Contents

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Introduction ix
Today and Yesterday 1
The River Works 1
The Landscape Changes 4
Glaciers Came 8
Just Before the Ice Age 9
Rivers Carried off the Everlasting Hills 11
Before the Rivers Cut the Valleys 14
The Mosaic of Central Massachusetts 18
The Red Rock Basin 18
A Dinosaur Diary 21
Volcanoes 23
The Original Valley 28
Hot Springs in Central Massachusetts 30
The Marginal Uplands 30
The Eastern Upland 32
Coal Swamps in Massachusetts and Rhode Island 33
The Western Upland 34
The Story of Central Massachusetts 38
Interesting Places 51
Mount Lincoln in Pelham 51
Mount Toby 52
The Sunderland Caves 55
Mount Sugarloaf 56
Turners Falls 58
The French King Bridge 59
Titan’s Piazza and Titan’s Pier 60
Westfield Marble Quarry 61
The Old Lead Mines 63
The Dinosaur Tracks near Holyoke 66
Fossil Fishing 68
Calendar Beds 69
The Holyoke Range 70
Trips from Northampton 78
Northampton, Amherst, Pelham 78
Belchertown, Amherst and Northampton 82
South Hadley, Amherst, Northampton 83
Holyoke, Easthampton, Northampton 85
Northampton, Hadley, Sunderland, Hatfield 86
Northampton, Cummington, Plainfield and South Deerfield 88
Trips from Greenfield 91
Mohawk Trail, Adams, Plainfield and South Deerfield 91
Greenfield, Orange, Pelham, Amherst and Deerfield 96
Greenfield, Turners Falls, Montague, North Amherst 99
Greenfield, Turners Falls, Montague, Sunderland 100
Trips from Springfield 102
Springfield, Holyoke, Easthampton and Westfield 102
Westfield to the Westfield Marble Quarry 104
Optional Trips 105
Mineral and Rock Collections 106
The Minerals 107
The Vein Minerals 107
Minerals of Pegmatites and Igneous Rocks 109
Minerals of Metamorphic Rocks 111
The Minerals of Soils and Rock Decay 111
The Minerals of Sedimentary Rocks 111
The Rocks 112
The Sedimentary Rocks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

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