[A] See Abbott's History of Louis XIV, p. 223.

[B] Life and Times of Louis Philippe, King of the French, by Rev. G. N. Wright.

[C] Vie Anecdotique de Louis Philippe. Par MM. A. Laugier et Carpentier, p. 108.

[D] Vie Anecdotique de Louis Philippe, p. 120.

[E] A. Laugier et Carpentier, p. 132.

[F] Life and Times of Louis Philippe, by Rev. G. N. Wright, p. 21.

[G] There have been efforts to prove that the dauphin was removed from prison, and another child was substituted in his place, who died and was buried. Several claimants have risen, professing to be the dauphin. But there is no evidence upon this point sufficient to change the general verdict of history.

[H] Life and Times of Louis Philippe, p. 22.

[I] "I have another great puzzle come to me. The Queen of Sicily has sent her son, Prince Leopold, to Gibraltar to propose himself to be regent of Spain. It appears to me to be extreme want of knowledge of the state of Spain. The Duke of Orleans came down with him, and on the 13th of August I discussed the subject fully with his highness, much to his satisfaction, and he went off to England with a light heart."—Collingwood's Correspondence.

[J] "Besides, possibly England did not think, and the exiled Bourbons of the elder branch would naturally have concurred in the sentiment, that it would be prudent or politic to send a gallant prince of Orleans to lead the Spaniards to victory, a prince who was the great-grandson of that Philippe of Orleans who, by the lustre of his talents and the many attractions of his character, became the idol of the army and the nation."—Life and Times of Louis Philippe, by Rev. G. N. Wright.

[K] Wright's Shores and Islands of the Mediterranean.

[L] France in 1840. By an American—[General Cass].

[M] Life and Times of Louis Philippe.

[N] During much of his exile, Louis XVIII. had occupied the chateau of Hartwell, in the county of Buckingham, about fifty miles from London.

[O] Life and Times of Louis Philippe.

[P] General Cass.

[Q] Abbott's Life of Napoleon, vol. ii., p. 465.

[R] Life and Times of Louis Philippe, by Rev. G. N. Wright.

[S] "England entailed a lasting disgrace upon her name by not prohibiting the execution of a vengeance so long delayed; by not claiming as her victims those brave men whom the glory of her arms had unfortunately placed at the mercy of the Bourbons, and by allowing the French king to put those fine fellows to death on the scaffold, whose military prowess was honorable to France."—Life and Times of Louis Philippe.

[T] Autobiography of Madame de Genlis.

[U] "The ministers took their places in silence around the fatal table. Charles X. had the dauphin on his right and M. de Polignac on his left. He questioned each of his servants, one after another, and when he came to M. d'Hausrez, that minister repeated his observations of the preceding day. 'Do you refuse?' inquired Charles X. 'Sire,' replied the minister, 'may I be allowed to address one question to the king? Is your majesty resolved on proceeding, should your ministers draw back?' 'Yes,' said Charles, firmly. The minister of marine took the pen and signed.

"When all the signatures were affixed, there was a solemn and awful pause. An expression of high-wrought energy, mingled with uneasiness, sat on the faces of the ministers. M. de Polignac's alone wore a look of triumph. Charles X. walked up and down the room with perfect composure."—France under Louis Philippe, by Louis Blanc, p. 107.

[V] Les Dix Ans de Louis Philippe, par Louis Blanc.

[W] "The Duc de Raguse found himself invested with a real military dictatorship. His situation was a cruel one. If he took part with the insurgents, he betrayed a king who relied upon him. If he put so many mothers in mourning, without even believing in the justice of his cause, he committed an atrocity. If he stood aloof, he was dishonored. Of these three lines of conduct he adopted that which was most fatal to the people."—Louis Blanc.

[X] "The History of Ten Years," by Louis Blanc, vol. i, p. 187.

[Y] Louis Blanc, i., 359.

[Z] Moniteur, August 3, 1830.

[AA] History of the Restoration, vol. iv., p. 489.

[AB] Alison, vol. vi., p. 463.

[AC] Louis Blanc, iii., 296.

[AD] Alison, vol. vii., p. 77.

[AE] Les Dix Ans de Louis Philippe, vol. iii., p. 318.

[AF] Œuvres de Napoleon III., t. i., p. 393.

[AG] History of Europe from the Fall of Napoleon to the Accession of Louis Napoleon, by Sir Archibald Alison, vol. iii., p. 82.

[AH] Louis Blanc.

[AI] By the laws of France the dauphin attained his majority at the age of thirteen.

[AJ] In the British House of Lords the Crown will often carry a measure by a similar action. By the Constitution of the Empire in France, under Napoleon III., this was rendered impossible.

[AK] Abbott's Life of Napoleon III., p. 87.

[AL] Alison.

[AM] MÉmoires de la Duchesse de Berri, pp. 87-90.

[AN] "The History of Ten Years," by Louis Blanc, vol ii., p. 453.

[AO] Vie de Louis Napoleon, t. i., p. 22.

[AP] Alison, vol. iii., p. 206.

[AQ] Alison, vol. viii., p. 193.