  Lesson 1.1. The father travelled by train. In what other ways might he have travelled? Which is the fastest way? Which is the slowest? 2. What power drives the train? What other work does this power do? 3. Look carefully at the first picture in this book. Describe it. 4. Learn: A globe is a small model of the earth. Of what shape is the earth? Of what shape are the sun, moon, and stars? Lesson 2.1. The name of the town on the seashore (par. 2) is Dover. Turn to the picture on page 11 and describe the cliffs of Dover as seen from the sea. 2. The distance between Dover and Calais is only twenty-one miles. Learn: A narrow passage of water joining two seas is called a strait. The word strait means "narrow." This strait is called the Strait of Dover. 3. Model the Strait of Dover in clay or plasticine. Suppose the water between England and France were to dry up, what would the strait be then? Write out and learn: A valley is a hollow between hills or mountains. Lesson 3.1. The river which runs through Paris is called the Seine. The river which runs through London is called the Thames. Learn: A river is a large stream of fresh water flowing across the land to join another river, a lake, or the sea. 2. Look carefully at the picture on page 14 and describe it. 3. Compare French boys with English boys. Compare French girls with English girls. Lesson 4.1. Look carefully at the picture on page 18 and describe it. 2. Copy this little drawing of the silkworm and the mulberry leaf. 3. Why do flowers bloom earlier in the south of France than in England? 4. Describe the picture on page 20. Lesson 5.1. The Nile carries much mud in its waters. If there is a stream near your school, go to it and get a bottleful of water. Let this water stand for a time and notice the mud which settles down. Where does this mud come from? 2. Copy this little drawing of a palm tree. The Arabs say that the palm tree loves to have its foot in the water and its head in the fire. What do you think this saying means? 3. Look at the picture on page 23. What animals do you see in the picture? Tell me something about each of them. Lesson 6.1. Copy this little drawing of two of the oldest buildings in Egypt. Such buildings are called pyramids. Write out this word six times. You will see pyramids in the picture on page 23. Of what shape is the ground on which a pyramid stands? Make a ground plan of a pyramid. 2. How do we know what the men of Egypt were like in olden times? 3. The picture on page 25 shows you a street in Cairo, the chief town of Egypt. Describe the picture. Lesson 7.1. Write out and learn: A long deep ditch filled with water is called a canal. Model a canal in clay or plasticine. What is the difference between a canal and a strait? 2. Copy this little drawing of a lighthouse. Write out and learn: A lighthouse is a tower near the sea. It shows a bright light at night to warn sailors of rocks or shallow places. 3. Why does a big ship "go slow" through the Suez Canal? Lesson 8.1. Write out and learn: A desert is a rainless tract of country on which little or nothing will grow. How can a desert be turned into a garden? 2. Copy this little drawing of an Arab tent. Why do the Arabs who wander from place to place live in tents? 3. Write out and learn: A green spot in a desert is called an oasis. Several of these green spots are called oases. Lesson 9.1. The palm is said to have as many uses as there are days in the year. Name some of these uses. 2. Why is the camel called the "ship of the desert"? 3. Go to a sand heap. Stand on it; you sink in. Put a piece of board on the sand and stand on it; the board does not sink in much. Now turn to the picture on page 105. You will see a pair of snow-shoes on the snow. A boy's foot will sink into the snow. When he stands on the snow-shoes he does not sink in. Find out why. Notice the camel's foot, and tell me why it does not sink into the sand. Lesson 10.1. In what ways do the people of Bombay differ from the people of your town or village? 2. Why are the people of hot lands dark in colour? 3. Look at the picture on page 47. Describe it. Lesson 11.1. What is the difference between our shops and the shops of Bombay? 2. How do Indian boys play at marbles? 3. Copy this drawing of the Union Jack. Colour it with chalks. Lesson 12.1. With a pair of scissors cut out a square of paper. Fold it into two; then into four; then into eight, and lastly into sixteen. Open out the paper. If the whole square stands for the size of India, one of the small squares will stand for the size of our land. 2. Copy this drawing of a punkah. What is the use of a punkah? 3. Suppose you forget to water your plants, what happens? Suppose you water them too much, what happens? Lesson 13.1. Write out and learn: A mountain is land which rises high above the level of the country round about it. A row of mountains joined together by high ground is called a mountain range or chain. 2. Write out the following:—"Some mountains may be called water savings banks. The rain freezes as it falls and becomes snow. On very high mountains this snow never melts. It gets deeper and deeper, and the lower part turns into ice. This ice creeps slowly down the mountain side until it comes into air that is warm enough to melt it. The water which flows away from the ice forms a river. Many large rivers begin in melting ice-fields." 3. Describe the picture on page 55. Lesson 14.1. Make a copy of this little drawing. It shows you a palanquin—that is, a box carried on poles. Rich ladies are carried from place to place in India in palanquins of this kind. 2. Compare the life of a rich Indian girl with that of our girls. 3. "They sang 'God Save the King' for me." Who is their king? Have the people of India ever seen him? Lesson 15.1. Describe the picture on page 61. 2. Describe an elephant. Of what use is he? 3. Tell me what you know of tigers. How are tigers hunted? Lesson 16.1. In what way does a Burmese girl differ from an Indian girl? 2. Copy the drawing of a Burmese girl on page 66. 3. Write out the following: "The Burmese alphabet is very hard to learn. Dull boys often take a year to learn it. In the monks' schools the lazy boys are sometimes punished by being made to carry the hard-working boys on their backs up and down the schoolroom." Lesson 17.1. What is the difference between Burmese football and British football? 2. Describe the picture on page 68. 3. Write out the following: "Rice is a grass on which many seeds grow. These seeds are eaten. Rice will only grow in wet ground. The fields are flooded with water, and then the rice-shoots are planted. The fields must be kept flooded until the rice is ripe. In India, men sometimes gather the rice in small boats." Lesson 18.1. Copy this little drawing of a rickshaw. 2. Write out the following: "Tea is the name given to the dried leaves and young shoots of the tea-plant. This plant is a large evergreen shrub. It grows on the hillsides of Ceylon, and in many other places in the East. When the leaves are picked, they are spread out in trays until they wither; then they are rolled. Wet cloths are next placed over the leaves, and they are put in a cool dark place, until they rot a little. The leaves are then dried over a fire, and after cooling are packed in air-tight chests. They are then sent to our country." 3. Describe the picture on page 75. Lesson 19.1. Old cities have walls round them. Why were these walls built? Why are they of no use now? 2. Copy this drawing of a Chinese wheelbarrow. 3. Why do the Chinese paint an eye on the bows of their boats? Lesson 20.1. Describe the picture on page 78. 2. Say what you know about a Chinese school. 3. How can you tell a Chinaman when you see him? Lesson 21.1. Describe the picture on page 88. 2. In what ways do Chinese girls differ from British girls? 3. Write out the following: "The Great Wall of China is the longest wall in the world. It was built about two thousand years ago, and was meant to shut out the wild tribes which were then trying to conquer China. The wall is more than twice as long as the island of Great Britain. It is built of stone and earth, and is so broad that four horses can be driven on it abreast. The wall is now in ruins." Lesson 22.1. Write out and learn: An island is land with water all round it. People can only reach an island by sailing to it in a boat or by crossing a bridge. A small island is called an islet. 2. Model an island in clay or plasticine. Suppose the water round an island were to dry up, what would the island be then? 3. Copy this little drawing. It shows you the sacred mountain of Japan. 4. Write out and learn: A volcano is a hole in the ground out of which steam, ashes, mud, and melted rock are thrown. An earthquake is a shaking or tearing apart of the ground. Lesson 23.1. Which should you prefer to be—a boy or a girl (1) in Japan, (2) in India? 2. Describe the picture on page 90. 3. Try to make a drawing of a kite just after its string has been cut by the glass on the string of another kite. Lesson 24.1. Write out and learn: A plain is a wide tract of low-lying and nearly level country. A high plain is called a plateau. 2. Copy this drawing of a salmon. What do you know about salmon? 3. Which should you like to do best—till the fields, cut down trees, or catch salmon? Say why. Lesson 25.1. Describe the picture on page 105. Why do the boys cover up their ears? 2. What sports do these boys enjoy in winter? 3. Copy this drawing of a canoe. Lesson 26.1. Copy this little drawing of a wigwam—that is, a Red man's tent. 2. Describe the picture on page 102. 3. How did the Red men hunt the bison? What has become of the bison? Lesson 27.1. Look carefully at the picture on page 111. Compare it with the picture on page 35. 2. Why are the Eskimos fishermen and hunters, and not farmers? 3. How would you build a snow house? Would it be very cold to live in? If not, why not? Lesson 28.1. Describe the picture on page 102. 2. Write out the following: "The cotton plant loves sun and water, and will only grow in the hot, moist parts of the world. It throws out flower stalks, at the end of which pods appear. Inside the pods is a soft, white down, which is called cotton. This is spun and woven into cloth." 3. What is the difference between cotton and wool? Lesson 29.1. Look at a globe. Find a line running round the globe at the thickest part. This is called the Equator, because it divides the earth into two equal parts. The hottest parts of the earth lie round about the Equator. The distance round the earth at the Equator is 25,000 miles. A railway train, running 50 miles an hour, and never stopping, would require nearly three weeks for the journey. Find out whether father's voyage was longer or shorter than this. 2. Measure with a band of paper the distance on the globe from the Equator on one side to the Equator on the other. Find half this distance and mark it on the globe. Then mark the same distance on the other side of the Equator. The points which you have marked are called the Poles. One is the North Pole; the other is the South Pole. 3. Learn: We divide the land of the earth into five great parts; each of these parts is called a continent. There are five continents—Europe, Asia, Africa, America, Australia. We divide the water of the earth into five great parts. Each of these parts is called an ocean. There are five oceans—Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, and Antarctic. The Arctic Ocean is round the North Pole; the Antarctic Ocean is round the South Pole.
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