar to.

Seno, Sp. prov. for sin, without.

Sepaguala, Nah. See Paguala.

Sepanegaligua, Nah. A compound of calaquia, to enter, with some prefix, as cepan, together, or ixpan, in the presence of some one.

Sesule, Nah. A compound of tÇulli, good for nothing, worthless, perhaps with ce, one, or te, some one. It is an adjective, applied in a depreciatory manner to the GÜegÜence.

Sicana, Nah. See Cana.

Silguerio, Sp. prov. for xilguero, a linnet, or thrush.

Simocague, Nah. Imperative form of mocaua, to pause, suspend, cease. See page 75.

Sobornal, Sp. The excess or addition to a load.

Sones, Sp. Tunes, music.

T

Tatita, Sp. Little papa. A diminutive of endearment. It could also be derived from the Nah. tatli, father.

Tecetales, or Tesetales, Nah. From tetzauia, to be a shame, to be scandalous.

Tecomajoche, Nah., tecomatl, vase, xochitl, flower; a tree bearing small white flowers, a species of Plumiera, allied to the East Indian "temple tree."

Teguane, Nah. Form of tehuantin, pronoun, first person plural, we, us. Ticino, Nah., ticitl, a native doctor, a charlatan; one who casts lots for divination; a personal form, from ticiti, might be ticitoni.

Tiguala, Nah. A compound of ti, thou, and qualli, good or well. See note, page 75.

Tiguita, Nah. A word of uncertain meaning, pages 46, 48, in the phrase mollule tiguita. It may be a first person plural, from quixtia, tic quixtia, we do our duty, we do our best.

Timaguas, Nah. Either from temaca, to give something to another; or from temachti, a teacher, an instructor.

Tin, Sp. A form for tener, to have. It stands in different passages for tiene, tenemos, and tienen, and is a good illustration of the wearing away of forms in this mixed dialect.

Tinderia, Sp. for tenderia, a shop, booth or tent, in which wares are displayed for sale.

Totolatera, Nah. From tototl, a bird or fowl; petaca totolatera, a basket for carrying fowls.

Tumaguiso, Nah. A compound of tuma, to untie, open, and quiÇa, a verbal termination, which signifies a performance of the action of the verb to which it is added.—Olmos, Gram. Nah., p. 157.

Tumiles, Nah. An adjective from the same root as tomanaliztli, fatness, corpulence, and signifies abounding, abundant.

Tunal, Sp. prov., from a Haytian (Arawack) word. It means a plantation of the native American cactus figs, or prickly pears. See page 80.

Tupile, Nah. An officer of justice, an alcalde or alguacil. From topilÊ, he who carries a staff; topilli, staff, this being the badge of the office.

V

Vaticola, Sp. prov. The posterior of an animal; the crupper region. Possibly from veta di cola, vein of the tail.

Velancicos, Sp. prov. for villancicos, rustic songs sung at the doors of the brotherhoods (cofradias) at certain festivals (Berendt, Leng. Castel. de Nicaragua, MSS).

Y

Ya. Interjection. You there! Yes, there!