G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS

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By ARVEDE BARINE

The Youth of

s:

La Grande Mademoiselle

1627-1652
Authorized English Version
Octavo. With 25 illustrations from contemporaneous sources.
Net, $3.00. (By mail, $3.25.)

"A book that is decidedly interesting and that is well worth reading. The subject and the heroine is enough to make the volume attractive.... The volume is handsomely printed, and the illustrations are representative as well as accurate."—The London Spectator.

"This brilliant biography sparkles and intoxicates with literary vivacity. In connection with the career of the astonishing heroine, the author presents a picture that has hardly been surpassed of Court life and politics in France in the seventeenth century. The illustrations from contemporary prints add greatly to the attractiveness of this fascinating volume."—Chicago Evening Post.

s:

Louis XIV

and

La Grande Mademoiselle

1652-1693
Authorized English Version
Octavo. With 30 illustrations. Net, $3.00. (By mail, $3.25)
(Uniform with "The Youth of La Grande Mademoiselle")

"A new work on La Grande Mademoiselle by ArvÈde Barine is a promise of delight to all who love wit and wisdom.... It is bewildering to think of the many crowns and coronets that might have rested on the brow of the dramatic heroine, a heroine who appears and disappears in clouds of dust, with regiments of cavalry wheeling and whirling around her to the sound of the trumpets—the stern devotee of reason who dismissed one of her maids because she married for love—the philosopher who debated in her mimic court whether an accepted lover is more unhappy than a rejected lover in the absence of the beloved.... The story of this heroine is told by Barine with that art which conceals art.... It forms a fitting supplement to the equally delightful volume which preceded it describing "The Youth of La Grande Mademoiselle."—London Times.

New York · G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS · London

Portraits of
the Seventeenth Century

By C. A. Sainte-Beuve

Translated by Katharine P. Wormeley

Two Parts. Octavo. With about 30 Illustrations
Sold separately. Each, $2.50 net

CONTENTS OF PART ONE

Cardinal Richelieu
Duc de Rohan
Cardinal Mazarin
Duc de la Rochefoucauld
Duchesse de Longueville
Cardinal de Retz
Ninon de l'Enclos
Bussy-Rabutin
Tallemant des RÉaux
AbbÉ de RancÉ
La Grande Mademoiselle
Comtesse de la Fayette
Duchesse d'OrlÉans
Louis XIV.
Louise de la Valliere

CONTENTS OF PART TWO

History of the French Academy
Corneille
Mlle. de ScudÉry
MoliÈre
La Fontaine
Pascal
Mme. de SÉvignÉ
Bossuet
Boileau
Racine
Mme. de Caylus
FÉnelon
Comte Antoine Hamilton
The Princesse des Ursins

"The translator is a true servant and friend, not the proverbial traducer; none but Miss Wormeley could have been selected for the task, and she has given of her best, her indefatigable, conscientious, intellectual best, which has made her the mistress of a difficult art."—The N. Y. Evening Mail.

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G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS

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Little French Masterpieces

Representative Tales by the Best
French Authors

Edited by

ALEXANDER JESSUP

Translations by

GEORGE BURNHAM IVES

With portraits in Photogravure. Issued in a small
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Also sold separatelyCloth, $1.00Leather, $1.25

I. Prosper MÉrimÉe. Introduction by Grace King.

II. Gustave Flaubert. Introduction by Frank Thomas Marzials.

III. ThÉophile Gautier. Introduction by FrÉdÉric-CÉsar de Sumichrast.

IV. Alphonse Daudet. Introduction by William P. Trent.

V. Guy de Maupassant. Introduction by Arthur Symons.

VI. HonorÉ de Balzac. Introduction by F. BrunetiÈre.

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G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS

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Romance of the French Abbeys

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Romance of the Feudal ChÂteaux

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Romance of the Renaissance ChÂteaux

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Romance of the Bourbon ChÂteaux

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Four volumes. Illustrated. Each, in a box, net, $3.00 (By mail, $3.25.) The set, 4 volumes in a box, net, $12.00

G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS

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Footnotes:

[1] Letter of January 19, 1689.

[2] MÉmoires de Mademoiselle de Montpensier. Edited by ChÉruel.

[3] MÉmoires de Mademoiselle de Montpensier. Edited by ChÉruel.

[4] The ChÂteau of Saint-Fargeau still exists, but the interior has been transformed since a great fire which occurred in 1752; the apartments of Mademoiselle no longer remain. Cf. Les ChÂteaux d'Ancy-le-Franc, de Saint-Fargeau, etc., by the Baron Chaillou des Barres.

[5] Cf. Les Sports et jeux d'exercice dans l'ancienne France, by J. J. Jusserand.

[6] Les nouvelles franÇaises, ou Les divertissements de la princesse AurÉlie, by Segrais, Paris, 2 vols., 1656-1657. The last of the "Nouvelles franÇaises," Floridon, ou l'amour imprudent, is the history of the intrigues in the harem which led to the death of Bajazet. Racine had certainly read it when he wrote his tragedy.

[7] See Bernardin de Saint-Pierre, in the Collection of Grands Écrivains. Paris, Hochette.

[8] His Polexandre had appeared, 1629-1637; his last romance, La Jeune Alcidiane, in 1651; Cassandre and ClÉopÂtre, by La CalprenÈde, in 1642-1647. ArlamÈne, ou le Grand Cyrus, by Mlle. de ScudÉry, was published 1649-1653.

[9] Letters of the 12th and 15th of July, 1671, to Mme. de Grignan.

[10] See Le dictionnaire des PrÉcieuses, by Somaize.

[11] EugÉnie, ou la force du destin.

[12] Mademoiselle commenced her MÉmoires shortly after her arrival at Saint-Fargeau. She interrupted them in 1660, resumed them in 1677, and definitely abandoned them in 1688, five years before her death.

[13] Oriane was the mistress of Amadis.

[14] La relation de l'Isle imaginaire, printed in 1659, also L'histoire de la Princesse de Paphlagonie. We shall again refer to them.

[15] These representations took place in the grand hall of the Petit Bourbon, near the Louvre. (Cf. L'Histoire de Paris, by Delaure.)

[16] Letter of October 12th, to the AbbÉ Foucquet.

[17] MÉmoires de Montglat.

[18] MÉmoires du Marquis de Sourches. Cf. L'Histoire du chÂteau de Blois, by La Saussaye.

[19] Letter of September 3, 1663.

[20] Nicolas Goulas, MÉmoires.

[21] Gazette of August 22, 1654.

[22] Four, but the last died at an early age.

[23] MÉmoires de Bussy-Rabutin.

[24] Voyage de Chapelle et de Bachaumont.

[25] MÉmoires de Nicolas Goulas.

[26] Saint-Simon, Écrits inÉdits.

[27] Henriette-Catherine, Duchesse de Joyeuse, first married to Henri de Bourbon, Duc de Montpensier, by whom she had Marie de Bourbon, mother of Mademoiselle; married for the second time to Charles de Lorraine, Duc de Guise, by whom she had several children.

[28] Henri de Lorraine reigned from 1608 to 1624.

[29] Letter of August 10, 1657, to the Comte d'Auteuil.

[30] AndrÉ d'Ormesson died in 1665, dean of the Council of State. Some fragments of his memoirs have been published by ChÉruel, in the course of the Journal of his son, Olivier d'Ormesson.

[31] Turenne had conquered the troops of the Prince at Étampes (May, 1652), upon the occasion of a review in honour of Mademoiselle and of the disorder which resulted. See The Youth of La Grande Mademoiselle. Some weeks later, he besieged the town.

[32] Letter to his wife, August 3, 1663.

[33] Richelieu had declared war with Spain March 26, 1635.

[34] The phrase is by Bussy-Rabutin.

[35] See the MÉmoires de Louis XIV., edited by Charles Dreyss. The MÉmoires of Louis XIV. were not written by himself. He dictated them to his secretaries afterward adding notes in his own handwriting and correcting the proofs. See the Introduction by M. Dreyss.

[36] MÉmoires de Mademoiselle de Montpensier. MÉmoires de Montglat.

[37] Montglat.

[38] Id.

[39] Letters of January 3, 1717, of September 27, 1718, and of July, 1722. Madame adds in this last: "Now, all the circumstances are known."

[40] Letter to the Queen, Anne of Austria, October 27, 1651.

[41] March 23, 1865, PÈre Theiner, Guardian of the Secret Archives of the Vatican, replied to some one who had pressed the question: "Our acts of December 16, 1641, in which Jules Mazarin was created Cardinal, do not say whether or not he was a priest. How could he then have been admitted to the order of Cardinal-priest? No doubt he was a priest." The letter of PÈre Theiner has been published by M. Jules Loiseleur in his ProblÊmes historiques.

[42] Letters of Madame de Maintenon edited by Geoffroy.

[43] For further details see the excellent volume of M. Lacour-Gayet, L'Éducation politique de Louis XIV.

[44] December 24th, Relations des ambassadeurs vÉnitiens.

[45] The letter is dated April 21, 1654. Louis XIV. was then fifteen and a half years of age.

[46] Mme. de Motteville had heard him express the same idea. Cf. his MÉmoires, v., 101, ed. Petitot.

[47] Les fragments des mÉmoires inÉdits by Dubois, valet of Louis XIV., published by LÉon Aubineau in the BiblothÉque de l'École des Chartes, and in his Notices littÉraires upon the 17th century.

[48] Cf. Lacour-Gayet, p. 203.

[49] M. Dreyss dates the writing of this portion of the MÉmoires about 1670.

[50] Letters of June 9, 1654, and April 9, 1658.

[51] Segraisiana. Louis XIV. was seventeen when he made this remark.

[52] Journal de voyage de deux jeunes Hollandais À Paris (1656-1658).

[53] MÉmoires de Mme. de Motteville.

[54] The fair of Saint-Germain was held between Saint-Sulpice and Saint-Germain-des-PrÉs, from February 3d to the evening before Palm Sunday. The Court and the populace elbowed each other there.

[55] Journal de deux jeunes Hollandais.

[56] MÉmoires of Mademoiselle.

[57] Journal de deux jeunes Hollandais.

[58] Journal de deux jeunes Hollandais.

[59] April 29th.

[60] To the Duc de Bouillon and to the son of the Marshal Duc de La Meilleraye, who took the title of Duc de Mazarin.

[61] It must not be forgotten that Saint-Simon was presented at Court in 1692. Louis XIV. was then fifty-four, and had reigned forty-nine years. Saint-Simon only knew the end of the reign.

[62] Brother of the Superintendent of Finances.

[63] In the summer of 1657.

[64] Vers d'Atys, opera played in 1676, and d'Astrate, tragedy of 1663.

[65] The phrase is M. Jules LemÂitre's.

[66] See The Youth of La Grande Mademoiselle. For this chapter cf. La misÈre au temps de la Fronde et Saint-Vincent de Paul, by Feillet; La cabale des dÉvots, by by Raoul Allier; Saint-Vincent de Paul, by Emanuel Broglie; Saint-Vincent de Paul et les Goudi, by Chantelauze; Port-Royal, by Sainte-Beuve.

[67] Village of the arrondissement of Provins.

[68] Feillet, La misÈre au temps de la Fronde.

[69] See the volume of Raoul Allier, La cabale des dÉvots.

[70] Marie de Gonzague.

[71] En Picardie.

[72] M. Emanuel de Broglie.

[73] Saul in the Journal des guerres civiles de Dubuisson-Aubenay. He mentions the date of December 2, 1650, upon which "large donations" were sent into Champagne, by Mmes. de Lamoignon and de Herse, Messieurs de BerniÈres, Lenain, etc.

[74] The Parliament of Dijon had a bad reputation with the ministers, who accused it of refusing all reform. This does not excuse such a lack of good faith.

[75] Dombes was a small independent principality which had only been definitely united to France on March 28, 1782; its capital was TrÉvoux.

[76] Histoire de France. Tr. by Jacques Porchat and Miot. Paris, 1886.

[77] MÉmoires de Montglat; MÉmoires de Mme. de Motteville.

[78] The ball took place on the 3rd. Several days elapsed before the news of the death reached Aix.

[79] MÉmoires of Mademoiselle.

[80] MÉmoires of Mademoiselle.

[81] Anne de Gonzague.

[82] This appeared in 1691.

[83] Isle des Faisans was also called Isle de la ConfÉrence, since Mazarin had there discussed the treaty of the PyrÉnÉes with Luis de Haro.

[84] MÉmoires de Montglat.

[85] MÉmoires de Mme. de Motteville.

[86] Ibid.

[87] There exists in the Archives d'Affaires ÉtrangÈres a fragment of the instructions of Mazarin to Louis XIV., written under the dictation of the King. M. Chantelauze, who discovered it, published it in the Correspondant of August 10, 1881.

[88] Motteville.

[89] Guy Patin. Letter of January 28, 1661.

[90] Motteville.

[91] He was even twenty-four when he asked PÉrÉfixe again to give him Latin lessons.

[92] Letter of June 27th to the Queen of Poland (Archives de Chantilly). The King dined at one o'clock.

[93] Letter of July 15, 1661.

[94] "Portrait de Mademoiselle fait par elle-mÊme" (Nov., 1657) in La Galerie des Portraits de Mademoiselle de Montpensier, edited by Éduard de BarthÉlemy (Paris, 1860).

[95] Mme. de Rambouillet died very aged in 1665. Her influence ended in 1650.

[96] Le Grand Cyrus. The greater part of the friends of Mlle. de ScudÉry are given assumed names. Mlle. Bocquet is called AgÉlaste.

[97] Cf. La SociÉtÉ franÇaise au XVIIe. siÈcle, vol., ch. xv.

[98] This is the friend of Mme. de SÉvignÉ.

[99] Sister-in-law of the preceding. She married, in 1662, Bernard, Duke of Saxe-Jena.

[100] Mademoiselle says in her MÉmoires that they "had" them written. This is an error.

[101] La Galerie des Portraits.

[102] M. de BarthÉlemy, editor of the Galerie des Portraits, called Honorat de Bueil, marquis de Racan; born in 1589, died in 1670.

[103] Or forty-six, depending upon the date of the Portrait, 1658 or 1659.

[104] L'École des Femmes was issued in 1662.

[105] The expression is from the beautiful Marquise de Mauny, who formed part of the little Court of Saint-Fargeau.

[106] From Mme. de SainctÔt, wife of the master of ceremonies and introducer of ambassadors under Louis XIV. She was a friend of Voiture.

[107] The others are, Vie de Madame de Fouquerolles, supposed autobiography of a lady mixed up with Fronde intrigues (MS. exists in the library of the Arsenal), and La Relation de l'Isle imaginaire (1658), badinage upon an episode in Don Quixote.

[108] MÉmoires. FranÇois-TimolÉon de Choisy was born in 1644. There is some question as to who was his mother.

[109] Marguerite Louise d'OrlÉans was born July 28, 1645; Elisabeth, called Mlle. d'AlenÇon, December 26, 1646; FranÇoise-Madeleine, called Mlle. de Valois, October 13, 1648.

[110] Born at Tours in 1644. Her father, Laurent de La Baume Le Blanc, Seigneur de La ValliÈre, dying in 1654, her mother remarried Jacques de Courtavel, marquis de Saint-Remi, maÎtre d'hÔtel de Gaston d'OrlÉans.

[111] Cf. Madame, Memoirs of Henrietta, Duchess of OrlÉans, by Julia Cartwright (London, 1894).

[112] Lady Derby was a La TrÉmouille. The sister-in-law to whom the letters are addressed was the sister of Turenne.

[113] Or Charles IV.; there are two methods of counting the Dukes of Lorraine.

[114] See the very curious volume by M. Rodocanachi, Les Infortunes d'une petite-fille d'Henri IV. The marriage of the Princess Marguerite with the Duke of Tuscany took place April 19, 1661.

[115] MÉmoires of Mademoiselle.

[116] Par Fortin de la Hoguete (1645).

[117] L'Image du Souverain (1649).

[118] MÉmoires pour 1667. Ed. by Charles Dreyss.

[119] Portugal had again become independent in 1640.

[120] MÉmoires for the year 1661.

[121] Mignet, NÉgociations relatives À la succession d'Espagne.

[122] Élisabeth de France, daughter of Henry IV., born in 1602. She married Philip IV., in 1615, gave birth to Marie-ThÉrÈse in 1638, and died in 1644.

[123] This was the Marshal de Gramont, father of the Comte de Guiche. The "magnificence" and the "galanterie" of his journey to Madrid to demand the Infanta have left lively memories.

[124] Souvenirs de Madame de Caylus, MÉmoires de Mme. de Motteville, Souvenirs sur Madame de Maintenon, published by the Comte de Haussonville and M. G. Hanotaux.

[125] Married on April 1, 1661, at seventeen. Monsieur (Philippe de France, duc d'OrlÉans) was then twenty-one.

[126] Histoire de Madame Henriette d'Angleterre, by Mme. de La Fayette.

[127] Histoire de Madame de Henriette, etc.

[128] MÉmoires de Mme. de Motteville.

[129] War between relations in regard to property.

[130] Letter of July 9, 1749, and passim, in his correspondence.

[131] Cf. La Cabale des DÉvots, by M. Raoul Allier.

[132] Journal d'Olivier LefÈvre d'Ormesson.

[133] MÉmoires de Bussy-Rabutin.

[134] À nos Seigneurs de Parlement.—Archives of the ChÂteau of Eu. Mgr. le Duc d'OrlÉans has thrown open to me the Archives of Eu with a liberality for which I here heartily express my gratitude.

[135] DÉclaration par le Menu du ComtÉ d'Eu (May 8, 1660), and Inventoire gÉnÉral du ComtÉ d'Eu (July 1, 1663).

[136] The Norman acre contains 81 acres and 71 centiares.

[137] Her request to the King was dated February 9, 1661 (Archives of Eu).

[138] The debts amounted exactly to 2,700,718 frs. 18 sols. (Liste des CrÉanciers in Archives of the ChÂteau of Eu). It will be remembered that Mademoiselle paid for Eu 2,550,000 frs.

[139] The account of the entry of Mademoiselle is in the Archives of the ChÂteau of Eu.

[140] Motteville.

[141] Histoire de France, by Leopold Ranke.

[142] NumÉro of September 14, 1663.

[143] The marriage took place on January 28th.

[144] Philippe IV. died September 17, 1665.

[145] Cf. La Relation des Divertissements que le Roi a donnÉs aux Reines, etc., by Marigny (June, 1664).

[146] Number of July, 21, 1663, and passim.

[147] Louis XIV. had bought Dunkerque from the King of England. The city was delivered November 27, 1662. For account of the entrance of the King, see the Gazette.

[148] Louis XIV. was installed at Versailles, as a residence, May 6, 1682.

[149] Letter to the Queen of Poland, Marie de Gonzague (Archives of Chantilly). The Duc d'Enghien had married, December 11, 1663, Anne de BariÈre, daughter of the Princess Palatine and niece of Marie de Gonzague.

[150] Journal d'Olivier d'Ormesson.

[151] Letter of October 31st to the Queen of Poland (Archives of Chantilly).

[152] Cf. De La ValliÈre À Montespan, by Jean Lemoine and AndrÉ Lichtenberger.

[153] Letter dated December 28, 1663, to the Queen of Poland (Archives of Chantilly).

[154] See the MoliÈre of the Grands Écrivains, v., iv.

[155] See the contemporary engravings. Some reproductions will be found in the beautiful work of M. de Nolhac, La CrÉation de Versailles.

[156] See the Youth of La Grande Mademoiselle.

[157] From the 7th to the 11th of May, the first two days and the last two not counted.

[158] Number of February 3, 1663, apropos of a ball given at the Louvre by the King on January 31st.

[159] For this portion, see the Gazette of May 17th, the letters from Loret of the 10th and 17th, various Relations du temps, the MoliÈre of the Grands Écrivains, etc.

[160] Louise de La ValliÈre, by J. Lair.

[161] See La Cabale des DÉvots, by M. Raoul Allier.

[162] A doubtful phrase.

[163] The Mlles. de Nemours were daughters of Elisabeth de VendÔme, sister of the Duc de Beaufort, and of Henri de Savoie, Duc de Nemours, who was killed in a duel by his brother-in-law (July 30, 1652). The younger sister married Alphonse VI. June 28, 1666.

[164] Claude Le Pelletier, then President of Inquests. After, he was Minister of State and Controller-General of Finances.

[165] Mlle. d'AlenÇon, the second of the half-sisters of Mademoiselle.

[166] Archives de Chantilly.

[167] Œuvres de Louis XIV. Lettres particuliÈres, Paris, 1806.

[168] L'ambassadeur de la Fuente au roi d'Espagne; Paris, January 27, 1664. (Archives de la Bastile.) The Princesse de Savoie refused by Louis XIV; had decided to marry the Duc de Parma.

[169] MÉmoires de Mme. de Motteville.

[170] The Archbishop of Embrun to Father Brienne; Turin Aug. 1, 1659.

[171] La Fontaine: La Fille, fable, published for the first time in the edition 1679.

[172] Marie-Jeanne-Baptiste de Nemours married Charles Emmanuel II., May 11, 1665.

[173] And not Madame Henriette, as has been said in error.

[174] BethlÉem was a suburb of Clamecy.

[175] Mme. de La Fayette, Histoire de Madame Henriette.

[176] MÉmoires de Mme. de Motteville.

[177] See Raoul Allier, La Cabale des DÉvots.

[178] Lenten sermons for the year 1662.

[179] Letter of March 29, 1680.

[180] Archives de la Bastille, by FranÇois Ravaisson, vols. iv., v., and vi., passim.

[181] See the review of the play in MoliÈre of the Grands Écrivains de la France (Hachette).

[182] Allusion to certain talismans.

[183] Archives de la Bastille: Rapport de la Reynie, lieutenant-general of police, À Louvois (1680, no other date).

[184] La Magie dans l'Inde antique, by Victor Henry.

[185] Interrogatory of June 30, 1668. Mme. de Bougy was the widow of the Marquis of this name, lieutenant-general. La Duverger was occupied with magic. The Marquis de Ravetot had married Catherine de Grammont, daughter of the Marshal.

[186] Another name for Lesage.

[187] Histoire de l'OpÉra en Europe, by M. Romain Rolland. Cf. Histoire de la Musique dramatique en France, by Chouquet, Les Origines de l'OpÉra franÇais, by Nuitter and Thoinan.

[188] The first opera worthy of the name was Pomone, by Cambert. It will be learned in special works how French opera differed from Italian and through what a chain of circumstances it occurred that a Florentine, Baptiste Lulli, was the true founder.

[189] See above.

[190] A selection of the operas of Lulli, for piano and voice, has appeared in the Collection Michaelis.

[191] Letter dated December 1, 1673.

[192] Introduction par M. le Comte d' Haussonville, aux Souvenirs sur Mme. de Maintenon.

[193] Kant als Mensch, by Erich Adickes.

[194] Romain Rolland.

[195] MÉmoires of Mademoiselle.

[196] Œuvres galantes en vers et en prose, by M. Cotin.

[197] For this see Les Ennemis de Racine, by F. Deltour; Les Époques du ThÉÂtre franÇais, and Les Études critiques sur l'Histoire de la LittÉrature franÇaise by M. F. BrunetiÈre; the memoirs and correspondence of the times; the collection of Mercure galant; les prÉfaces de Racine, etc.

[198] Criticism by Boursault.

[199] Deltour, Les Ennemies de Racine.

[200] Gazette de Loret, January 13, 1663.

[201] MÉmoires sur la vie et les ouvrages de Jean Racine, by Louis Racine.

[202] See the volume by MM. Jean Lemoine and AndrÉ Lichtenberger, De La ValliÈre À Montespan.

[203] Souvenirs sur Mme. de Maintenon.—Les Cahiers de Mlle. d'Aumale, with an Introduction by M. G. Hanotaux.

[204] May 27, to M. de Montchevreuil.

[205] "Frappez" would have been misunderstood.

[206] Remerciement au Roi (1663).

[207] The Convent of Saint-Joseph, rue Saint Dominique; Mme. de Montespan had constructed in it an apartment for herself.

[208] The Comte de Vexin, who died young.—Mme. de SÉvignÉ, letter dated June 14, 1675.

[209] The Grande Equerry, Louis de Lorraine, Comte d' Armagnac.

[210] The Marquis de Puyguilhem (written PÉguilin) had taken the name of Comte de Lauzun the following January. The latter title will be used in this volume.

[211] See the portrait of Straton in the chapter entitled "De la Cour."

[212] Saint-Simon, Écrits inÉdits.

[213] Lauzun became Captain of the Body Guard in July, 1669.

[214] Letter to Mme. de SÉvignÉ, dated February 2, 1669.

[215] MÉmoires et RÉflexions of the Marquis de la Fare.

[216] The sister of the Grand CondÉ. Upon her part in the Fronde, see The Youth of La Grande Mademoiselle.

[217] M. de Saint-Paul began toward this time to bear the name of de Longueville.

[218] This conversation, which gives the key to the conduct of Lauzun, is reported in Le Perroquet or Les amours de Mademoiselle, an anonymous recital printed by M. Livet following the Histoire amoureuse des Gaules (Paris, Jannet, 1857); and in the Histoire de Mademoiselle et du Comte de Losun (Bibl. Saint-GeneviÈve MS. 3208), not always sources to be relied on, but to be trusted here.

[219] War between relatives for the succession.

[220] Lettres historiques. Pellison accompanied the Court as historiographer.

[221] Plaques: pieces of embossed silver, at the lower part of which was placed a chandelier.

[222] MÉmoires of Mademoiselle.

[223] De La ValliÈre À Montespan, by Jean Lemoine and AndrÉ Lichtenberger.

[224] Emmanuel II. de Crussol, Duc d'UzÈs. He married the daughter of the Duc de Montausier and of Julie d'Angennes.

[225] Probably the uncle by marriage of Bussy-Rabutin.

[226] Romecourt was Lieutenant of the King's Guards.

[227] It is evident that these last were carried in the private carriages, ready for any accident.

[228] Gazette de Renaudot.

[229] Captain of the Body Guard. Afterward, Duc de Noailles, and Marshal of France.

[230] First physician to the King.

[231] Histoire de Madame Henriette d'Angleterre.

[232] Mme. de SÉvignÉ to Bussy-Rabutin. Letter of July 6, 1670.

[233] Mme. de SÉvignÉ to Bussy-Rabutin (letter dated January 15, 1687), speaking of CondÉ's death.

[234] Charles d'Harcourt, chevalier, afterward Comte de Beuvron, was one of those whom rumour accused of having contributed to the death of Madame.

[235] Monsieur had two daughters by his first marriage; Marie-Louise d'OrlÉans, who married, in 1679, Charles II. of Spain, and Anne-Marie de Valois, married, in 1684, to Victor-AmÉdÉe II., Duc de Savoie.

[236] Cf. MÉmoires de Louis XIV. "for the year 1666." Edited by Charles Dreyss.

[237] Cf. Segraisiana.

[238] MÉmoires de l'AbbÉ de Choisy.

[239] Don Miguel de Iturrieta to Don Diego de la Torre. Archives de la Bastille.

[240] Mme. de Montespan et Louis XIV., by P. ClÉment.

[241] Histoire etc. (Bibl. Sainte-GeneviÈve, MS. 3208). The same version is found with slight variations in Le Perroquet, etc.

[242] MÉmoires de la Fare.

[243] Letter dated January 26, 1680.

[244] Second son of Louis XIV. He died young.

[245] Cf. for this chapter, the MÉlanges of Philibert Delamare (Bibl. Nationale, French MS. 23,251), the Journal of d'Ormesson, and generally the memoirs, correspondences, pamphlets, and songs of the period.

[246] Philibert Delamare, loc. cit.

[247] Journal of Olivier d'Ormesson.

[248] Letter to Coulanges, December 31st. The letter announcing the marriage, too well known to quote, is dated the 15th.

[249] MÉmoires de la Fare.

[250] Ancient Governor of the King, who had kept a strong affection for his pupil.

[251] Philibert Delamare, loc. cit.

[252] Mme. de Maintenon, Lettres historiques et Édifiantes; cf. MÉmoire de Mlle. d'Aumale, published by M. le Comte d'Haussonville.

[253] The AbbÉ de Choisy relates the same scene, but attributes it to the Princesse de Carignan (Marie de Bourbon-Soissons, 1666-1692).

[254] The French ChargÉ d'Affaires in Sweden and Germany, Archives de la Bastille.

[255] Philibert Delamare, loc. cit.

[256] This exclusion probably refers to the Prince de CondÉ, with whom an alliance would have been considered a danger to the peace of France.

[257] La Correspondance de Pomponne (Bibl. de l'Arsenal, 4712, 1598, 11. F.), fol. 373. M. ChÉruel in the appendix to volume iv. of the MÉmoires de Mademoiselle, and M. Livet in l'Histoire amoureuse des Gaules, have published this letter after an inexact copy.

[258] Letter dated December 24, 1670.

[259] Letter dated December 31, ——.

[260] Souvenirs et Correspondance.

[261] Philibert Delamare, loc. cit.

[262] Letter dated December 24, 1670.

[263] Correspondance de Bussy-Rabutin, published by Ludovic Lalanne.

[264] M. du Honsett, Ancient Intendant of Finance. He had just purchased the office of Chancellor of Monsieur.

[265] Letter dated April 1, 1671.

[266] Letter dated January 13, 1672.

[267] MÉmoires de La Fare. Cf. the MÉmoires de Choisy, Segraisiana, etc.

[268] Louvois had visited Pignerol the preceding year.

[269] The authorities quoted in this and the following chapter, upon the captivity of Lauzun, are in part unpublished and drawn from the Archives of the Minister of War, in part borrowed from the Archives de la Bastille, by M. Ravaisson. See also a collection of historic documents of 1829: Histoire de la DÉtention des Philosophes, by J. Delort.

[270] Mme. de Montespan and Mlle. de La ValliÈre were designated briefly "les Dames."

[271] This letter has been lost or destroyed.

[272] Louvois to Saint-Mars, March 2, 1676.

[273] The letter from Saint-Mars (March 23, 1680) giving an account of the communications between the dungeons has never been found, any more than that telling of the flight of Lauzun.

[274] Louvois to Saint-Mars, November 28, 1679.

[275] Leopold von Ranke, Histoire de France.

[276] Journal d'Olivier LefÈvre d'Ormesson.

[277] Two years after this warning Louis XIV. gave at Versailles, in honour of Mme. de Montespan, a fÊte for which special buildings were created. The ballroom, only used one night, was marble and porphyry; the rest in accordance.

[278] A loss of more than 100,000 crowns was not rare at the gaming table of the King. March 6, 1670, Mme. de Montespan lost 400,000 pistoles in one night; at eight in the morning she regained 500,000. The pistole is worth about ten francs. In 1682, three years after her disgrace, she lost at one time 700,000 crowns which she did not regain. The King paid her debts.

[279] Letter of Mme. de ChÂtrier, attached to the House of CondÉ; De La ValliÈre À Montespan, by Jean Lemoine and AndrÉ Lichtenberger.

[280] Letter from Colbert to the Intendant de Rochefort (April 16, 1678).

[281] MÉmoires de la Fare.

[282] MÉmoires de Mlle. de Montpensier.

[283] MÉmoires de l'AbbÉ de Choisy.

[284] Souvenirs sur Mme. de Maintenon.—Les Cahiers de Mlle. d'Aumale, with an introduction by M. G. Hanotaux.

[285] Ibid.

[286] Letter to the Marquis de Trichateau.

[287] Note by La Reynie (December 27, 1679). The documents of the Affaire des poisons form more than 1300 pages of the Archives de la Bastille, and they are not complete. Certain especial depositions, particularly compromising for Mme. de Montespan, are lacking, and were probably burned by order of Louis XIV.

[288] Louvois to Boucherat, President of the Chambre, February 4, 1680.

[289] It included the Comtesse de Soissons, the Marquise d'Alluye (the King saved both), the Duc de Luxembourg (victim of an error), the Vicomtesse de Polignac, the Marquis de FeuquiÈres, the Princesse de Tingry, the MarÉchale de la FertÉ, the Duchesse de Bouillon, etc.

[290] Cf. Archives de la Bastille, the "Note autographe" of La Reynie, dated September 17, 1679. Was this the first time that these names had appeared? The destruction of portions of the testimony through the orders of the King does not permit the real truth to be disclosed.

[291] Louvois to M. Robert, January 15, 1680.

[292] She died there September 8, 1686. Cato seems to have been dismissed, although she had been placed with Mme. de Montespan by La Voisin.

[293] Marie-Anne-Christine de BaviÈre, coming to marry the Grand Dauphin.

[294] Cf. Les souvenirs de Mme. de Caylus and—among others—the letter of Mme. de SÉvignÉ dated July 17, 1680.

[295] Mme. de Montespan et Louis XIV.

[296] Louis XIV., sa Cour et le RÉgent, by Anquetil (Paris, 1789).

[297] The gift to be enjoyed only after the death of Mademoiselle.

[298] MÉmoires de Saint-Simon.

[299] Saint-Simon, Écrits inÉdits.

[300] At Chalon-sur-SaÔne.

[301] Exactly, according to the official figures, 284,940 francs.

[302] The coat called a brevet, because it could only be worn with a brevet from the King, was changed every year. It was thus very out of fashion at the end of twelve years. Lauzun had worn a wig at Pignerol, to protect his head against the dampness of his dungeon.

[303] Écrits inÉdits, Saint-Simon.

[304] Saint-Simon, MÉmoires. Saint-Simon takes his details from an eye-witness.

[305] Saint-Simon, Écrits inÉdits.

[306] SÉvignÉ.

[307] MÉmoires de la Cour de France, by Mme. de La Fayette.

[308] SÉvignÉ, January 6, 1689.

[309] Letter of M. d'Amfreville, general-officer of the marine to Seignelay, in the Histoire de Louvois, by Camille Rousset.

[310] Saint-Simon, Écrits inÉdits.

[311] Œuvres completes, of Bernardin de Saint-Pierre (Paris, 1830), vol. i.; Essai sur la Vie by AimÉ-Martin.

[312] Cf. the Gazette for 1693, and the series of the Mercure Galant monthly periodical, founded in 1672 by Donneau de VisÉ.

[313] Saint-Simon, MÉmoires.

[314] Saint-Simon says fifteen. He is mistaken; the act of marriage says fourteen.

[315] MÉmoires, Saint-Simon.

[316] Saint-Simon, MÉmoires.

[317] The royal ordinance is dated July 7, 1668. Louis XIV. was ever ignorant of the fact that the councillors of the HÔtel de Ville had passed nights in copying what was to be burned, so that the documents supposed to be destroyed still exist.

[318] From La RiviÈre to Bussy-Rabutin.

[319] Relation de la Cour de France, by ÉzÉchiel Spanheim, envoy extraordinary from Brandenbourg.

Transcriber's notes:

These corrections are indicated by dotted lines under the corrections. Scroll the mouse over the word and the original text will appear.

P.26. 'Qu'en croit' should be .Qu'on croit'.
P. 62. cammandemens should be commandemens. Changed.
P.62. 'voster' should be 'vostre'. Changed.
P.91. 'bourgeosie' should be 'bourgeoisie'. Changed.
Fontainbleau changed with Fontainebleau throughout the text.
P.187. vengance should be vengeance. Changed.
Footnote [187] < index. 'l'Opera' should be Histoire de 'l'OpÉra'.
P.132. Footnote 107: 'l'Île' shoulde be 'l'Isle', changed.
Took out 'Court of France continued' in index. P. 382.
P.212, 'de' Mme. de changed to 'the' Mme. de.
P.229 'trival'. changed to 'trivial'.
Footone [269]. 'Historie' should be 'Histoire'.
P.329, 'Lauzon' should be 'Lauzun'.
P.347, 'suddently'should be 'suddenly'.
P.379. Arras, 'seige' of, should be 'siege'.
P.383. conversation, the delight of intelligent,
P.369. arrived 'a' the court should be 'at'.

These correction are not indicated.

Fixed multiple instances of:

Fontainbleau to Fontainebleau.
d'Ormesson.
d'Aumale
d'Haussonville
d'Ormesson
Blois, Mlle. de
Princesse

Accents that have been fixed:

HÉLÈNE.
SÉVIGNÉ.
PrÉs.
PÉrÉfixe.
AngÉlique.
ProblÈmes.
BÉziers.
ÉvÉnement
PhÈdre
CondÉ
LittÉrature
nÔtre
OpÉra
Marie-ThÉrÈse
indÉpendants
PÉdagogue
Écrits
MoliÈre
misÈre
Édifiantes
PÉdagogue
Saint-GeneviÈve





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