A knowledge of the Welsh alphabet is indispensable to those who are desirous of correctly pronouncing the necessary questions and answers that transpire upon the road. The names of places must effectually puzzle any tourist, who is not acquainted with the peculiar sound of each letter, particularly where there are many consonants in a word. In order therefore to aid the traveller in Wales, I have selected the following rules.

In the Welsh alphabet there are no mutes; and all letters that are circumflex must be pronounced long, as

BÔn like the English Bone.

Bin, as Been.

C, as Can, but never soft as in City.

Ch, is pronounced as the Greek ?.

Dd, as the English Th in theme.

F, as V in English.

Ff, as F and double F in English.

G, as G in good, but never soft as in genial.

I, as I in king but never as in fire.

Ll, as L aspirated.

Th, as in thought.

U, as I in the English words bliss, kiss &c.

W, as double O in good, wood.

Y, as U in burn, but in the last syllable of a word; and in all monosyllables except Y, Ydd, Ym, Yn, Yr, Ys, Fy, Dy, Myn, it is like I in Sin.

By attending to these rules, the stranger will easily make himself understood by the peasantry, and on his tours, in enquiring for any place to which he may be journeying.

GLOSSARY.

Ap, or Ab, is prefixed to proper names, and signifies, the son of.

Aber, the fall of one water into another, a confluence.

Am, about, around.

Ar, upon, or bordering upon.

Avon, or Afon, a river.

Ban, high, lofty, tall.

Bach, little, small.

Bedd, a grave, a sepulchre.

Bettws, a station between hill and vale.

Blaen, a point or end.

BÔd, a residence.

Braich, a branch.

Bron, the breast or slope of a hill.

Bryn, a hill, a mount.

Bychan, little.

Bylch, a gap or pass.

Cader, a chair.

Caer, a city.

Capel, a chapel.

Carn, a heap.

Carnedd, a heap of stones.

Careg, a stone.

Castell, a castle, fortress.

Cil, (pronounced keel) a retreat, a recess.

Clawdd, a hedge, a dyke.

Clogwyn, a precipice.

Coed, a wood.

Cors, a bog, a fen.

Craig, a rock or craig.

Croes, a cross.

Cym, a valley or glen.

Dinas, a fort, a city, or a fortified place.

Dol, a meadow or dale in the bend of the river.

Drws, a doorway, a pass.

DÛ, black.

Dwfr or Dwr, water.

Dyffryn, a valley.

Eglwys, a church.

Ffordd, away, a road a passage.

Ffynnon, a well, a spring.

Garth, a hill bending round.

GlÀn, a brink or shore.

GlÂs, bluish or greyish green.

Glyn, a glen or valley through which a river runs.

Gwern, a watery meadow.

Gwydd, a wood.

Gwyn, white, fair.

Llan, a church, a smooth area, an inclosure.

Llwyn, a grove.

Maen, a stone.

Mawr, great.

Moel, a smooth conical hill.

Mynydd, a mountain.

Nant, a ravine, a brook.

Newydd, new, fresh.

Pant, a hollow or valley.

Pistyll, a spout, a cataract.

Plas, a hall or palace.

Plwyf, a parish.

Pont, a bridge.

Porth, a ferry, a port, a gateway.

Pwll, a pit or pool.

Rhaiadr, a cataract.

Rhiw, an ascent.

Ryhd, a ford.

Sarn, a causeway, a pavement.

Tal, the front or head, also tall.

Traeth, a sand or shore.

Tre or Tref, a home, a town.

Twr, a tower.

Ty, a house.

Y, the, of.

Yn, in, at, into.

Ynys, an island.

Ystrad, a vale, a dale.

Yspytty, a hospital, an almshouse.

By referring to this short Glossary, the tourist will find no difficulty in understanding the meanings of the different names given to the different places through which he will have to pass.

INTERJECTIONS.

As there are many interjectional adverbs made use of in the following pages, a glossary of them might prove useful.

Aro! stop!

Dacw! yonder!

Dyna, dyna! there, there.

Dyt, dyt! hold, hold!

Fwrz! away!

Gwae, woe.

Hai how! heigho!

Hwnt! avaunt!

O dyn! oh dear!

Oia! oh pray!

Oio! hear me!

Truan bac! poor little thing!

Truan hyny! poor thing, that it was!

Twt! pshaw!

Wela, wela! well, well!

Ysywaeth! the more the pity!