  Transcriber's Note: Obvious typographical errors have been corrected. Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation in the original document have been preserved. Manus Island, page 202. No location named. Should probably be East Indies. Gulf of Kas, page 195. Missing longitude. Fitze-long Bay, page 187. Wrong map coordinates. The Index lists Dharmapuri, Diggi, Kang-ping and Radhan as having Glossary entries which do not exist. Alternative spellings of Ibn Batuta include Batutu, Batatu, and Batouka. Inconsistencies between latitude and longitude in the Index and the Glossary have been left as printed, including Ajmere, Bahera, Bitlis, Carmel, the Dead Sea, Deogarh, Dharwar, Diarbekr, Dondra Head, Elichpur, Hugli, Kagoshima, and Kamagawa. EVERYMAN'S LIBRARY REFERENCE A LITERARY AND THE PUBLISHERS OF EVERYMAN'S LIBRARY WILL BE PLEASED TO SEND FREELY TO ALL APPLICANTS A LIST OF THE PUBLISHED AND PROJECTED VOLUMES TO BE COMPRISED UNDER THE FOLLOWING THIRTEEN HEADINGS: TRAVEL * SCIENCE * FICTION Printer's Logo IN FOUR STYLES OF BINDING: CLOTH, FLAT BACK, COLOURED TOP, LEATHER, ROUND CORNERS, GILT TOP; LIBRARY BINDING IN CLOTH, & QUARTER PIGSKIN London: J. M. DENT & SONS, Ltd. Frontpiece A TO Frontpiece B A LITERARY & J G. BARTHOLOMEW LL.D INTRODUCTION Fourth in the series of special atlases designed for "Everyman's Library" the present volume deals with the countries of Asia, whose history and geography, and whose possibilities, great and grave, are alike reflected in the maps and charts that follow. When Queen Elizabeth granted to certain merchants of London a charter that gave them a roving commission to trade in the East Indies, she could not foresee the immense developments that were to rise from that adventurous commerce between east and west. The successive maps of India with their frontier changes mark the gradual advance of an old world toward the new one knit by powerful mutual ties to the Isle of Britain; and recently we have seen what it is to be hoped will open a greater era for those regions, marked by a return to the old capital of Delhi, and a resuming of ancient rites which first gained their symbolism in those lands. But Asia, as Japan has taught us and as China will undoubtedly teach us again, has her own destiny to bear out, apart from our European interests and politics; and it is in that aspect we need to study her on the lines laid down and made clear and positive in this volume. It is not the military records, the charts of mutinies and battle-fields, interesting as they are, which are alone important; but those showing the conditions, physical and climatic, of the country; the dispersion of the tongues, the sites of the old religions, the wealth and tillage of the earth with its fruits, grain and minerals, its rice fields and tea plantations; the prevalence of rain, sun and trade-winds; and the course of the sea-roads that affect its human and industrial life. A gazetteer does not always seem to the ordinary man a very entertaining thing, but in this of Asia its compiler, Miss Grant, has tried to mark in brief, close compacted in small type, the place-associations, historical and other, that give life to the names of town or country. She has related them to the books that have dealt with them, and the events they have witnessed: given Ning-po its allusion to Marco Polo's travels, and Madras its San ThomÉ pedigree, connected Palmyra with Tamerlane, and Puri, Bengal, with the gold tooth of the Buddha and the Temple of Vishnu's incarnation. In the Brief Survey of the Coins and Coinage, Mr. J. Allan (of the Coins and Medal Department, British Museum) has traced the record from Lydia, six centuries and more B.C., to our own time. His notes on the Phoenician coins—"tetradrachms of Tyre with a dolphin or the god Melkart riding on a sea-horse," or an owl with a crook and a flail (Egyptian royal symbols); or the double shekels of Sidon with a galley, sails, or oars, before a walled city on one side, and a king of Persia on the other—show how much of history a set of coins, apparently so secretive, may hide in their silver and gold impressions. In this Asian Atlas, of small dimensions as it requires to be to fit its pocket, Irkutsk in the north, "far Mandalay," the details of the East and West Indies, the route of Marco Polo, coasts like the Carnatic, towns like Lucknow and Cawnpore, Lhasa, "the Forbidden City" of Tibet, and Matsuye, the old capital of Idzumo, which Lafcadio Hearn describes, all have their record. It remains to be said, that as in other volumes of the same set, Dr. Bartholomew of Edinburgh has acted as cartographer; and the editor and publishers wish to acknowledge his large practical aid in the design of the atlas. Also, they owe a word of thanks to Mr. William Foster of the India Office for his expert advice. Finally, they wish to dedicate the volume to the people and the princes of India, Japan, and the other countries of which it is a memorial, believing in their great future. E. R. CONTENTS COLOURED MAPS
LINE MAPS
The World according to Hecataeus THE WORLD according to HECATÆUS John Bartholomew & Co., Edinr The World According To Eratosthenes THE WORLD John Bartholomew & Co., Edinr Quadrans Habitabilis According To Abu Rihan Birunensis QUADRANS HABITABILIS John Bartholomew & Co., Edinr Egyptian Empire EGYPTIAN EMPIRE Persian Empire PERSIAN EMPIRE John Bartholomew & Co., Edinr Empire of Alexander the Great EMPIRE OF John Bartholomew & Co., Edinr Palestine, Old Testament PALESTINE Asia 13th Century ASIA India, 1705 INDIA, 1705 India, 1805 INDIA, 1805 Russian Advances in Central Asia RUSSIAN ADVANCES IN CENTRAL ASIA John Bartholomew & Co., Edinr The World on Mercators Projection. THE WORLD John Bartholomew & Co., Edinr Asia Orographical ASIA Asia January Temperature ASIA Asia January Rainfall ASIA Asia Mean Annual Rainfall ASIA Asia Races ASIA Asia Population ASIA Economic Map of Asia ECONOMIC MAP John Bartholomew & Co., Edinr Trade Routes of Asia TRADE ROUTES John Bartholomew & Co., Edinr Turkey in Asia TURKEY IN ASIA Suez Canal SUEZ CANAL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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