| BOOK I. |
| THE MEDICINE OF PRIMITIVE MAN. |
| CHAPTER | PAGE |
| I. | Primitive Man a Savage | 3 |
| The Medicine and Surgery of the Lower Animals.—Poisons and Animals.—Observation amongst Savages.—Man in the Glacial Period. |
| II. | Animism | 7 |
| Who discovered our Medicines?—Anthropology can assist us to answer the Question.—The Priest and the Medicine-man originally one.—Disease the Work of Magic.—Origin of our Ideas of the Soul and Future Life.—Disease-demons. |
| III. | Savage Theories of Disease | 12 |
| Demoniacal.—Witchcraft.—Offended Dead Persons. |
| IV. | Magic and Sorcery in the Treatment of Disease | 26 |
| These originated partly in the Desire to cover Ignorance.—Medicine-men.—Sucking out Diseases.—Origin of Exorcism.—Ingenuity of the Priests.—Blowing Disease away.—Beelzebub cast out by Beelzebub.—Menders of Souls.—“Bringing up the Devil.”—Diseases and Medicines.—Fever Puppets.—Amulets.—Totemism and Medicine. |
| V. | Primitive Medicine | 33 |
| Bleeding.—Scarification.—Use of Medicinal Herbs amongst the Aborigines of Australia, South America, Africa, etc. |
| VI. | Primitive Surgery | 40 |
| Arrest of Bleeding.—The Indian as Surgeon.—Stretchers, Splints, and Flint Instruments.—Ovariotomy.—Brain Surgery.—Massage.—Trepanning.—The CÆsarean Operation.—Inoculation. |
| VII. | Universality of the Use of Intoxicants | 46 |
| Egyptian Beer and Brandy.—Mexican Pulque.—Plant-worship.—Union with the Godhead by Alcohol.—Soma.—The Cow-religion.—Caxiri.—Murwa Beer.—Bacchic Rites.—Spiritual Exaltation by Wine. |
| VIII. | Customs connected with Pregnancy and Child-bearing | 51 |
| The Couvade, its Prevalence in Savage and Civilized Lands.—Pregnant Women excluded from Kitchens.—The Deities of the Lying-in Chamber. |
| BOOK II. |
| THE MEDICINE OF THE ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS. |
| I. | Egyptian Medicine | 57 |
| Antiquity of Egyptian Civilization.—Surgical Bandaging.—Gods and Goddesses of Medicine.—Medical Specialists.—Egyptians claimed to have discovered the Healing Art.—Medicine largely Theurgic.—Magic and Sorcery forbidden to the Laity.—The Embalmers.—Anatomy.—Therapeutics.—Plants> in use in Ancient Egypt.—Surgery and Chemistry.—Disease-demons.—Medical Papyri.—Great Skill of Egyptian Physicians. |
| II. | Jewish Medicine | 73 |
| The Jews indebted to Egypt for their Learning.—The only Ancient People who discarded Demonology.—They had no Magic of their own.—Phylacteries.—Circumcision.—Sanitary Laws.—Diseases in the Bible.—The Essenes.—Surgery in the Talmud.—Alexandrian Philosophy.—Jewish Services to MediÆval Medicine.—The Phoenicians. |
| III. | The Medicine of ChaldÆa, Babylonia, and Assyria | 86 |
| The Ancient Religion of Accadia akin to Shamanism.—Demon Theory of Disease in ChaldÆan Medicine.—ChaldÆan Magic.—Medical Ignorance of the Babylonians.—Assyrian Disease-demons.—Charms.—Origin of the Sabbath. |
| IV. | The Medicine of the Hindus | 96 |
| The Aryans.—Hindu Philosophy.—The Vedas.—The Shastres of Charaka and Susruta.—Code of Menu.—The Brahmans.—Medical Practitioners.—Strabo on the Hindu Philosophers.—Charms.—Buddhism and Medicine.—JÍwaka, Buddha’s Physician.—The Pulse.—Knowledge of Anatomy and Surgery in Ancient Times.—Surgical Instruments.—Decadence of Hindu Medical Science.—Goddesses of Disease.—Origin of Hospitals in India. |
| V. | Medicine in China, Tartary, and Japan | 125 |
| Origin of Chinese Culture.—Shamanism.—Disease-demons.—Taoism—Medicine Gods.—Mediums.-Anatomy and Physiology of the Chinese.—Surgery.—No Hospitals in China.—Chinese Medicines.—Filial Piety.—Charms and Sacred Signs.—Medicine in Thibet, Tartary, and Japan. |
| VI. | The Medicine of the Parsees | 141 |
| Zoroaster and the Zend-Avesta.—The Heavenly Gift of the Healing Plants.—Ormuzd and Ahriman.—Practice of the Healing Art and its Fees. |
| BOOK III. |
| GREEK MEDICINE. |
| I. | The Medicine of the Greeks before the Time of Hippocrates | 147 |
| Apollo, the God of Medicine.—Cheiron.—Æsculapius.—Artemis.—Dionysus.—Ammon.—Hermes.—P
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