References

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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Rea, D. G.; Belsky, T.; and Calvin, M.: Interpretation of the 3- to 4-Micron Infrared Spectrum of Mars. Science, vol. 141, 1963, p. 923.
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Harada, K.; and Fox, S. W.: The Thermal Synthesis of Amino Acids From a Hypothetically Primitive Terrestrial Atmosphere. In The Origin of Prebiological Systems and Their Molecular Matrices. Academic Press (New York and London), 1965.
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Fox, S. W.: Simulated Natural Experiments in Spontaneous Organization of Morphological Units for Proteinoid. In The Origin of Prebiological Systems and of their Molecular Matrices. Academic Press (New York), 1965.
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Sagan, C.: Biological Contamination of the Moon. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S., vol. 46, 1960, pp. 393-401.
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Young, R. S.: Deal, P. H.; Bell, J.; and Allen, J. L.: Bacteria Under Simulated Martian Conditions. In Space Research IV, P. Muller, ed., North-Holland Publ. Co. (Amsterdam), 1963.
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Nicks, O. W.; and Reynolds, O. E.: Decontamination and Sterilization of Lunar and Planetary Spacecraft. Science, vol. 142, 1963, pp. 539-540.
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Phillips, C. R.; and Hoffman, R. K.: Sterilization of Interplanetary Vehicles. Science, vol. 132, 1960, pp. 991-995.
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Hobby, G.: Review of NASA-JPL Spacecraft Sterilization Program. A Review of Space Research. Natl. Acad. Sci.-Nat. Res. Council, Publ. 1079, 1962, ch. 10. App. III.
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Bruch, C. W.; Koesterer, M. G.; and Bruch, M. K.: Dry-Heat Sterilization: Its Development and Application to Components of Exobiological Space Probes. Develop. Ind. Microbiol., vol. 4, 1963, pp. 334-342.
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Koesterer, M. G.: Thermal Death Studies on Microbial Spores and Some Considerations for the Sterilization of Spacecraft Components. Develop. Ind. Microbiol., vol. 6, 1964, pp. 268-276.
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Hall, L. B.; and Bruch, C. W.: Procedures Necessary for the Prevention of Planetary Contamination. In Life Sciences and Space Research III, M. Florkin, ed., North-Holland Publ. Co. (Amsterdam), 1965.
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Portner, D. M.; Hoffman, R. K.; Decker, H. M.; and Phillips, C. R.: The Level of Microbial Contamination in a Clean Room During a One-Year Period. Rept. 11-65 on NASA Interagency Agreement R-35, 1964.

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Bruch, C. W.: Some Biological and Physical Factors in Dry-Heat Sterilization: A General Review. In Life Sciences and Space Research II. M. Florkin and A. Dollfus, eds., North-Holland Publ. Co. (Amsterdam), 1964.
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Pollard, E.: Pilot Theoretical Study of the Effect of Weightlessness and Densely Ionizing Radiation on Single Cells. Progr. Rept. on Contract NsG-182-62. NASA, 1962.
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McKinney, R.; Montgomery, P. O'B.; and Gell, C. F.: A Study of the Effects of Zero Gravity on Cell Physiology. In Physical and Biological Phenomena in a Weightless State. Second AAS Symp. Phys. Biol. Phenomena Under Zero Gravity Conditions. E. T. Benedikt and R. W. Halliburton, eds., Advan. Astronaut. Sci., vol. 14, 1963, pp. 291-306.
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Zhukova, A. I.; and Kondratyev, I. I.: On Artificial Martian Conditions Reproduced for Microbiological Investigations. In Life Sciences and Space Research III, M. Florkin, ed., North-Holland Publ. Co. (Amsterdam), 1965, pp. 120-126.
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Davis, I.; and Fulton, J. D.: Microbiological Studies on Ecological Considerations of the Martian Environment. USAF SAM Review, vol. 2, 1959, p. 60.
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Roberts, T. S.; and Irvine, L. A.: Studies With a Simulated Martian Environment. Germination and Growth of Bacterial Spores. Tech. Doc. Rept. 63-75. USAF School Aerospace Med., 1963.
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Roberts, T. L.; and Wynn, E. S.: Studies With a Simulated Martian Environment. Bacterial Survival and Soil Moisture Content. Tech. Doc. Rept. 62-121. USAF School Aerospace Med., 1962.
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Siegel, S. M.; Giumarro, C.; and Latterall, R.: Behavior of Plants Under Extraterrestrial Conditions: Seed Germination in Atmospheres Containing Nitrogen Oxides. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S., vol. 52, 1961, pp. 11-13.
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Kiess, C. C.; Corliss, C. H.; and Kiess, H.: Evidence for Oxides of Nitrogen in the Atmosphere of Mars. Science, vol. 131, 1960, p. 1319.
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Henry, J. P.; Ballinger, E. R.; Maher, P. J.; and Simons, D. G.: Animal Studies of the Subgravity State During Rocket Flight. J. Aviation Med., vol. 23, 1952, p. 421.
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* U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1966 - O - 798 520

Transcription note

The following typographic errors have been corrected:

  • p. 2, l. 16: to be called '"exobiology." ——> to be called "exobiology."

  • Table III.- Ultraviolet/Maximum: 108 erg/cm2, 2537° Å ——> 108 erg/cm2, 2537 Å

  • p. 58, l. 14-15: approximately 300 atm) ——> approximately 300 atm.)

  • p. 80, l. -2: (600-1000 ft=c) ——> (600-1000 ft-c)

  • p. 87, l. 1: 0.2-mM ——> 0.2 mM

  • p. 99, l. 1-2: faintsess ——> faintness

  • p. 104, l. 2: hiberation ——> hibernation

  • p. 116, l. 19: processsing ——> processing

  • p. 121, l. 1: Hoffman, R. K., ——> Hoffman, R. K.;

  • p. 124, l. -10: Rosenszweig ——> Rosenzweig

  • p. 128, l. 29: AMRL Tech. Doc. Rept. ——> AMRL-Tech. Doc. Rept.

Variant spelling: both forms microorganism and micro-organism have been retained, as quoted from different sources or bibliographic reference titles.

Tables: Where necessary, the widths of columns have been adjusted, and some tables have been split to avoid them being excessively wide. In the original text, Table VI was split over two pages but has been rejoined in this version.

References: For ease of searching, references in the text, as well as those in the list of references, have been enclosed in square brackets, e.g. [ref.3].

UTF-8 characters: This version contains UTF-8 characters to represent Greek letters, subscripts, superscripts and some punctuation. If these characters do not appear correctly, you may need to select a different font.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

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